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Selbststudium im digitalen Wandel: Digitales, begleitetes Selbststudium in der Mathematik – MINT meistern mit optes
Selbststudium ist ein wichtiges Element im Zuge der Digitalisierungsbestrebungen an Hochschulen. Das Projekt optes widmet sich dem digitalen, begleiteten Selbststudium im Fach Mathematik. Es bietet mit seinen webbasierten Angeboten die Möglichkeit, das Selbstlernen in der Studienvorbereitung zu unterstützen, um so die Abbruchquoten in MINT-Fächern zu reduzieren. Neben dem Studienvorbereitungsprogramm und Assessment-Tools in der Mathematik im Lernmanagementsystem ILIAS wurden in optes diverse Materialien zur Lernprozessbegleitung entwickelt, inklusive adaptiver Lernempfehlungen, diagnostischer Testverfahren zur Prüfung des Wissensstandes (vor und während des Studiums), Selbstreflexionstools und überfachlicher Lernmodule sowie persönliche E-Mentoring- und E-Tutoring-Programme. Der vorliegende Open-Access-Sammelband stellt die wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse und praktischen Umsetzungen aus dem Projektkontext von optes dar.
Selected Topics on Electron Physics (Physics of Atoms and Molecules)
In the spring of 1970 Peter Farago organised a three-day conference on Polarised Electron Beams at Carberry Tower, near Edinburgh. Although the development of the gallium arsenide source, which was to revolutionise the world of experimental polarised electron physics, was still some years in the future, the meeting provided an important forum for the exchange of ideas among theoreticians and experimentalists engaged in both high and low energy electron collision studies. As soon as the decision had been taken to hold the 5th European Conference on Atomic and Molecular Physics in Edinburgh in 1995, it occurred to the editors of the present volume that it would be highly appropriate to mark the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Carberry Tower Conference by organising an ECAMP satellite meeting in honour of Peter Farago. The opportunity to pay tribute to Peter's many important contributions in the broad field of electron physics attracted colleagues from allover the world to the symposium, which was held in the rooms of the Royal Society of Edinburgh on 31st March and 1st April 1995. Peter himself, now Professor Emeritus at the University of Edinburgh, was present throughout the meeting. We were particularly happy to welcome back to Edinburgh many participants in the original Carberry Tower conference; these included Professor P. G. Burke, Professor J. Kessler, Professor E. Reichert and Professor H. C. Siegmann, whose review papers had been highlights of the 1970 meeting.
Semigroup Theory and Evolution Equations: The Second International Conference
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Trends in Semigroup Theory and Evolution Equations held Sept. 1989, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands. Papers deal with recent developments in semigroup theory (e.g., positive, dual, integrated), and nonlinear evolution equations (e
Similarity
This diagram consists of two pairs of similar shapes; the two in the middle of the page are similar and the bottom two are also similar. A locator dot and title are shown. These must always be at the top left of the page when the image is the right way up. Similarity is a type of enlargement. The corresponding sides are in the same ratio - the ratio is the scale factor of the enlargement.
Similarity
This diagram consists of two pairs of similar shapes; the two in the middle of the page are similar and the bottom two are also similar. A locator dot and title are shown. These must always be at the top left of the page when the image is the right way up. Similarity is a type of enlargement. The corresponding sides are in the same ratio - the ratio is the scale factor of the enlargement.
Similarity
This diagram consists of two pairs of similar shapes; the two in the middle of the page are similar and the bottom two are also similar. A locator dot and title are shown. These must always be at the top left of the page when the image is the right way up. Similarity is a type of enlargement. The corresponding sides are in the same ratio - the ratio is the scale factor of the enlargement.
Smittestopp − A Case Study on Digital Contact Tracing (Simula SpringerBriefs on Computing #11)
This open access book describes Smittestopp, the first Norwegian system for digital contact tracing of Covid-19 infections, which was developed in March and early April 2020. The system was deployed after five weeks of development and was active for a little more than two months, when a drop in infection levels in Norway and privacy concerns led to shutting it down. The intention of this book is twofold. First, it reports on the design choices made in the development phase. Second, as one of the only systems in the world that collected population data into a central database and which was used for an entire population, we can share experience on how the design choices impacted the system's operation. By sharing lessons learned and the challenges faced during the development and deployment of the technology, we hope that this book can be a valuable guide for experts from different domains, such as big data collection and analysis, application development, and deployment in a national population, as well as digital tracing.
The Social Sciences of Quantification: From Politics of Large Numbers to Target-Driven Policies (Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning #13)
This book details how quantification can serve both as evidence and as an instrument of government, whether when dealing with statistics on employment, occupational health and economic governance, or when developing public management or target-driven policies. In the process, it presents a thought-provoking homage to Alain Desrosières, who pioneered ways to study large numbers and the politics underlying them.It opens with a summary of Desrosières's contributions to the field in which several generations of researchers detail how this statistician and historian profoundly influenced them. This tribute, based on personal testimonies, bears witness to the vitality of the school of thought and analytical framework Desrosières initiated. Next, a collection of essays explores the statistical argument in the neoliberal era, examining issues such as counting the homeless in Europe, measuring the performance of public services, and quantifying the effects of public action on the unemployed in France.The third part details the uses of quantification. It reveals that although statistics are frequently used to the advantage of those in power, they can also play a vital role in challenging and resisting both the conventions underlying the measurements as well as the measurements themselves.Featuring the work of economists, historians, political scientists, sociologists, and statisticians, this title provides readers with a thoughtful look at an influential figure in the history of statistics. It also shows how statistics are used to direct public policy, the degree of conflict that is possible in their production, and the disputes that can develop around their uses.
Sozialwissenschaftliche Datenerhebung im digitalen Zeitalter (Schriftenreihe der ASI - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sozialwissenschaftlicher Institute)
Neue Möglichkeiten der Datenerhebung mittels digitaler Technologien, aber auch die Verfügbarkeit prozessproduzierter Daten, die bei der Nutzung sozialer Medien, Smartphones oder sogenannter Wearables anfallen, bergen ein enormes Potenzial für die empirische Sozialforschung. Es erscheint vor diesem Hintergrund nicht übertrieben von einer digitalen Revolution in den Sozialwissenschaften zu sprechen, welche die empirische Sozialforschung mit neuen Herausforderungen und Fragestellungen konfrontiert. Der vorliegende Sammelband widmet sich diesem Themenkomplex mit überblicksartigen Beiträgen, Untersuchungen zur Datenqualität und praxisnahen Anwendungsbeispielen.
Special Functions in Fractional Calculus and Engineering (Mathematics and its Applications)
Special functions play a very important role in solving various families of ordinary and partial differential equations as well as their fractional-order analogs, which model real-life situations. Owing to the non-local nature and memory effect, fractional calculus is capable of modeling many situations which arise in engineering. This book includes a collection of related topics associated with such equations and their relevance and significance in engineering. Special Functions in Fractional Calculus and Engineering highlights the significance and applicability of special functions in solving fractional-order differential equations with engineering applications. This book focuses on the non-local nature and memory effect of fractional calculus in modeling relevant to engineering science and covers a variety of important and useful methods using special functions for solving various types of fractional-order models relevant to engineering science. This book goes on to illustrate the applicability and usefulness of special functions by justifying their numerous and widespread occurrences in the solution of fractional-order differential, integral, and integrodifferential equations.This book holds a wide variety of interconnected fundamental and advanced topics with interdisciplinary applications that combine applied mathematics and engineering sciences, which are useful to graduate students, Ph.D. scholars, researchers, and educators interested in special functions, fractional calculus, mathematical modeling, and engineering.
Spiel und Bürgerlichkeit: Passagen des Spiels I (Edition Angewandte)
Spiele verändern sich. Sie sind der Wunsch- und Zerrspiegel jeder Gesellschaft, die sie spielt. In der Kultur der Bürgerlichkeit geraten viele Spiele in eine „Zone wachsamer Aufmerksamkeit" (D. Kühme) und sind einem vielgestaltigen kulturellen Transformationsprozess unterworfen: Spiele werden missliebig oder verboten, sie werden lehrreich und schön, ihre Obszönität wird domestiziert oder ihr Betrieb verstaatlicht."Spiel und Bürgerlichkeit" ist den Veränderungen in der Grammatik und Semantik der Spiele gewidmet. Die Beiträge reichen von Cardanos Theorie des Glücksspiels in der frühen Neuzeit, den Karten-, Brett- und Gesellschaftsspiele im Bürgertum, dem Aufstieg und dem Verschwinden der Lotterien, über die Betrachtung der Geschlechterrollen im Spiel und der Funktion von Spielervereinigungen bis zur Analyse der Topografie und Architektur der Kasinos am Mississippi zu Zeiten Mark Twains.Ergänzt wird das Werk durch eine ausführliche Bild- und Lesestrecke, die Einschau ins Archiv der bürgerlichen Spiele nimmt und seltene Bilder und Textauszüge aus Spielebüchern und -traktaten der Zeit präsentiert.
Statistical Inference in Stochastic Processes
Covering both theory and applications, this collection of eleven contributed papers surveys the role of probabilistic models and statistical techniques in image analysis and processing, develops likelihood methods for inference about parameters that determine the drift and the jump mechanism of a di
Statistical Methods in Epilepsy (Chapman & Hall/CRC Interdisciplinary Statistics)
Epilepsy research promises new treatments and insights into brain function, but statistics and machine learning are paramount for extracting meaning from data and enabling discovery. Statistical Methods in Epilepsy provides a comprehensive introduction to statistical methods used in epilepsy research. Written in a clear, accessible style by leading authorities, this textbook demystifies introductory and advanced statistical methods, providing a practical roadmap that will be invaluable for learners and experts alike.Topics include a primer on version control and coding, pre-processing of imaging and electrophysiological data, hypothesis testing, generalized linear models, survival analysis, network analysis, time-series analysis, spectral analysis, spatial statistics, unsupervised and supervised learning, natural language processing, prospective trial design, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling, and randomized clinical trials.Features: Provides a comprehensive introduction to statistical methods employed in epilepsy research Divided into four parts: Basic Processing Methods for Data Analysis; Statistical Models for Epilepsy Data Types; Machine Learning Methods; and Clinical Studies Covers methodological and practical aspects, as well as worked-out examples with R and Python code provided in the online supplement Includes contributions by experts in the field The handbook targets clinicians, graduate students, medical students, and researchers who seek to conduct quantitative epilepsy research. The topics covered extend broadly to quantitative research in other neurological specialties and provide a valuable reference for the field of neurology.
Statistical Physics, Optimization, Inference, and Message-Passing Algorithms: Lecture Notes of the Les Houches School of Physics: Special Issue, October 2013 (Lecture Notes of the Les Houches Summer School)
In the last decade, there have been an increasing convergence of interest and methods between theoretical physics and fields as diverse as probability, machine learning, optimization and compressed sensing. In particular, many theoretical and applied works in statistical physics and computer science have relied on the use of message passing algorithms and their connection to statistical physics of spin glasses. The aim of this book, especially adapted to PhD students, post-docs, and young researchers, is to present the background necessary for entering this fast developing field.
Statistische Datenanalyse im Journalismus: Fallstudien und wissenschaftliche Anforderungen zum Einsatz fortgeschrittener statistischer Methoden
Dieses Buch zeigt anhand von journalistischen Fallbeispielen, warum und wie fortgeschrittene statistische Analysemethoden eingesetzt werden können, um aussagekräftige journalistische Informationen aus Daten zu extrahieren. Gleichzeitig setzt das Buch einen Anforderungsrahmen für die datenjournalistische Arbeit bezüglich Datenkompetenz und -visualisierung, dem Einsatz von Algorithmen sowie daten-ethischen Anforderungen und der Überprüfung externer Studien. Ziel ist es, die Qualität und Aussagekraft datenjournalistischer Arbeiten zu verbessern, welche, neben der angemessenen Erfassung und Aufbereitung von Daten, wesentlich von einer adäquaten Datenanalyse abhängen. Aber wie statistisch arbeiten Datenjournalist:innen heute eigentlich? Und wie statistisch können oder sollten sie arbeiten, um den Ansprüchen ihrer Leserschaft in Sachen Verständlichkeit gerecht zu werden, auch mit Blick auf deren unterschiedliches mathematisch-statisches Vorwissen? Das Buch zielt darauf ab, diese Fragen zu beantworten, indem es weiterführende statistische Methoden anhand von Fallstudien untersucht. Es verdeutlicht, warum diese Methoden auch im journalistischen Kontext oftmals problemangemessener sind und tiefer gehende Erkenntnisse liefern als vereinfachte Analysen und Basismethoden. Die Fallstudien decken dabei die wichtigsten statistischen Methoden ab: Verteilungen und Tests, Klassifikation, Regression, Zeitreihenanalyse, Clusteranalyse, Analyse von sequentiellen Daten ohne direkten Zeitbezug, Verwendung von Vorwissen und geplante Studien.
Stochastic Analysis, Filtering, and Stochastic Optimization: A Commemorative Volume to Honor Mark H. A. Davis's Contributions
This volume is a collection of research works to honor the late Professor Mark H.A. Davis, whose pioneering work in the areas of Stochastic Processes, Filtering, and Stochastic Optimization spans more than five decades. Invited authors include his dissertation advisor, past collaborators, colleagues, mentees, and graduate students of Professor Davis, as well as scholars who have worked in the above areas. Their contributions may expand upon topics in piecewise deterministic processes, pathwise stochastic calculus, martingale methods in stochastic optimization, filtering, mean-field games, time-inconsistency, as well as impulse, singular, risk-sensitive and robust stochastic control.
Stochastic Differential Systems, Stochastic Control Theory and Applications: Proceedings of a Workshop, held at IMA, June 9-19, 1986 (The IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications #10)
This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS, STOCHASTIC CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS is the proceedings of a workshop which was an integral part of the 1986-87 IMA program on STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS. We are grateful to the Scientific Committee: Daniel Stroock (Chairman) WendeIl Flerning Theodore Harris Pierre-Louis Lions Steven Orey George Papanicolaou for planning and implementing an exciting and stimulating year-long program. We es pecially thank WendeIl Fleming and Pierre-Louis Lions for organizing an interesting and productive workshop in an area in which mathematics is beginning to make significant contributions to real-world problems. George R. Seil Hans Weinberger PREFACE This volume is the Proceedings of a Workshop on Stochastic Differential Systems, Stochastic Control Theory, and Applications held at IMA June 9-19,1986. The Workshop Program Commit tee consisted of W.H. Fleming and P.-L. Lions (co-chairmen), J. Baras, B. Hajek, J.M. Harrison, and H. Sussmann. The Workshop emphasized topics in the following four areas. (1) Mathematical theory of stochastic differential systems, stochastic control and nonlinear filtering for Markov diffusion processes. Connections with partial differential equations. (2) Applications of stochastic differential system theory, in engineering and management sci ence. Adaptive control of Markov processes. Advanced computational methods in stochas tic control and nonlinear filtering. (3) Stochastic scheduling, queueing networks, and related topics. Flow control, multiarm bandit problems, applications to problems of computer networks and scheduling of complex manufacturing operations.
Stochastic Lagrangian Models of Turbulent Diffusion (Meteorological Monographs)
This book is intended to give atmospheric scientists a basic understanding of the physical and mathematical foundations of stochastic Lagrangian models of turbulent diffusion. It presents the reader with the historical context of the topic, and it provides definitions, criteria and applications for stochastic diffusion.
Studies in the History of Indian Mathematics (Culture And History Of Mathematics)
This volume is the outcome of a seminar on the history of mathematics held at the Chennai Mathematical Institute during January-February 2008 and contains articles based on the talks of distinguished scholars both from the West and from India. The topics covered include: (1) geometry in the oulvasatras; (2) the origins of zero (which can be traced to ideas of lopa in Paoini's grammar); (3) combinatorial methods in Indian music (which were developed in the context of prosody and subsequently applied to the study of tonal and rhythmic patterns in music); (4) a cross-cultural view of the development of negative numbers (from Brahmagupta (c. 628 CE) to John Wallis (1685 CE); (5) Kunnaka, Bhavana and Cakravala (the techniques developed by Indian mathematicians for the solution of indeterminate equations); (6) the development of calculus in India (covering the millennium-long history of discoveries culminating in the work of the Kerala school giving a complete analysis of the basic calculus of polynomial and trigonometrical functions); (7) recursive methods in Indian mathematics (going back to Paoini's grammar and culminating in the recursive proofs found in the Malayalam text Yuktibhaua (1530 CE)); and (8) planetary and lunar models developed by the Kerala School of Astronomy. The articles in this volume cover a substantial portion of the history of Indian mathematics and astronomy. This book will serve the dual purpose of bringing to the international community a better perspective of the mathematical heritage of India and conveying the message that much work remains to be done, namely the study of many unexplored manuscripts still available in libraries in India and abroad.
Studium Integrale (iff-Texte #6)
Verschiedene Versuche, ein "Studium Integrale" zu installieren, gelten heute unter WissenschaftlerInnen als gescheitert. Die Disziplinen sind derart vielfältig, sie sprengen jede Verbindung. Das Problem der Orientierung angesichts der Fülle bleibt jedoch bestehen. Eine Gruppe von WissenschaftlerInnen befasst sich seit einigen Jahren mit der Entwicklung eines "integrierenden" Studienprogramms; eines Programms, das in Ergänzung zu bestehenden Fachstudien den Blick über die jeweiligen Grenzen ermöglichen soll. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass wissenschaftliche Allgemeinbildung eine gesellschaftliche Funktion erfüllt, die dringend gebraucht wird um einen vernünftigen Umgang mit Fach-Expertisen zu ermöglichen. Eine weitere Besonderheit des Programms wäre die Sichtbarmachung geistes- und naturwissenschaftlicher Kulturen, die über die Wissenschaften hinaus wirksam sind.
Surveys in Theoretical High Energy Physics - 2: Lecture Notes from SERC Schools (Texts and Readings in Physical Sciences #15)
The book presents pedagogical reviews of important topics on high energy physics to the students and researchers in particle physics. The book also discusses topics on the Quark–Gluon plasma, thermal field theory, perturbative quantum chromodynamics, anomalies and cosmology. Students of particle physics need to be well-equipped with basic understanding of many concepts underlying the standard models of particle physics and cosmology. This is particularly true today when experimental results from colliders, such as large hadron collider (LHC) and relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC), as well as inferences from cosmological observations, are expected to further expand our understanding of particle physics at high energies. This volume is the second in the Surveys in Theoretical High Energy Physics Series (SThEP). Topics covered in this book are based on lectures delivered at the SERC Schools in Theoretical High Energy Physics at the Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, and the University of Hyderabad.
Symplectic Geometry: A Festschrift in Honour of Claude Viterbo’s 60th Birthday
Over the course of his distinguished career, Claude Viterbo has made a number of groundbreaking contributions in the development of symplectic geometry/topology and Hamiltonian dynamics. The chapters in this volume – compiled on the occasion of his 60th birthday – are written by distinguished mathematicians and pay tribute to his many significant and lasting achievements.
Teilhabe im Alter gestalten: Aktuelle Themen der Sozialen Gerontologie (Dortmunder Beiträge zur Sozialforschung)
Die AutorInnen dieses Sammelbandes untersuchen zentrale Themen der sozialen Gerontologie mit dem Blick auf Teilhabe im Alter: Armut und Lebensstandardsicherung, Migration, Wohnen, Bildung und Lernen, Mobilität, Technik, Seniorenwirtschaft, betriebliches Alternsmanagement, Erwerbsarbeit Älterer, informelle und formelle Unterstützungssysteme, Generationenbeziehungen, Vereinbarkeit von Erwerbstätigkeit und Pflege, gesundheitliche und pflegerische Versorgung, Personalbedarf in Altenarbeit und -pflege, quartiersbezogene Altenpolitik und -arbeit, Demografiekonzepte, politische und soziale Partizipation. Eingeordnet werden die Beiträge in die Zusammenhänge von Lebensqualität, sozialen Innovationen und Kritischer Gerontologie. Deutlich werden neue Sichtweisen auf das Alter sowie Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für Forschung, Praxis und Politik.
Theory and Applications of Liquid Crystals (The IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications #5)
This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications AMORPHOUS POLYMERS AND NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS is in part the proceedings of a workshop which was an integral part of the 1984-85 IMA program on CONTINUUM PHYSICS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS We are grateful to the Scientific Committee: Haim Brezis Constantine Dafermos Jerry Eri cksen David Kinderlehrer for planning and implementing an exciting and stimulating year-long program. We espe cially thank the Program Organizers, Jerry Ericksen, David Kinderlehrer, Stephen Prager and Matthew Tirrell for organizing a workshop which brought together scientists and mathematicians in a variety of areas for a fruitful exchange of ideas. George R. Sell Hans Weinberger Preface The diversity of experimental phenomena and the range of applications of liquid crystals present timely and challenging questions for experimentalists, mechanists, and mathematicians. The scope of this workshop was to bring together research workers and practitioners in these areas from laboratories, industry, and universities to explore common issues. The contents of this volume vary from descriptions of experimental phenomena, of which our understanding is insufficient, to questions of a mathematical nature and of efficient computation.
Theory of Evolutionary Computation: Recent Developments in Discrete Optimization (Natural Computing Series)
This edited book reports on recent developments in the theory of evolutionary computation, or more generally the domain of randomized search heuristics. It starts with two chapters on mathematical methods that are often used in the analysis of randomized search heuristics, followed by three chapters on how to measure the complexity of a search heuristic: black-box complexity, a counterpart of classical complexity theory in black-box optimization; parameterized complexity, aimed at a more fine-grained view of the difficulty of problems; and the fixed-budget perspective, which answers the question of how good a solution will be after investing a certain computational budget. The book then describes theoretical results on three important questions in evolutionary computation: how to profit from changing the parameters during the run of an algorithm; how evolutionary algorithms cope with dynamically changing or stochastic environments; and how population diversity influences performance. Finally, the book looks at three algorithm classes that have only recently become the focus of theoretical work: estimation-of-distribution algorithms; artificial immune systems; and genetic programming. Throughout the book the contributing authors try to develop an understanding for how these methods work, and why they are so successful in many applications. The book will be useful for students and researchers in theoretical computer science and evolutionary computing.