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Who Marries Whom?: Educational Systems as Marriage Markets in Modern Societies (European Studies of Population #12)
by Hans-Peter Blossfeld Andreas TimmMarriage and social inequality are closely interrelated. Marriage is dependent on the structure of marriage markets, and marriage patterns have consequences for social inequality. This book demonstrates that in most modern societies the educa tional system has become an increasingly important marriage market, particularly for those who are highly qualified. Educational expansion in general and the rising educational participation of women in particular unintentionally have increased the rate of "assortative meeting" and assortative mating across birth cohorts. Rising educational homogamy means that social inequality is further enhanced through marriage because better (and worse) educated single men and women pool their economic and sociocultural advantages (and disadvantages) within couples. In this book we study the changing role of the educational system as a marriage market in modern societies from a cross-national comparative perspective. Using life-history data from a broad range of industrialized countries and longitudinal statistical models, we analyze the process of spouse selection in the life courses of single men and women, step by step. The countries included in this book vary widely in important characteristics such as demographic behavior and institutional characteristics. The life course approach explicitly recognizes the dynamic nature of partner decisions, the importance of educational roles and institutional circum stances as young men and women move through their life paths, and the cumulation of advantages and disadvantages experienced by individuals.
Why Orwell Matters
by Christopher Hitchens"Hitchens presents a George Orwell fit for the twenty-first century." --Boston GlobeIn this widely acclaimed biographical essay, the masterful polemicist Christopher Hitchens assesses the life, the achievements, and the myth of the great political writer and participant George Orwell. True to his contrarian style, Hitchens is both admiring and aggressive, sympathetic yet critical, taking true measure of his subject as hero and problem. Answering both the detractors and the false claimants, Hitchens tears down the façade of sainthood erected by the hagiographers and rebuts the critics point by point. He examines Orwell and his perspectives on fascism, empire, feminism, and Englishness, as well as his outlook on America, a country and culture toward which he exhibited much ambivalence. Whether thinking about empires or dictators, race or class, nationalism or popular culture, Orwell's moral outlook remains indispensable in a world that has undergone vast changes in the seven decades since his death. Combining the best of Hitchens' polemical punch and intellectual elegance in a tightly woven and subtle argument, this book addresses not only why Orwell matters today, but how he will continue to matter in a future, uncertain world.
Wie das Internet die Politik verändert: Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Auswirkungen
by Arno RoggDie Beiträge beschreiben für verschiedene Teilgebiete der Politik, welche Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen sich durch den Einsatz der Neuen Medien für die Politik eröffnen.
Winning the World: Lessons for America's Future from the Cold War (Humanistic Perspectives on International Relations)
by Thomas NicholsAt the dawn of the 21st century, it should be evident that the Cold War of 1945-1991 was but the first of its kind. Nichols urges the reader to consider previous resolutions before another such conflict arises. He asserts that the Cold War was essentially a clash of ideologies tempered by the ever-present threat of nuclear annihilation. Victory for the West came quietly, without the final and utterly destructive war often envisioned.Undoubtedly, the end of the Cold War was a signal victory for the West, and for the United States in particular. Yet Nichols reminds that enemies of the ideals of democracy, capitalism, and liberty abound and will lash out against western states that hold true to them. When this occurs, it will be imperative for the West to remember key lessons taken from the Cold War. Nichols argues that conflicts driven by dissonant ideologies differ from wars fought over resources and territory, and must therefore be fought differently.
Wirkungen umweltpolitischer Maßnahmen: Abschätzungen mit zwei ökonometrischen Modellen (Umwelt und Ökonomie #35)
by Joachim Frohn Pu Chen Bernhard Hillebrand Wolfgang Lemke Christian Lutz Bernd Meyer Markus PullenFür die Beurteilung umweltpolitischer Maßnahmen müssen neben dem Grad der Zielerreichung auch die Effekte im ökonomischen und ökologisch-technischen Gesamtsystem prognostiziert werden. Dazu haben sich disaggregierte makroökonometrische Modelle als besonders nützlich erwiesen. In einem vom Umweltbundesamt initiierten Projekt wurden erstmals im deutschsprachigen Raum zwei verschiedene Modelle parallel benutzt. Die Zuverlässigkeit wurde dadurch erheblich verbessert. Das Modell PANTA RHEI der GWS (Osnabrück) und der Modellverbund des RWI (Essen) wurden um die Umweltbereiche Wasser, Klima, Luft und Boden erweitert und dann zur Simulation folgender umweltpolitischer Maßnahmen eingesetzt: Ökosteuer, Flächensteuer (jeweils verschiedene Varianten), Flächenangebots-Beschränkung, CO2-Steuer. Das Buch enthält die Beschreibung der Modellstrukturen, die Darstellung der Simulationen und eine vergleichende Diskussion der Ergebnisse.
With Malice (Mills And Boon Silhouette Ser.)
by Rachel LeeTwo seemingly unrelated murders put Tampa homicide detective Karen Sweeney in the crosshairs… Both victims were women–but what could connect an elderly nanny and a young exotic dancer? As Karen discovers, the answer is Senator Grant Lawrence, presidential contender…and a man with secrets.
With the Stroke of a Pen: Executive Orders and Presidential Power
by Kenneth MayerThe conventional wisdom holds that the president of the United States is weak, hobbled by the separation of powers and the short reach of his formal legal authority. In this first-ever in-depth study of executive orders, Kenneth Mayer deals a strong blow to this view. Taking civil rights and foreign policy as examples, he shows how presidents have used a key tool of executive power to wield their inherent legal authority and pursue policy without congressional interference. Throughout the nation's life, executive orders have allowed presidents to make momentous, unilateral policy choices: creating and abolishing executive branch agencies, reorganizing administrative and regulatory processes, handling emergencies, and determining how legislation is implemented. From the Louisiana Purchase to the Emancipation Proclamation, from Franklin Roosevelt's establishment of the Executive Office of the President to Bill Clinton's authorization of loan guarantees for Mexico, from Harry Truman's integration of the armed forces to Ronald Reagan's seizures of regulatory control, American presidents have used executive orders (or their equivalents) to legislate in ways that extend far beyond administrative activity. By analyzing the pattern of presidents' use of executive orders and the relationship of those orders to the presidency as an institution, Mayer describes an office much more powerful and active than the one depicted in the bulk of the political science literature. This distinguished work of scholarship shows that the U.S. presidency has a great deal more than the oft-cited "power to persuade."
Wohlfahrtspolitik und Globalisierung: Zur Diffusion der World Polity durch Organisationswandel und Wettbewerbsorientierung
by Raimund HasseIn diesem Buch werden institutionelle Hintergründe einer relativ gleichförmigen Veränderung der wohlfahrtspolitischen Entwicklung untersucht. Die Neuausrichtung der Wohlfahrtspolitik, so wird gezeigt, ist Resultat internationaler Verflechtung und organisatorischen Wandels in sämtlichen Politikbereichen.
Women in Prison: A Reference Handbook (Contemporary World Issues)
by Cyndi BanksA concise survey of the treatment of jailed women in America since the early 1800s, their unique problems, the effect on their families, and the state of prisons today.Focusing on an often overlooked subject, this volume explores women's incarceration, from the first women-only prison to modern state-of-the-art facilities. It explores controversies, problems, and solutions, such as excessive discipline, the lack of training programs, sexual abuse, medical services, and visitation policies.The book also investigates key issues such as the background of inmates, the disproportionate number of African American and Hispanic prisoners because of the "war on drugs," and how women cope with the separation from their children and families. A full chapter is devoted to important people and events, from the first female jail keeper in 1822 to changing prison goals and the impact of feminism.
Women Making Constitutions: New Politics and Comparative Perspectives
by A. Dobrowolsky V. HartThis volume provides a timely and revealing account of women's constitutional strategies and struggles. It compares and contrasts the latest constitutional developments within the United Kingdom with women's past and present struggles in countries including Canada, the United States and South Africa. Through theoretical engagement and practical experiences, the contributors develop crucial arguments on the nature and effect of constitutional change, equality, women's rights and representation. This shows how women, through their words and deeds, have challenged and shaped the nature and forms of constitutionalism.
Women's Movements Facing The Reconfigured State (PDF)
by Lee Ann Banaszak Karen Beckwith Dieter RuchtThis book examines the relationship between women's movements and states in West Europe and North America, as states have relocated their formal powers and policy-making responsibilities. Since the 1980s, North American and West European states have reduced the scope and volume of their national responsibilities, increasingly employing neoliberal free market rhetoric, and developed transnational economic and political authorities. Simultaneously, second wave women's movements have been transformed. Movements that were revolutionary in rhetoric, autonomous from states, and largely informally organized in the 1970s are, by the 1990s, employing moderate neoliberal rhetoric, entering state institutions as active participants, and creating more formal organizations. Utilizing a common theoretical framework, the contributors examine how movements have influenced the reconfiguration of nation-states and how these changes have influenced the goals, mobilization, tactics, success and rhetoric of women's movements in various Western European and North American countries.
Woodrow Wilson and Harry Truman: Mission and Power in American Foreign Policy
by Anne PierceRecurring throughout our history are the ideas that repressive governments are doomed to failure; that liberty is a motivating force; that freedom comes with responsibilities and must be guided by principles; that the example of our democracy is a challenge to all forms of political repression and an inspiration to those desiring to be free. Wilson and Truman took these ideas as the starting point for their policy formulation and pronouncements. Truman both acknowledged his indebtedness to Wilson and learned from his mistakes. This study places the two presidents within the broader American tradition and explores the way they combined reverence for the past with innovative policies.Pierce provides a cohesive argument against those who simplify and categorize American ideals in order to demean them. Her findings show that the assumption that Wilson was an idealist while Truman was a realist distorts our understanding of these men and denies the seriousness of their positions. She reveals Truman's brilliance as a foreign policy strategist and his fervency as a spokesperson for American ideals. He was never willing to dispense with geopolitics for the sake of internationalism, nor with internationalism for the sake of geopolitics, but insisted that our mission and our power were combined threads in our work for freedom. Truman's wisely construed version of Wilsonianism, which itself was an interpretation of America's mission and power, holds great promise for the United States today.
The Words We Live By: Your Annotated Guide to the Constitution
by Linda R. MonkTHE WORDS WE LIVE BY takes an entertaining and informative look at America's most important historical document, now with discussions on new rulings on hot button issues such as immigration, gay marriage, gun control, and affirmative action.In THE WORDS WE LIVE BY, Linda Monk probes the idea that the Constitution may seem to offer cut-and-dried answers to questions regarding personal rights, but the interpretations of this hallowed document are nearly infinite. For example, in the debate over gun control, does "the right of the people to bear arms" as stated in the Second Amendment pertain to individual citizens or regulated militias? What do scholars say? Should the Internet be regulated and censored, or does this impinge on the freedom of speech as defined in the First Amendment? These and other issues vary depending on the interpretation of the Constitution.Through entertaining and informative annotations, THE WORDS WE LIVE BY offers a new way of looking at the Constitution. Its pages reflect a critical, respectful and appreciative look at one of history's greatest documents. THE WORDS WE LIVE BY is filled with a rich and engaging historical perspective along with enough surprises and fascinating facts and illustrations to prove that your Constitution is a living--and entertaining--document.Updated now for the first time, THE WORDS WE LIVE BY continues to take an entertaining and informative look at America's most important historical document, now with discussions on new rulings on hot button issues such as immigration, gay marriage, and affirmative action.
Worlds Apart: Civil Society and the Battle for Ethical Globalization
by John D ClarkGlobalization is one of the most politically charged issues of our time. This book aims to bridge the divide between its advocates and its critics, but, rather than trying to find middle ground, the author looks at globalization through the lens of poor people and poor countries, arguing for a different management of global changes that ensures everyone a share in its opportunities. His is a call for ethical globalization. An influential and globalizing civil society has a great opportunity to be a critical player - but this could be a brief window. Its advocacy largely pillories deficiencies in the system instead of promoting viable alternatives. The author seeks to change this by applying his experience from both sides of the ideological divide - working with NGOs, governments and the World Bank - to analyse the system's faults and suggest a fresh framework for transforming global relations and redressing injustices.
Worlds Apart: Civil Society and the Battle for Ethical Globalization
by John D ClarkGlobalization is one of the most politically charged issues of our time. This book aims to bridge the divide between its advocates and its critics, but, rather than trying to find middle ground, the author looks at globalization through the lens of poor people and poor countries, arguing for a different management of global changes that ensures everyone a share in its opportunities. His is a call for ethical globalization. An influential and globalizing civil society has a great opportunity to be a critical player - but this could be a brief window. Its advocacy largely pillories deficiencies in the system instead of promoting viable alternatives. The author seeks to change this by applying his experience from both sides of the ideological divide - working with NGOs, governments and the World Bank - to analyse the system's faults and suggest a fresh framework for transforming global relations and redressing injustices.
Wrestling With The Angel: The Mystery Of Delacroix's Mural
by Jean-Paul KauffmannNear the end of his life, the great Romantic artist Eug-ne Delacroix (1798-1863) painted one of the most enigmatic episodes from the Bible: Jacob wrestling with the angel. This painting, which decorates the wall of the Chapel of the Holy Angels in the Paris church of Saint-Sulpice, is Delacroix's "spiritual testament". But Sain-Sulpice is a mysterious church where everything happens behind the scenes. A fan of Inspector Maigret, Jean-Paul Kauffmann investigates the painting and the church, paying particular attention to its hidden history. He searches for clues in a bar in Dieppe, a castle in Quercy, a village in the Argonne, an oak tree in the forest at S-nart, even a golf course in the Loiret. The trail leads him to an art critic, a lecturer at the Louvre, and a sculptor who has a studio in the attic of Saint-Sulpice itself. All these intertwining threads finally come together in a central motif in which Kauffmann himself is involved. There comes a time in which everyone must wrestle with the angel.
Young people and contradictions of inclusion: Towards Integrated Transition Policies in Europe
by Andreu López Blasco Wallace McNeishYoung people and contradictions of inclusion critically assesses policies addressing young people's transitions from school to employment. It presents and discusses the findings of seven EU-funded projects involving 13 countries: Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
Youth unemployment and social exclusion in Europe: A comparative study
by Torild HammerThis important new book presents the findings of the first comparative study of unemployed youth in Europe using a large and original data set. It addresses some of the key questions around the issue including: How do young people cope with unemployment? Does unemployment lead to social exclusion of young people, implying a withdrawal from society, financial deprivation and social isolation? Drawing on a research sample of over 17000 young unemployed people in ten European countries, the book examines how different welfare strategies and labour market policies in different countries influence the risk of social exclusion among unemployed youth.
Zukunft der Energieversorgung
by Innovationsbeirat der Landesregierung vonDie Versorgung der Menschen mit wirtschaftlich verfügbarer und zugleich umweltverträglicher Energie in ausreichendem Umfang ist eine entscheidende Frage der Zukunft. Verantwortungsvolle Energiepolitik muss diese Herausforderung annehmen und langfristig verlässliche Rahmenbedingungen für eine nachhaltige Ausgestaltung dieses energiepolitischen Dreiecks sicherstellen. Die vielschichtige Themenstellung und teilweise grundsätzlichen Interessenlagen erfordern eine ausgewogene und rationale Behandlung. Der Innovationsbeirat der Landesregierung von Baden-Württemberg (IBR) und der Wissenschaftlich-Technische Beirat der Bayerischen Staatsregierung (WTB) haben sich des Themas 'Zukunft der Energieversorgung' angenommen. Die vorliegende Publikation gibt das Ergebnis einer Expertenanhörung wieder und enthält zusätzlich zentrale Leitlinien und Empfehlungen der beiden Beiräte für die Ausgestaltung einer nachhaltigen Energiepolitik.
Zur Geschäftsordnung: Technik und Taktik bei Versammlungen, Sitzungen und Diskussionen
by Hermann MeierGremien, Kommissionen und Versammlungen beeinflussen unser Leben: In den Parlamenten und Parteiversammlungen wird nicht nur debattiert - hier fallen Entscheidungen, die jeden unmittelbar betreffen. Doch nicht nur in der "großen" Politik, auch im Alltag haben Gremien - z.B. Stadtrat, Schulkonferenz, Vereinsversammlung, Eigentümerversammlung - mehr Einfluss auf unser Leben als uns oft bewusst ist. Und nicht immer laufen die Entscheidungsprozesse so ab, wie wir es uns wünschen. Denn wer sich in den Gremien nicht auskennt, wird trotz besserer Argumente leicht an die Wand gedrückt - von denen, die die Regeln kennen, nach denen Sitzungen ablaufen und die darüber hinaus die Tricks und Kniffe beherrschen, sie zum eigenen Vorteil auszunutzen, und die sich so den kleinen, aber oft entscheidenden Vorteil verschaffen. Dieses Buch verringert den Informationsvorsprung, den die "alten Taktiker" Ihnen voraus haben. Es entstand aus der Praxis für die Praxis: Gedacht für alle, die sich - ob als Teilnehmer oder als Leiter - in Gremien, Versammlungen und Sitzungen zu bewähren haben.
Zur Rationalität von Volksabstimmungen: Der Gentechnikkonflikt im direktdemokratischen Verfahren
by Maria-Luise SchneiderDie Einführung von Volksabstimmungen auf Bundesebene stößt in Deutschland auf großes Interesse, aber auch auf Skepsis. Können in Abstimmungskontroversen komplizierte politische Entscheidungsfragen überhaupt angemessen diskutiert werden? Anhand einer vergleichenden Fallstudie über eine Volksabstimmung in der Schweiz und ein Volksbegehren in Österreich zum Thema Gentechnik werden die deliberative Leistungsfähigkeit der öffentlichen Debatte und die Kampagnenstrategien der Akteure untersucht. Die direkte Demokratie erweist sich als fähig, auch außerordentlich komplexe Themen so zu verarbeiten, dass die Bürger sich orientieren können. Es zeigt sich aber auch: Volksabstimmungen sind keine "Joker", wenn es darum geht, technikkritische Einstellungen der Bürger gegen vermeintlich nicht-repräsentative Lobbyinteressen in Anschlag zu bringen. Etablierte industriegesellschaftliche Werte dominieren, wenn sie direkt mit ökologischen und ethischen Aspekten in Konkurrenz gebracht werden.
Zwischen Regulierung und Wettbewerb: Netzsektoren in Deutschland
by Günter Knieps Gert BrunekreeftDie Öffnung der Netzsektoren Telekommunikation, Elektrizität, Luftverkehr, Eisenbahn und Nahverkehr für den Wettbewerb erfordert die Neubestimmung von Art und Umfang staatlicher Eingriffe in das Marktgeschehen. Aufbauend auf der theoretischen Analyse zentraler Fragen der Regulierungspraxis bietet das Buch mit der konsequenten Anwendung des disaggregierten Regulierungsansatzes auf die jeweils sektorspezifischen Problemstellungen eine Darlegung des jeweiligen Regulierungsbedarfs und eine fundierte Erörterung aktueller Probleme. Der einheitliche Analyserahmen verdeutlicht dem Leser Parallelen und Unterschiede zwischen den Sektoren und erleichtert eine eigenständige Auseinandersetzung mit aktuellen wettbewerbspolitischen Fragestellungen. Mit einer Reihe von Aktualisierungen und Ergänzungen wird der Tatsache Rechnung getragen, dass die Marktöffnung in den Netzsektoren durchaus kein abgeschlossener Prozess ist.
Policy Passages: Career Options for Policy Wonks
by Howard J. WiardaWhat options are available now or in the future for students interested in a public policy career? How do they train, network, and advance in the field? Students, parents, professors, guidance counselors, and department chairs are often frustrated by the absence of a solid, readable book on policy careers and options. This book presents the career stories of twenty scholars and policy practitioners who have worked in Congress, the State Department, the CIA, Defense, international agencies, think tanks, the media, and major law firms—all of whom have been influential in shaping public policy—to give readers an accurate and realistic view of life outside the academic world.No other book provides this type of solid advice for young policy professionals and for older scholars considering career changes. As such, it is vital reading in guidance and department collections, and an essential addition to the personal bookshelves of individual students, scholars, and researchers.
Problems at the Roots of Law: Essays in Legal and Political Theory
by Joel FeinbergFeinberg is one of the leading philosophers of law of the last forty years. This volume collects recent articles, both published and unpublished, on what he terms "basic questions" about the law, particularly in regard to the relationship to morality. Accessibly and elegantly written, this volume's audience will reflect the diverse nature of Feinberg's own interests: scholars in philosophy of law, legal theory, and ethical and moral theory.
Anti-Capitalism: A Marxist Introduction
by Lecio MoraisThis book is a collection of essays from some of the world's leading Marxist economists on the problems of globalisation and the evolution of modern capitalism. *BR**BR*With contributions from Suzanne de Brunhoff, Ellen Meiksins Wood, Ben Fine, Simon Clarke, John Holloway and John Weeks among others, it provides a cohesive critique of the weaknesses of the existing system and puts forward a new agenda for anti-capitalist thought and action. *BR**BR*Covering key issues such as globalisation, the nation state, money and finance, conflict and war, technological change, the environment, class struggle, economic crisis, capitalism in the Third World, the collapse of the USSR, and the transcendence of capitalism, this is an ideal introduction to some of the most pressing problems of our time.