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Edexcel International GCSE (9-1) Mathematics Practice Book (3rd Edition) (PDF)
by Trevor Johnson Tony CloughEndorsed for Edexcel.Provide structured support and extra practice with a wealth of problem-solving and exam-style questions, in this fully updated edition written by an author team experienced in teaching and examining.- Enables students to maximise their grade potential and develop their exam skills with 700 exam-style questions.- Supports you and your students through the new specifications with over 100 additional questions addressing every part of the new syllabus such as the increase in Algebra.- Helps build problem-solving and mathematical reasoning skills with a dedicated chapter covering all topics and subject areas, with new questions to challenge the most able students.- Offers support for Higher tier students during their course and when revising for exams.
Lectures on Categorical Data Analysis (Springer Texts in Statistics)
by Tamás RudasThis book offers a relatively self-contained presentation of the fundamental results in categorical data analysis, which plays a central role among the statistical techniques applied in the social, political and behavioral sciences, as well as in marketing and medical and biological research. The methods applied are mainly aimed at understanding the structure of associations among variables and the effects of other variables on these interactions. A great advantage of studying categorical data analysis is that many concepts in statistics become transparent when discussed in a categorical data context, and, in many places, the book takes this opportunity to comment on general principles and methods in statistics, addressing not only the “how” but also the “why.” Assuming minimal background in calculus, linear algebra, probability theory and statistics, the book is designed to be used in upper-undergraduate and graduate-level courses in the field and in more general statistical methodology courses, as well as a self-study resource for researchers and professionals. The book covers such key issues as: higher order interactions among categorical variables; the use of the delta-method to correctly determine asymptotic standard errors for complex quantities reported in surveys; the fundamentals of the main theories of causal analysis based on observational data; the usefulness of the odds ratio as a measure of association; and a detailed discussion of log-linear models, including graphical models. The book contains over 200 problems, many of which may also be used as starting points for undergraduate research projects. The material can be used by students toward a variety of goals, depending on the degree of theory or application desired.
Beyond Einstein: Perspectives on Geometry, Gravitation, and Cosmology in the Twentieth Century (Einstein Studies #14)
by David E. Rowe Tilman Sauer Scott A. WalterBeyond Einstein: Perspectives on Geometry, Gravitation, and Cosmology explores the rich interplay between mathematical and physical ideas by studying the interactions of major actors and the roles of important research communities over the course of the last century.
Energy Markets and Responsive Grids: Modeling, Control, and Optimization (The IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications #162)
by Sean Meyn Tariq Samad Ian Hiskens Jakob StoustrupThis volume consists of selected essays by participants of the workshop Control at Large Scales: Energy Markets and Responsive Grids held at the Institute for Mathematics and its Applications, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A. from May 9-13, 2016. The workshop brought together a diverse group of experts to discuss current and future challenges in energy markets and controls, along with potential solutions. The volume includes chapters on significant challenges in the design of markets and incentives, integration of renewable energy and energy storage, risk management and resilience, and distributed and multi-scale optimization and control. Contributors include leading experts from academia and industry in power systems and markets as well as control science and engineering. This volume will be of use to experts and newcomers interested in all aspects of the challenges facing the creation of a more sustainable electricity infrastructure, in areas such as distributed and stochastic optimization and control, stability theory, economics, policy, and financial mathematics, as well as in all aspects of power system operation.
Reaction Kinetics: Mathematica for Deterministic and Stochastic Kinetics
by János Tóth Attila László Nagy Dávid PappFifty years ago, a new approach to reaction kinetics began to emerge: one based on mathematical models of reaction kinetics, or formal reaction kinetics. Since then, there has been a rapid and accelerated development in both deterministic and stochastic kinetics, primarily because mathematicians studying differential equations and algebraic geometry have taken an interest in the nonlinear differential equations of kinetics, which are relatively simple, yet capable of depicting complex behavior such as oscillation, chaos, and pattern formation. The development of stochastic models was triggered by the fact that novel methods made it possible to measure molecules individually. Now it is high time to make the results of the last half-century available to a larger audience: students of chemistry, chemical engineering and biochemistry, not to mention applied mathematics. Based on recent papers, this book presents the most important concepts and results, together with a wealth of solved exercises. The book is accompanied by the authors’ Mathematica package, ReactionKinetics, which helps both students and scholars in their everyday work, and which can be downloaded from http://extras.springer.com/ and also from the authors’ websites. Further, the large set of unsolved problems provided may serve as a springboard for individual research.
Nonlinear Programming Techniques for Equilibria (EURO Advanced Tutorials on Operational Research)
by Giancarlo Bigi Marco Castellani Massimo Pappalardo Mauro PassacantandoThis book considers a range of problems in operations research, which are formulated through various mathematical models such as complementarity, variational inequalities, multiobjective optimization, fixed point problems, noncooperative games and inverse optimization. Moreover, the book subsumes all these models under a common structure that allows them to be formulated in a unique format: the Ky Fan inequality. It subsequently focuses on this unifying equilibrium format, providing a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical results and solution algorithms, together with a wealth of applications and numerical examples. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of nonlinear optimization techniques – e.g. convex optimization, nonsmooth calculus, proximal point and descent algorithms – as valuable tools for analyzing and solving Ky Fan inequalities.
Coalgebraic Methods in Computer Science: 14th IFIP WG 1.3 International Workshop, CMCS 2018, Colocated with ETAPS 2018, Thessaloniki, Greece, April 14–15, 2018, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11202)
by Corina CîrsteaThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Coalgebraic Methods in Computer Science, CMCS 2018, colocated with ETAPS 2018, held in Thessaloniki, Greece, in April 2018.The 10 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 17 submissions. Also included are the extended abstracts of two keynotes/invited talks. The papers cover a wide range of topics in the theory, logics and applications of coalgebras.
Artificial Intelligence: 16th Russian Conference, RCAI 2018, Moscow, Russia, September 24-27, 2018, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #934)
by Sergei O. Kuznetsov Gennady S. Osipov Vadim L. StefanukThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th Russian Conference on Artificial Intelligence, RCAI 2018, Moscow, Russia, in September 2018. The 22 full papers presented along with 4 short papers in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 75 submissions. The conference deals with a wide range of topics, including data mining and knowledge discovery, text mining, reasoning, decision making, natural language processing, vision, intelligent robotics, multi-agent systems, machine learning, ontology engineering.
Introduction to Geometry and Topology (Compact Textbooks in Mathematics)
by Walker Stern Werner BallmannThis book provides an introduction to topology, differential topology, and differential geometry. It is based on manuscripts refined through use in a variety of lecture courses. The first chapter covers elementary results and concepts from point-set topology. An exception is the Jordan Curve Theorem, which is proved for polygonal paths and is intended to give students a first glimpse into the nature of deeper topological problems. The second chapter of the book introduces manifolds and Lie groups, and examines a wide assortment of examples. Further discussion explores tangent bundles, vector bundles, differentials, vector fields, and Lie brackets of vector fields. This discussion is deepened and expanded in the third chapter, which introduces the de Rham cohomology and the oriented integral and gives proofs of the Brouwer Fixed-Point Theorem, the Jordan-Brouwer Separation Theorem, and Stokes's integral formula. The fourth and final chapter is devoted to the fundamentals of differential geometry and traces the development of ideas from curves to submanifolds of Euclidean spaces. Along the way, the book discusses connections and curvature--the central concepts of differential geometry. The discussion culminates with the Gauß equations and the version of Gauß's theorema egregium for submanifolds of arbitrary dimension and codimension. This book is primarily aimed at advanced undergraduates in mathematics and physics and is intended as the template for a one- or two-semester bachelor's course.
Einführung in die Geometrie und Topologie (Mathematik Kompakt)
by Werner BallmannDas Buch bietet eine Einführung in die Topologie, Differentialtopologie und Differentialgeometrie. Nach einer Einführung in grundlegende Begriffe und Resultate aus der mengentheoretischen Topologie wird der Jordansche Kurvensatz für Polygonzüge bewiesen und damit eine erste Idee davon vermittelt, welcher Art tiefere topologische Probleme sind. Im zweiten Kapitel werden Mannigfaltigkeiten und Liesche Gruppen eingeführt und an einer Reihe von Beispielen veranschaulicht. Diskutiert werden auch Tangential- und Vektorraumbündel, Differentiale, Vektorfelder und Liesche Klammern von Vektorfeldern. Weiter vertieft wird diese Diskussion im dritten Kapitel, in dem die de Rhamsche Kohomologie und das orientierte Integral eingeführt und der Brouwersche Fixpunktsatz, der Jordan-Brouwersche Zerlegungssatz und die Integralformel von Stokes bewiesen werden. Das abschließende vierte Kapitel ist den Grundlagen der Differentialgeometrie gewidmet. Entlang der Entwicklungslinien, die die Geometrie der Kurven und Untermannigfaltigkeiten in Euklidischen Räumen durchlaufen hat, werden Zusammenhänge und Krümmung, die zentralen Konzepte der Differentialgeometrie, diskutiert. Den Höhepunkt bilden die Gaussgleichungen, die Version des theorema egregium von Gauss für Untermannigfaltigkeiten beliebiger Dimension und Kodimension.In der zweiten Auflage habe ich eine Reihe von Textstellen leicht überarbeitet und einige Fehler berichtigt.
Analytic Inequalities and Their Applications in PDEs (Operator Theory: Advances and Applications #241)
by Yuming QinThis book presents a number of analytic inequalities and their applications in partial differential equations. These include integral inequalities, differential inequalities and difference inequalities, which play a crucial role in establishing (uniform) bounds, global existence, large-time behavior, decay rates and blow-up of solutions to various classes of evolutionary differential equations. Summarizing results from a vast number of literature sources such as published papers, preprints and books, it categorizes inequalities in terms of their different properties.
Instructional Scaffolding in STEM Education: Strategies and Efficacy Evidence
by Brian R. BellandThis book uses meta-analysis to synthesize research on scaffolding and scaffolding-related interventions in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education. Specifically, the volume examines the extent to which study quality, assessment type, and scaffolding characteristics (strategy, intended outcome, fading schedule, scaffolding intervention, and paired intervention) influence cognitive student outcomes. It includes detailed descriptions of the theoretical foundations of scaffolding, scaffolding strategies that have been proposed to meet different intended learning outcomes in STEM, and associated efficacy information. Furthermore, the book describes assessment strategies and study designs which can be used to evaluate the influence of scaffolding, and suggests new fields in which scaffolding strategies that have proven efficacious may be used.
Steering Handbook
by Manfred Harrer Peter PfefferThis edited volume presents basic principles as well as advanced concepts of the computational modeling of steering systems. Moreover, the book includes the components and functionalities of modern steering system, which are presented comprehensively and in a practical way. The book is written by more than 15 leading experts from the automotive industry and its components suppliers. The target audience primarily comprises practicing engineers, developers, researchers as well as graduate students who want to specialize in this field.
System Reduction for Nanoscale IC Design (Mathematics in Industry #20)
by Peter BennerThis book describes the computational challenges posed by the progression toward nanoscale electronic devices and increasingly short design cycles in the microelectronics industry, and proposes methods of model reduction which facilitate circuit and device simulation for specific tasks in the design cycle.The goal is to develop and compare methods for system reduction in the design of high dimensional nanoelectronic ICs, and to test these methods in the practice of semiconductor development. Six chapters describe the challenges for numerical simulation of nanoelectronic circuits and suggest model reduction methods for constituting equations. These include linear and nonlinear differential equations tailored to circuit equations and drift diffusion equations for semiconductor devices. The performance of these methods is illustrated with numerical experiments using real-world data. Readers will benefit from an up-to-date overview of the latest model reduction methods in computational nanoelectronics.
Handbook of Model Checking
by Edmund M. Clarke Thomas A. Henzinger Helmut Veith Roderick BloemModel checking is a computer-assisted method for the analysis of dynamical systems that can be modeled by state-transition systems. Drawing from research traditions in mathematical logic, programming languages, hardware design, and theoretical computer science, model checking is now widely used for the verification of hardware and software in industry.The editors and authors of this handbook are among the world's leading researchers in this domain, and the 32 contributed chapters present a thorough view of the origin, theory, and application of model checking. In particular, the editors classify the advances in this domain and the chapters of the handbook in terms of two recurrent themes that have driven much of the research agenda: the algorithmic challenge, that is, designing model-checking algorithms that scale to real-life problems; and the modeling challenge, that is, extending the formalism beyond Kripke structures and temporal logic.The book will be valuable for researchers and graduate students engaged with the development of formal methods and verification tools.
Morphogenesis of Spatial Networks (Lecture Notes in Morphogenesis)
by Marc BarthelemyThis book develops a morphodynamical approach of spatial networks with a particular emphasis on infrastructure networks such as streets, roads and transportation networks (subway, train). The author presents the mathematical tools needed to characterize these structures and how they evolve in time. The book discusses the most important empirical results and stylized facts, and will present the most important models of spatial networks. The target audience primarily comprises research scientists interested in this rapidly evolving and highly interdisciplinary field, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students interested in large networks.
Geogames and Geoplay: Game-based Approaches to the Analysis of Geo-Information (Advances in Geographic Information Science)
by Ola Ahlqvist Christoph SchliederThis book brings together contributions from researchers, GIS professionals and game designers to provide a first overview of this highly interdisciplinary field. Its scope ranges from fundamentals about games and play, geographic information technologies, game design and culture, to current examples and forward looking analysis.Of interest to anyone interested in creating and using Geogames, this volume serves as a channel for sharing early experiences, discussing technological challenges and solutions, and outlines a future research agenda. Games and play are part of human life, and in many game activities, place, space and geography plays a central role in determining the rules and interactions that are characteristic of each game. Recent developments and widespread access to mobile information, communication, and geospatial technologies have spurred a flurry of developments, including many variations of gaming activities that are situated in, or otherwise connected to the real world.
Environmental Modeling with Stakeholders: Theory, Methods, and Applications
by Steven Gray Michael Paolisso Rebecca Jordan Stefan GrayThis volume brings together, in a central text, chapters written by leading scholars working at the intersection of modeling, the natural and social sciences, and public participation. This book presents the current state of knowledge regarding the theory and practice of engaging stakeholders in environmental modeling for decision-making, and includes basic theoretical considerations, an overview of methods and tools available, and case study examples of these principles and methods in practice. Although there has been a significant increase in research and development regarding participatory modeling, a unifying text that provides an overview of the different methodologies available to scholars and a systematic review of case study applications has been largely unavailable. This edited volume seeks to address a gap in the literature and provide a primer that addresses the growing demand to adopt and apply a range of modeling methods that includes the public in environmental assessment and management.The book is divided into two main sections. The first part of the book covers basic considerations for including stakeholders in the modeling process and its intersection with the theory and practice of public participation in environmental decision-making. The second part of the book is devoted to specific applications and products of the various methods available through case study examination. This second part of the book also provides insight from several international experts currently working in the field about their approaches, types of interactions with stakeholders, models produced, and the challenges they perceived based on their practical experiences.
Paradoxes in Aerohydrodynamics (Mathematical Engineering)
by Shakhbaz A. YershinThis book, on the general topic of hydroaerodynamics, investigates a number of exciting applications in this field, addressing specifically issues that allow seemingly paradoxical issues to be dealt with. The first part is devoted to the study of channel flows, in particular the lateral flow of a viscous and viscous-plastic liquid in a ring channel formed by coaxial cylinders. Specifically, the problem of dissipation of mechanical energy in channel flows of highly viscous liquids is addressed and solved. Furthermore, the mechanism leading to hydrodynamic erosion in intra-field pipelines (known as "channelized effect") is identified. Subsequently, a theory for channel flows with mass transfer through porous walls is developed.In the second part, viscous liquid free flows (jets) are investigated. In particular, a dispersion law for turbulent flow is derived and the existence of dynamic invariance in wake flows of variable density is demonstrated.The third part presents new insights from both theoretical and experimental research into concentrated vortex structure formation and development. The conditions for the existence of Taylor-Goertler vortices are determined and the mechanism for their formation is described. Last but not least, the theory of vortex rings, a particularly interesting problem in hydroaerodynamics, is introduced in the last section of this book. Care has been taken, when selecting original theoretical problems of interest, to make the link with related topics in the published literature. At the same time, all experimental research described in this book is given a meaningful physical interpretation and corroborated by suitable theoretical models and computations.
Overlapping Coalition Formation Games in Wireless Communication Networks (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering #0)
by Tianyu Wang Lingyang Song Walid Saad Zhu HanThis brief introduces overlapping coalition formation games (OCF games), a novel mathematical framework from cooperative game theory that can be used to model, design and analyze cooperative scenarios in future wireless communication networks. The concepts of OCF games are explained, and several algorithmic aspects are studied. In addition, several major application scenarios are discussed. These applications are drawn from a variety of fields that include radio resource allocation in dense wireless networks, cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks, and resource management for crowd sourcing. For each application, the use of OCF games is discussed in detail in order to show how this framework can be used to solve relevant wireless networking problems. Overlapping Coalition Formation Games in Wireless Communication Networks provides researchers, students and practitioners with a concise overview of existing works in this emerging area, exploring the relevant fundamental theories, key techniques, and significant applications.
Quantum Mechanics in Matrix Form (Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics)
by Günter LudykThis book gives an introduction to quantum mechanics with the matrix method. Heisenberg's matrix mechanics is described in detail. The fundamental equations are derived by algebraic methods using matrix calculus. Only a brief description of Schrödinger's wave mechanics is given (in most books exclusively treated), to show their equivalence to Heisenberg's matrix method. In the first part the historical development of Quantum theory by Planck, Bohr and Sommerfeld is sketched, followed by the ideas and methods of Heisenberg, Born and Jordan. Then Pauli's spin and exclusion principles are treated. Pauli's exclusion principle leads to the structure of atoms. Finally, Dirac´s relativistic quantum mechanics is shortly presented. Matrices and matrix equations are today easy to handle when implementing numerical algorithms using standard software as MAPLE and Mathematica.
Louis Boutet de Monvel, Selected Works (Contemporary Mathematicians)
by Victor W. Guillemin Johannes SjöstrandThis book features a selection of articles by Louis Boutet de Monvel and presents his contributions to the theory of partial differential equations and analysis. The works selected here reveal his central role in the development of his field, including three cornerstones: firstly, analytic pseudodifferential operators, which have become a fundamental aspect of analytic microlocal analysis, and secondly the Boutet de Monvel calculus for boundary problems for elliptic partial differential operators, which is still an important tool also in index theory. Thirdly, Boutet de Monvel was one of the first people to recognize the importance of the existence of generalized functions, whose singularities are concentrated on a single ray in phase space, which led him to make essential contributions to hypoelliptic operators and to a very successful and influential calculus of Toeplitz operators with applications to spectral and index theory.Other topics treated here include microlocal analysis, star products and deformation quantization as well as problems in several complex variables, index theory and geometric quantization. This book will appeal to both experts in the field and students who are new to this subject.
Singularities and Computer Algebra: Festschrift for Gert-Martin Greuel on the Occasion of his 70th Birthday (London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Ser. #324)
by Wolfram Decker Gerhard Pfister Mathias SchulzeThis book arose from a conference on “Singularities and Computer Algebra” which was held at the Pfalz-Akademie Lambrecht in June 2015 in honor of Gert-Martin Greuel’s 70th birthday. This unique volume presents a collection of recent original research by some of the leading figures in singularity theory on a broad range of topics including topological and algebraic aspects, classification problems, deformation theory and resolution of singularities. At the same time, the articles highlight a variety of techniques, ranging from theoretical methods to practical tools from computer algebra.Greuel himself made major contributions to the development of both singularity theory and computer algebra. With Gerhard Pfister and Hans Schönemann, he developed the computer algebra system SINGULAR, which has since become the computational tool of choice for many singularity theorists.The book addresses researchers whose work involves singularity theory and computer algebra from the PhD to expert level.
Modern Solvers for Helmholtz Problems (Geosystems Mathematics)
by Domenico Lahaye Jok Tang Kees VuikThis edited volume offers a state of the art overview of fast and robust solvers for the Helmholtz equation. The book consists of three parts:new developments and analysis in Helmholtz solvers, practical methods and implementations of Helmholtz solvers, and industrial applications.The Helmholtz equation appears in a wide range of science and engineering disciplines in which wave propagation is modeled. Examples are: seismic inversion, ultrasone medical imaging, sonar detection of submarines, waves in harbours and many more. The partial differential equation looks simple but is hard to solve. In order to approximate the solution of the problem numerical methods are needed. First a discretization is done. Various methods can be used: (high order) Finite Difference Method, Finite Element Method, Discontinuous Galerkin Method and Boundary Element Method. The resulting linear system is large, where the size of the problem increases with increasing frequency. Due to higher frequencies the seismic images need to be more detailed and, therefore, lead to numerical problems of a larger scale. To solve these three dimensional problems fast and robust, iterative solvers are required. However for standard iterative methods the number of iterations to solve the system becomes too large. For these reason a number of new methods are developed to overcome this hurdle.The book is meant for researchers both from academia and industry and graduate students. A prerequisite is knowledge on partial differential equations and numerical linear algebra.
Language in Complexity: The Emerging Meaning (Lecture Notes in Morphogenesis)
by Francesco La Mantia Ignazio Licata Pietro PercontiThis contributed volume explores the achievements gained and the remaining puzzling questions by applying dynamical systems theory to the linguistic inquiry. In particular, the book is divided into three parts, each one addressing one of the following topics: 1) Facing complexity in the right way: mathematics and complexity 2) Complexity and theory of language 3) From empirical observation to formal models: investigation of specific linguistic phenomena, like enunciation, deixis, or the meaning of the metaphorical phrases The application of complexity theory to describe cognitive phenomena is a recent and very promising trend in cognitive science. At the time when dynamical approaches triggered a paradigm shift in cognitive science some decade ago, the major topic of research were the challenges imposed by classical computational approaches dealing with the explanation of cognitive phenomena like consciousness, decision making and language. The target audience primarily comprises researchers and experts in the field but the book may also be beneficial for graduate and post-graduate students who want to enter the field.