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State-Sponsored Disinformation Around the Globe: How Politicians Deceive their Citizens (Routledge Studies in Media, Communication, and Politics)

This book explores the pervasive and globalised trajectory of domestic disinformation. It describes specific operations and general apparatuses of disinformation that are sponsored by the State institutions in several countries around the world, such as governments, political parties, and politicians.With an international team of expert authors, this volume meticulously scrutinises instances of State-sponsored disinformation across a diverse spectrum of 14 countries encompassing Western and Eastern Europe, North and Latin America, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. It examines how political landscapes amplify or constrain disinformation, advancing a comprehensive understanding of its dynamics in the contemporary global milieu. The book is organised in three sections that gather case studies from democratic, non-democratic, and transitional regimes.Advancing the field of misinformation and disinformation studies by specialising in State-sponsored operations and their consequences, this book will be an essential volume for scholars and upper-level students of media and communication studies, journalism, political communication, disinformation and misinformation, social media, sociology, and international politics.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license

Statebuilding Missions and Media Development: A Context-Sensitive Approach (Routledge Studies in Intervention and Statebuilding)

This book examines the effects of media interventions in the global South, and argues for a more adaptive and context-sensitive media development. The work investigates media development as part of statebuilding and the effects that Western-led media has in, and on, a newly built state. Drawing on extensive fieldwork, including interviews, observations and social surveys, it analyses the effect media interventions has on global South countries, from the population’s point of view. The findings show that in practice media development can be alien to the societies in which a free press is implemented, which can lead to unintended and negative consequences for social relations in a country. While the book uses South Sudan as a case study, it also presents different perspectives and shows that local views on the media are different from those of Western experts and policymakers. Therefore, the book advocates taking local views seriously and an adaptive media development that is sensitive to the context in which it is set up. This book will be of much interest to students of statebuilding, media studies, development studies and international relations in general.

Statebuilding Missions and Media Development: A Context-Sensitive Approach (Routledge Studies in Intervention and Statebuilding)

This book examines the effects of media interventions in the global South, and argues for a more adaptive and context-sensitive media development. The work investigates media development as part of statebuilding and the effects that Western-led media has in, and on, a newly built state. Drawing on extensive fieldwork, including interviews, observations and social surveys, it analyses the effect media interventions has on global South countries, from the population’s point of view. The findings show that in practice media development can be alien to the societies in which a free press is implemented, which can lead to unintended and negative consequences for social relations in a country. While the book uses South Sudan as a case study, it also presents different perspectives and shows that local views on the media are different from those of Western experts and policymakers. Therefore, the book advocates taking local views seriously and an adaptive media development that is sensitive to the context in which it is set up. This book will be of much interest to students of statebuilding, media studies, development studies and international relations in general.

Stateless Core: Winning Thesis of the 2001 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Competition (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #2979)

Statesmanship: The Best of the New Statesman, 1913-2019

No British periodical or weekly magazine has a richer and more distinguished archive than the New Statesman, which has long been at the centre of British political and cultural life. If not quite at the centre, then at the most energetic, subversive end of the progressive centre-left. Kingsley Martin, editor of the New Statesman from 1930 to 1960, wrote that "life on the NS was always a battle. After all, I had been brought up as a dissenter and I tended to see all problems as moral issues."The magazine has notably recognized and published new writers and critics, as well as encouraged major careers. Many of the most notable political and cultural writers of the recent past have written for the New Statesman. Many have been on its staff or were associates of it: HG Wells, George Bernard Shaw, JM Keynes, VS Pritchett, Paul Johnson, Claire Tomalin, Christopher Hitchens and John Gray. The most significant intellectual and cultural currents of the age ripple through its pages. There is, too, a rich history of poetry and fiction and illustration and cartoons to draw on, from Low's sketches of the great and the good to the gonzo art of Ralph Steadman and the bold cover illustrations and caricatures of André Carrilho.The book is more than an anthology. It tells the story of the New Statesman, from the eve of the First World War to the long aftermath of 9/11 and the populist upheavals of today. It looks forward as well as back, offering a unique and unpredictable perspective on politics, literature and the world.

Statesmen in Caricature: The Great Rivalry of Fox and Pitt the Younger in the Age of the Political Cartoon (International Library of Political Studies)

The years 1780 to 1820 have long been seen as the Golden Age of the English satirical print. This period witnessed a number of changes in style which had far-reaching consequences, including an increase in the effectiveness of the caricature as visual propaganda. William Pitt the Younger and Charles James Fox were the leading politicians of the age, continuing a family rivalry begun by their fathers. They were amongst the most caricatured men of their time and became emblems of the two sides of the political debate whilst gathering personal followings, based upon personality rather than filial or political patronage. Fox and Pitt the Younger came to represent a more modern notion of the party leader, in an age before formalized political parties and structures. Neil Howe here shows how `stock images' came to the fore and examines the central role they played within the visual representation of politicians during the late-eighteenth century. His book also chronicles how the biggest political rivalry of the age played out within contemporary caricature, from the emergence of Fox and Pitt as big political beasts in the wake of the American Revolution, though the East India Bill Crisis; Regency Crisis and French Revolution to the death of both men in 1806.

Statesmen in Caricature: The Great Rivalry of Fox and Pitt the Younger in the Age of the Political Cartoon (International Library of Political Studies)

The years 1780 to 1820 have long been seen as the Golden Age of the English satirical print. This period witnessed a number of changes in style which had far-reaching consequences, including an increase in the effectiveness of the caricature as visual propaganda. William Pitt the Younger and Charles James Fox were the leading politicians of the age, continuing a family rivalry begun by their fathers. They were amongst the most caricatured men of their time and became emblems of the two sides of the political debate whilst gathering personal followings, based upon personality rather than filial or political patronage. Fox and Pitt the Younger came to represent a more modern notion of the party leader, in an age before formalized political parties and structures. Neil Howe here shows how `stock images' came to the fore and examines the central role they played within the visual representation of politicians during the late-eighteenth century. His book also chronicles how the biggest political rivalry of the age played out within contemporary caricature, from the emergence of Fox and Pitt as big political beasts in the wake of the American Revolution, though the East India Bill Crisis; Regency Crisis and French Revolution to the death of both men in 1806.

Static: Government Liars, Media Cheerleaders, and the People Who Fight Back

Torture. Kidnapping. Bogus wars. Illegal wiretapping. Propaganda. Spies in the newsrooms. Oil profiteers. Soldiers who won't fight. Mothers of fallen soldiers Who will.In Static, the bestselling brother-sister team of Amy Goodman, host of Democracy Now!, and investigative journalist David Goodman takes on government liars, corporate profiteers, and the media that have acted as their cheerleaders. The authors cut through the official static to show the truth about war, torture, and government control of the media. Static breaks the sound barrier to present the voices of dissidents, activists, and others who are often frozen out of official debate.Read Static. Become informed. Fight back. Defend democracy.

Statistical Analyses for Language Testers

Provides a step-by-step approach to the most useful statistical analyses for language test developers and researchers using IBM SPSS, Winsteps and Facets. It contains clearly-worked out examples for each analysis with detailed explanations.

Statistical Analysis of Network Data with R (Use R! #65)

The new edition of this book provides an easily accessible introduction to the statistical analysis of network data using R. It has been fully revised and can be used as a stand-alone resource in which multiple R packages are used to illustrate how to conduct a wide range of network analyses, from basic manipulation and visualization, to summary and characterization, to modeling of network data. The central package is igraph, which provides extensive capabilities for studying network graphs in R. The new edition of this book includes an overhaul to recent changes in igraph. The material in this book is organized to flow from descriptive statistical methods to topics centered on modeling and inference with networks, with the latter separated into two sub-areas, corresponding first to the modeling and inference of networks themselves, and then, to processes on networks. The book begins by covering tools for the manipulation of network data. Next, it addresses visualization and characterization of networks. The book then examines mathematical and statistical network modeling. This is followed by a special case of network modeling wherein the network topology must be inferred. Network processes, both static and dynamic are addressed in the subsequent chapters. The book concludes by featuring chapters on network flows, dynamic networks, and networked experiments. Statistical Analysis of Network Data with R, 2nd Ed. has been written at a level aimed at graduate students and researchers in quantitative disciplines engaged in the statistical analysis of network data, although advanced undergraduates already comfortable with R should find the book fairly accessible as well.

Statistical Deception at Work

Written to reveal statistical deceptions often thrust upon unsuspecting journalists, this book views the use of numbers from a public perspective. Illustrating how the statistical naivete of journalists often nourishes quantitative misinformation, the author's intent is to make journalists more critical appraisers of numerical data so that in reporting them they do not deceive the public. The book frequently uses actual reported examples of misused statistical data reported by mass media and describes how journalists can avoid being taken in by them. Because reports of survey findings seldom give sufficient detail of methods on the actual questions asked, this book elaborates on questions reporters should ask about methodology and how to detect biased questions before reporting the findings to the public. As such, it may be looked upon as an "elements of style" for reporting statistics.

Statistical Deception at Work

Written to reveal statistical deceptions often thrust upon unsuspecting journalists, this book views the use of numbers from a public perspective. Illustrating how the statistical naivete of journalists often nourishes quantitative misinformation, the author's intent is to make journalists more critical appraisers of numerical data so that in reporting them they do not deceive the public. The book frequently uses actual reported examples of misused statistical data reported by mass media and describes how journalists can avoid being taken in by them. Because reports of survey findings seldom give sufficient detail of methods on the actual questions asked, this book elaborates on questions reporters should ask about methodology and how to detect biased questions before reporting the findings to the public. As such, it may be looked upon as an "elements of style" for reporting statistics.

Statistical Methods for Communication Science (Routledge Communication Series)

Statistical Methods for Communication Science is the only statistical methods volume currently available that focuses exclusively on statistics in communication research. Writing in a straightforward, personal style, author Andrew F. Hayes offers this accessible and thorough introduction to statistical methods, starting with the fundamentals of measurement and moving on to discuss such key topics as sampling procedures, probability, reliability, hypothesis testing, simple correlation and regression, and analyses of variance and covariance. Hayes takes readers through each topic with clear explanations and illustrations. He provides a multitude of examples, all set in the context of communication research, thus engaging readers directly and helping them to see the relevance and importance of statistics to the field of communication.Highlights of this text include:*thorough and balanced coverage of topics;*integration of classical methods with modern "resampling" approaches to inference;*consideration of practical, "real world" issues;*numerous examples and applications, all drawn from communication research;*up-to-date information, with examples justifying use of various techniques; and*a CD with macros, data sets, figures, and additional materials.This unique book can be used as a stand-alone classroom text, a supplement to traditional research methods texts, or a useful reference manual. It will be invaluable to students, faculty, researchers, and practitioners in communication, and it will serve to advance the understanding and use of statistical methods throughout the discipline.

Statistical Methods for Communication Science (Routledge Communication Series)

Statistical Methods for Communication Science is the only statistical methods volume currently available that focuses exclusively on statistics in communication research. Writing in a straightforward, personal style, author Andrew F. Hayes offers this accessible and thorough introduction to statistical methods, starting with the fundamentals of measurement and moving on to discuss such key topics as sampling procedures, probability, reliability, hypothesis testing, simple correlation and regression, and analyses of variance and covariance. Hayes takes readers through each topic with clear explanations and illustrations. He provides a multitude of examples, all set in the context of communication research, thus engaging readers directly and helping them to see the relevance and importance of statistics to the field of communication.Highlights of this text include:*thorough and balanced coverage of topics;*integration of classical methods with modern "resampling" approaches to inference;*consideration of practical, "real world" issues;*numerous examples and applications, all drawn from communication research;*up-to-date information, with examples justifying use of various techniques; and*a CD with macros, data sets, figures, and additional materials.This unique book can be used as a stand-alone classroom text, a supplement to traditional research methods texts, or a useful reference manual. It will be invaluable to students, faculty, researchers, and practitioners in communication, and it will serve to advance the understanding and use of statistical methods throughout the discipline.

Statistical Robust Beamforming for Broadcast Channels and Applications in Satellite Communication (Foundations in Signal Processing, Communications and Networking #22)

This book investigates adaptive physical-layer beamforming and resource allocation that ensure reliable data transmission in the multi-antenna broadcast channel. The book provides an overview of robust optimization techniques and modelling approximations to deal with stochastic performance metrics. One key contribution of the book is a closed-form description of the achievable rates with unlimited transmit power for a rank-one channel error model. Additionally, the book provides a concise duality framework to transform mean square error (MSE) based beamformer designs, e.g., quality of service and balancing optimizations, into equivalent uplink filter designs. For the algorithmic solution, the book analyses the following paradigm: transmission to receivers with large MSE targets (low demands) is switched off if the transmit power is low. The book also studies chance constrained optimizations for limiting the outage probability. In this context, the book provides two novel conservative outage probability approximations, that result in convex beamformer optimizations. To compensate for the remaining inaccuracy, the book introduces a post-processing power allocation. Finally, the book applies the introduced beamformer designs for SatCom, where interference from neighboring spotbeams and channel fading are the main limitations.

Statistik: Eine verständliche Einführung

Dieses Lehrbuch der statistischen Datenanalyse wurde speziell für Einführungskurse konzipiert und richtet sich an alle, die eine leicht verständliche Einführung in die sozialwissenschaftliche Statistik suchen. Es bezieht sich auf das Feld der Erziehungs- und Sozialwissenschaften und behandelt den Stoff nicht als inhaltsunabhängiges mathematisches Wissen. Sie lernen: • Die Basismethoden der Deskriptiv- und Inferenzstatistik • Die wichtigsten Techniken der graphischen Darstellung • Die Logik statistischen Argumentierens • Die Grundzüge komplexerer statistischer Verfahren • Outputs von SPSS bzw. SYSTAT richtig zu lesen • Resultate statistischer Analysen zu interpretieren • Ergebnisse von Forschungsprojekten zu verstehen

Statistische Datenanalyse im Journalismus: Fallstudien und wissenschaftliche Anforderungen zum Einsatz fortgeschrittener statistischer Methoden

Dieses Buch zeigt anhand von journalistischen Fallbeispielen, warum und wie fortgeschrittene statistische Analysemethoden eingesetzt werden können, um aussagekräftige journalistische Informationen aus Daten zu extrahieren. Gleichzeitig setzt das Buch einen Anforderungsrahmen für die datenjournalistische Arbeit bezüglich Datenkompetenz und -visualisierung, dem Einsatz von Algorithmen sowie daten-ethischen Anforderungen und der Überprüfung externer Studien. Ziel ist es, die Qualität und Aussagekraft datenjournalistischer Arbeiten zu verbessern, welche, neben der angemessenen Erfassung und Aufbereitung von Daten, wesentlich von einer adäquaten Datenanalyse abhängen. Aber wie statistisch arbeiten Datenjournalist:innen heute eigentlich? Und wie statistisch können oder sollten sie arbeiten, um den Ansprüchen ihrer Leserschaft in Sachen Verständlichkeit gerecht zu werden, auch mit Blick auf deren unterschiedliches mathematisch-statisches Vorwissen? Das Buch zielt darauf ab, diese Fragen zu beantworten, indem es weiterführende statistische Methoden anhand von Fallstudien untersucht. Es verdeutlicht, warum diese Methoden auch im journalistischen Kontext oftmals problemangemessener sind und tiefer gehende Erkenntnisse liefern als vereinfachte Analysen und Basismethoden. Die Fallstudien decken dabei die wichtigsten statistischen Methoden ab: Verteilungen und Tests, Klassifikation, Regression, Zeitreihenanalyse, Clusteranalyse, Analyse von sequentiellen Daten ohne direkten Zeitbezug, Verwendung von Vorwissen und geplante Studien.

Statistische Informationstechnik: Signal - und Mustererkennung, Parameter- und Signalschätzung

Die Autoren behandeln die Signalerkennung im Rauschen, die Mustererkennung sowie die Parameter- und Signalschätzung. Grundlegende Fragen veranschaulichen sie anhand von Anwendungsbeispielen. Berücksichtigt werden moderne Verfahren wie Wavelet-Transformation und neben klassischen Detektionsverfahren auch neuere, beispielsweise Klassifikatoren, die auf neuronale Netze und Fuzzy-Logik aufbauen. Die 5. Auflage wurde im Bereich des maschinellen Lernens substanziell erweitert. Der Band ist geeignet für Studierende wie für Ingenieure in der Praxis.

Statistische Nachrichtentheorie: Erster Teil: Signalerkennung und Parameterschätzung (Hochschultext)

Statistische Nachrichtentheorie: Signal- und Mustererkennung, Parameter- und Signalschätzung

Statistische Nachrichtentheorie: Erster Teil Signalerkennung und Parameterschätzung (Hochschultext)

Statistische Nachrichtentheorie: Teil 2: Signalschätzung (Hochschultext)

Statistische Signale: Grundlagen und Anwendungen

Der Praktiker erhält einen ausreichenden Hintergrund für den experimentellen Umgang mit Signalen.Die einzelnen Abschnitte beginnen mit einer kurzen Herleitung oder Definition und schließen mit durchgerechneten Beispielen.

Statistische Signale: Grundlagen und Anwendungen

Dieses Lehrbuch behandelt statistische Signalmodelle aus der Sicht der Systemtheorie. Es entstand aus Vorlesungen des Autors an der TH Darmstadt für Studenten der Nachrichten- und Regelungstechnik nach dem Vorexamen. Im Gegensatz zur klassischen Theorie werden in diesem Buch Signale durch Zufallsprozesse modelliert. Nach einem kurzen Abriß der wichtigsten Gesetze der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung werden Zufallsvariable und Zufallsprozesse behandelt. Hieran schließt sich die Betrachtung der Zusammenhänge zwischen den Eigenschaften des Eingangs- und des Ausgangsprozesses eines Systems an. Breiten Raum nehmen dabei Korrelationsfunktionen und Leistungsdichtespektren ein. Im zweiten Teil des Buches werden Anwendungen statistischer Sig- nalmodelle dargestellt. Im Vordergrund steht dabei die Optimierung linearer Systeme. Im einzelnen werden diskutiert: Signalangepaßtes Filter, Prädiktor, Optimalfilter nach Wiener und Kolmogoroff, Kalman-Filter und adaptive Filter. Die einzelnen Abschnitte des Buches beginnen in der Regel mit einer kurzen Herleitung oder einer Definition. Anschließend werden die neu eingeführten Größen diskutiert und Verbindungen zu bereits bekannten Zusammenhängen hergestellt. Jeder Abschnitt schließt mit durchgerechneten Beispielen. Die Darstellung des Stoffes bewegt sich auf dem Mittelweg zwischen "rein anschaulich" und "streng formal". Das Buch gibt daher einem Praktiker einen ausreichenden Hintergrund für den experimentellen Umgang mit Signalen. Gleichzeitig bereitet es Theoretiker auf das Studium weiterführender Darstellungen vor.

The Status Game: On Social Position And How We Use It

From the Sunday Times bestselling author of The Science of Storytelling, a bold and ambitious investigation of the hidden structure behind human behaviour: status