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Proceedings of the Indian Geotechnical Conference 2022 Volume 4: Geotechnics: Learning, Evaluation, Analysis and Practice (GEOLEAP) (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #479)
by C. N. V. Satyanarayana Reddy Ravikiran Vaidya Babu T. Jose Dipak Kumar Sahoo Anand J. Puppala Benny Mathews AbrahamThis book comprises the select proceedings of the Indian Geotechnical Conference (IGC) 2022. The contents focus on recent developments in geotechnical engineering for a sustainable world. The book covers behavior of soils and soil–structure interaction, soil stabilization, ground improvement, and land reclamation, shallow and deep foundations, geotechnical, geological and geophysical investigation, rock engineering, tunneling and underground structures, slope stability, landslides and liquefaction, earth retaining structures and deep excavations, geosynthetics engineering, geo-environmental engineering, sustainable geotechnics, and landfill design, geo-hydrology, dam and embankment engineering, earthquake geotechnical engineering, transportation geotechnics, forensic geotechnical engineering and retrofitting of geotechnical structures, offshore geotechnics, marine geology and sub-sea site investigation, computational, analytical and numerical modeling, and reliability in geotechnical engineering. The contents of this book are useful to researchers and professionals alike.
Everyday Agri-Environmental Governance: The Emergence of Sustainability through Assemblage Thinking (Routledge Focus on Environment and Sustainability)
by Jérémie Forney Dana Bentia Angga DwiartamaRevitalising the way the social sciences question agri-environmental governance, this book introduces "the everyday governance approach" as a means to improving the sustainability of agriculture and food systems.The "everyday" refers to localised practices, specific networks, and practical norms that emerge in a process of interaction, translation, and reinterpretation. The authors build this approach on assemblage thinking and theory, which focuses on the collective production of the social through complex sets of connections. For this reason, assemblage thinking becomes a particularly productive guide in exploring how everyday governance is co-produced in the interaction between numerous social processes involving a diversity of actors and instruments. The authors navigate between original and contrasting case studies from Switzerland, Indonesia, and the European Union in order to reorient attention to the transformative nature of governance, which they locate along four different dimensions of the everyday: (1) the interdependence of instruments within a wider governance assemblage; (2) the uncertainty and unpredictability of effects in agri-environmental governance; (3) the distributed nature of agency and its implication for power relations; (4) the importance of capacities in the transformation of agri-food systems. This book calls for a redesigning of agri-environmental governance that should move away from the setting of fix and precise objectives and solutions, and rather aim for a consolidation of sound foundations on which desirable futures can emerge.The book will be an essential read for students and scholars interested in sustainable agriculture and food systems, governance modes and approaches, and sustainability more broadly.
Everyday Agri-Environmental Governance: The Emergence of Sustainability through Assemblage Thinking (Routledge Focus on Environment and Sustainability)
by Jérémie Forney Dana Bentia Angga DwiartamaRevitalising the way the social sciences question agri-environmental governance, this book introduces "the everyday governance approach" as a means to improving the sustainability of agriculture and food systems.The "everyday" refers to localised practices, specific networks, and practical norms that emerge in a process of interaction, translation, and reinterpretation. The authors build this approach on assemblage thinking and theory, which focuses on the collective production of the social through complex sets of connections. For this reason, assemblage thinking becomes a particularly productive guide in exploring how everyday governance is co-produced in the interaction between numerous social processes involving a diversity of actors and instruments. The authors navigate between original and contrasting case studies from Switzerland, Indonesia, and the European Union in order to reorient attention to the transformative nature of governance, which they locate along four different dimensions of the everyday: (1) the interdependence of instruments within a wider governance assemblage; (2) the uncertainty and unpredictability of effects in agri-environmental governance; (3) the distributed nature of agency and its implication for power relations; (4) the importance of capacities in the transformation of agri-food systems. This book calls for a redesigning of agri-environmental governance that should move away from the setting of fix and precise objectives and solutions, and rather aim for a consolidation of sound foundations on which desirable futures can emerge.The book will be an essential read for students and scholars interested in sustainable agriculture and food systems, governance modes and approaches, and sustainability more broadly.
Cloudspotting For Beginners
by Gavin Pretor-PinneyAn introduction to the wondrous world of clouds, by the internationally bestselling founder of the Cloud Appreciation Society and a prize-winning children's book author and illustratorHave you ever watched a cloud being born?Clouds come in all manner of shapes and sizes, from low-lying Stratus to high-flying Cirrus via roll clouds, banner clouds and tornados. This beautifully illustrated guide reveals the facts, secrets and stories of all the major cloud types, and how they shape the weather around them. We learn their fancy Latin names, explore the parts of the sky where they like to hang out, marvel at the ways they play with sunlight – and even visit them on other planets, where they are sometimes made of acid.Cloudspotting for Beginners will inspire curious minds with a lifelong sense of meteorological wonder.
Deep-Sea Mining and the Water Column: Advances, Monitoring and Related Issues
by Rahul SharmaThis book focuses on general issues of deep-sea mining for seafloor mineral deposits, as well as the scientific, technical, legal and policy issues related to impacts on the water column. The topic is a growing area of significance due to the ongoing conversations on this issue in the world community, in view of the large-scale consequences resulting from operations of different components of deep-sea mining systems. The chapters are divided in five sections, and are contributed by highly acclaimed scientists, technologists, lawyers and administrators who have decades of experience working on these topics. The information compiled in the book is expected to serve as an important reference for all stakeholders including researchers, contractors, mining companies, regulators and NGOs involved in deep-sea mining and marine environmental conservation. Section 1 provides an overall view of the current status of deep-sea mining and issues related to the water column. Section 2 looks at the engineering considerations for technology related to mining, handling of bulk solids in the marine environment, transporting the ores from seabed to shore as well as processing of deep-sea minerals. Section 3 discusses various approaches for assessment of impacts of deep-sea mining on the water column. Section 4 assesses the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of the water column in different oceans of the world. Finally, section 5 deals with legal, policy and economic aspects of deep-sea mining.
The Great Transition to a Green and Circular Economy: Climate Nexus and Sustainability
by Gitte HaarThe green transition is the way to a sustainable and fair planet, and necessary to secure supply chains, deliver predictable prices, and ensure access to raw materials despite resource scarcity through sustainable production and consumption.This book provides broad, essential insights into the main elements of the green transition, circular economy, and sustainability. Sustainability and the green transition will mean new market conditions for businesses. Companies will be subject to new legislation at the corporate and product level alike. They will need to meet new requirements, e.g., having to provide a tremendous amount of new non-financial ESG data to deliver transparency and traceability in the value chains of products and businesses. The book aims to close the gaps between science, society, and business. To do so, it describes the complexity of sustainability and the need for a holistic approach. In addition, it provides solutions, tools and methods to transform today’s linear economy, make businesses ready for the future, and create a society that no longer pushes the planet beyond its limits.
Hydrometeorology: Forecasting and Applications
by Kevin SeneAn award-winning text introducing the latest operational hydrometeorological forecasting and warning techniques for flood, drought, reservoir, hydropower, irrigation, water supply and water pollution applications. Hydrometeorology: Forecasting and Applications is the latest edition of this award-winning book intended for practicing engineers and scientists. It also provides useful background for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences, geography, meteorology and hydrology. Operational examples include applications from the USA, UK, the Netherlands, Bangladesh and Nepal. Throughout, there is a focus on end-to-end warning systems, forecast uncertainty and risk-based and impact-based approaches. Hydrological forecasting topics include rainfall-runoff, flow routing, data assimilation, forecast verification and ensemble techniques. There are also updates to the text on weather radar, satellite precipitation estimates, hydrometry, low cost monitoring, numerical weather prediction, demand forecasting and dissemination of warnings, including the role of social media and citizen science. Applications include national and community based flood warning systems, flash flood guidance, famine and drought early warning systems, reservoir operations, and surface water, debris flow, ice jam, bathing water and harmful algal bloom alerts. Seasonal forecasting, land surface and global hydrological models are now discussed in more detail, including the opportunities from ‘Big Data’ and artificial intelligence, and a new chapter discusses approaches to predicting the hydrological impacts of climate change. The extensive sets of references have been revised and updated. “There are few books that have ever attempted to discuss all aspects of hydrometeorology in one volume. This one does so.” From a review of the 1st edition in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Kevin Sene FRGS, FRMetS, CEng (MICE) is a scientist and writer with wide experience in flood risk management, water resources and hydrometeorology. His previous publications include books on flood warning, forecasting and emergency response and flash flood forecasting and warning (Springer, 2008, 2013).
Seismic Performance of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Structures Retrofitted with FRP
by Dejian ShenThis monograph is written based on the author's research on seismic assessment and retrofitting of corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete structures during the recent two decades. It points out that reinforcement corrosion is one of the main reasons that contribute to the deterioration of the seismic performances and durability of reinforced concrete structures. It illustrates that the mechanism of reinforcement corrosion should be investigated to propose a method for evaluating the seismic performance of corroded components and structures. It calls for a comprehensive investigation on the bond performance between corroded reinforcing bars and concrete, as well as the degradation law of seismic performance of corroded beams, columns, beam column joints, and shear walls from the perspectives of materials, components, and structures. With the promotion and application of composite materials, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been proposed as an ideal material for retrofitting reinforced concrete structures. By emphasizing the mechanism of reinforcement corrosion and the integrated evaluation of materials, components, and structures, this monograph offers an idea of using FRP to retrofit the seismic performance of corroded reinforced concrete structures. It is designed as a reference work for professionals or practitioners and a textbook for undergraduates or postgraduates. This book provides valuable knowledge and useful methods that can be considered in the field of seismic assessment and retrofitting of corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete structures with other FRPs.
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Sustainable Urban Development: ICSUD 2022, Binh Duong - Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements)
by Hans-Joachim Linke Vien Thuc Ha Hieu Ngoc NguyenThis book includes peer-reviewed articles from the 8th International Conference on Sustainable Urban Development (ICSUD 2022), held at the Vietnamese-German University (VGU) in Vietnam. The theme of the conference is “innovative and inclusive growth models for sustainable urban development”. Articles in this book present major issues that cities and regions around the world are facing these days to adapt to new, unexpected, and profound challenges.Over past few years, the world has been observing meaningful reactions to crises. From the pandemic to war, energy, and food shortages, there are always opportunities for innovations. Some firms still thrived in the city lock-down; some groups stayed healthier with less income; and certain municipalities consumed less resources to attain higher outcomes. However, the rise of digital economy, the importance of proximity or near-shore supply chain, or the new contribution of different communities at different levels are generalized asnew growth models for changes.
Global Compassion: Private Voluntary Organizations and U.S. Foreign Policy Since 1939
by Rachel M. McClearyAid organizations like Oxfam, CARE, World Vision, and Catholic Relief Services are known the world over. However, little is known about the relationship between these private voluntary organizations (PVOs) and the federal government, and how truly influential these organizations can be in the realm of foreign policy. Indeed since the end of the Second World War, humanitarian aid has become a key component of U.S. foreign policy and has grown steadily ever since. This history of interaction deflates the common claim that PVOs have been independent from the federal government, and that this independence has only recently been threatened. Global Compassion is the first truly comprehensive study of PVOs and their complex, often-fraught interaction with the federal government. Rachel McCleary provides an ambitious analysis of the relationship between the two from 1939 to 2005. The book focuses on the work of PVOs from a foreign policy perspective, revealing how federal political pressures shape the field of international relief. McCleary draws on a new and one-of-a-kind data set on the revenue of private voluntary agencies, employing annual reports, State Department documents, and I.R.S. records, to assess the extent to which international relief and development work is becoming a commercial activity. She outlines the increasing financial dependence of these organizations on the federal government and the consequences of that dependency for various types of agencies, as well as the often competing goals of the federal government and religious PVOs. As a result, there is a continuing trend of decreasing federal funds to PVOs and of simultaneously increasing awards to commercial enterprises. Focusing on the interplay between public and private revenue, the discussion ends with the commercialization of foreign aid and the factors most likely to influence the future of PVOs in international relief and development. In this thought-provoking and rigorously researched work, Rachel McCleary offers a unique, substantive look at an understudied area of U.S. foreign policy and international development, and provides a crucial analysis of what this relationship holds for the future.
Moving to Markets in Environmental Regulation: Lessons from Twenty Years of Experience
by Jody Freeman Charles D. KolstadOver the last decade, market-based incentives have become the regulatory tool of choice when trying to solve difficult environmental problems. Evidence of their dominance can be seen in recent proposals for addressing global warming (through an emissions trading scheme in the Kyoto Protocol) and for amending the Clean Air Act (to add a new emissions trading systems for smog precursors and mercury--the Bush administration's "Clear Skies" program). They are widely viewed as more efficient than traditional command and control regulation. This collection of essays takes a critical look at this question, and evaluates whether the promises of market-based regulation have been fulfilled. Contributors put forth the ideas that few regulatory instruments are actually purely market-based, or purely prescriptive, and that both approaches can be systematically undermined by insufficiently careful design and by failures of monitoring and enforcement. All in all, the essays recommend future research that no longer pits one kind of approach against the other, but instead examines their interaction and compatibility. This book should appeal to academics in environmental economics and law, along with policymakers in government agencies and advocates in non-governmental organizations.
Yellowstone's Destabilized Ecosystem: Elk Effects, Science, and Policy Conflict
by Frederic H. WagnerWagner, one of our most distinguished wildlife biologists, is a strong critic of ecological practices in the national parks. This book provides an assessment of the ecological history of Yellowstone's northern range, since before the park existed, showing the impact of US Park Service policies on the health of the areas they oversee. He demonstrates that elk had been historically rare throughout the region and that overgrazing by elk has seriously degraded the landscape and altered the structure of the area. This is a major contribution to reconstructing the ecology of this region over the course of the past 500 years. It is also a critique of US Park Service management policies and their stewardship of the nation's most cherished natural areas. Wagner's book will generate substantial attention and debate both in the scientific and policy/management communities.
Essentials of Navigation: A Guide for Marine Navigation
by An Li Hongwei Bian Heng Ma Rongying WangThis book gives a basic introduction to navigation, from key concepts, basic principles, main technologies, equipment systems to the knowledge frame of navigation. The ten chapters fall into three parts: Chapters I~III introduce the elementary knowledge of navigation; Chapters IV~IX are devoted to the basic principles, and the optimization principle of integrated navigation as well; and Chapter X discusses the application of marine navigation, indicating the basic outline of the marine navigation system. The book clearly reflects the systematic idea of navigation knowledge from multiple perspectives, which is helpful for readers to build a holistic understanding of navigation from the concept, principle, characteristics, technology to the equipment system. At the end of each chapter, reflections beyond the fundamental knowledge of navigation are included to help readers further develop their scientific thinking and general literacy. This book is written primarily for students majoring in navigation, and it may also be of interest to researchers and practitioners engaged in navigation.
The Global Environment, Natural Resources, and Economic Growth
by Alfred Greiner Will SemmlerRecently, the public attention has turned toward the intricate interrelation between economic growth and global warming. This book focuses on this nexus but broadens the framework to study the issue. Growth is seen as global growth, which affects the global environment and climate change. Global growth, in particular high economic growth rates, imply a fast depletion of renewable and non-renewable resources. Thus this book deals with the impact of the environment and the effect of the exhaustive use of natural resources on economic growth and welfare of market economies as well as the reverse linkage. It is arranged in three parts: Part I of the book discusses the environment and growth. There, Greiner and Semmler incorporate the role of environmental pollution into modern endogenous growth models and use recently developed dynamic methods and techniques to derive appropriate abatement activities that policymakers can institute. Part II looks at global climate change using these same growth models. Here, too, the authors provide direct and transparent policy implications. More specifically, the authors favour tax measures, such as a carbon tax, over emission trading as instruments of mitigation policies. Part III evaluates the use and overuse of renewable and non-renewable resources in the context of a variety of dynamic models. They, in particular, consider the cases when resources interact as an ecological system and analyze issues of ownership of resources as well as policy measures to avoid the overuse of resources. In addition, not only intertemporal resource allocation but also the eminent issues relating to intertemporal inequities, as well as policy measures to overcome them, are discussed in each part of the book.
Technology, Sustainability and the Fashion Industry: Can Fashion Save the World? (Responsible Fashion)
by Annick Schramme Nathalie VerbovenThere is widespread rhetorical agreement that the fashion industry must get itself onto a more sustainable footing. What does this mean in practice, and how can sustainability be achieved in different regions around the world? This book brings together expert scholars and reflective practitioners via a network of dialogue and exchange to help drive forward a sustainable future for the fashion industry. With a focus on technological innovation, the contributions to this book provide a range of case studies from design thinking, through digital clothing and inclusive fashion. This book will be of interest to researchers and scholars in the fields of circular business and the fashion industry, and provides a unique resource for readers seeking to understand more about the need for responsible fashion and how technology might be able to help.