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The American Counter-Revolution in Favor of Liberty: How Americans Resisted Modern State, 1765–1850
by Ivan JankovicThis book presents the case that the origins of American liberty should not be sought in the constitutional-reformist feats of its “statesmen” during the 1780s, but rather in the political and social resistance to their efforts. There were two revolutions occurring in the late 18th century America: the modern European revolution “in favour of government,” pursuing national unity, “energetic” government and centralization of power (what scholars usually dub “American founding”); and a conservative, reactionary counter-revolution “in favour of liberty,” defending local rights and liberal individualism against the encroaching political authority. This is a book about this liberal counter-revolution and its ideological, political and cultural sources and central protagonists. The central analytical argument of the book is that America before the Revolution was a stateless, spontaneous political order that evolved culturally, politically and economically in isolation from the modern European trends of state-building and centralization of power. The book argues, then, that a better model for understanding America is a “decoupled modernization” hypothesis, in which social modernity is divested from the politics of modern state and tied with the pre-modern social institutions.
Popular Support for Democracy in Unified Germany: Critical Democrats (New Perspectives in German Political Studies)
by Ross CampbellThis book examines attitudes towards democracy in the Federal Republic of Germany. By drawing on extensive survey evidence, it charts Germans’ changing views of the political system prior to and following unification. The study examines four aspects of the political system: how it functions overall, attitudes towards the Basic Law, trust in representative institutions, and views of the European Union. Rather than accepting or rejecting democracy, the research shows how Germans merge shades of criticism and support. In addition, it pinpoints the factors that condition support, showing how it is influenced by durable and changeable stimuli. Overall, the findings challenge suggestions of a crisis of democracy but they also demonstrate that support is particularly low towards aspects of the European Union. This book appeals to readers interested in public opinion and democracy in Germany, along with those interested in the changing relationship between citizens and the state.
Marxist Historical Cultures and Social Movements during the Cold War: Case Studies from Germany, Italy and Other Western European States (Palgrave Studies in the History of Social Movements)
by Stefan Berger Christoph CornelissenThis book explores the relationship between diverse social movements and Marxist historical cultures during the second half of the twentieth century in Western Europe, with special emphasis on the Federal Republic of Germany and Italy. During the Cold War, Marxist ideas and understandings of history informed not only the traditional Communist Parties in Western Europe, but also influenced a range of new social movements that emerged in the 1970s in the wake of the 1968 student rebellions. The generation of 1968 was strongly influenced by neo-Marxist ideas that they subsequently carried into the new social movements. The volume asks how Marxist historical cultures influenced third world movements, anti-fascist movements, the peace movement and a whole host of other new social movements that signaled a new vibrancy of civil society in Western Europe from the 1970s onwards.
Political and Economic Transition in Russia: Predatory Raiding, Privatization Reforms, and Property Rights
by Ararat L. OsipianThis book analyzes privatization reforms, property rights, and raiders in post-Soviet Russia. The author surveys the existing literature in the context of predatory raiding in Russia and introduces the notion and concept of this phenomena; he suggests that the study may serve as an explanatory model for corporate, property, and land raiding in Russia. Building on previous scholarship, this monograph conceptualizes the predatory character of corporate hostile takeovers in Russia and links it with the coercive nature of the ruling authoritarian regime. This project will appeal to scholars, graduate students, and researchers in Russian and Post-Soviet politics, capitalism, corruption, and property rights.
The Faceless Terrorist: A Study of Critical Events in Tajikistan (Transcultural Research – Heidelberg Studies on Asia and Europe in a Global Context)
by Sophie RocheHow could a person portrayed as a terrorist by the Tajik state also be seen as a mujahid fighter in Islam and be a cousin all at the same time? Is this just a matter of perspective and conceptualization? To believe in the protection of concepts to safeguard groups and individuals from the uncertain character of the world, is to deny the existence of chance and the contradictions in life. This book uses approaches from existential anthropology to enquire into the question of how concepts and experiences relate. The focus is on the way the notions jihad, mujahid and terrorism were used during a military intervention in Tajikistan in 2010. The book includes long-term ethnographic material, popular pamphlets on Islam and an internet analysis of the conflict, offering new insights into how concepts and experiences relate. Since the end of the Soviet Union, the people from the republic Tajikistan have struggled to find a place in the larger Muslim world, a painful process unfolding in relation to global events, discourses and politics. The primary readership for the book will come from academia and policy makers. The book presents novel material on a fascinating and highly important topic, the nature of ostensibly Islamist political violence against the state in Tajikistan. John Heathershaw
Rent-Seekers, Profits, Wages and Inequality: The Top 20%
by Péter Mihályi Iván SzelényiMihályi and Szelényi provide a timely contribution to contemporary debates about inequality of incomes and wealth, offering a careful examination of various sources of rent in contemporary societies, and considering several policy options to reduce inequality in order to preserve the meritocratic nature of liberal democracies. While Rent-Seekers, Profits, Wages and Inequality acknowledges the rapid and disturbing increase of incomes and wealth in the top 1 or 0.1%, it focuses on the increasing rent component of incomes and wealth in the top 20% as even more consequential. The attention to cutting-edge issues on inequality in macroeconomics, political science and sociology will appeal to social scientists interested in income distribution and wealth accumulation.
Peacebuilding in the United Nations: Coming into Life (Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies)
by Fernando CavalcanteThis book traces the trajectory and different meanings of the concept of peacebuilding in the United Nations since the early 1990s. It analyses how that concept gained life in a particular context and the implications of this process for the Organisation’s support to societies affected by armed conflict in general and for peace operations in particular. Departing from tenets about the influence of ideas in world politics and engaging with the critique of the liberal peace scholarship, the book provides a theoretically informed narrative of how peacebuilding acquired different meanings while remaining largely motivated, justified, legitimated and informed by a proactive and top-down agenda of promoting liberal democratic institutions, norms and values as a remedy to the challenges faced by societies affected by armed conflict. The book will appeal to scholars, policymakers and practitioners in peacebuilding and post-conflict development.
Implementation Science 3.0
by Bianca Albers Aron Shlonsky Robyn MildonThis textbook presents a much-needed overview of the recent developments in implementation science — a discipline that is young, has gained increasing attention in recent years, and has experienced substantial and rapid growth in knowledgeproduction and debate. It captures the latest developments in research and pushes the reader toward the next phase for implementation science: bridging the science-to-practice divide. Drawing from multidisciplinary, international research by top scholars in the field, this book provides a critical but friendly approach to understanding what implementation science is, what it isn’t, and where it’s going.Topics include:• Factors associated with effective implementation• Organizational context and readiness for change• Implementation theories, models, and frameworks• Enhancing implementation measurement• Bringing interventions to scale• Closing the science-practice gap in implementationImplementation Science 3.0 is a timely, important resource for researchers, students, and others with an interest in implementation working across the fields of social welfare,public health, education, and psychology.The chapter “Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks”,in which some modifications to the text were made, is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License in Nilsen, P. (2015). Implementation Science, 10(53), via link.springer.com.
Austerity, Youth Policy and the Deconstruction of the Youth Service in England
by Bernard DaviesThis timely book presents a vital analysis of the politics, policy and practice of youth work services in England and the impacts of the austerity agenda introduced after the 2007-08 financial crisis. Davies frames his research within the ideological, political and economic context of the last decade, contemplating the prescriptions of neoliberalism, and various other socio-political developments. He illustrates how wider government policies, programmes and initiatives have marred the purposes and methods of the Youth Service and youth work facilities, forging connections with what this means for young people and youth work. Unique in its depth and detail, this book is one of the first comprehensive, evidenced and up-to-date accounts of UK Youth Policy. It is an essential and invaluable resource for youth educators, researchers, service managers, practitioners and activists, as well as scholars and students of youth studies, social policy, public policy, and history.
Photography and the Non-Place: The Cultural Erasure of the City
by Jim BrogdenThis book presents a critical and aesthetic defence of “non-place” as an act of cultural reclamation. Through the restorative properties of photography, it re-conceptualises the cultural significance of non-place. The non-place is often referred to as “wasteland”, and is usually avoided. The sites investigated in this book are located where access and ownership are often ambiguous or in dispute; they are places of cultural forgetting. Drawing on the author’s own photographic research-led practice, as well as material from photographers such as Ed Ruscha, Joel Sternfeld and Richard Misrach, this study employs a deliberately allusive intertexuality to offer a unique insight into the contested notions surrounding landscape representation. Ultimately, it argues that the non-place has the potential to reveal a version of England that raises questions about identity, loss, memory, landscape valorisation, and, perhaps most importantly, how we are to arrive at a more meaningful place.
The Changing Shape of Politics: Rethinking Left and Right in a New Britain
by Jonathan WheatleyThis book investigates whether politics in Britain in the twenty-first century is driven more by issues of culture and identity than by “left versus right” issues of wealth distribution. Drawing from a number of opinion surveys, it explores the shifting positions of voters on both economic matters and matters of culture and identity. It finds that between 2015 and 2017 support for Britain's main political parties became much more predicated on issues of culture and identity, reflecting a radical change in how parties attract voters. In the longer-term, it suggests that issues of culture and identity have become more salient overall, possibly because of the oft-cited divide between winners and losers of globalisation. The book ends by speculating on why politics has become more polarised on these issues, rather than on the economic fallout of globalisation, and suggests that an explanation is to be found in changing forms of political communication between voters and politicians.
Re-Inventing Africa's Development: Linking Africa to the Korean Development Model
by Jong-Dae ParkThis open access book analyses the development problems of sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) from the eyes of a Korean diplomat with knowledge of the economic growth Korea has experienced in recent decades. The author argues that Africa's development challenges are not due to a lack of resources but a lack of management, presenting an alternative to the traditional view that Africa's problems are caused by a lack of leadership. In exploring an approach based on mind-set and nation-building, rather than unity – which tends to promote individual or party interests rather than the broader country or national interests – the author suggests new solutions for SSA's economic growth, inspired by Korea's successful economic growth model much of which is focused on industrialisation. This book will be of interest to researchers, policymakers, NGOs and governmental bodies in economics, development and politics studying Africa's economic development, and Korea's economic growth model.
Governance for Structural Transformation in Africa
by Adam B. Elhiraika Gamal Ibrahim William DavisThis book explores how better governance can help Africa to achieve structural transformation (understood to be the reallocation of factors of production across and within sectors to better support inclusive development), which history has shown to be key to sustained, inclusive growth. The book begins with a review of the existing literature on the links between governance and structural transformation and the success or otherwise of various sub regions in achieving structural transformation. It continues with a range of contributors addressing original empirical research on the relationships between different approaches to institutions and trade and industrial policies and structural transformation in Africa. The book makes recommendations for a new approach to governance in Africa that can deliver the structural transformation that the continent needs for Africans to enjoy shared prosperity, poverty reduction and development.
Designing Social Science Research
by Oddbjørn BukveThis book presents different research designs, their respective purposes and merits as well as their underlying assumptions. Research designs are characterised by a certain combination of knowledge aims and strategies for data production. An adequate design is the key to carrying out a successful research project. Nevertheless, the literature on design is scarce, compared to the literature on methods. This book clarifies the basic distinction between variable-oriented designs and case designs, and proceeds to integrated, comparative and intervention-oriented designs. A step-by-step guide to the design process and the choices to make is also included. The book's clear style makes it an excellent guide for master students and PhD students doing their first research exercises, while it is also useful for more experienced researchers who want to broaden their design repertoire and keep up to recent innovations in the field of research design.
Palestine - Peace by Piece: Transformative Conflict Resolution for Land and Trans-boundary Water Resources
by Ahmed AbukhaterThis book draws lessons and conclusions, based on the methodology outlined in the author's previous book, Water as a Catalyst for Peace (Routledge, 2013), and further charts the course to a more practical framework for achieving regional stability and justice. Past agreements are examined and analysed, outlining the change along the way that occurred to the land and people of Palestine. The book is written with the intention of exposing past events that led to the current situation, evaluating the current state of the conflict in light of new circumstances and the reality on the ground. Viable options are explored to seek a practical and satisfactory negotiated settlement that ensures justice and viability. In conclusion, a roadmap for future direction is proposed to achieve equitable water allocation through proper negotiation between Israel and Palestine and to ultimately settle the conflict. Water resources allocation is at the heart of this pragmatic framework and roadmap.
Demography, Politics, and Partisan Polarization in the United States, 1828–2016 (Spatial Demography Book Series #2)
by David Darmofal Ryan StricklerThis book examines the geography of partisan polarization, or the Reds and Blues, of the political landscape in the United States. It places the current schism between Democrats and Republicans within a historical context and presents a theoretical framework that offers unique insights into the American electorate. The authors focus on the demographic and political causes of polarization at the local level across space and time. This is accomplished with the aid of a comprehensive dataset that includes the presidential election results for every county in the continental United States, from the advent of Jacksonian democracy in 1828 to the 2016 election. In addition, coverage applies spatial diagnostics, spatial lag models and spatial error models to determine why contemporary and historical elections in the United States have exhibited their familiar, but heretofore unexplained, political geography. Both popular observers and scholars alike have expressed concern that citizens are becoming increasingly polarized and, as a consequence, that democratic governance is beginning to break down. This book argues that once current levels of polarization are placed within a historical context, the future does not look quite so bleak. Overall, readers will discover that partisan division is a dynamic process in large part due to the complex interplay between changing demographics and changing politics.
British Capitalism After the Crisis (Building a Sustainable Political Economy: SPERI Research & Policy)
by Scott LaveryThe 2008 financial crisis rocked British capitalism to its foundations. More than a decade after the crash, the country is still dealing with its consequences. This book explores the extent to which British capitalism has been reconfigured in this tumultuous period. Advancing an in-depth analysis of the political economy of New Labour, the Coalition and the period after Brexit, the book argues that deep structural weaknesses have been re-embedded within British capitalism. The Coalition promised to eliminate the deficit in one parliament and to ‘rebalance’ the British economy. It did neither. Instead, real wages slumped, uneven development intensified and productivity stagnated. An era of volatile post-crisis politics - exemplified by Brexit, the May government and the rise of Corbyn - emerged in this context, threatening the foundations of the old order. This book is required reading for students and scholars interested in the fractious political economy of British capitalism after the crisis.“Lavery’s book on the flawed political economy of Britain’s hybrid variant of capitalism after the 2008 financial crisis is a tour de force. It is theoretically sophisticated, historically informed, conjuncturally nuanced, empirically robust and provides a solid basis for analysing developments following the Brexit debacle, whatever these might be.”—Bob Jessop, Lancaster University, UK“If you are not yet familiar with Scott Lavery’s work, you very soon will be, as it is becoming increasingly difficult to overlook. With a clear mastery of both the politics and the economics of Coalition attempts to reduce the size of the state, Lavery shows with compelling precision how far and how quickly post-crisis Britain travelled from New Labour’s previous ‘one nation’ approach to macroeconomic governance.”—Professor Matthew Watson, University of Warwick, UK“British capitalism was changed but not reformed after the financial crisis, and its deep pathologies now find expression in political volatility and ideological polarisation. In a persuasive and rich analysis Scott Lavery shows how we got to this point and what the future might hold.”—Andrew Gamble, University of Sheffield, UK
Building Development Studies for the New Millennium (EADI Global Development Series)
by Isa Baud Elisabetta Basile Tiina Kontinen Susanne Von ItterThis book brings together multiple critical assessments of the current state and future visions of global development studies. It examines how the field engages with new paradigms and narratives, methodologies and scientific impact, and perspectives from the Global South. The authors focus on social and democratic transformation, inclusive development and global environmental issues, and implications for research practices. Leading academics provide an excellent overview of recent insights for post-graduate students and scholars in these research areas.
Inspectors and Enforcement at the Front Line of Government
by Steven Van de Walle Nadine RaaphorstThis book explores the social dynamics of the interaction between inspectors and their inspectees in the public sector. Government inspectors have a crucial role in enforcing rules and standards. The role of inspectors has changed. Their task is no longer to merely inspect and enforce, but also to educate, to negotiate, and to make compromises. Their decisions come about as a result of an interaction with inspectees: Do I punish or do I let go? Do I negotiate or do I issue a fine? Do I believe what this inspectee is telling me? Using insights from public administration, regulation and sociology, this book looks at the daily work of a diverse group of inspectors such as tax inspectors, veterinary inspectors, school inspectors, environmental inspectors or health inspectors.
Dimensions of Resilience in Developing Countries: Informality, Solidarities and Carework (Demographic Transformation and Socio-Economic Development #10)
by Jacques CharmesThis book provides the latest empirical data on the three forms of resilience: informality, solidarities and unpaid care-work. It uncovers and quantifies these three forms of resilience that are generally invisible or ill recognised, whereas these play a major role in the livelihoods of poor and vulnerable populations. The book shows how the slow but constant unveiling of these forms over the past four decades has gradually changed our vision of progress and development and is impacting the norms and concepts that shape our vision of the economy and society. The book also emphasizes the role of informal economy through explaining the origins of the concept, its definitions and the methods of data collection and measurement. As such the book will be of interest to students, researchers and policy makers in population studies, economics, and international development.
EU-Russia Energy Relations: A Discursive Approach
by Lukáš TichýThis book explores the timely topic of energy security and international relations between the European Union and the Russian Federation. Pursuing a constructivist-discursive approach, it empirically analyses a corpus of energy discourses involving policymakers and representatives of the EU and the Russian Federation. Exploring various discursive meanings assigned to the material and technical character of EU-Russian energy relations, the monograph underscores how the identities and interests of both parties are strongly affected by the norms and values which frame the individual energy discourses.
Development, Sexual Cultural Practices and HIV/AIDS in Africa
by Samantha PageThis open access book introduces the theoretical frameworks and academic debates concerning sexual cultural practices and HIV/AIDS in Africa. It shows how these frameworks have been applied in a practical sense in Africa to investigate sexual cultural practices and their link with HIV/AIDS. The author provides an overview of both the field of study and the methods used during fieldwork. Finally, it assesses the implications of the findings for the conceptualization and provision of current and future HIV/AIDS policies and programs in Africa. This monograph will appeal to policy makers and practitioners working in the field of HIV/AIDS in the Global South as well as academics and students.
Extraordinary Rendition and Human Rights: Examining State Accountability and Complicity
by Suzanne EganThis book explores the potential of international human rights law to resolve one of the gravest human rights violations to have surfaced post 9/11: extraordinary rendition. Although infamously deployed as a counter-terrorism technique, substantial evidence confirms that European states colluded in the practice by facilitating the transportation of suspects through their airspace or airports and in some cases, secret detention on their territories. Despite recent findings of the European Court of Human Rights, difficulties persist in holding many European States accountable for the role they played both at the domestic and international level. Distinguishing between various forms of accountability and interrogating the evolving parameters of international human rights law, this volume will fill gaps in extraordinary rendition literature and influence the policies of European States.
Housing in the United Kingdom: Whose Crisis?
by Brian LundIn this book, Brian Lund builds on contemporary housing crisis narratives, which tend to focus on the growth of a younger ‘generation rent,’ to include the differential effects of class, age, gender, ethnicity and place, across the United Kingdom. Current differences reflect long-established cleavages in UK society, and help to explain why housing crises persist. Placing the UK crises in their global contexts, Lund provides a critical examination of proposed solutions according to their impacts on different pathways through the housing system. As the first detailed analysis of the multifaceted origins, impact and potential solutions of the housing crisis, this book will be of vital interest to policy practitioners, professionals and academics across a wide range of areas, including housing studies, urban studies, geography, social policy, sociology, planning and politics.
Brexit and Internal Security: Political and Legal Concerns on the Future UK-EU Relationship (Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics)
by Helena Carrapico Antonia Niehuss Chloé BerthélémyThis book explores the viability of future UK-EU internal security arrangements in light of Brexit, including their impact on the UK’s and the EU’s security and international standings. The authors discuss on-going negotiations and address the main political and legal concerns of possible future arrangements. As the UK prepares to leave the EU, the country is faced with having to develop new cooperation models with its neighbours to fight growing transnational security threats, as well as new strategies to maintain its leading role as an international security actor. In exploring these issues, the book aims to contribute to the general knowledge on the risks and opportunities associated with the disentanglement of the UK from European internal security cooperation; to shed more light on the debates surrounding the negotiations; and to inform the policy discussions that form the basis of proposed cooperation models and that are likely to significantly shape the future UK-EU security relationship.