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3D Visual Communications

by Guan-Ming Su Yu-chi Lai Andres Kwasinski Haohong Wang

Provides coverage of the major theories and technologies involved in the lifecycle of 3D video content delivery Presenting the technologies used in end-to-end 3D video communication systems, this reference covers 3D graphics and video coding, content creation and display, and communications and networking. It covers the full range of key areas from the fundamentals of 3D visual representation to the latest 3D video coding techniques, relevant communication infrastructure and networks to the 3D quality of experience. The book is structured to logically lead readers through the topic, starting with generic and fundamental information, continuing with a detailed section of different visualisation techniques before concluding with an extensive view of 3D mobile communication systems and trends. The authors give most focus to four important areas: 3D video coding and communications; 3D graphics/gaming and mobile communications; end-to-end 3D ecosystem (including 3D display, 3D player, networking facility and 3D quality issues), and future communications and networks advances for emerging 3D experience. Presents the theory and key concepts behind the latest 3D visual coding framework, standards, and corresponding quality assessment Provides fundamental material which forms the basis for future research on enhancing the performance of 3D visual communications over current and future wireless networks Covers important topics including: 3D video coding and communications; 3D graphics/gaming and mobile communications; end-to-end 3D ecosystem; and future communications and networks advances for emerging 3D experience Essential reading for engineers involved in the research, design and development of 3D visual coding and 3D visual transmission systems and technologies, as well as academic and industrial researchers.

3D Video Coding for Embedded Devices: Energy Efficient Algorithms and Architectures

by Bruno Zatt Muhammad Shafique Sergio Bampi Jörg Henkel

This book shows readers how to develop energy-efficient algorithms and hardware architectures to enable high-definition 3D video coding on resource-constrained embedded devices. Users of the Multiview Video Coding (MVC) standard face the challenge of exploiting its 3D video-specific coding tools for increasing compression efficiency at the cost of increasing computational complexity and, consequently, the energy consumption. This book enables readers to reduce the multiview video coding energy consumption through jointly considering the algorithmic and architectural levels. Coverage includes an introduction to 3D videos and an extensive discussion of the current state-of-the-art of 3D video coding, as well as energy-efficient algorithms for 3D video coding and energy-efficient hardware architecture for 3D video coding.

3D Video and Its Applications

by Takashi Matsuyama Shohei Nobuhara Takeshi Takai Tony Tung

This book presents a broad review of state-of-the-art 3D video production technologies and applications. The text opens with a concise introduction to the field, before examining the design and calibration methods for multi-view camera systems, including practical implementation technologies. A range of algorithms are then described for producing 3D video from video data. A selection of 3D video applications are also demonstrated. Features: describes real-time synchronized multi-view video capture, and object tracking with a group of active cameras; discusses geometric and photometric camera calibration, and 3D video studio design with active cameras; examines 3D shape and motion reconstruction, texture mapping and image rendering, and lighting environment estimation; demonstrates attractive 3D visualization, visual contents analysis and editing, 3D body action analysis, and data compression; highlights the remaining challenges and the exciting avenues for future research in 3D video technology.

3D-TV System with Depth-Image-Based Rendering: Architectures, Techniques and Challenges

by Ce Zhu, Yin Zhao, Lu Yu and Masayuki Tanimoto

Riding on the success of 3D cinema blockbusters and advances in stereoscopic display technology, 3D video applications have gathered momentum in recent years. 3D-TV System with Depth-Image-Based Rendering: Architectures, Techniques and Challenges surveys depth-image-based 3D-TV systems, which are expected to be put into applications in the near future. Depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) significantly enhances the 3D visual experience compared to stereoscopic systems currently in use. DIBR techniques make it possible to generate additional viewpoints using 3D warping techniques to adjust the perceived depth of stereoscopic videos and provide for auto-stereoscopic displays that do not require glasses for viewing the 3D image. The material includes a technical review and literature survey of components and complete systems, solutions for technical issues, and implementation of prototypes. The book is organized into four sections: System Overview, Content Generation, Data Compression and Transmission, and 3D Visualization and Quality Assessment. This book will benefit researchers, developers, engineers, and innovators, as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students working in relevant areas.

3D Television (3DTV) Technology, Systems, and Deployment: Rolling Out the Infrastructure for Next-Generation Entertainment

by Daniel Minoli

Going beyond the technological building blocks of 3DTV, 3D Television (3DTV) Technology, Systems, and Deployment: Rolling Out the Infrastructure for Next-Generation Entertainment offers an early view of the deployment and rollout strategies of this emerging technology. It covers cutting-edge advances, theories, and techniques in end-to-end 3DTV sys

3D Technology in Fine Art and Craft: Exploring 3D Printing, Scanning, Sculpting and Milling

by Bridgette Mongeon

The possibilities for creation are endless with 3D printing, sculpting, scanning, and milling, and new opportunities are popping up faster than artists can keep up with them. 3D Technology in Fine Art and Craft takes the mystery out of these exciting new processes by demonstrating how to navigate their digital components and showing their real world applications. Artists will learn to incorporate these new technologies into their studio work and see their creations come to life in a physical form never before possible. Featuring a primer on 3D basics for beginners,interviews, tutorials, and artwork from over 80 artists, intellectual property rights information, and a comprehensive companion website, this book is your field guide to exploring the exhilarating new world of 3D. Follow step-by-step photos and tutorials outlining the techniques, methodologies, and finished products of master artists who have employed 3D technology in new and inventive ways Learn how to enlarge, reduce, and repurpose existing artwork and create virtual pieces in physical forms through a variety of mediums Research your options with an accessible list of pros and cons of the various software, 3D printers, scanners, milling machines, and vendors that provide services in 3D technology Listen to podcasts with the artists and learn more tips and tricks through the book's website at www.digitalsculpting.net

3D Technology in Fine Art and Craft: Exploring 3D Printing, Scanning, Sculpting and Milling

by Bridgette Mongeon

The possibilities for creation are endless with 3D printing, sculpting, scanning, and milling, and new opportunities are popping up faster than artists can keep up with them. 3D Technology in Fine Art and Craft takes the mystery out of these exciting new processes by demonstrating how to navigate their digital components and showing their real world applications. Artists will learn to incorporate these new technologies into their studio work and see their creations come to life in a physical form never before possible. Featuring a primer on 3D basics for beginners,interviews, tutorials, and artwork from over 80 artists, intellectual property rights information, and a comprehensive companion website, this book is your field guide to exploring the exhilarating new world of 3D. Follow step-by-step photos and tutorials outlining the techniques, methodologies, and finished products of master artists who have employed 3D technology in new and inventive ways Learn how to enlarge, reduce, and repurpose existing artwork and create virtual pieces in physical forms through a variety of mediums Research your options with an accessible list of pros and cons of the various software, 3D printers, scanners, milling machines, and vendors that provide services in 3D technology Listen to podcasts with the artists and learn more tips and tricks through the book's website at www.digitalsculpting.net

3D TCAD Simulation for Semiconductor Processes, Devices and Optoelectronics

by Simon Li Suihua Li

Technology computer-aided design, or TCAD, is critical to today’s semiconductor technology and anybody working in this industry needs to know something about TCAD. This book is about how to use computer software to manufacture and test virtually semiconductor devices in 3D. It brings to life the topic of semiconductor device physics, with a hands-on, tutorial approach that de-emphasizes abstract physics and equations and emphasizes real practice and extensive illustrations. Coverage includes a comprehensive library of devices, representing the state of the art technology, such as SuperJunction LDMOS, GaN LED devices, etc.

3D Synthetic Environment Reconstruction (The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science #611)

by Mahdi Abdelguerfi

Although synthetic environments were traditionally used in military settings for mission rehearsal and simulations, their use is rapidly spreading to a variety of applications in the commercial, research and industrial sectors, such as flight training for commercial aircraft, city planning, car safety research in real-time traffic simulations, and video games. 3D Synthetic Environment Reconstruction contains seven invited chapters from leading experts in the field, bringing together a coherent body of recent knowledge relating 3D geospatial data collection, design issues, and techniques used in synthetic environments design, implementation and interoperability. In particular, this book describes new techniques for the generation of Synthetic Environments with increased resolution and rich attribution, both essential for accurate modeling and simulation. This book also deals with interoperability of models and simulations, which is necessary for facilitating the reuse of modeling and simulation components.3D Synthetic Environment Reconstruction is an excellent reference for researchers and practitioners in the field.

3D Surface Reconstruction: Multi-Scale Hierarchical Approaches

by Francesco Bellocchio N. Alberto Borghese Stefano Ferrari Vincenzo Piuri

3D Surface Reconstruction: Multi-Scale Hierarchical Approaches presents methods to model 3D objects in an incremental way so as to capture more finer details at each step. The configuration of the model parameters, the rationale and solutions are described and discussed in detail so the reader has a strong understanding of the methodology. Modeling starts from data captured by 3D digitizers and makes the process even more clear and engaging. Innovative approaches, based on two popular machine learning paradigms, namely Radial Basis Functions and the Support Vector Machines, are also introduced. These paradigms are innovatively extended to a multi-scale incremental structure, based on a hierarchical scheme. The resulting approaches allow readers to achieve high accuracy with limited computational complexity, and makes the approaches appropriate for online, real-time operation. Applications can be found in any domain in which regression is required. 3D Surface Reconstruction: Multi-Scale Hierarchical Approaches is designed as a secondary text book or reference for advanced-level students and researchers in computer science. This book also targets practitioners working in computer vision or machine learning related fields.

3D Structure from Images - SMILE 2000: Second European Workshop on 3D Structure from Multiple Images of Large-Scale Environments Dublin, Ireland, July 12, 2000, Revised Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #2018)

by Marc Pollefeys Luc Van Gool Andrew Zisserman Andrew Fitzgibbon

This volume contains the ?nal version of the papers originally presented at the second SMILE workshop 3D Structure from Multiple Images of Large-scale Environments, which was held on 1-2 July 2000 in conjunction with the Sixth European Conference in Computer Vision at Trinity College Dublin. The subject of the workshop was the visual acquisition of models of the 3D world from images and their application to virtual and augmented reality. Over the last few years tremendous progress has been made in this area. On the one hand important new insightshavebeenobtainedresultinginmore exibilityandnewrepresentations.Onthe other hand a number of techniques have come to maturity, yielding robust algorithms delivering good results on real image data. Moreover supporting technologies – such as digital cameras, computers, disk storage, and visualization devices – have made things possible that were infeasible just a few years ago. Opening the workshop was Paul Debevec s invited presentation on image-based modeling,rendering,andlighting.Hepresentedanumberoftechniquesforusingdigital images of real scenes to create 3D models, virtual camera moves, and realistic computer animations.Theremainderoftheworkshopwasdividedintothreesessions:Computation and Algorithms, Visual Scene Representations, and Extended Environments. After each session there was a panel discussion that included all speakers. These panel discussions were organized by Bill Triggs, Marc Pollefeys, and Tomas Pajdla respectively, who introduced the topics and moderated the discussion. Asubstantialpartoftheseproceedingsarethetranscriptsofthediscussionsfollowing each paper and the full panel sessions. These discussions were of very high quality and were an integral part of the workshop.

3D Stacked Chips: From Emerging Processes to Heterogeneous Systems

by Ibrahim Abe M. Elfadel Gerhard Fettweis

This book explains for readers how 3D chip stacks promise to increase the level of on-chip integration, and to design new heterogeneous semiconductor devices that combine chips of different integration technologies (incl. sensors) in a single package of the smallest possible size. The authors focus on heterogeneous 3D integration, addressing some of the most important challenges in this emerging technology, including contactless, optics-based, and carbon-nanotube-based 3D integration, as well as signal-integrity and thermal management issues in copper-based 3D integration. Coverage also includes the 3D heterogeneous integration of power sources, photonic devices, and non-volatile memories based on new materials systems.

3D Rotations: Parameter Computation and Lie Algebra based Optimization

by Kenichi Kanatani

3D rotation analysis is widely encountered in everyday problems thanks to the development of computers. Sensing 3D using cameras and sensors, analyzing and modeling 3D for computer vision and computer graphics, and controlling and simulating robot motion all require 3D rotation computation. This book focuses on the computational analysis of 3D rotation, rather than classical motion analysis. It regards noise as random variables and models their probability distributions. It also pursues statistically optimal computation for maximizing the expected accuracy, as is typical of nonlinear optimization. All concepts are illustrated using computer vision applications as examples. Mathematically, the set of all 3D rotations forms a group denoted by SO(3). Exploiting this group property, we obtain an optimal solution analytical or numerically, depending on the problem. Our numerical scheme, which we call the "Lie algebra method," is based on the Lie group structure of SO(3). This book also proposes computing projects for readers who want to code the theories presented in this book, describing necessary 3D simulation setting as well as providing real GPS 3D measurement data. To help readers not very familiar with abstract mathematics, a brief overview of quaternion algebra, matrix analysis, Lie groups, and Lie algebras is provided as Appendix at the end of the volume.

3D Rotations: Parameter Computation and Lie Algebra based Optimization

by Kenichi Kanatani

3D rotation analysis is widely encountered in everyday problems thanks to the development of computers. Sensing 3D using cameras and sensors, analyzing and modeling 3D for computer vision and computer graphics, and controlling and simulating robot motion all require 3D rotation computation. This book focuses on the computational analysis of 3D rotation, rather than classical motion analysis. It regards noise as random variables and models their probability distributions. It also pursues statistically optimal computation for maximizing the expected accuracy, as is typical of nonlinear optimization. All concepts are illustrated using computer vision applications as examples. Mathematically, the set of all 3D rotations forms a group denoted by SO(3). Exploiting this group property, we obtain an optimal solution analytical or numerically, depending on the problem. Our numerical scheme, which we call the "Lie algebra method," is based on the Lie group structure of SO(3). This book also proposes computing projects for readers who want to code the theories presented in this book, describing necessary 3D simulation setting as well as providing real GPS 3D measurement data. To help readers not very familiar with abstract mathematics, a brief overview of quaternion algebra, matrix analysis, Lie groups, and Lie algebras is provided as Appendix at the end of the volume.

3D Robotic Mapping: The Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Problem with Six Degrees of Freedom (Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics #52)

by Andreas Nüchter

Focuses on acquiring spatial models of physical environments through mobile robots The robotic mapping problem is commonly referred to as SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping). 3D maps are necessary to avoid collisions with complex obstacles and to self-localize in six degrees of freedom (x-, y-, z-position, roll, yaw and pitch angle) New solutions to the 6D SLAM problem for 3D laser scans are proposed and a wide variety of applications are presented

3D Research Challenges in Cultural Heritage III: Complexity and Quality in Digitisation (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13125)

by Marinos Ioannides Petros Patias

This open access book presents a collection of papers focusing on current 3D research challenges in the domain of digital cultural heritage. 3D technologies find considerable use within the field of cultural heritage at the beginning of the 21st century, for example in the areas of data acquisition, modeling, archiving in local repositories, harvesting in digital libraries and their long-term preservation. This volume put emphasis on a number of challenges facing 3D research in the 2D/3D digitization of tangible objects and their transformation to digital/virtual/memory twins; the interplay of geometry, semantics and the recovery and management of knowledge in digital cultural heritage; the handling of 3D data via the Cloud on the Internet and mobile devices; the presentation of cultural heritage content in 3D to the general public; and the 3D reproduction of cultural heritage objects from virtual to real.

3D Research Challenges in Cultural Heritage II: How to Manage Data and Knowledge Related to Interpretative Digital 3D Reconstructions of Cultural Heritage (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10025)

by Sander Münster Mieke Pfarr-Harfst Piotr Kuroczyński Marinos Ioannides

This book reflects a current state of the art and future perspectives of Digital Heritage focusing on not interpretative reconstruction and including as well as bridging practical and theoretical perspectives, strategies and approaches. Comprehensive key challenges are related to knowledge transfer and management as well as data handling within a interpretative digital reconstruction of Cultural Heritage including aspects of digital object creation, sustainability, accessibility, documentation, presentation, preservation and more general scientific compatibility. The three parts of the book provide an overview of a scope of usage scenarios, a current state of infrastructures as digital libraries, information repositories for an interpretative reconstruction of Cultural Heritage; highlight strategies, practices and principles currently used to ensure compatibility, reusability and sustainability of data objects and related knowledge within a 3D reconstruction work process on a day to day work basis; and show innovative concepts for the exchange, publishing and management of 3D objects and for inherit knowledge about data, workflows and semantic structures.

3D Research Challenges in Cultural Heritage: A Roadmap in Digital Heritage Preservation (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #8355)

by Marinos Ioannides Ewald Quak

This book contains selected contributions from some of the most renowned researchers in the field of Digital Heritage and 3D representation of the Past, based in large part on invited presentations from the workshop “Computational Geometry and Ontologies for Cultural Heritage 3D Digital Libraries: What are the future alternatives for Europeana?” which was held in conjunction with the International Conference on Cultural Heritage EuroMed2012 (www.euromed2012.eu) on the island of Cyprus in October 2012. This was the official event of the Cyprus Presidency of the Council of the European Union on Progress in Cultural Heritage Preservation. The aim of this book is to provide an insight to ongoing research and future directions in this novel, continuously very promising and multi-disciplinary evolving field, which lies at the intersection of digital heritage, engineering, computer science, mathematics, material science, architecture, civil engineering and archaeology.

3D Recording and Interpretation for Maritime Archaeology (Coastal Research Library #31)

by Wendy Van Duivenvoorde Trevor Winton Jonathan Benjamin John K. McCarthy

This open access peer-reviewed volume was inspired by the UNESCO UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology International Workshop held at Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia in November 2016. Content is based on, but not limited to, the work presented at the workshop which was dedicated to 3D recording and interpretation for maritime archaeology. The volume consists of contributions from leading international experts as well as up-and-coming early career researchers from around the globe. The content of the book includes recording and analysis of maritime archaeology through emerging technologies, including both practical and theoretical contributions. Topics include photogrammetric recording, laser scanning, marine geophysical 3D survey techniques, virtual reality, 3D modelling and reconstruction, data integration and Geographic Information Systems. The principal incentive for this publication is the ongoing rapid shift in the methodologies of maritime archaeology within recent years and a marked increase in the use of 3D and digital approaches. This convergence of digital technologies such as underwater photography and photogrammetry, 3D sonar, 3D virtual reality, and 3D printing has highlighted a pressing need for these new methodologies to be considered together, both in terms of defining the state-of-the-art and for consideration of future directions. As a scholarly publication, the audience for the book includes students and researchers, as well as professionals working in various aspects of archaeology, heritage management, education, museums, and public policy. It will be of special interest to those working in the field of coastal cultural resource management and underwater archaeology but will also be of broader interest to anyone interested in archaeology and to those in other disciplines who are now engaging with 3D recording and visualization.

3D Printing with MatterControl

by Joan Horvath Rich Cameron

In 3D Printing With MatterControl, Joan Horvath and Rich Cameron, the team behind Mastering 3D Printing, explain step-by-step how to use the MatterControl program, which allows you to control many common types of 3D printers (including both cartesian and delta style machines). 3D Printing With MatterControl can stand alone, or it can be a companion to Mastering 3D Printing to show you how to install, configure, and use best practices with your printer and printing software. The book includes both step by step software walkthroughs and case studies with typical 3D printed objects.Whether you are a "maker" or a teacher of makers, 3D Printing with MatterControl will show you how to get the most out of your printer with the new standard for open source 3D printing software.While there are books available on 3D printers, and even a few on software to make models for printers, there are few good sources covering the software that actually controls these printers. MatterControl is emerging as the leading open source software for 3D printers, and 3D Printing With MatterControl covers this new standard in this brief book.

3D Printing with Fusion 360: Design for additive manufacturing, and level up your simulation and print preparation skills

by Sualp Ozel

Improve your Autodesk Fusion competence around 3D printing workflows by learning how to repair broken STLs, design for additive manufacturing, position and support parts, and slice themKey FeaturesUse Autodesk Fusion to import and repair external designs and create native lightweight designs for 3D printingMaster the setup of 3D printing within Fusion’s Manufacture workspaceGain insights into the different 3D printing technologies and the unique print preparation steps for their effective usePurchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBookBook DescriptionAs 3D printing gains traction, the demand for CAD experts in manufacturing grows. If you're a fan of Autodesk Fusion and crave hands-on experience with automated modeling, generative design, and the full potential of additive manufacturing, this book is your guide to elevating your design and 3D printing skills. In this book, you’ll learn how to open CAD or Mesh files in Fusion and expertly repair, edit, and prepare them for 3D printing. You’ll unlock the secrets of effective print preparation, learning about print settings, support structures, and part orientation. This book also highlights Fusion’s diverse preferences designed specifically for additive manufacturing. Subsequent chapters will guide you in choosing the right part orientation and position, as well as creating suitable support structures based on your chosen printing technology. You’ll simulate the printing process to detect and remedy common print failures associated with the metal powder bed fusion process. Finally, you’ll leverage templates and scripts to automate routine tasks around print preparation. By the end of this 3D printing book, you'll be armed with the knowledge and skills necessary to harness the power of Fusion for additive manufacturing, meeting the growing demand with confidence.What you will learnUse Autodesk Fusion to open, inspect, repair, and edit externally created designs for 3D printingSet up your 3D prints for different printing technologies, such as FFF, SLA/DLP, SLS, and MPBFUse templates to automate your additive operations, including part orientation, arrangement, and supportRun process simulation for metal powder bed fusion and learn how to compensate for common print failure modesOptimize Fusion 360’s preferences for 3D printingExport machine-specific file formats for 3D printing, such as G-Code, SLI, SLC, and CLIWho this book is forIf you're a designer using Autodesk Fusion on a daily basis and want to delve into 3D printing or craft functional, lightweight prints, this book is your go-to. It's also a valuable reference for intermediate-level Fusion users seeking insights into DFAM (design for additive manufacturing) and print preparation. To get the most out of this book, it's recommended that you have a good understanding of Fusion's design features, familiarity with opening CAD or MESH files, and prior experience creating components in Fusion.

3D Printing with Delta Printers

by Charles Bell

Do you find yourself wondering what the fuss is about a delta 3D printer? Perhaps you’ve decided to buy one but all of your 3D printing friends are busily perfecting their Cartesian printers. Maybe you find yourself stymied by the fact that your delta printer has very different needs for setup, configuration, calibration, and maintenance than Cartesian printers.3D Printing with Delta Printers contains detailed descriptions of the innovative delta design including unique hardware, software, and maintenance requirements. The book also covers tips for building your own delta printer as well as examples of common enhancements.This book will enable you to build, configure, and enhance your delta printer. The topics covered will reveal the often-mysterious nuances of the delta design that will enable your printer to compete with the best of what your 3D printer friends can build.

3D Printing For Dummies

by Kalani Kirk Hausman Richard Horne

Get started printing out 3D objects quickly and inexpensively! 3D printing is no longer just a figment of your imagination. This remarkable technology is coming to the masses with the growing availability of 3D printers. 3D printers create 3-dimensional layered models and they allow users to create prototypes that use multiple materials and colors. This friendly-but-straightforward guide examines each type of 3D printing technology available today and gives artists, entrepreneurs, engineers, and hobbyists insight into the amazing things 3D printing has to offer. You’ll discover methods for the creation of 3D printable objects using software, 3D scanners, and even photographs with the help of this timely For Dummies guide. Includes information on stereolithography, selective sintering, fused deposition, and granular binding techniques Covers the potential for the transformation of production and manufacturing, reuse and recycling, intellectual property design controls, and the commoditization of traditional products from magazines to material goods Walks you through the process of creating a RepRap printer using open-source designs, software, and hardware Addresses the limitations of current 3D printing technologies and provides strategies for improved success 3D Printing For Dummies is the must-have guide to make manufacturing your own dynamic designs a dream come true!

3D Printing For Dummies

by Kalani Kirk Hausman Richard Horne

Get started printing out 3D objects quickly and inexpensively! 3D printing is no longer just a figment of your imagination. This remarkable technology is coming to the masses with the growing availability of 3D printers. 3D printers create 3-dimensional layered models and they allow users to create prototypes that use multiple materials and colors. This friendly-but-straightforward guide examines each type of 3D printing technology available today and gives artists, entrepreneurs, engineers, and hobbyists insight into the amazing things 3D printing has to offer. You’ll discover methods for the creation of 3D printable objects using software, 3D scanners, and even photographs with the help of this timely For Dummies guide. Includes information on stereolithography, selective sintering, fused deposition, and granular binding techniques Covers the potential for the transformation of production and manufacturing, reuse and recycling, intellectual property design controls, and the commoditization of traditional products from magazines to material goods Walks you through the process of creating a RepRap printer using open-source designs, software, and hardware Addresses the limitations of current 3D printing technologies and provides strategies for improved success 3D Printing For Dummies is the must-have guide to make manufacturing your own dynamic designs a dream come true!

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Showing 82,901 through 82,925 of 83,151 results