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Self-Knowledge: A History (Oxford Philosophical Concepts)
by Ursula RenzThe acquisition of self-knowledge is often described as one of the main goals of philosophical inquiry. At the same time, some sort of self-knowledge is often regarded as a necessary condition of our being a human agent or human subject. Thus self-knowledge is taken to constitute both the beginning and the end of humans' search for wisdom, and as such it is intricately bound up with the very idea of philosophy. Not surprisingly therefore, the Delphic injunction 'Know thyself' has fascinated philosophers of different times, backgrounds, and tempers. But how can we make sense of this imperative? What is self-knowledge and how is it achieved? What are the structural features that distinguish self-knowledge from other types of knowledge? What role do external, second- and third-personal, sources of knowledge play in the acquisition of self-knowledge? How can we account for the moral impact ascribed to self-knowledge? Is it just a form of anthropological knowledge that allows agents to act in accordance with their aims? Or, does self-knowledge ultimately ennoble the self of the subjects having it? Finally, is self-knowledge, or its completion, a goal that may be reached at all? The book addresses these questions in fifteen chapters covering approaches of many philosophers from Plato and Aristotle to Edmund Husserl or Elisabeth Anscombe. The short reflections inserted between the chapters show that the search for self-knowledge is an important theme in literature, poetry, painting and self-portraiture from Homer.
Self-Knowledge: A History (Oxford Philosophical Concepts)
The acquisition of self-knowledge is often described as one of the main goals of philosophical inquiry. At the same time, some sort of self-knowledge is often regarded as a necessary condition of our being a human agent or human subject. Thus self-knowledge is taken to constitute both the beginning and the end of humans' search for wisdom, and as such it is intricately bound up with the very idea of philosophy. Not surprisingly therefore, the Delphic injunction 'Know thyself' has fascinated philosophers of different times, backgrounds, and tempers. But how can we make sense of this imperative? What is self-knowledge and how is it achieved? What are the structural features that distinguish self-knowledge from other types of knowledge? What role do external, second- and third-personal, sources of knowledge play in the acquisition of self-knowledge? How can we account for the moral impact ascribed to self-knowledge? Is it just a form of anthropological knowledge that allows agents to act in accordance with their aims? Or, does self-knowledge ultimately ennoble the self of the subjects having it? Finally, is self-knowledge, or its completion, a goal that may be reached at all? The book addresses these questions in fifteen chapters covering approaches of many philosophers from Plato and Aristotle to Edmund Husserl or Elisabeth Anscombe. The short reflections inserted between the chapters show that the search for self-knowledge is an important theme in literature, poetry, painting and self-portraiture from Homer.
Self-Kindness: How to Live with Compassion and Create a Life You Love
by Claire ChamberlainTransform your relationship with yourself! This is the ultimate guide to embracing self-love and living a life with more self-compassionWe all know the value of treating other people with kindness – so why do we often forget to extend the same courtesy to ourselves?Learn a radical new approach to self-love with this beautiful handbook. Through a combination of practical tips and actionable advice, Self-Kindness will help you to deepen your self-love and grow your happiness.You will learn how to:Find peace within yourself and nurture a more positive mindsetLook after your mind and body to develop greater self-confidenceEnrich your overall health and well-being with diet and exerciseTap into the uplifting power of affirmationsWhether you’re at the beginning of your journey to self-acceptance, or you’re a seasoned self-love advocate, let this guide celebrate and support you as you continue on the path to self-kindness, joy and well-being.
The Self in Question: Memory, The Body and Self-Consciousness
by Andy HamiltonA humanistic account of self-consciousness and personal identity, and offering a structural parallel between the epistemology of memory and bodily awareness. It provides a much-needed rapprochement between Analytic and Phenomenological approaches, developing Wittgenstein's insights into "I"-as-subject and self-identification.
The Self-Help Reflexology Handbook: Easy Home Routines for Hands and Feet to Enhance Health and Vitality (Positive Health Ser.)
by Sonia DucieReflexology is a complementary healing technique, second only to aromatherapy in popularity. The feet and hands are a 'map' of the organs of the body. Reflexology can be used to relieve symptoms and as a preventative health measure. It involves applying pressure to reflex points on the hands and feet, each point relating to a part of the body. The book explains how easy it is to use reflexology techniques every day at home, without a practitioner, to enhance your health and well-being. Part 1 illustrates basic reflexology techniques and explains how to apply them. Part 2 includes easy step-by-step routines especially devised to help improve confidence, build strength, relax, increase vitality, enjoy better sex, boost metabolism and speed up detoxification. Part 3 includes 22 common health problems such as headaches, toothache, backache, travel sickness and panic attacks and provides techniques for dealing with them. Devised with everyday health in mind, this book has something for everyone.
Self-Healing With Reiki: How to create wholeness, harmony and balance for body, mind and spirit
by Penelope QuestMost people attending a Reiki workshop are taught the basics of self-treatment with Reiki, but few discover Reiki's real potential for self-healing. It is an amazing tool for healing mind, body, emotions and spirit to create wholeness and harmony, personal peace and a sense of purpose. This book is packed with innovative yet easy-to-use techniques and is aimed at everyone who has worked with Reiki at any level. This book includes: New ways of using Reiki to heal the whole person, from the subtle energies of the aura to the physical body, for a healthier and more balanced life; a 'whole life' approach to self-healing, including psychological, emotional, social and environmental issues; unique methods of using Reiki more creatively for spiritual development and self-understanding; techniques from both Eastern and Western Reiki traditions; exclusive special meditations; easy-to-follow diagrams; accessible text, and clear explanations and examples.
The Self-healing Revolution: Modern-day Ayurveda with recipes and tools for intuitive living
by Noelle Renée KovaryIncluding 40 recipes, The Self-healing Revolution shows how to transform your life with Ayurveda and teaches you the art of intuitive living through nutrition, lifestyle practices and self-care.If you are looking to ditch the yo-yo dieting and are ready to create a lifestyle of health and happiness, sprinkled with rituals and natural remedies to enhance radiance, energy and deeper vitality and feel like ‘yourself’ in your own body, then The Self-healing Revolution is for you. This book will be your guide to learn the ancient tools of Ayurveda, a 5,000-year old medicine system, with a modern twist to fit your everyday life. Learn how to find your unique mind-body type (dosha) and then discover how to tailor-make a lifestyle and diet that fits with it, including 40 recipes for meals and herbal tonics, daily yoga and movement guides, how to make natural face masks and simple self-love rituals to reconnect to your body and ease life’s stresses. With compassionate and thoughtful advice on how to heal your life, own the innate power you already have and nurture your body back to balance, The Self-healing Revolution is an essential read for everyone.
Self-Healing: The Only Introduction You'll Ever Need (Principles of)
by David LawsonIn these high pressure times we are in need of ways to relax and gain a sense of happiness and peace. There are many skills and techniques that we can master to bring healing and well-being to our minds, bodies and emotions.
Self-Experience: Essays on Inner Awareness
by Manuel García-Carpintero Marie GuillotRecent debates on phenomenal consciousness have shown renewed interest for the idea that experience generally includes an experience of the self—a self-experience—whatever else it may present the self with. When a subject has an ordinary experience (as of a bouncing red ball, for example), the thought goes, she is not just phenomenally aware of the world as being presented in a certain way (a bouncy, reddish, roundish way in this case); she is also phenomenally aware of the fact that it is presented to her. This supposed phenomenal dimension has been variously called mineness, for-me-ness, pre-reflective self-awareness and subjective character, among others. This view, associated with historical figures such as William James, Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, and Sartre, is attracting a new surge of attention at the crossroads of phenomenology, analytic philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of cognitive science, but also intense controversy. This book explores some of the questions running through the ongoing debate on the putative subjective dimension of experience: Does it exist?, the existence question; What is it?, the essence question; What is it for?, the function question; and What else does it explain?, the explanation question. The volume also surveys various domains of human experience, both normal and pathological, where a 'sense of self' might be at play, including agency, bodily awareness, introspection, memory, emotions, and values, and offers insights into the possible relations between the notions of subjective awareness involved. The first part of the book is devoted to more sceptical or deflationary views about self-experience, and the second, to more robust ones.
Self-Experience: Essays on Inner Awareness
Recent debates on phenomenal consciousness have shown renewed interest for the idea that experience generally includes an experience of the self—a self-experience—whatever else it may present the self with. When a subject has an ordinary experience (as of a bouncing red ball, for example), the thought goes, she is not just phenomenally aware of the world as being presented in a certain way (a bouncy, reddish, roundish way in this case); she is also phenomenally aware of the fact that it is presented to her. This supposed phenomenal dimension has been variously called mineness, for-me-ness, pre-reflective self-awareness and subjective character, among others. This view, associated with historical figures such as William James, Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, and Sartre, is attracting a new surge of attention at the crossroads of phenomenology, analytic philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of cognitive science, but also intense controversy. This book explores some of the questions running through the ongoing debate on the putative subjective dimension of experience: Does it exist?, the existence question; What is it?, the essence question; What is it for?, the function question; and What else does it explain?, the explanation question. The volume also surveys various domains of human experience, both normal and pathological, where a 'sense of self' might be at play, including agency, bodily awareness, introspection, memory, emotions, and values, and offers insights into the possible relations between the notions of subjective awareness involved. The first part of the book is devoted to more sceptical or deflationary views about self-experience, and the second, to more robust ones.
Self-Evaluation: Affective and Social Grounds of Intentionality (Philosophical Studies Series #116)
by Anita Konzelmann Ziv, Keith Lehrer and Hans Bernhard Bernhard SchmidThe book contains contributions by leading figures in philosophy of mind and action, emotion theory, and phenomenology. As the focus of the volume is truly innovative we expect the book to sell well to both philosophers and scholars from neighboring fields such as social and cognitive science. The predominant view in analytic philosophy is that an ability for self-evaluation is constitutive for agency and intentionality. Until now, the debate is limited in two (possibly mutually related) ways: Firstly, self-evaluation is usually discussed in individual terms, and, as such, not sufficiently related to its social dimensions; secondly, self-evaluation is viewed as a matter of belief and desire, neglecting its affective and emotional aspects. The aim of the book is to fill these research lacunas and to investigate the question of how these two shortcomings of the received views are related.
Self-Esteem and Being YOU (Teen Life Confidential)
by Anita NaikAre you scared to take risks in case you make a fool of yourself? Do you need other people's approval? If someone likes you do you think there must be something wrong with them? Do you hate your body? If you answered yes to any of these questions, this essential guide will help you to turn your opinions around. It will boost yourself esteem and encourage you to believe in who and what you are.
Self-esteem: Quick and Simple Ways to Change How You Feel About Yourself (The\lazy Person's Guide! Ser.)
by Theresa Francis-CheungChange how you think and feel about yourself – and change your life.You’ve had a glance at the vast array of self-esteem books on the shelves and been thoroughly daunted. It all seems so complicated. You don’t have time to wade through pages and pages of technical jargon, therapeutic approaches, discussions, case studies or quizzes. You don’t want to have to take up yoga or tai chi, let alone swim with dolphins or nurture your inner child. You just want to feel better about yourself – and fast!Enter The Lazy Person’s Guide! In no time at all this little guide will help you understand and improve the way you think and feel about yourself. It will give you all the essential information and advice you need and will help you change your life for the better, right now.The Lazy Person's Guide! is a series of popular, cheerful yet thoroughly grounded, practical and authoritative books on various health issues and conditions. Other titles in the series include Beating Overeating, Detox, Exercise, Improving Your Memory, Midlife, Quitting Smoking and Stress. Self-esteem: The Lazy Person’s Guide!: Table of ContentsPART ONE: Self-EsteemSelf-esteemDo you have it?Why haven’t you got it?How can you get it?PART TWO: Eight Secrets to Better Self-EsteemGet to know yourselfDon’t believe it because you think itManage your emotionsImprove your communication skillsMake decisionsTake care of yourselfManage stressEnjoy yourselfPART THREE: Extra HelpExtra help, if you need itConfidence-boosting tipsAfterword
Self-Doubt: Depression, Anxiety Disorders, Panic and Fear. Threshold experiences, crises of the soul and healing on the anthroposophical path
by Rudolf SteinerMental and emotional disorders have reached epidemic levels in Western societies. Self-doubt, panic-attacks, anxiety disorders and personal fears of all kinds present major challenges to contemporary medical science. Rudolf Steiner’s spiritual research offers a startlingly original and complementary contribution to the problem. True insight into psychological issues requires knowledge of the influences of spiritual beings, he suggests. In everyday life we are all confronted with metaphysical entities that can hinder or progress our development. Many forms of anxiety and self-doubt derive from such meetings on the border – or threshold – of our consciousness. Further, these ‘threshold experiences’ are exacerbated today by a general loosening of the subtle bodies and components of the human soul.As these constitutional changes persist, says Rudolf Steiner, a condition of ‘dissociation’ becomes increasingly common. A healthy emotional life will only be possible if individuals engage in a conscious practice of personal growth, strengthening their constitution through the action of the ‘I’ or self. The expertly selected and collated texts in Self-Doubt offer numerous cognitive and practical ideas for the improvement of everyday mental and emotional health.Chapters include: The origin of error, fear, and nervousness; Crossing the threshold in the development of humanity and the individual; The polarity of shame and fear; The polarity of doubt and terrifying disorientation; The polarity of scepticism and claustrophobia, astraphobia, and agoraphobia; The origin of panic; Anxiety; The multi-layered nature of terrifying disorientation; Healing aspects of the anthroposophical path of training; The spiritual-scientific qualities of fear compared with standardized diagnostic terms and as a basis for therapy.
Self-Deception Unmasked
by Alfred R. MeleSelf-deception raises complex questions about the nature of belief and the structure of the human mind. In this book, Alfred Mele addresses four of the most critical of these questions: What is it to deceive oneself? How do we deceive ourselves? Why do we deceive ourselves? Is self-deception really possible? Drawing on cutting-edge empirical research on everyday reasoning and biases, Mele takes issue with commonplace attempts to equate the processes of self-deception with those of stereotypical interpersonal deception. Such attempts, he demonstrates, are fundamentally misguided, particularly in the assumption that self-deception is intentional. In their place, Mele proposes a compelling, empirically informed account of the motivational causes of biased beliefs. At the heart of this theory is an appreciation of how emotion and motivation may, without our knowing it, bias our assessment of evidence for beliefs. Highlighting motivation and emotion, Mele develops a pair of approaches for explaining the two forms of self-deception: the "straight" form, in which we believe what we want to be true, and the "twisted" form, in which we believe what we wish to be false. Underlying Mele's work is an abiding interest in understanding and explaining the behavior of real human beings. The result is a comprehensive, elegant, empirically grounded theory of everyday self-deception that should engage philosophers and social scientists alike.
Self-Deception Unmasked
by Alfred R. MeleSelf-deception raises complex questions about the nature of belief and the structure of the human mind. In this book, Alfred Mele addresses four of the most critical of these questions: What is it to deceive oneself? How do we deceive ourselves? Why do we deceive ourselves? Is self-deception really possible? Drawing on cutting-edge empirical research on everyday reasoning and biases, Mele takes issue with commonplace attempts to equate the processes of self-deception with those of stereotypical interpersonal deception. Such attempts, he demonstrates, are fundamentally misguided, particularly in the assumption that self-deception is intentional. In their place, Mele proposes a compelling, empirically informed account of the motivational causes of biased beliefs. At the heart of this theory is an appreciation of how emotion and motivation may, without our knowing it, bias our assessment of evidence for beliefs. Highlighting motivation and emotion, Mele develops a pair of approaches for explaining the two forms of self-deception: the "straight" form, in which we believe what we want to be true, and the "twisted" form, in which we believe what we wish to be false. Underlying Mele's work is an abiding interest in understanding and explaining the behavior of real human beings. The result is a comprehensive, elegant, empirically grounded theory of everyday self-deception that should engage philosophers and social scientists alike.
Self, Culture and Consciousness: Interdisciplinary Convergences on Knowing and Being
by Sangeetha Menon Nithin Nagaraj V. V. BinoyThis volume brings together the primary challenges for 21st century cognitive sciences and cultural neuroscience in responding to the nature of human identity, self, and evolution of life itself. Through chapters devoted to intricate but focused models, empirical findings, theories, and experiential data, the contributors reflect upon the most exciting possibilities, and debate upon the fundamental aspects of consciousness and self in the context of cultural, philosophical, and multidisciplinary divergences and convergences. Such an understanding and the ensuing insights lie in the cusp of philosophy, neurosciences, psychiatry, and medical humanities. In this volume, the editors and contributors explore the foundations of human thinking and being and discuss both evolutionary/cultural embeddedness, and the self-orientation, of consciousness, keeping in mind questions that bring in the interdisciplinary complexity of issues such as the emergence of consciousness, relation between healing and agency, models of altered self, how cognition impacts the social self, experiential primacy as the hallmark of consciousness, and alternate epistemologies to understand these interdisciplinary puzzles.
Self-Consciousness and "Split" Brains: The Minds' I
by Elizabeth SchechterCould a single human being ever have multiple conscious minds? Some human beings do. The corpus callosum is a large pathway connecting the two hemispheres of the brain. In the second half of the twentieth century a number of people had this pathway cut through as a treatment for epilepsy. They became colloquially known as split-brain subjects. After the two hemispheres of the brain are cortically separated in this way, they begin to operate unusually independently of each other in the realm of thought, action, and conscious experience, almost as if each hemisphere now had a mind of its own. Philosophical discussion of the split-brain cases has overwhelmingly focused on questions of psychological identity in split-brain subjects, questions like: how many subjects of experience is a split-brain subject? How many intentional agents? How many persons? On the one hand, under experimental conditions, split-brain subjects often act in ways difficult to understand except in terms of each of them having two distinct streams or centers of consciousness. Split-brain subjects thus evoke the duality intuition: that a single split-brain human being is somehow composed of two thinking, experiencing, and acting things. On the other hand, a split-brain subject nonetheless seems like one of us, at the end of the day, rather than like two people sharing one body. In other words, split-brain subjects also evoke the unity intuition: that a split-brain subject is one person. Elizabeth Schechter argues that there are in fact two minds, subjects of experience, and intentional agents inside each split-brain human being: right and left. On the other hand, each split-brain subject is nonetheless one of us. The key to reconciling these two claims is to understand the ways in which each of us is transformed by self-consciousness.
Self-Consciousness and "Split" Brains: The Minds' I
by Elizabeth SchechterCould a single human being ever have multiple conscious minds? Some human beings do. The corpus callosum is a large pathway connecting the two hemispheres of the brain. In the second half of the twentieth century a number of people had this pathway cut through as a treatment for epilepsy. They became colloquially known as split-brain subjects. After the two hemispheres of the brain are cortically separated in this way, they begin to operate unusually independently of each other in the realm of thought, action, and conscious experience, almost as if each hemisphere now had a mind of its own. Philosophical discussion of the split-brain cases has overwhelmingly focused on questions of psychological identity in split-brain subjects, questions like: how many subjects of experience is a split-brain subject? How many intentional agents? How many persons? On the one hand, under experimental conditions, split-brain subjects often act in ways difficult to understand except in terms of each of them having two distinct streams or centers of consciousness. Split-brain subjects thus evoke the duality intuition: that a single split-brain human being is somehow composed of two thinking, experiencing, and acting things. On the other hand, a split-brain subject nonetheless seems like one of us, at the end of the day, rather than like two people sharing one body. In other words, split-brain subjects also evoke the unity intuition: that a split-brain subject is one person. Elizabeth Schechter argues that there are in fact two minds, subjects of experience, and intentional agents inside each split-brain human being: right and left. On the other hand, each split-brain subject is nonetheless one of us. The key to reconciling these two claims is to understand the ways in which each of us is transformed by self-consciousness.
Self-Consciousness and Objectivity: An Introduction to Absolute Idealism
by Sebastian RödlSebastian Rödl undermines a foundational dogma of contemporary philosophy: that knowledge, in order to be objective, must be knowledge of something that is as it is, independent of being known to be so. This profound work revives the thought that knowledge, precisely on account of being objective, is self-knowledge: knowledge knowing itself.
Self-Consciousness and Objectivity: An Introduction to Absolute Idealism
by Sebastian RödlSebastian Rödl undermines a foundational dogma of contemporary philosophy: that knowledge, in order to be objective, must be knowledge of something that is as it is, independent of being known to be so. This profound work revives the thought that knowledge, precisely on account of being objective, is self-knowledge: knowledge knowing itself.
Self Compassion: Stop Beating Yourself Up And Leave Insecurity Behind (The\instant Help Solutions Ser.)
by Kristin NeffKristin Neff PhD, is a professor in human development whose 10 years' of research forms the basis of her timely and highly readable book. Self Compassion offers a powerful solution for combating the current malaise of depression, anxiety and self criticism that comes with living in a pressured and competitive culture. Through tried and tested exercises and audio downloads, readers learn the 3 core components that will help replace negative and destructive measures of self worth and success with a kinder and non judgemental approach in order to bring about profound life change and deeper happiness. Self Compassion recognises that we all have weaknesses and limitations, but in accepting this we can discover new ways to achieve improved self confidence, contentment and reach our highest potential. Simply, easily and compassionately. Kristin Neff's expert and practical advice offers a completely new set of personal development tools that will benefit everyone.'A portable friend to all readers ... who need to learn that the Golden Rule works only if it's reversible: We must learn to treat ourselves as well as we wish to treat others.' Gloria Steinem 'A beautiful book that helps us all see the way to cure the world - one person at a time - starting with yourself. Read it and start the journey.' Rosie O'Donnell
The Self-Care Guide to Surgery: A BodyMindCORE Approach to Prevention, Preparation and Recovery
by Noah Karrasch· What should we do in preparation for an upcoming surgery?· What is the best way to recover after surgery?· How can we be proactive and prevent the need for surgery in the first place?Written for those who have undergone or who are about to have surgery, this guide will help readers find their way through the difficult maze of emotions, physical pain and fear. By including advice on what to do to aid recovery and reduce negative long-term effects, Karrasch teaches the reader how to take charge of the body, whether before or after surgery.The book also includes useful information about what we can do to take care of our bodies and avoid having surgery in the first place, such as nutritional advice and gentle movement tips drawing on BodyMindCORE techniques. It is the perfect guide for those not only facing surgery and those wanting to stay healthy, but also for those who want to love and support them.
Self-care for Tough Times: How to heal in times of anxiety, loss and change
by Suzy Reading'Tough times hurt, there is no getting around it. This book is here to help you through them.'Suzy Reading offers a gentle yet powerful process for developing a self-care toolkit to call on during difficult periods, such as relationship breakdown, illness or death in the family, financial strain, times of change and transition or when you feel uncertain and don't know which direction to take.Anxiety, fear and burnout are addressed, while Suzy also explores how stress and emotional trauma are held in the body, and how these may be gently released through touch, movement and breath.The practices included within are designed to promote healing and hope, and many are quick and easy for times when you feel exhausted or vulnerable so that you can both cope in the moment during tough times, then recover and restore after these difficult chapters of life.
Self-Care for the Real World: Practical self-care advice for everyday life
by Nadia Narain Katia Narain PhillipsTHE TOP TEN BESTSELLER'Unusually practical, non-patronising and authentic. Think Marie Kondo for the mind, if you will, or the Hemsleys for the soul.' Sunday TimesWellness pioneers Nadia Narain and Katia Narain Phillips have spent decades helping others to feel their best. But it took them a bit longer to learn to care for themselves. Here they share the small, achievable steps they picked up on a lifetime’s journey towards self-care, and how you can apply them to your life, wherever you are.Right now, you may be deep in the waves of life, being tossed around. Learning self-care is like building your own life boat, plank by plank. Once you’ve got your boat, you’ll still be rocked by the same waves, but you’ll have a feeling of safety, and a stability that means you can pick other people up on your way.