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Transitions from Digital Communications to Quantum Communications: Concepts and Prospects
by Malek Benslama Hadj Batatia Abderraouf MessaiThis book addresses the move towards quantum communications, in light of the recent technological developments on photonic crystals and their potential applications in systems. The authors present the state of the art on extensive quantum communications, the first part of the book being dedicated to the relevant theory; quantum gates such as Deutsch gates, Toffoli gates and Dedekind gates are reviewed with regards to their feasibility as electronic circuits and their implementation in systems, and a comparison is performed in parallel with conventional circuits such as FPGAs and DSPs. The specifics of quantum communication are also revealed through the entanglement and Bell states, and mathematical and physical aspects of quantum optical fibers and photonic crystals are considered in order to optimize the quantum transmissions. These concepts are linked with relevant, practical examples in the second part of the book, which presents six integrated applications for quantum communications.
Transitions from Digital Communications to Quantum Communications: Concepts and Prospects
by Malek Benslama Hadj Batatia Abderraouf MessaiThis book addresses the move towards quantum communications, in light of the recent technological developments on photonic crystals and their potential applications in systems. The authors present the state of the art on extensive quantum communications, the first part of the book being dedicated to the relevant theory; quantum gates such as Deutsch gates, Toffoli gates and Dedekind gates are reviewed with regards to their feasibility as electronic circuits and their implementation in systems, and a comparison is performed in parallel with conventional circuits such as FPGAs and DSPs. The specifics of quantum communication are also revealed through the entanglement and Bell states, and mathematical and physical aspects of quantum optical fibers and photonic crystals are considered in order to optimize the quantum transmissions. These concepts are linked with relevant, practical examples in the second part of the book, which presents six integrated applications for quantum communications.
Transitivity In Translating: The Interdependence Of Texture And Context (pdf)
by Maria Calzada PérezThis book proposes an overall framework of communication (including translation) that follows CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis)/CL (Critical Linguistics) principles; it devises an analytic tool for the study of transitivity in translation along Hallidayian-functionalist lines; and it incorporates a contrastive corpus of 52 speeches made before the European Parliament in English and Spanish on 9th March 1993 together with their corresponding translations. Both sentence and textual levels become units of analysis. Also, quantitative and qualitative methods are applied. The author analyses the various types of transitivity shifts at sentence level. She also shows that these shifts have contextual effects. Another focus of this study is to present how certain transitivity shifts group together.
Transkription: Ein Leitfaden mit Aufgaben für Studenten, Forscher und Laien (Qualitative Sozialforschung #10)
by Norbert DittmarDas Buch liefert eine Darstellung von gängigen Transkriptionsverfahren in wissenschaftlichen und institutionellen Bereichen nach Kriterien der jeweiligen Gebrauchsfunktionen und Anleitung zur Anfertigung von Transkriptionen nach den Vorgaben eines bestimmten Systems.
Transkription von Video- und Filmdaten in der Qualitativen Sozialforschung: Multidisziplinäre Annäherungen an einen komplexen Datentypus
by Christine MoritzWährend die Transkription einer Audioaufzeichnung (z.B. von Interviews) als Usus bezeichnet wird und auf ein Set an etablierten Verfahren zurückgreifen kann, wird über unterschiedliche Formen der Transkription von Video- und Filmdaten in den einzelnen Disziplinen der Qualitativen Sozialforschung anhaltend diskutiert. Die Notwendigkeit einer Erfassung der Bedeutungsträger in ihrer Linearität und Gleichzeitigkeit wird in den meisten Fällen durch die Kombination aus interpretativen und deskriptiven Verfahren mithilfe diagrammatischer Schreibweisen („Partituren“) gelöst. Quer zur disziplinären Forschungspraxis finden sich Gemeinsamkeiten bei der Videotranskription in multidisziplinärer Weise, weshalb der Sammelband die derzeit bestehenden Transkriptions-Praktiken des Videos oder des Films aus verschiedenen Fächern des deutschsprachigen und internationalen Raumes bündelt.
Transkulturelle Öffentlichkeitsakteure: Gestaltungspotenziale in der deutsch-polnischen politischen Kommunikation
by Johanna MöllerJohanna Möller untersucht das kommunikative Handeln grenzüberschreitend medial agierender deutscher und polnischer Eliteakteure. Gefragt wird nach Gestaltungspotenzialen in der öffentlichen politischen Kommunikation. Vorrangig auf Basis qualitativer Interviews rekonstruiert die Autorin aus der Perspektive dieser transkulturellen Öffentlichkeitsakteure Möglichkeiten, sich grenzüberschreitend medial zu beteiligen und die verschiedenen Öffentlichkeiten zu prägen. So werden zum einen kommunikative Kompetenzen als Handwerkszeug öffentlich-kommunikativen Handelns und zum anderen Akteursmodi als Formen und Möglichkeiten öffentlichen Auftretens ermittelt. Solche Gestaltungspotenziale werden schließlich über eine qualitative Medieninhaltsanalyse in charakteristische Diskurskontexte der deutsch-polnischen politischen Kommunikation eingeordnet.
Transkulturelle Vernetzungen: Zur Nutzung digitaler Medien durch junge russische Migranten in Deutschland (Medien • Kultur • Kommunikation)
by Caroline DüvelIn einer empirischen Untersuchung zeigt Caroline Düvel, welche Bedeutung junge russische Migranten dem Mobiltelefon und dem Internet zuschreiben und in welcher Beziehung die Mediennutzung zu ihrer kulturellen Verortung steht. Herausgearbeitet wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der Medienaneignung und der Artikulation kultureller Identität durch die jungen Russen sowie zwischen ihrer Integration in soziale Beziehungsnetzwerke von Freunden, Familie und Arbeit. Diese Umgangsweisen der Mediennutzung lassen sich in vier Typen unterteilen, die sich im Spektrum von Herkunftsorientierung und kultureller Bewahrung bis hin zu Integration und Ankunft im Aufnahmeland bewegen. Der Studie zugrundeliegende Konzepte sind Mediatisierung, transkulturelle Medienforschung sowie Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Integration.
Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism and Education
by O. Garcia L. WeiWinner of the British Association of Applied Linguistics Book Prize 2014This book addresses how the new linguistic concept of 'Translanguaging' has contributed to our understandings of language, bilingualism and education, with potential to transform not only semiotic systems and speaker subjectivities, but also social structures.
Translating across Sensory and Linguistic Borders: Intersemiotic Journeys between Media
by Ricarda Vidal Madeleine CampbellThis book analyses intersemiotic translation, where the translator works across sign systems and cultural boundaries. Challenging Roman Jakobson’s seminal definitions, it examines how a poem may be expressed as dance, a short story as an olfactory experience, or a film as a painting. This emergent process opens up a myriad of synaesthetic possibilities for both translator and target audience to experience form and sense beyond the limitations of words. The editors draw together theoretical and creative contributions from translators, artists, performers, academics and curators who have explored intersemiotic translation in their practice. The contributions offer a practitioner’s perspective on this rapidly evolving, interdisciplinary field which spans semiotics, cognitive poetics, psychoanalysis and transformative learning theory. The book underlines the intermedial and multimodal nature of perception and expression, where semiotic boundaries are considered fluid and heuristic rather than ontological. It will be of particular interest to practitioners, scholars and students of modern foreign languages, linguistics, literary and cultural studies, interdisciplinary humanities, visual arts, theatre and the performing arts.
Translating and Communicating Environmental Cultures (Routledge Studies in Empirical Translation and Multilingual Communication)
by Meng JiEnvironmental translation studies has gained momentum in recent years as a new area of research underscored by the need to communicate environmental concerns and studies across cultures. The dissemination of translated materials on environmental protection and sustainable development has played an instrumental role in transforming local culture and societies. This edited book represents an important effort to advance environmental studies by introducing the latest research on environmental translation and cross-cultural communication. Part I of the book presents the newest research on multilingual environmental resource development based at leading research institutes in Europe, Latin America, North America, and the Asia-Pacific. Part II offers original, thought-provoking linguistic, textual and cultural analyses of environmental issues in genres as diverse as literature, nature-based tourism promotion, environmental marketing, environmental documentary, and children’s reading. Chapters in this book represent original research authored by established and mid-career academics in translation studies, computer science, linguistics, and environmental studies around the world. The collection provides engaging reading and references on environmental translation and communication to a wide audience across academia.
Translating and Communicating Environmental Cultures (Routledge Studies in Empirical Translation and Multilingual Communication)
by Meng JiEnvironmental translation studies has gained momentum in recent years as a new area of research underscored by the need to communicate environmental concerns and studies across cultures. The dissemination of translated materials on environmental protection and sustainable development has played an instrumental role in transforming local culture and societies. This edited book represents an important effort to advance environmental studies by introducing the latest research on environmental translation and cross-cultural communication. Part I of the book presents the newest research on multilingual environmental resource development based at leading research institutes in Europe, Latin America, North America, and the Asia-Pacific. Part II offers original, thought-provoking linguistic, textual and cultural analyses of environmental issues in genres as diverse as literature, nature-based tourism promotion, environmental marketing, environmental documentary, and children’s reading. Chapters in this book represent original research authored by established and mid-career academics in translation studies, computer science, linguistics, and environmental studies around the world. The collection provides engaging reading and references on environmental translation and communication to a wide audience across academia.
Translating and Interpreting in Korean Contexts: Engaging with Asian and Western Others (Routledge Advances in Translation and Interpreting Studies)
by Ji-Hae Kang Judy WakabayashiThe focus of this volume is on how the people of the Korean Peninsula—historically an important part of the Sinocentric world in East Asia and today a vital economic and strategic site—have negotiated oral and written interactions with their Asian neighbors and Europeans in the past and present through the mediation of translators and interpreters. These encounters have been shaped by political, social, and cultural factors, including the shared use of the Chinese writing system in East Asia for many centuries, attitudes toward other Asians and Westerners, and perceptions of Korean identity in relation to these Others. After exploring aspects of historical interactions, the volume addresses how the role and practice of translation and interpreting have recently evolved as a result of the development of digital technology, an increase in the number of immigrants, and changes in political and cultural dynamics in the region. It covers a range of historical and contemporary aspects, genres, and venues that extend beyond the common yet restrictive focus on literary translation and includes discussions of translator training and academic studies of translation and interpreting in Korea.
Translating and Interpreting in Korean Contexts: Engaging with Asian and Western Others (Routledge Advances in Translation and Interpreting Studies)
by Ji-Hae Kang Judy WakabayashiThe focus of this volume is on how the people of the Korean Peninsula—historically an important part of the Sinocentric world in East Asia and today a vital economic and strategic site—have negotiated oral and written interactions with their Asian neighbors and Europeans in the past and present through the mediation of translators and interpreters. These encounters have been shaped by political, social, and cultural factors, including the shared use of the Chinese writing system in East Asia for many centuries, attitudes toward other Asians and Westerners, and perceptions of Korean identity in relation to these Others. After exploring aspects of historical interactions, the volume addresses how the role and practice of translation and interpreting have recently evolved as a result of the development of digital technology, an increase in the number of immigrants, and changes in political and cultural dynamics in the region. It covers a range of historical and contemporary aspects, genres, and venues that extend beyond the common yet restrictive focus on literary translation and includes discussions of translator training and academic studies of translation and interpreting in Korea.
Translating Change: Enhanced Practical Skills for Translators
by Ann Pattison Stella CragieTranslating Change explores and analyses the impact of changes in society, culture and language on the translation and interpreting process and product. It looks at how social attitudes, behaviours and values change over time, how languages respond to these changes, how these changes are reflected in the processing and production of translations and how technological change and economic uncertainty in the wake of events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and Brexit affect the translation market. The authors examine trends in language change in English, French, German, Italian and Spanish. The highly topical approach to social, cultural and language change is predominantly synchronic and pragmatic, based on tracking and analysing language changes and trends as they have developed and continue to do so. This is combined with an innovative section on developing transferable translation-related skills, including writing and rewriting, editing, abstracting, transcreation and summary writing in view of a perceived need to expand the skills portfolio of translators in a changing market and at the same time to maximise translation quality. Each chapter features Pause for Thought/activity boxes to encourage active reader participation or reflection. With exercises, discussion questions, guided further reading throughout and a glossary of key terms, this innovative textbook is key reading for both students and translators or interpreters, in training and in practice.
Translating Change: Enhanced Practical Skills for Translators
by Ann Pattison Stella CragieTranslating Change explores and analyses the impact of changes in society, culture and language on the translation and interpreting process and product. It looks at how social attitudes, behaviours and values change over time, how languages respond to these changes, how these changes are reflected in the processing and production of translations and how technological change and economic uncertainty in the wake of events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and Brexit affect the translation market. The authors examine trends in language change in English, French, German, Italian and Spanish. The highly topical approach to social, cultural and language change is predominantly synchronic and pragmatic, based on tracking and analysing language changes and trends as they have developed and continue to do so. This is combined with an innovative section on developing transferable translation-related skills, including writing and rewriting, editing, abstracting, transcreation and summary writing in view of a perceived need to expand the skills portfolio of translators in a changing market and at the same time to maximise translation quality. Each chapter features Pause for Thought/activity boxes to encourage active reader participation or reflection. With exercises, discussion questions, guided further reading throughout and a glossary of key terms, this innovative textbook is key reading for both students and translators or interpreters, in training and in practice.
Translating Children's Literature (Translation Practices Explained)
by Gillian LatheyTranslating Children’s Literature is an exploration of the many developmental and linguistic issues related to writing and translating for children, an audience that spans a period of enormous intellectual progress and affective change from birth to adolescence. Lathey looks at a broad range of children’s literature, from prose fiction to poetry and picture books. Each of the seven chapters addresses a different aspect of translation for children, covering: · Narrative style and the challenges of translating the child’s voice; · The translation of cultural markers for young readers; · Translation of the modern picture book; · Dialogue, dialect and street language in modern children’s literature; · Read-aloud qualities, wordplay, onomatopoeia and the translation of children’s poetry; · Retranslation, retelling and reworking; · The role of translation for children within the global publishing and translation industries. This is the first practical guide to address all aspects of translating children’s literature, featuring extracts from commentaries and interviews with published translators of children’s literature, as well as examples and case studies across a range of languages and texts. Each chapter includes a set of questions and exercises for students. Translating Children’s Literature is essential reading for professional translators, researchers and students on courses in translation studies or children’s literature.
Translating Children's Literature (Translation Practices Explained)
by Gillian LatheyTranslating Children’s Literature is an exploration of the many developmental and linguistic issues related to writing and translating for children, an audience that spans a period of enormous intellectual progress and affective change from birth to adolescence. Lathey looks at a broad range of children’s literature, from prose fiction to poetry and picture books. Each of the seven chapters addresses a different aspect of translation for children, covering: · Narrative style and the challenges of translating the child’s voice; · The translation of cultural markers for young readers; · Translation of the modern picture book; · Dialogue, dialect and street language in modern children’s literature; · Read-aloud qualities, wordplay, onomatopoeia and the translation of children’s poetry; · Retranslation, retelling and reworking; · The role of translation for children within the global publishing and translation industries. This is the first practical guide to address all aspects of translating children’s literature, featuring extracts from commentaries and interviews with published translators of children’s literature, as well as examples and case studies across a range of languages and texts. Each chapter includes a set of questions and exercises for students. Translating Children’s Literature is essential reading for professional translators, researchers and students on courses in translation studies or children’s literature.
Translating Chinese Art and Modern Literature (Routledge Studies in Chinese Translation)
by Yifeng Sun Chris SongTranslating Chinese Art and Modern Literature examines issues in cross-cultural dialogue in connection with translation and modern Chinese art and literature from interdisciplinary perspectives. This comprises the text-image dialogue in the context of Chinese modernity, and cross-cultural interaction between modern literature in Chinese and other literatures. This edited collection approaches these issues with discrete foci and approaches, and the ten chapters in this volume are to be divided into two distinct parts. The first part highlights the mutual effects between literary texts and visual images in the media of book, painting, and film, and the second part includes contributions by scholars of literary translation.
Translating Chinese Art and Modern Literature (Routledge Studies in Chinese Translation)
by Yifeng Sun Chris SongTranslating Chinese Art and Modern Literature examines issues in cross-cultural dialogue in connection with translation and modern Chinese art and literature from interdisciplinary perspectives. This comprises the text-image dialogue in the context of Chinese modernity, and cross-cultural interaction between modern literature in Chinese and other literatures. This edited collection approaches these issues with discrete foci and approaches, and the ten chapters in this volume are to be divided into two distinct parts. The first part highlights the mutual effects between literary texts and visual images in the media of book, painting, and film, and the second part includes contributions by scholars of literary translation.
Translating Chinese Fiction: Multiple Voices and Cognitive Translatology
by Tan YeshengDrawing on the cognitive translatological paradigm, this book introduces a situation-embedded cognitive construction model of translation and explores the thinking portfolios of British and American sinologists-cum-translators to re-examine their multiple voices and cognition in translating Chinese fiction.By placing sinologists-cum-translators in the same discourse space, the study transcends the limitations of previous case studies and offers a comprehensive cognitive panorama of how Chinese novels are rendered. The author explores the challenges and difficulties of translating Chinese fiction from the insider perspectives of British and American sinologists, and cross-validates their multiple voices by aligning them with cross-cultural communication scenarios. Based on the cognitive construction model of translation, the book provides a systematic review of the translation thoughts and ideas of the community of sinologists in terms of linguistic conventions, narrative styles, contextual and cultural frames, readership categories and metaphorical models of translation. It envisions a new research path to enhance empirical research on translators' cognition in a dynamic translation ecosystem. The title will be an essential read for students and scholars of translation studies and Chinese studies. It will also appeal to translators and researchers interested in cognitive stylistics, literary studies and intercultural communication studies.
Translating Chinese Fiction: Multiple Voices and Cognitive Translatology
by Tan YeshengDrawing on the cognitive translatological paradigm, this book introduces a situation-embedded cognitive construction model of translation and explores the thinking portfolios of British and American sinologists-cum-translators to re-examine their multiple voices and cognition in translating Chinese fiction.By placing sinologists-cum-translators in the same discourse space, the study transcends the limitations of previous case studies and offers a comprehensive cognitive panorama of how Chinese novels are rendered. The author explores the challenges and difficulties of translating Chinese fiction from the insider perspectives of British and American sinologists, and cross-validates their multiple voices by aligning them with cross-cultural communication scenarios. Based on the cognitive construction model of translation, the book provides a systematic review of the translation thoughts and ideas of the community of sinologists in terms of linguistic conventions, narrative styles, contextual and cultural frames, readership categories and metaphorical models of translation. It envisions a new research path to enhance empirical research on translators' cognition in a dynamic translation ecosystem. The title will be an essential read for students and scholars of translation studies and Chinese studies. It will also appeal to translators and researchers interested in cognitive stylistics, literary studies and intercultural communication studies.
Translating Controversial Texts in East Asian Contexts: A Methodology for the Translation of ‘Controversy’ (Routledge Advances in Translation and Interpreting Studies)
by Adam ZulawnikZulawnik focuses on the broad concept of ‘controversy’ and issues pertaining to the translation of politically and historically controversial texts in East Asia. The research methodology is exemplified through a case study in the form of the author’s translation of the best-selling Japanese graphic novel (manga) Manga Kenkanryū (Hate Hallyu: The Comic) by Sharin Yamano (2005), a work that has been problematised as an attack on South Korean culture and the Korean Wave. Issues analysed and discussed in the research include translation risk, ethics, a detailed methodology for the translation of so-called controversial texts exemplified through numerous thematically divided examples from the translation of the chosen Japanese text, as well as examples from a Korean language equivalent (Manhwa Hyeomillyu – Hate Japanese Wave), and definition and contextualisation of the concept of ‘controversy’. There has been limited research in the field of translation studies, which seeks to exemplify potential pragmatic approaches for the translation of politically-charged texts, particularly in multi-modal texts such as the graphic novel. It is hoped that Zulawnik’s research will serve both as a valuable source when examining South Korea–Japan relations and a theoretical and methodological base for further research and the development of an online augmented translation space with devices specifically suited for the translation of multi-modal texts such as – but not limited to – graphic novels and visual encyclopaedias.
Translating Controversial Texts in East Asian Contexts: A Methodology for the Translation of ‘Controversy’ (Routledge Advances in Translation and Interpreting Studies)
by Adam ZulawnikZulawnik focuses on the broad concept of ‘controversy’ and issues pertaining to the translation of politically and historically controversial texts in East Asia. The research methodology is exemplified through a case study in the form of the author’s translation of the best-selling Japanese graphic novel (manga) Manga Kenkanryū (Hate Hallyu: The Comic) by Sharin Yamano (2005), a work that has been problematised as an attack on South Korean culture and the Korean Wave. Issues analysed and discussed in the research include translation risk, ethics, a detailed methodology for the translation of so-called controversial texts exemplified through numerous thematically divided examples from the translation of the chosen Japanese text, as well as examples from a Korean language equivalent (Manhwa Hyeomillyu – Hate Japanese Wave), and definition and contextualisation of the concept of ‘controversy’. There has been limited research in the field of translation studies, which seeks to exemplify potential pragmatic approaches for the translation of politically-charged texts, particularly in multi-modal texts such as the graphic novel. It is hoped that Zulawnik’s research will serve both as a valuable source when examining South Korea–Japan relations and a theoretical and methodological base for further research and the development of an online augmented translation space with devices specifically suited for the translation of multi-modal texts such as – but not limited to – graphic novels and visual encyclopaedias.
Translating Crises
by Sharon O’Brien and Federico M. FedericiTranslating and interpreting in crises is emotionally and cognitively demanding, with crisis communication in intercultural and multilingual disaster settings relying on a multitude of cross-cultural mediators and ever-emerging new technologies. This volume explores the challenges and demands involved in translating crises and the ways in which people, technologies and organisations look for effective, impactful solutions to the communicative problems.Problematising the major issues, but also providing solutions and recommendations, chapters reflect on and evaluate the role of translation and interpreting in crisis settings. Covering a diverse range of situations from across the globe, such as health emergencies, severe weather events, earthquakes, terrorist attacks, conflicts, and mass migration, this volume analyses practices and investigates the effectiveness of current approaches and communication strategies. The book considers perspectives, from interpreting specialists, educators, emergency doctors, healthcare professionals, psychologists, and members of key NGOs, to reflect the complex and multifaceted nature of crisis communication. Placing an emphasis on lessons learnt and innovative solutions, Translating Crises points the way towards more effective multilingual emergency communication in future crises.
Translating Crises
Translating and interpreting in crises is emotionally and cognitively demanding, with crisis communication in intercultural and multilingual disaster settings relying on a multitude of cross-cultural mediators and ever-emerging new technologies. This volume explores the challenges and demands involved in translating crises and the ways in which people, technologies and organisations look for effective, impactful solutions to the communicative problems.Problematising the major issues, but also providing solutions and recommendations, chapters reflect on and evaluate the role of translation and interpreting in crisis settings. Covering a diverse range of situations from across the globe, such as health emergencies, severe weather events, earthquakes, terrorist attacks, conflicts, and mass migration, this volume analyses practices and investigates the effectiveness of current approaches and communication strategies. The book considers perspectives, from interpreting specialists, educators, emergency doctors, healthcare professionals, psychologists, and members of key NGOs, to reflect the complex and multifaceted nature of crisis communication. Placing an emphasis on lessons learnt and innovative solutions, Translating Crises points the way towards more effective multilingual emergency communication in future crises.