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Smart Cities: Applications, Technologies, Standards, and Driving Factors
by Stan McClellan Jesus A. Jimenez George KoutitasThis book reviews the applications, technologies, standards, and other issues related to Smart Cities. The book is divided into broad topical sections including Vision & Reality, Technologies & Standards, Transportation Considerations, and Infrastructure & Environment. In these sections, authors who are experts in their fields present essential aspects of applications, technologies, requirements, and best-practices. In all cases, the authors have direct, substantive experience with the subject and present an important viewpoint driven by industry or governmental interests; the authors have each participated in the development and/or deployment of constituent technologies, standards, and applications, and share unique perspectives on key areas of the Smart City.
Recent Trends in Information and Communication Technology: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Reliable Information and Communication Technology (IRICT 2017) (Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies #5)
by Faisal Saeed Nadhmi Gazem Srikanta Patnaik Ali Saleh Saed Balaid Fathey MohammedThis book presents 94 papers from the 2nd International Conference of Reliable Information and Communication Technology 2017 (IRICT 2017), held in Johor, Malaysia, on April 23–24, 2017. Focusing on the latest ICT innovations for data engineering, the book presents several hot research topics, including advances in big data analysis techniques and applications; mobile networks; applications and usability; reliable communication systems; advances in computer vision, artificial intelligence and soft computing; reliable health informatics and cloud computing environments, e-learning acceptance models, recent trends in knowledge management and software engineering; security issues in the cyber world; as well as society and information technology.
Advances in Internetworking, Data & Web Technologies: The 5th International Conference on Emerging Internetworking, Data & Web Technologies (EIDWT-2017) (Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies #6)
by Leonard Barolli Mingwu Zhang Xu An WangThis book highlights the latest research findings, innovative research results, methods and development techniques, from both theoretical and practical perspectives, in the emerging areas of information networking, data and Web technologies. It gathers papers originally presented at the 5th International Conference on Emerging Internetworking, Data & Web Technologies (EIDWT-2017) held 10–11 June 2017 in Wuhan, China. The conference is dedicated to the dissemination of original contributions that are related to the theories, practices and concepts of emerging internetworking and data technologies – and most importantly, to how they can be applied in business and academia to achieve a collective intelligence approach.Information networking, data and Web technologies are currently undergoing a rapid evolution. As a result, they are now expected to manage increasing usage demand, provide support for a significant number of services, consistently deliver Quality of Service (QoS), and optimize network resources. Highlighting these aspects, the book discusses methods and practices that combine various internetworking and emerging data technologies to capture, integrate, analyze, mine, annotate, and visualize data, and make it available for various users and applications.
Stochastic Optimization for Distributed Energy Resources in Smart Grids (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
by Yuanxiong Guo Yuguang Fang Pramod P. KhargonekarThis brief focuses on stochastic energy optimization for distributed energy resources in smart grids. Along with a review of drivers and recent developments towards distributed energy resources, this brief presents research challenges of integrating millions of distributed energy resources into the grid. The brief then proposes a novel three-level hierarchical architecture for effectively integrating distributed energy resources into smart grids. Under the proposed hierarchical architecture, distributed energy resource management algorithms at the three levels (i.e., smart home, smart neighborhood, and smart microgrid) are developed in this brief based on stochastic optimization that can handle the involved uncertainties in the system.
High-Speed Decoders for Polar Codes
by Pascal Giard Claude Thibeault Warren J. GrossA new class of provably capacity achieving error-correction codes, polar codes are suitable for many problems, such as lossless and lossy source coding, problems with side information, multiple access channel, etc. The first comprehensive book on the implementation of decoders for polar codes, the authors take a tutorial approach to explain the practical decoder implementation challenges and trade-offs in either software or hardware. They also demonstrate new trade-offs in latency, throughput, and complexity in software implementations for high-performance computing and GPGPUs, and hardware implementations using custom processing elements, full-custom application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and field-programmable-gate arrays (FPGAs). Presenting a good overview of this research area and future directions, High-Speed Decoders for Polar Codes is perfect for any researcher or SDR practitioner looking into implementing efficient decoders for polar codes, as well as students and professors in a modern error correction class. As polar codes have been accepted to protect the control channel in the next-generation mobile communication standard (5G) developed by the 3GPP, the audience includes engineers who will have to implement decoders for such codes and hardware engineers designing the backbone of communication networks.
Korean Englishes in Transnational Contexts
by Christopher J. Jenks Jerry Won LeeThis book challenges the dominant tendency in world Englishes scholarship to rely on the ‘nation’ as a static spatial entity and reliable analytic category. Using the transnational Korean context as a case in point, the authors analyse how the practices and ideologies of the English language reflect the complex and unexpected flows of globalisation. Examining topics such as the spoken English of South Korean youth and English education in North Korea, this interdisciplinary work gathers both established and emerging scholars from a range of language-related fields to evaluate English as a dynamic and evolving language beyond purely ‘English-speaking’ countries. This edited collection will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of world Englishes, multilingualism, second language acquisition and globalisation.
Korean Englishes in Transnational Contexts
by Christopher J. Jenks Jerry Won LeeThis book challenges the dominant tendency in world Englishes scholarship to rely on the ‘nation’ as a static spatial entity and reliable analytic category. Using the transnational Korean context as a case in point, the authors analyse how the practices and ideologies of the English language reflect the complex and unexpected flows of globalisation. Examining topics such as the spoken English of South Korean youth and English education in North Korea, this interdisciplinary work gathers both established and emerging scholars from a range of language-related fields to evaluate English as a dynamic and evolving language beyond purely ‘English-speaking’ countries. This edited collection will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of world Englishes, multilingualism, second language acquisition and globalisation.
Korean Englishes in Transnational Contexts
by Christopher J. Jenks Jerry Won LeeThis book challenges the dominant tendency in world Englishes scholarship to rely on the ‘nation’ as a static spatial entity and reliable analytic category. Using the transnational Korean context as a case in point, the authors analyse how the practices and ideologies of the English language reflect the complex and unexpected flows of globalisation. Examining topics such as the spoken English of South Korean youth and English education in North Korea, this interdisciplinary work gathers both established and emerging scholars from a range of language-related fields to evaluate English as a dynamic and evolving language beyond purely ‘English-speaking’ countries. This edited collection will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of world Englishes, multilingualism, second language acquisition and globalisation.
Postfeminism(s) and the Arrival of the Fourth Wave: Turning Tides
by Nicola RiversThis book addresses the current resurgence of interest in feminism–notably within popular culture and media–that has led some to announce the arrival of the fourth wave. Research explores where fourth-wave feminism sits in relation to those that preceded it, and in particular, how fourth-wave feminism intersects with differing understandings of postfeminism(s). Through accessible and highly topical examples such as; the controversial actions of activist group, Femen; the rising phenomenon of ‘celebrity feminism;’ or the assumed outdated views of feminists’ associated with previous waves, the relationship between differing concepts of postfeminism(s) is illustrated. By pressing the need for an intergenerational approach to fourth-wave feminism, this book encourages engaging past debates and theorists allowing readers with an interest in the relationship between feminism and popular culture a fuller understanding of feminist theory and providing the opportunity to take stock before diving headfirst into another wave.
Distributed Computing in Big Data Analytics: Concepts, Technologies and Applications (Scalable Computing and Communications)
by Sourav Mazumder Robin Singh Bhadoria Ganesh Chandra DekaBig data technologies are used to achieve any type of analytics in a fast and predictable way, thus enabling better human and machine level decision making. Principles of distributed computing are the keys to big data technologies and analytics. The mechanisms related to data storage, data access, data transfer, visualization and predictive modeling using distributed processing in multiple low cost machines are the key considerations that make big data analytics possible within stipulated cost and time practical for consumption by human and machines. However, the current literature available in big data analytics needs a holistic perspective to highlight the relation between big data analytics and distributed processing for ease of understanding and practitioner use.This book fills the literature gap by addressing key aspects of distributed processing in big data analytics. The chapters tackle the essential concepts and patterns of distributed computing widely used in big data analytics. This book discusses also covers the main technologies which support distributed processing. Finally, this book provides insight into applications of big data analytics, highlighting how principles of distributed computing are used in those situations. Practitioners and researchers alike will find this book a valuable tool for their work, helping them to select the appropriate technologies, while understanding the inherent strengths and drawbacks of those technologies.
Evolutionary Computation and Complex Networks
by Jing Liu Hussein A. Abbass Kay Chen TanThis book introduces the linkage between evolutionary computation and complex networks and the advantages of cross-fertilising ideas from both fields. Instead of introducing each field individually, the authors focus on the research that sits at the interface of both fields. The book is structured to address two questions: (1) how complex networks are used to analyze and improve the performance of evolutionary computation methods? (2) how evolutionary computation methods are used to solve problems in complex networks? The authors interweave complex networks and evolutionary computing, using evolutionary computation to discover community structure, while also using network analysis techniques to analyze the performance of evolutionary algorithms. The book is suitable for both beginners and senior researchers in the fields of evolutionary computation and complex networks.
Advances in Human Factors, Software, and Systems Engineering: Proceedings of the AHFE 2017 International Conference on Human Factors, Software, and Systems Engineering, July 17-21, 2017, The Westin Bonaventure Hotel, Los Angeles, California, USA (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #598)
by Tareq Ahram Waldemar KarwowskiThis book provides a platform for addressing human factors in software and systems engineering, both pushing the boundaries of current research and responding to new challenges, fostering new research ideas in the process. Topics include evolutionary and complex systems, human systems integration, smart grids and infrastructure, workforce training requirements, systems engineering education, and defense and aerospace. Based on the AHFE 2017 International Conference on Human Factors, Software, and Systems Engineering, held on July 17–21, 2017, Los Angeles, USA, this book is an inspiring guide for all researchers and professionals in the field of human factors, software and systems engineering.
Smart Cities: The Internet of Things, People and Systems
by Schahram Dustdar Stefan Nastić Ognjen ŠćekićThis book presents a coherent, novel vision of Smart Cities, built around a value-driven architecture. It describes the limitations of the contemporary notion of the Smart City and argues that the next developmental step must actively include not only the physical infrastructure, but information technology and human infrastructure as well, requiring the intensive integration of technical solutions from the Internet of Things (IoT) and social computing.The book is divided into five major parts, the first of which provides both a general introduction and a coherent vision that ties together all the components that are required to realize the vision for Smart Cities. Part II then discusses the provisioning and governance of Smart City systems and infrastructures. In turn, Part III addresses the core technologies and technological enablers for managing the social component of the Smart City platform. Both parts combine state-of-the-art research with cutting-edge industrial efforts in the respective fields. Lastly, Part IV details a road map to achieving Cyber-Human Smart Cities. Rounding out the coverage, it discusses the concrete technological advances needed to move beyond contemporary Smart Cities and toward the Smart Cities of the future.Overall, the book provides an essential overview of the latest developments in the areas of IoT and social computing research, and outlines a research roadmap for a closer integration of the two areas in the context of the Smart City. As such, it offers a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students alike.
Energy-Efficient Spectrum Management for Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks
by Ju Ren Ning Zhang Xuemin Sherman ShenThis monograph addresses the spectrum-scarcity problem by providing a comprehensive overview of spectrum resource management in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks (CRSNs). It shows a variety of CRSN applications covering Machine-to-Machine communications, cyber physical systems and Internet-of-Things. The authors explore the benefits of an integrated energy efficient spectrum management solution for CRSNs including spectrum sensing, decision and allocation. Both theoretical and experimental aspects of CRSNs are covered in detail. Academics, researchers and developers will find this monograph an exceptional resource with valuable knowledge and insights. It also has extensive references from top journals, conference proceedings, books and standards.
Hypergraph Theory in Wireless Communication Networks (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
by Hongliang Zhang Lingyang Song Zhu Han Yingjun ZhangThis brief focuses on introducing a novel mathematical framework, referred as hypergraph theory, to model and solve the multiple interferer scenarios for future wireless communication networks. First, in Chap. 1, the authors introduce the basic preliminaries of hypergraph theory in general, and develop two hypergraph based polynomial algorithms, i.e., hypergraph coloring and hypergraph clustering. Then, in Chaps. 2 and 3, the authors present two emerging applications of hypergraph coloring and hypergraph clustering in Device-to-Device (D2D) underlay communication networks, respectively, in order to show the advantages of hypergraph theory compared with the traditional graph theory. Finally, in Chap. 4, the authors discuss the limitations of using hypergraph theory in future wireless networks and briefly present some other potential applications. This brief introduces the state-of-the-art research on the hypergraph theory and its applications in wireless communications. An efficient framework is provided for the researchers, professionals and advanced level students who are interested in the radio resource allocation in the heterogeneous networks to solve the resource allocation and interference management problems.
Resource Allocation with Carrier Aggregation in Cellular Networks: Optimality and Spectrum Sharing using C++ and MATLAB
by Haya Shajaiah Ahmed Abdelhadi Charles ClancyThis book introduces an efficient resource management approach for future spectrum sharing systems. The book focuses on providing an optimal resource allocation framework based on carrier aggregation to allocate multiple carriers’ resources efficiently among mobile users. Furthermore, it provides an optimal traffic dependent pricing mechanism that could be used by network providers to charge mobile users for the allocated resources. The book provides different resource allocation with carrier aggregation solutions, for different spectrum sharing scenarios, and compares them. The provided solutions consider the diverse quality of experience requirement of multiple applications running on the user’s equipment since different applications require different application performance. In addition, the book addresses the resource allocation problem for spectrum sharing systems that require user discrimination when allocating the network resources.
Design Thinking Research: Making Distinctions: Collaboration versus Cooperation (Understanding Innovation)
by Hasso Plattner Christoph Meinel Larry LeiferThis book summarizes the results of Design Thinking Research Program at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, USA and the Hasso Plattner Institute in Potsdam, Germany. Offering readers a closer look at design thinking, its innovation processes and methods, it covers topics ranging from how to design ideas, methods and technologies, to creativity experiments and creative collaboration in the real world, and the interplay between designers and engineers. But the topics go beyond this in their detailed exploration of design thinking and its use in IT systems engineering fields, and even from a management perspective. The authors show how these methods and strategies actually work in companies, and introduce new technologies and their functions. Furthermore, readers learn how special-purpose design thinking can be used to solve thorny problems in complex fields. Thinking and devising innovations are fundamentally and inherently human activities – so is design thinking. Accordingly, design thinking is not merely the result of special courses nor of being gifted or trained: it’s a way of dealing with our environment and improving techniques, technologies and life. This edition offers a historic perspective on the theoretical foundations of design thinking. Within the four topic areas, various frameworks, methodologies, mindsets, systems and tools are explored and further developed. The first topic area focuses on team interaction, while the second part addresses tools and techniques for productive collaboration. The third section explores new approaches to teaching and enabling creative skills and lastly the book examines how design thinking is put into practice. All in all, the contributions shed light and provide deeper insights into how to support the collaboration of design teams in order to systematically and successfully develop innovations and design progressive solutions for tomorrow.
Optical Switching in Next Generation Data Centers
by Lorenzo Pavesi Francesco TestaThis book introduces the reader to the optical switching technology for its application to data centers. In addition, it takes a picture of the status of the technology and system architecture evolution and of the research in the area of optical switching in data center. The book is organized in four parts: the first part is focused on the system aspects of optical switching in intra-data center networking, the second part is dedicated to describing the recently demonstrated optical switching networks, the third part deals with the latest technologies developed to enable optical switching and, finally, the fourth part of the book outlines the future prospects and trends.
User-Centric Ultra-Dense Networks for 5G (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
by Shanzhi Chen Fei Qin Bo Hu Xi Li Zhonglin Chen Jiamin LiuThis is the first book to introduce UUDN for 5G, including the concept, challenges, architecture and key technologies. The new network architecture based on “de-cellular” and “user-centric” is proposed with three kinds of decoupling: user plane and control plane decoupling from radio access, control and transmission decoupling from network, local service and network service decoupling. Key characteristics of UUDN are provided, including four aspects: Intelligent network knows user, Moving network follows user, Dynamic network serves user, and Secured network protects user. Four promising technology directions are discussed in detail, including dynamic APs grouping (DAPGing) method, intelligent networking, advanced interference management and user-centric security. The authors also include a UUDN solution, illustrated with numerology and evaluation results as a practical example. Finally, further research directions of UUDN are analyzed. This book gives an overall introduction of UUDN for people who are interested and just begin their study, as well as some suggestions on further research for experts involved in academic, industrial and standardization activities on relative fields.
Integration, Interconnection, and Interoperability of IoT Systems (Internet of Things)
by Raffaele Gravina Carlos E. Palau Marco Manso Antonio Liotta Giancarlo FortinoThis edited book investigates the lack of interoperability in the IoT realm, including innovative research as well as technical solutions to interoperability, integration, and interconnection of heterogeneous IoT systems, at any level. It also explores issues caused by lack of interoperability such as impossibility to plug non-interoperable IoT devices into heterogeneous IoT platforms, impossibility to develop IoT applications exploiting multiple platforms in homogeneous and/or cross domains, slowness of IoT technology introduction at large-scale: discouragement in adopting IoT technology, increase of costs; scarce reusability of technical solutions and difficulty in meeting user satisfaction.
Software Failure Investigation: A Near-Miss Analysis Approach
by Jan Eloff Madeleine Bihina BellaThis book reviews existing operational software failure analysis techniques and proposes near-miss analysis as a novel, and new technique for investigating and preventing software failures. The authors provide details on how near-miss analysis techniques focus on the time-window before the software failure actually unfolds, so as to detect the high-risk conditions that can lead to a major failure. They detail how by alerting system users of an upcoming software failure, the detection of near misses provides an opportunity to collect at runtime failure-related data that is complete and relevant. They present a near-miss management systems (NMS) for detecting upcoming software failures, which can contribute significantly to the improvement of the accuracy of the software failure analysis. A prototype of the NMS is implemented and is discussed in the book. The authors give a practical hands-on approach towards doing software failure investigations by means of near-miss analysis that is of use to industry and academia
Managing Democracy in the Digital Age: Internet Regulation, Social Media Use, and Online Civic Engagement
by Julia Schwanholz Todd Graham Peter-Tobias StollIn light of the increased utilization of information technologies, such as social media and the ‘Internet of Things,’ this book investigates how this digital transformation process creates new challenges and opportunities for political participation, political election campaigns and political regulation of the Internet. Within the context of Western democracies and China, the contributors analyze these challenges and opportunities from three perspectives: the regulatory state, the political use of social media, and through the lens of the public sphere. The first part of the book discusses key challenges for Internet regulation, such as data protection and censorship, while the second addresses the use of social media in political communication and political elections. In turn, the third and last part highlights various opportunities offered by digital media for online civic engagement and protest in the public sphere. Drawing on different academic fields, including political science, communication science, and journalism studies, the contributors raise a number of innovative research questions and provide fascinating theoretical and empirical insights into the topic of digital transformation.
Consecutive Interpreting: An Interdisciplinary Study (Palgrave Studies in Translating and Interpreting)
by Alexander V. KozinThis book sheds light on the phenomenon of consecutive interpreting. It combines phenomenological and empirical analyses to build a communication theory of interpreting. The author begins by reviewing mainstream research on consecutive interpreting and then dissociates himself from it, conducting a three-tier analysis of interpreting data. He concludes by presenting an alternative theory of consecutive interpreting. As he makes clear from the outset, a new and combined methodology for consecutive interpreting needs to be constructed to satisfy both the relation of the phenomenon to experience as well as its social foundation. He also stresses the potential within the humanities for wider employment of the phenomenological empirical method. This book will appeal to students and scholars of linguistics, translation, phenomenology, social interaction and communication
Terrestrial-Satellite Communication Networks: Transceivers Design and Resource Allocation (Wireless Networks)
by Linling Kuang Chunxiao Jiang Yi Qian Jianhua LuThis book targets major issues in terrestrial-satellite communication networks and presents the solutions. While the terrestrial networks can achieve high-speed data service at low cost, satellite based access is one way to complement terrestrial based networks to ensure ubiquitous, 100% geographic coverage. The coexistence and cooperation between terrestrial and satellite networks are of great potential in future communication networks, and satellite radio access networks has already been considered in the fifth-generation (5G) networks to be supported for phase 2. Therefore, it is important to study the architectures of terrestrial-satellite networks, as well as the possible techniques and challenges. The authors introduce the technique of beamforming in satellite communication systems, which is an efficient transmitting method for multiple access, and they discuss the main challenges as well as prospective applications. The authors introduce possible methods for interference cancelation reception in terrestrial-satellite communication networks when reusing the frequency band between the two networks. Due to the limitation of spectrum resources, spectrum sharing will become one of the important issues in terrestrial-satellite communication networks. The problems of spectrum coexistence between GEO and Terrestrial Systems and between GEO and NEGO systems are also discussed. Finally, taking both the two system into consideration, the resource allocation problem will be more complex due to the coupling between resources and the interference. Based on this, the authors propose several resource allocation schemes in different scenarios of terrestrial-satellite communication networks, which can optimize the capacity performance of the system. The expected audience for this book includes (but not limited to) graduate students, professors, researchers, scientists, practitioners, engineers, industry managers, and government researchers working in the field of satellite communications and networks.The expected audience for this book includes (but not limited to) graduate students, professors, researchers, scientists, practitioners, engineers, industry managers, and government researchers working in the field of satellite communications and networks.
Media and the Portuguese Empire
by José Luís Garcia Chandrika Kaul Filipa Subtil Alexandra SantosThis volume offers a new understanding of the role of the media in the Portuguese Empire, shedding light on the interactions between communications, policy, economics, society, culture, and national identities. Based on an interdisciplinary approach, this book comprises studies in journalism, communication, history, literature, sociology, and anthropology, focusing on such diverse subjects as the expansion of the printing press, the development of newspapers and radio, state propaganda in the metropolitan Portugal and the colonies, censorship, and the uses of media by opposition groups. It encourages an understanding of the articulations and tensions between the different groups that participated, willingly or not, in the establishment, maintenance and overthrow of the Portuguese Empire in Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé e Príncipe, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, India, and East Timor.