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Krankheitsverarbeitung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen (Jahrbuch der medizinischen Psychologie #4)
by Inge Seiffge-Krenke
Krebsrehabilitation und Psychoonkologie
by Friederike Potreck-Rose Uwe Koch Iris GutmannEin Bericht über den Förderschwerpunkt "Rehabilitation von Krebskranken" im Rahmen des Programms der Bundesregierung "Forschung und Entwicklung im Dienste der Gesundheit"
Kriminalität: Persönlichkeit, Lebensgeschichte und Verhalten
by Hans-Jürgen Kerner Günther KaiserDieses Buch ist ein bedeutender Beitrag zur Standortbestimmung der täterorientierten Forschung in der Kriminologie. Die Beiträge befassen sich mit der Frage, wie Kriminalität als Erscheinung im Leben von Individuen auftritt, sich ausprägt und gegebenenfalls strukturiert, welche typischen Verlaufsgestalten sich formen, wie Rückfälligkeit sich entwickelt bis hin zu einer sog. kriminellen Karriere. Vorformen der Kriminalität (wie Frühdelinquenz) und Randbereiche (wie Alkohol-, Drogenkonsum, psychiatrisch relevante Auffälligkeiten) werden mit einbezogen. Die Beiträge erstrecken sich auch auf methodologische und methodische Grundsatzfragen des empirischen Zugangs zur Verbrechenswirklichkeit, der erfahrungswissenschaftlichen Erfassung des Täters in seinen sozialen Bezügen, der forensischen Begutachtung und der (therapeutischen) Behandlung.
Kurzgruppenpsychotherapie: Struktur, Verlauf und Effektivität von autogenem Training, progressiver Muskelentspannung und analytisch fundierter Kurzgruppenpsychotherapie
by Alfred Pritz
Language Comprehension As Structure Building
by Morton Ann GernsbacherThis book presents a new theoretical framework -- what Gernsbacher calls the Structure Building Framework -- for understanding language comprehension in particular, and cognitive processing in general. According to this framework, the goal in comprehending both linguistic and nonlinguistic materials is to build a coherent mental representation or "structure" of the information being comprehended. As such, the underlying processes and mechanisms of structure building are viewed as general, cognitive processes and mechanisms. The strength of the volume lies in its empirical detail: a thorough literature review and solid original data.
Language Comprehension As Structure Building
by Morton Ann GernsbacherThis book presents a new theoretical framework -- what Gernsbacher calls the Structure Building Framework -- for understanding language comprehension in particular, and cognitive processing in general. According to this framework, the goal in comprehending both linguistic and nonlinguistic materials is to build a coherent mental representation or "structure" of the information being comprehended. As such, the underlying processes and mechanisms of structure building are viewed as general, cognitive processes and mechanisms. The strength of the volume lies in its empirical detail: a thorough literature review and solid original data.
Learning Environments: Contributions from Dutch and German Research (Recent Research in Psychology)
by Jules M. Pieters Klaus Breuer P. Robert-Jan SimonsIn view of the present attempts to broaden the scope of educational research as far as learning is concerned, there has been increased interest in the functional environment of the learner. Since this environment includes psychological, pedagogical, sociological and even cultural-anthropological variables, the term learning environment is more often used. Traditionally this environment has consisted of the teacher and students in a situation similar to the real context, for instance in an apprenticeship. Although the apprenticeship form of learning has almost disappeared in Western educational systems, its characteristics can now be designed within intelligent learning environments that have the computation and storage capacity of modern technological innovations. The different perspectives regarding learning environments have been bundled into this book in an overview of Dutch and German research. These perspectives pertain to various system levels (learning activities, class- room and school) and to various disciplinary views (pedagogical, psychological, sociological).
Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition (Cambridge Applied Linguistics Ser.)
by J. O'Malley Anna ChamotO'Malley and Chamot review the literature on learning strategies, describe and classify learning strategies in second language learning, and discuss why learning is affected in a positive manner when such strategies are used. The authors present instructional models for learning-strategy training that teachers can apply to their own classes. The material is based on current research in second language acquisition and cognitive theory.
Learning to Learn: A Study of Swedish Preschool Children (Recent Research in Psychology)
by Ingrid PramlingFor eight years, since I began my research, my main concern has been to understand children and their world. The first step towards understanding how children think was taken in connection with my thesis, which I presented five years ago.This was a description of how children in the age group three to eight years conceive their own learning. The thesis was published in the same series as the present monograph and is entitled "The child's conception of learning". The main emphasis in this study was on developmental psychology. As I have worked as a preschool teacher myself, I am extremely anxious that my research will be of benefit to my former colleagues. I have therefore devoted a great deal of time to writing and collaborating in numerous books of popular science. These have always been based on my own research. Now, however, the time is ripe for taking a new step, based on new research, towards understanding children and helping others to understand them., this time by publishing "Learning to learn", which is a description of how children have actually been taught to learn in preschool. In this type of study it is not a question of first obtaining results of the nature of basic research and then applying them in the educational setting, but both aspects are integrated in that the starting-point is the phenomena that are of importance to children in their everyday life.
Left-Handedness: Behavioral Implications and Anomalies (ISSN #Volume 67)
by S. CorenLeft-handedness has been shown to be a possible marker for various psychological and physical abnormalities. This book presents evidence by a number of researchers who evaluate whether there are indeed differences between left- and right-handers which extend into the broader psychological and physiological realms.Several chapters show that left-handedness is found in unexpectedly high proportions in populations that suffer from various immune deficiency diseases, in alcoholics, dyslexics, mental retardates, psychopaths and other clinical groups. The book indicates why left-handedness should be a marker for such conditions. The genetic and environmental pressures on handedness are explored. A model for pathological left-handedness is presented, along with some interesting data which suggests that left-handedness may be associated with reduced life-span. Finally, several chapters discuss the implications of handedness patterns in non-clinical populations.
The Legacy of Solomon Asch: Essays in Cognition and Social Psychology
by Irvin Rock Irvin Rock DeceasedThis volume honors Solomon Asch, a pioneer in social psychology whose experiments in this field are considered classic. Asch has made important contributions to the fields of memory, learning and thinking, and perception along with extending Gestalt theories to social psychology research. Former students and colleagues honor Asch with essays that either expand on his research or describe original research on new topics of related interest. An interesting and informative text for faculty and researchers in the fields of cognition and perception as well as social, experimental, and personality psychology.
The Legacy of Solomon Asch: Essays in Cognition and Social Psychology
by Irvin RockThis volume honors Solomon Asch, a pioneer in social psychology whose experiments in this field are considered classic. Asch has made important contributions to the fields of memory, learning and thinking, and perception along with extending Gestalt theories to social psychology research. Former students and colleagues honor Asch with essays that either expand on his research or describe original research on new topics of related interest. An interesting and informative text for faculty and researchers in the fields of cognition and perception as well as social, experimental, and personality psychology.
Legal Socialization: A Study of Norms and Rules
by Ellen S. Cohn Susan O. WhiteLegal Socialization - A Study of Norms and Rules examines the varying responses, negative and positive, to rule enforcement, as well as the genesis of these responses and the conditions under which they occur. The book presents the results of a longitudinal, multi-methodological study of the dynamic interaction between norms of behavior and rule enforcement in a natural setting, specifically, a university residential community. This approach allowed for the testing of competing hypotheses drawn from social learning and cognitive developmental theory to determine which was more substantively predictive of legal socialization. The first major section discusses the vital issues involved in understanding legal socialization; the two major legal socialization theories; and the research design of the study carried out by the authors. The second part concentrates on empirically testing the predictions of legal development theory versus social learning theory. The final section explores the interaction between reasoning and rule-enforcing conditions and its importance for understanding legal socialization.
The Letters of Rudyard Kipling: Volume 2: 1890-99
by R. KiplingKipling's letters, never before collected and edited and largely unpublished, are now presented in an annotated edition based on the more than 6,000 letters preserved in public and private collections all over the world. Planned in an edition of four volumes, the Letters reveal Kipling with a fullness and immediacy of detail unmatched by any other source. The first two volumes present the first half of Kipling's life, down to the end of the nineteenth century. They show the remarkable transformation of the young schoolboy into the seasoned Indian journalist, and the even more remarkable transformation of the Indian journalist into the famous writer, the most dazzling literary success of the 1890s. Kipling's hard years of apprenticeship, his restless travels and eager encounters with cities and men, his triumphant struggles in the literary wars, are all vividly set forth. The Letters also take Kipling through his marriage and the births of his children, through the mingled happiness and distress of his American years, to the tragedy of his daughter's death at the very highest moment of his literary fame.
Levels of Cognitive Complexity: An Approach to the Measurement of Thinking (Recent Research in Psychology)
by Ernest McDaniel Chris LawrenceThis research monograph describes a new approach to the measurement of thinking processes. The author begins with a discussion of the logic of thought versus the psychology of thinking. Traditionally, thinking has been defined in terms of the logical thought processes which lead to warranted conclusions. The psychological processes, on the other hand, involve the individual's perceptions, intentions and information-processing strategies. Traditional logical approaches appear to be most suitable for analysis of thinking in "formal" highly structured problem situations. Current tests of critical thinking reflect the "logical" approaches to measuring thinking; two tests of this type are evaluated by the author. The authors define the information-processing approach to measurement of thinking, which emphasizes the way situational information is perceived, selected, organized and interpreted. Using this approach, the authors have developed two interpretive exercises, The Holocaust and The Bomb Factories. The results of a number of studies conducted with these exercises are presented, and future work is projected.
Life, Brain and Consciousness: New Perceptions through Targeted Systems Analysis (ISSN #Volume 63)
by G. SommerhoffThe relation between mind and brain can never be understood by science until the nature of consciousness and self-consciousness is clearly perceived as specific system-properties. In this volume the author tackles this problem in a rigorous analysis which begins with the general dynamics of living systems and leads the reader step-by-step towards firm conclusions about the physical processes of consciousness and the main categories of mental events. Finally the author moves from the cognitive to the affective, and proceeds to interpret a number of uniquely human sensibilities in the light of the general biological perspective he has established.
Life-Span Development and Behavior: Volume 10 (Life-Span Development and Behavior Series)
by Paul B. Baltes David L. Featherman Richard M. LernerThis serial publication continues to review life-span research and theory in the behavioral and social sciences, particularly work done by psychologists and sociologists conducting programmatic research on current problems and refining theoretical positions. Each volume introduces excellent peer-reviewed empirical research into the field of life-span development while presenting interdisciplinary viewpoints on the topic. Often challenging accepted theories, this series is of great interest to developmental, personality, and social psychologists.
Life-Span Development and Behavior: Volume 10 (Life-Span Development and Behavior Series #Vol. 12)
by Paul B. Baltes David L. Featherman Richard M. LernerThis serial publication continues to review life-span research and theory in the behavioral and social sciences, particularly work done by psychologists and sociologists conducting programmatic research on current problems and refining theoretical positions. Each volume introduces excellent peer-reviewed empirical research into the field of life-span development while presenting interdisciplinary viewpoints on the topic. Often challenging accepted theories, this series is of great interest to developmental, personality, and social psychologists.
Lithium and Cell Physiology
by Ricardo O. Bach Vincent S. GallicchioLithium and Cell Physiology explores the role of lithium in a wide range of physiologic contexts. The contributions reflect the most recent advances in our understanding of the biochemical, pharmacological, and clinical applications of this metal ion. The book discusses how lithium modulates cells of the immune system, stimulates granulopoiesis, and influences the course of viral infections. The effect of lithium on the skin, as well as on inositol phosphate metabolism, cell growth, magnesium-dependent enzymes, and essential fatty acids and prostaglandins is discussed.
Making Sex: Body and Gender from the Greeks to Freud
by Thomas LaqueurThis is a book about the making and unmaking of sex over the centuries. It tells the astonishing story of sex in the West from the ancients to the moderns in a precise account of developments in reproductive anatomy and physiology. We cannot fail to recognize the players in Thomas Laqueur’s story—the human sexual organs and pleasures, food, blood, semen, egg, sperm—but we will be amazed at the plots into which they have been woven by scientists, political activists, literary figures, and theorists of every stripe. Laqueur begins with the question of why, in the late eighteenth century, woman’s orgasm came to be regarded as irrelevant to conception, and he then proceeds to retrace the dramatic changes in Western views of sexual characteristics over two millennia. Along the way, two “masterplots” emerge. In the one-sex story, woman is an imperfect version of man, and her anatomy and physiology are construed accordingly: the vagina is seen as an interior penis, the womb as a scrotum, the ovaries as testicles. The body is thus a representation, not the foundation, of social gender. The second plot tends to dominate post-Enlightenment thinking while the one-sex model is firmly rooted in classical learning. The two-sex story says that the body determines gender differences, that woman is the opposite of man with incommensurably different organs, functions, and feelings. The two plots overlap; neither ever holds a monopoly. Science may establish many new facts, but even so, Laqueur argues, science was only providing a new way of speaking, a rhetoric and not a key to female liberation or to social progress. Making Sex ends with Freud, who denied the neurological evidence to insist that, as a girl becomes a woman, the locus of her sexual pleasure shifts from the clitoris to the vagina; she becomes what culture demands despite, not because of, the body. Turning Freud’s famous dictum around, Laqueur posits that destiny is anatomy. Sex, in other words, is an artifice. This is a powerful story, written with verve and a keen sense of telling detail (be it technically rigorous or scabrously fanciful). Making Sex will stimulate thought, whether argument or surprised agreement, in a wide range of readers.
The Management of Children with Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (Psychology Revivals)
by Ved P. VarmaThe management of children with emotional and behavioural difficulties has always been a source of worry and concern to those who have to deal with them. Many such children are unpredictable, sometimes embarrassing, and can often make us feel helpless. We need to know more about them, and why they think, feel, and behave as they do. Originally published in 1990, the contributors to this volume bring a wide-ranging professional, practical approach to the problem, looking at it from the perspectives of psychiatry, psychology, psychotherapy, education, and social work. They underline the fact that such behaviour cannot be assessed in isolation from the context in which it occurs, and go beyond a mere description of maladjusted children to ask, ‘Maladjusted to what? And under what conditions?’ The social and family context is continually borne in mind. The book will still be of great interest to psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, teachers and social workers, as well as to students in those disciplines, who will find it an invaluable source to help them in their first encounters with child patients, clients and pupils.
The Management of Children with Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (Psychology Revivals)
by Ved P. VarmaThe management of children with emotional and behavioural difficulties has always been a source of worry and concern to those who have to deal with them. Many such children are unpredictable, sometimes embarrassing, and can often make us feel helpless. We need to know more about them, and why they think, feel, and behave as they do. Originally published in 1990, the contributors to this volume bring a wide-ranging professional, practical approach to the problem, looking at it from the perspectives of psychiatry, psychology, psychotherapy, education, and social work. They underline the fact that such behaviour cannot be assessed in isolation from the context in which it occurs, and go beyond a mere description of maladjusted children to ask, ‘Maladjusted to what? And under what conditions?’ The social and family context is continually borne in mind. The book will still be of great interest to psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, teachers and social workers, as well as to students in those disciplines, who will find it an invaluable source to help them in their first encounters with child patients, clients and pupils.