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Critical Muslim 4: Pakistan
Ziauddin Sardar questions the question mark that is always placed in front of Pakistan, Robin Yassin-Kassab asks why Pakistan has not imploded, Taimur Khan breaks bread with the gangsters and bookies of Karachi, Muhammad Idrees Ahmad revisits Peshawar, Mahvish Ahmad tracks down the separatist in Quetta, Ehsan Masood watches Pakistani television, Merryl Wyn Davies deconstructs 'imaginariums' of Pakistan, Aamer Hussein discusses Pakistani modern classic fiction, Bina Shah asks if there is boom in Pakistani literature, Bilal Tanweer listens to 'Coke Studio', Muneeza Shamsie discovers the literary secrets of her family, Taymiya R. Zaman overcomes her fear of talking about Pakistan, Ali Maraj assesses Imran Khan, Shazia Mirza tells rude jokes in Lahore, and a fake novel by Ibn-e-Safi is spotted in Bahwalnagar. Plus a new translation of an old short story by A R Khatoon, a new story by Yasir Shah, poems by Ghalib, John Siddique and Zehra Nigah, Atia Jilani's Quranic art, photographs by Ayesha Malik, and 'Ten Things We Love About Pakistan'. About Critical Muslim: A quarterly publication of ideas and issues showcasing groundbreaking thinking on Islam and what it means to be a Muslim in a rapidly changing, interconnected world. Each edition centers on a discrete theme, and contributions include reportage, academic analysis, cultural commentary, photography, poetry, and book reviews.
Critical Muslim 5: Love and Death
Aamer Hussein takes love to its logical conclusion, Robert Irwin traces the origins of the ghazal (love lyric), Christopher Shackle recites epic Panjabi poems of sacred love and lyrical death, Imranali Panjwani mourns the massacre of Karbala, Martin Rose istaken hostage by Saddam Hussein, Jalees Rahman reflects on Nazi doctors who took delight in deathly experiments, Ramin Jahanbegloo is incarcerated in the notorious Evin prison, Hamza Elahi visits England's Muslim graveyards, Shanon Shah receives valuable guidance on love and sex from the "Obedient Wives Club", Samia Rahman sets out in search of love, Khola Hasan has mixed feelings about her hijab, Sabita Manian promotes love between India and Pakistan, Boyd Tonkin discovers that dead outrank the living in Jerusalem , Alev Adil takes "a night journey through a veiled self" and Irna Qureshi's mother finally makes a decision on her final resting place. Also in this issue: Parvez Manzoor throws scorn on a nihilistic, revisionist history of Islam, Naomi Foyle reads the first novel of a British Palestinian, Ahmad Khan explores the colonial history of The Aborigines' Protection Society, a short story by the famous Fahmida Riaz, Syrian scenarios by Manhal al-Sarraj, poems by Sabrina Mahfouz and Michael Wolf, Rachel Dwyer's list of Top Ten Muslim Characters in Bollywood and Merryl Wyn Davies's "last word" on love and death at the movies. About Critical Muslim: A quarterly publication of ideas and issues showcasing groundbreaking thinking on Islam and what it means to be a Muslim in a rapidly changing, interconnected world. Each edition centers on a discrete theme, and contributions include reportage, academic analysis, cultural commentary, photography, poetry, and book reviews.
Critical Terms for Religious Studies (Critical Terms)
A century that began with modernism sweeping across Europe is ending with a remarkable resurgence of religious beliefs and practices throughout the world. Wherever one looks today, from headlines about political turmoil in the Middle East to pop music and videos, one cannot escape the pivotal role of religious beliefs and practices in shaping selves, societies, and cultures. Following in the very successful tradition of Critical Terms for Literary Studies and Critical Terms for Art History, this book attempts to provide a revitalized, self-aware vocabulary with which this bewildering religious diversity can be accurately described and responsibly discussed. Leading scholars working in a variety of traditions demonstrate through their incisive discussions that even our most basic terms for understanding religion are not neutral but carry specific historical and conceptual freight. These essays adopt the approach that has won this book's predecessors such widespread acclaim: each provides a concise history of a critical term, explores the issues raised by the term, and puts the term to use in an analysis of a religious work, practice, or event. Moving across Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and Native American and Mayan religions, contributors explore terms ranging from experience, territory, and image, to God, sacrifice, and transgression. The result is an essential reference that will reshape the field of religious studies and transform the way in which religion is understood by scholars from all disciplines, including anthropology, sociology, psychology, cultural studies, gender studies, and literary studies.
Critical Theory and the Critique of Antisemitism (Critical Theory and the Critique of Society)
This volume provides a systematic re-examination of the Frankfurt School's theory of antisemitism and, employing this critical theory, investigates the presence of antisemitism in 20th- and 21st-century politics and society. Critical Theory and the Critique of Antisemitism uncovers how critical theory differs from mainstream socialist or liberal critiques of antisemitism, as it frames its rejection of antisemitism in the critique of other aspects of modern capitalist society, which traditional theories leave unchallenged or critique only in passing. Amongst others, these include issues of identity, nation, race, and sexuality. In exploring the Frankfurt School's writings on antisemitism therefore, the chapters in this book reveal connections to other pressing societal issues, such as racism more broadly, patriarchy, statism, and the societal dynamics of the ever-evolving capitalist mode of production. Putting the theory to practice, this volume brings together interdisciplinary scholars and activists who employ critical theory to scrutinise right- and left-wing manifestations of antisemitism. They develop, in their critique of antisemitism, a critique of capitalism, as the authors ask: why does modern capitalist society seem bound to produce antisemitism? And how do we challenge it? At a time when the rise of populism internationally has brought with it new strains of antisemitism, this is an essential resource that demonstrates the continuing relevance of the critical theory of the Frankfurt School for the struggle against antisemitism today.
Crossroads of Heritage and Religion: Legacy and Sustainability of World Heritage Site Moravian Christiansfeld
Looking at the crossroads between heritage and religion through the case study of Moravian Christiansfeld, designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site in July 2015, this anthology reaches back to the eighteenth century when the church settlement was founded, examines its legacy within Danish culture and modern society, and brings this history into the present and the ongoing heritagization processes. Finally, it explores the consequences of the listing for the everyday life in Christiansfeld and discusses the possible and sustainable futures of a religious community in a World Heritage Site.
‘Cult’ Rhetoric in the 21st Century: Deconstructing the Study of New Religious Movements (Religion at the Boundaries)
Examining contemporary understandings of the term 'cult', this book brings together scholars from multiple disciplines, including sociology, anthropology and religious studies. Focusing on how 'cult rhetoric' affects our perceptions of new religious movements, the contributors explore how these minority groups have developed and deconstruct the language we use to describe them.Ranging from the 'Cult of Trump' and 'Cult of COVID', to the campaigns of mass media, this book recognises that contemporary 'cult rhetoric' has become hybridised and suggests a more nuanced study of contemporary religion. Topics include online religions, political 'cults', 'apostate' testimony and the current 'othered' position of the study of minority religions.
Cultural Approaches to Studying Religion: An Introduction to Theories and Methods
Examining the analytic tools of scholars in religious studies, as well as in related disciplines that have shaped the field, this updated textbook includes cultural approaches from anthropology, history, literature, and critical studies in race, sexuality, and gender.Each chapter is written by a leading scholar and includes:the biographical and historical context of each theoristtheir approaches and key writingsanalysis and evaluation of each theorya list of key termssuggested further readingPart One: Comparative Approaches considers how major features such as taboo, texts, myths, and ritual work across religious traditions. This section explores the work of Mary Douglas, Phyllis Trible, Wendy Doniger, Catherine Bell and, new to this edition, Tomoko Masuzawa, whose contributions reveal the colonialist assumptions of the comparative, world religions model.Part Two: Examining Particularities analyzes the comparative approach through the work of Alice Walker, Charles Long, and Caroline Walker Bynum, who all suggest that the specifics of race, body, place and time must be considered.Part Three: Expanding Boundaries examines Gloria Anzaldúa's language of religion, as well as the work ofJudith Butler on performative, queer theories of religion, Saba Mahmood, whose work considers postcolonial religious encounters, secularism, and the relationship between “East” and “West”. New to this edition is Jasbir Puar's work on work on affect, gender, sexuality, and disability.Along with a list of key terms, each section now includes an introduction highlighting the contributions of each thinker and their relation to previous theories that dominated the field.
Cultures of Calvinism in Early Modern Europe
Scholars have associated Calvinism with print and literary cultures, with republican, liberal, and participatory political cultures, with cultures of violence and vandalism, enlightened cultures, cultures of social discipline, secular cultures, and with the emergence of capitalism. Reflecting on these arguments, the essays in this volume recognize that Reformed Protestantism did not develop as a uniform tradition but varied across space and time. The authors demonstrate that multiple iterations of Calvinism developed and impacted upon differing European communities that were experiencing social and cultural transition. They show how these different forms of Calvinism were shaped by their adherents and opponents, and by the divergent political and social contexts in which they were articulated and performed. Recognizing that Reformed Protestantism developed in a variety of cultural settings, this volume analyzes the ways in which it related to the multi-confessional cultural environment that prevailed in Europe after the Reformation.
Cyber Muslims: Mapping Islamic Digital Media in the Internet Age
Through an array of detailed case studies, this book explores the vibrant digital expressions of diverse groups of Muslim cybernauts: religious clerics and Sufis, feminists and fashionistas, artists and activists, hajj pilgrims and social media influencers. These stories span a vast cultural and geographic landscape-from Indonesia, Iran, and the Arab Middle East to North America. These granular case studies contextualize cyber Islam within broader social trends: racism and Islamophobia, gender dynamics, celebrity culture, identity politics, and the shifting terrain of contemporary religious piety and practice. The book's authors examine an expansive range of digital multimedia technologies as primary “texts.” These include websites, podcasts, blogs, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube channels, online magazines and discussion forums, and religious apps. The contributors also draw on a range of methodological and theoretical models from multiple academic disciplines, including communication and media studies, anthropology, history, global studies, religious studies, and Islamic studies.
Cyberwar – die Digitalisierung der Kriegsführung: Fragen zur Gewalt • Band 6 (Gerechter Frieden)
Die Digitalisierung der Kriegsführung fordert klassische und etablierte Sicherheitsvorkehrungen in einem bislang nicht bekannten Maße heraus: Das reicht von der zunehmenden Verschmelzung militärischer und ziviler Räume über ihre hohe Wirkasymmetrie bis hin zum Problem der Attribution. Dabei ist das Phänomen des Cyberwar nicht unumstritten. Ist er – so eine zentrale Frage dieses Bandes – mit konventionellen Vorstellungen von Gewalt, Krieg und Kriegsführung kompatibel? Die Autorinnen und Autoren reflektieren den Begriff des Cyberwar und seine Implikationen aus technologischer, friedenspolitischer, völkerrechtlicher, rüstungspolitischer und theologischer Perspektive.
Cyprus Within the Biblical World: Are Borders Barriers? (Jewish and Christian Texts)
This volume moves discussion of ancient Israelite culture beyond concepts of isolation and borders, factoring in already well-known insights from classical studies and ancient history that take greater account of the impressive connections between all the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Specifically, the contributors focus on Cyprus and the Bible and offer archaeological and biblical insights to consider how and in what ways, Cyprus and Cypriot culture was related to biblical life and perceptions. Though the Mediterranean separated Palestine from Cyprus, it also joined them; archaeological finds expose significant trade relations and cultural commonalities, not only in the Hellenistic and late-Roman eras, but for many centuries prior. These relations developed and became even more intimate in the later biblical period, as evidenced by early Jewish and Christian writings. By exploring various methods of cultural contact, the contributors suggest that further examination of cultural links between Cyprus and Palestine in the biblical period can repay dividends in understanding the development of ancient Israelite religion, early Judaism, and early Christianity.
Defining Shugendo: Critical Studies on Japanese Mountain Religion
Defining Shugendo brings together leading international experts on Japanese mountain asceticism to discuss what has been an essential component of Japanese religions for more than a thousand years. Contributors explore how mountains have been abodes of deities, a resting place for the dead, sources of natural bounty and calamities, places of religious activities, and a vast repository of symbols. The book shows that many peoples have chosen them as sites for ascetic practices, claiming the potential to attain supernatural powers there. This book discusses the history of scholarship on Shugendo, the development process of mountain worship, and the religious and philosophical features of devotion at specific sacred mountains. Moreover, it reveals the rich material and visual culture associated with Shugendo, from statues and steles, to talismans and written oaths.
Democracy, Religion, and Commerce: Private Markets and the Public Regulation of Religion (Law and Religion)
This collection considers the relationship between religion, state, and market. In so doing, it also illustrates that the market is a powerful site for the cultural work of secularizing religious conflict. Though expressed as a simile, with religious freedom functioning like market freedom, “free market religion” has achieved the status of general knowledge about the nature of religion as either good or bad. It legislates good religion as that which operates according to free market principles: it is private, with no formal relationship to government; and personal: a matter of belief and conscience. As naturalized elements of historically contingent and discursively maintained beliefs about religion, these criteria have ethical and regulatory force. Thus, in culture and law, the effect of the metaphor has become instrumental, not merely descriptive. This volume seeks to productively complicate and invite further analysis of this easy conflation of democracy, religion, and the market. It invites scholars from a variety of disciplines to consider more intentionally the extent to which markets are implicated and illuminate the place of religion in public life. The book will be a valuable resource for researchers and academics working in the areas of law and religion, ethics, and economics.
DenkWege - Ethik und Seelsorge in der Polizei: Für Werner Schiewek (Geschichte und Ethik der Polizei und öffentlichen Verwaltung)
Ethik und Seelsorge sind Bereiche, in denen menschliches Sein und Handeln reflektierend begleitet wird, um Orientierung, Unterstützung oder Trost zu geben. Bei Berufen, in denen Menschen auf eine gewaltverstrickte Lebenswelt treffen, ihrerseits staatlich legitimiert Gewalt ausüben und selbst von Gewalt betroffen sind, tauchen dabei besondere Widersprüche und Sinnfragen auf.Diese Herausforderungen in den Blick zu nehmen und an der Schnittstelle von Philosophie und praktischer Theologie zu erörtern, so wie es der Münsteraner Theologe Werner Schiewek richtungsweisend vorgezeichnet hat, ist das Ziel des vorliegenden Bandes.
Der Augenblick: Kulturwissenschaftliche Erkundungen
Die Texte des Bandes untersuchen aus kulturwissenschaftlicher Perspektive das Phänomen "Augenblick" und entfalten seine zeitsoziolgische wie auch ästhetische und kunsttheoretische Bedeutungsvielfalt.Der InhaltTeil A: Panorama: Augenblicke. Wegmarken im Fluss der Zeit. Einige Denkanstöße.Teil B: Klassische und moderne Traditionen: Augenblicke als gestaltete Zeit. Grundsätzliches und Geschichtliches.- Einladung Gottes. Der Augenblick in Bibel und Theologie.- Augenblick mal! Zeit- und kultursoziologische Aspekte der Begegnung.Teil C: Sondierungen im sozialen Raum: Bedeutungsvielfalt von Augenblicken. Soziale Situationen – Konversionen – individuelle Ereignisse.- Wille und Vorstellung: kairos und Geschichte. Machiavelli und die Kunst des Scheiterns.- Ausnahmezustände. Carl Schmitts Theorie des Politischen.Teil D: Literarische und künstlerische Verarbeitungen: Modelle des Augenblicks als ästhetische Epiphanie in der Erzählprosa des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts.- Ein Augenblick im Museum. Wahrnehmungen und Erinnerungsprozesse anlässlich von Besuchen kulturhistorischer Museen.- Vom Geschick, das sich entzieht. Augenblicke in der Lyrik.Die ZielgruppeStudierende und Lehrende, Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der Sozialwissenschaften, Philosophie, Theologie, Politikwissenschaft und KulturwissenschaftDie AutorenDr. Alfred Bellebaum ist Professor für Soziologie (em.) an der Universität Koblenz-Landau und Honorarprofessor an der Universität Bonn.Dr. Dr. Robert Hettlage ist Professor für Soziologie (em.) an der Universität Regensburg.
Derrida's Bible: Reading a Page of Scripture With a Little Help From Derrida (Religion/Culture/Critique)
In the last few years, Derrida has gained a great deal of attention from scholars of biblical studies and theology. The contributors to Derrida's Bible explore the relationships between Derrida, theory, and religious studies. Unlike other books on Derrida, this collection is primarily focused on biblical studies, where others are concerned with Derrida and religion in general.
Deutsch-jüdische Literatur: 120 Porträts
120 jüdische Autoren deutscher Sprache im Porträt. Börne, Heine, Buber, Zweig, Canetti, Celan, Becker und Klüger und viele andere haben die Literatur nachhaltig geprägt. Wer sich mit ihrem Leben und Werk auseinandersetzt, sollte das Taschenlexikon unbedingt zur Hand nehmen.
Devotional Visualities: Seeing Bhakti in Indic Material Cultures (Bloomsbury Studies in Material Religion)
This book is the first to focus on material visualities of bhakti imagery that inspire, shape, convey, and expand both the visual practices of devotional communities, as well as possibilities for extending the reach of devotion in society in new and often unexpected ways. Communities of interpreters of bhakti images discussed in this book include not only a number of distinctive Hindu bhakti groups, but also artisans, diaspora women, South Asian Sufis, businessmen, dancers, and filmmakers.This book's identification of devotional practices of looking, such as materializing memory, mirroring and immaterializing portraits, and shaping the return look, connect material and visual cultures as well as illustrate modes of established and experimental image usage.Bhakti is one of the most-studied aspects of Indic devotionalism on account of its expression through emotive poetry, song, and vivid hagiographies of saints. The diverse devotional visualities analyzed in this book meaningfully circulate bhakti images in past and present, generating their renewed relationship to contemporary concerns.
Die Lebenssituation von Migrantinnen und Migranten in Österreich: Ergebnisse einer Umfrage unter Zugewanderten
Die Zuwanderung der letzten Jahrzehnte stellt einen der zentralen Prozesse des sozialen Wandels in Österreich dar. In sozialwissenschaftlichen Erhebungen sind Personen mit Migrationshintergrund jedoch meist unterrepräsentiert. Der vorliegende Band präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer Zusatzerhebung zum Sozialen Survey Österreich 2016, mit dem Ziel, zentrale Werthaltungen, Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen von Zugewanderten zu erfassen und mit jenen der heimischen Bevölkerung zu vergleichen. Dabei werden verschiedene Lebensbereiche wie Familie, Arbeit, Politik und Religion diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse werfen ein neues Licht auf die Frage der Integration der Zugewanderten in Österreich.
Differences in Identity in Philosophy and Religion: A Cross-Cultural Approach
This book explores the constitutive role alterity plays in identity formation in Western and Eastern traditions. It examines the significance of difference in conceptions of identity across major philosophical and religious traditions in a global and comparative context, considering Ancient Greek and Egyptian, Chinese, Islamic, European and Japanese philosophies. In addition, the book opens up discussion of less dominant trends in philosophical thinking, particularly the spaces between self-same existence and otherness in the histories of philosophical and religious thought. Chapters critique both essentialist and postmodern understandings of self-constitution by questioning the ordinary narrative of identity construction across Western and non-Western traditions. The book also explores the construction of selfhood from a wide range of perspectives, drawing upon individual philosophers (including Plotinus, Descartes, Geulincx, Hume, de Beauvoir and Ueda) as well as religious and philosophical movements, including Confucian philosophy, Zen Buddhism, Protestantism and Post-Phenomenology. Differences in Identity in Philosophy and Religion represents a landmark study, drawing together a range of approaches, perspectives and traditions to explore how identity is constructed across the world.
Digital Middle East: State and Society in the Information Age
In recent years, the Middle East's information and communications landscape has changed dramatically. Increasingly, states, businesses, and citizens are capitalizing on the opportunities offered by new information technologies, the fast pace of digitization, and enhanced connectivity. These changes are far from turning Middle Eastern nations into network societies, but their impact is significant. The growing adoption of a wide variety of information technologies and new media platforms in everyday life has given rise to complex dynamics that beg for a better understanding. Digital Middle East sheds a critical light on continuing changes that are closely intertwined with the adoption of information and communication technologies in the region. Drawing on case studies from throughout the Middle East, the contributors explore how these digital transformations are playing out in the social, cultural, political, and economic spheres, exposing the various disjunctions and discordances that have marked the advent of the digital Middle East.
Digitale Bewertungspraktiken: Für eine Bewertungssoziologie des Digitalen (Soziologie des Wertens und Bewertens)
Dieser Sammelband plädiert dafür, Bewertungssoziologie und digitale Soziologie zusammenzudenken. Im Feld der Bewertungssoziologie wird gefragt, wie Dinge oder Handlungen (un)wertvoll werden oder wie es zur (De-)Stabilisierung von Wertordnungen kommt. Diese Perspektive ermöglicht es, digitale Infrastrukturen und ihre Grenzen neu zu betrachten – so sind Bewertungen nicht nur ein konstitutiver Bestandteil von Plattformen wie Airbnb, im Digitalen werden zudem Werte wie Privatheit erschüttert und die politische Debattenkultur verändert. Digitale Technik bringt Bewertungspraktiken mit hervor. Sie leitet und transformiert Bewertungen aber auch, mitunter in radikaler oder intransparenter Form (Stichwort: Fake News). Vor diesem Hintergrund beleuchtet das Buch methodologische Probleme einer digitalen Bewertungssoziologie und erkundet zugleich unterschiedliche Fallbeispiele – von Big Data und öffentlicher Soziologie über den Kampf gegen Filterblasen bis zum Onlinedating.
Disenfranchised Grief: Examining Social, Cultural, and Relational Impacts
Disenfranchised Grief expands the professional helper’s understanding of the grief experiences that result from social, cultural, and relational oppression, microaggressions, disempowerment, and overt violence. The authors blend trauma-informed practice and recent research on critical race theory, cultural humility, and intersectionality to both broaden mental health professionals’ conceptualization of disenfranchised grief and its impacts and promote equity and inclusion among populations that have been marginalized.
Dispute Resolution in Islamic Finance: Alternatives to Litigation? (Routledge Islamic Studies Series)
Dispute Resolution in Islamic Finance addresses how best to handle disputes within Islamic finance. It examines how they can be resolved in a less confrontational manner and ensure such disagreements are settled in a just and fair way. There has been little focus on how disputes within Islamic finance are resolved. As a result, many of these disputes are resolved through litigation, notwithstanding that the various jurisdictions and court systems are generally poorly equipped to handle such matters. This book addresses this gap in our knowledge by focusing on five centres of Islamic finance: the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Malaysia, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Before exploring these countries in detail, the book considers the issues of the choice of law within Islamic finance as well the prevailing forms of dispute resolution in this form of finance. The book brings together a group of leading scholars who are all specialists on the subject in the countries they examine. It is a key resource for students and researchers of Islamic finance, and aimed at lawyers, finance professionals, industry practitioners, consultancy firms, and academics.
Distant Markets, Distant Harms: Economic Complicity and Christian Ethics
Does a consumer who bought a shirt made in another nation bear any moral responsibility when the women who sewed that shirt die in a factory fire or in the collapse of the building? Many have asserted, without explanation, that because markets cause harms to distant others, consumers bear moral responsibility for those harms. But traditional moral analysis of individual decisions is unable to sustain this argument. Distant Harms, Distant Markets presents a careful analysis of moral complicity in markets, employing resources from sociology, Christian history, feminism, legal theory, and Catholic moral theology today. Because of its individualistic methods, mainstream economics as a discipline is not equipped to understand the causality entailed in the long chains of social relationships that make up the market. Critical realist sociology, however, has addressed the character and functioning of social structures, an analysis that can helpfully be applied to the market. The True Wealth of Nations research project of the Institute for Advanced Catholic Studies brought together an international group of sociologists, economists, moral theologians, and others to describe these causal relationships and articulate how Catholic social thought can use these insights to more fully address issues of economic ethics in the twenty-first century. The result was this interdisciplinary volume of essays, which explores the causal and moral responsibilities that consumers bear for the harms that markets cause to distant others.