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Essential Journalism: The NCTJ Guide for Trainee Journalists
by Jonathan BakerThis book is a practical guide to all aspects of modern journalism for anyone seeking to study for the National Council for the Training of Journalists (NCTJ) Diploma in Journalism and become a qualified journalist in the UK. Written in collaboration with the NCTJ, Essential Journalism outlines everything you need to know about the journalism industry today, from its ethical framework to its practice across print, television, radio, online and social media. It looks at the core principles and the skills that are required of journalists across all platforms, helping students develop an overall understanding of the business and examining the application and adaptation of traditional best practice to the demands of the digital age. This is a unique one-stop shop for anyone who wants to understand the nature and purpose of journalism, and how it is changing and evolving in today’s digital newsrooms. This book is a core resource for journalism trainees and undergraduates, as well as for seasoned practitioners and lecturers.
Essential Journalism: The NCTJ Guide for Trainee Journalists
by Jonathan BakerThis book is a practical guide to all aspects of modern journalism for anyone seeking to study for the National Council for the Training of Journalists (NCTJ) Diploma in Journalism and become a qualified journalist in the UK. Written in collaboration with the NCTJ, Essential Journalism outlines everything you need to know about the journalism industry today, from its ethical framework to its practice across print, television, radio, online and social media. It looks at the core principles and the skills that are required of journalists across all platforms, helping students develop an overall understanding of the business and examining the application and adaptation of traditional best practice to the demands of the digital age. This is a unique one-stop shop for anyone who wants to understand the nature and purpose of journalism, and how it is changing and evolving in today’s digital newsrooms. This book is a core resource for journalism trainees and undergraduates, as well as for seasoned practitioners and lecturers.
Essential Knowledge for the Aspiring Media Professional
by John Stephen ZaffutoEssential Knowledge for the Aspiring Media Professional provides readers with the skillset needed to produce professional, high-quality video content in today’s competitive media landscape. The author draws on over two decades of industry experience to offer strategies for how to develop a sense of design, adopt a holistic approach to the media production process, and craft a distinct idea for a project’s intent and form. In five in-depth chapters, the book delves into topics ranging from pre-production and planning processes to technical considerations and post-production methods. It concludes with an overview of career opportunities for aspiring media-makers. This book is an invaluable resource for students and professionals alike looking to hone creative production techniques within a broad range of formats and environments, particularly those requiring effective marketing and advertising-oriented content.
Essential Knowledge for the Aspiring Media Professional
by John Stephen ZaffutoEssential Knowledge for the Aspiring Media Professional provides readers with the skillset needed to produce professional, high-quality video content in today’s competitive media landscape. The author draws on over two decades of industry experience to offer strategies for how to develop a sense of design, adopt a holistic approach to the media production process, and craft a distinct idea for a project’s intent and form. In five in-depth chapters, the book delves into topics ranging from pre-production and planning processes to technical considerations and post-production methods. It concludes with an overview of career opportunities for aspiring media-makers. This book is an invaluable resource for students and professionals alike looking to hone creative production techniques within a broad range of formats and environments, particularly those requiring effective marketing and advertising-oriented content.
The Essential PIC18® Microcontroller (Computer Communications and Networks)
by Sid KatzenMicroprocessors are the key component of the infrastructure of our 21st-century electronic- and digital information-based society. More than four billion are sold each year for use in 'intelligent' electronic devices; ranging from smart egg-timer through to aircraft management systems. Most of these processor devices appear in the form of highly-integrated microcontrollers, which comprize a core microprocessor together with memory and analog/digital peripheral ports. By using simple cores, these single-chip computers are the cost- and size-effective means of adding the brains to previous dumb widgets; such as the credit card. Using the same winning format as the successful Springer guide, The Quintessential PIC® Microcontroller, this down-to-earth new textbook/guide has been completely rewritten based on the more powerful PIC18 enhanced-range Microchip MCU family. Throughout the book, commercial hardware and software products are used to illustrate the material, as readers are provided real-world in-depth guidance on the design, construction and programming of small, embedded microcontroller-based systems. Suitable for stand-alone usage, the text does not require a prerequisite deep understanding of digital systems. Topics and features: uses an in-depth bottom-up approach to the topic of microcontroller design using the Microchip enhanced-range PIC18® microcontroller family as the exemplar; includes fully worked examples and self-assessment questions, with additional support material available on an associated website; provides a standalone module on foundation topics in digital, logic and computer architecture for microcontroller engineering; discusses the hardware aspects of interfacing and interrupt handling, with an emphasis on the integration of hardware and software; covers parallel and serial input/output, timing, analog, and EEPROM data-handling techniques; presents a practical build-and-program case study, as well as illustrating simple testing strategies. This useful text/reference book will be of great value to industrial engineers, hobbyists and people in academia. Students of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, at both undergraduate and postgraduate level, will also find this an ideal textbook, with many helpful learning tools. Dr. Sid Katzen is Associate to the School of Engineering, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Northern Ireland.
The Essential Raymond Durgnat
by Henry K. MillerRaymond durgnat was a maverick voice during the golden age of film criticism. From the French new Wave and the rise of auteurism, through the late 1960s counter-culture, to the rejuvenated Hollywood of the 1970s, his work appeared in dozens of publications in Britain, France and the USA. At once evoking the film culture of his own times and anticipating our digital age in which technology allows everyone to create their own 'moving image-text combos', durgnat's writings touch on crucial questions in film criticism that resonate more than ever today. Bringing together durgnat's essential writing for the very first time, this career-spanning collection includes previously unpublished and untranslated work and is thoroughly introduced and annotated by Henry K. Miller.
The Essential Raymond Durgnat
Raymond durgnat was a maverick voice during the golden age of film criticism. From the French new Wave and the rise of auteurism, through the late 1960s counter-culture, to the rejuvenated Hollywood of the 1970s, his work appeared in dozens of publications in Britain, France and the USA. At once evoking the film culture of his own times and anticipating our digital age in which technology allows everyone to create their own 'moving image-text combos', durgnat's writings touch on crucial questions in film criticism that resonate more than ever today. Bringing together durgnat's essential writing for the very first time, this career-spanning collection includes previously unpublished and untranslated work and is thoroughly introduced and annotated by Henry K. Miller.
Essential Reporting: The NCTJ Guide for Trainee Journalists (PDF)
by Joanne Butcher Jon Smith"If you want a book that instructs you about all the technical skills you need to pass the examinations set by the National Council for the Training of Journalists (NCTJ) and embark on a career in journalism, then this is the book for you. It outlines the basic knowledge required to succeed as a trainee reporter. Shorthand, intros, writing styles, subbing, layout, the way newsrooms work and how to find things out are among the range of skills described. " - Times Higher Education "Precisely what it says on the cover - a down-to-earth essential handbook for anyone embarking on a career in journalism. All you need to know about avoiding newsroom minefields and attracting the editor's attention for the right reasons. If only it had been around in my day!' - Bob Satchwell, Executive Director, Society of Editors This is a book for everyone who wants to be a journalist: a practical guide to all you need to know, learn and do to succeed as a trainee reporter in today's newsroom. Although the world of journalism is changing fast, as technology blurs the boundaries between newspapers, radio, television and web-based media, the reporter's core role remains the same: to recognise news, communicate with people, gather information, and create accurate, balanced and readable stories. Essential Reporting, written by an experienced NCTJ examiner, explains how to do this. Contents include: what makes a good reporter what is news, and how to find it how newsrooms work day-to-day life as a reporter key reporting tasks covering courts and councils successful interviewing writing news stories specialist reporting handling sound, pictures and the web It also contains a wealth of advice, tips and warnings from working journalists, a guide to NCTJ training and examinations, a glossary and a guide to further reading. It will be invaluable to anyone embarking on a career in journalism and is the NCTJ's recommended introductory text for all students on college and university courses preparing them to become successful reporters.
Essential Reporting: The NCTJ Guide for Trainee Journalists
by Joanne Butcher Jon Smith"If you want a book that instructs you about all the technical skills you need to pass the examinations set by the National Council for the Training of Journalists (NCTJ) and embark on a career in journalism, then this is the book for you. It outlines the basic knowledge required to succeed as a trainee reporter. Shorthand, intros, writing styles, subbing, layout, the way newsrooms work and how to find things out are among the range of skills described." - Times Higher Education "Precisely what it says on the cover - a down-to-earth essential handbook for anyone embarking on a career in journalism. All you need to know about avoiding newsroom minefields and attracting the editor's attention for the right reasons. If only it had been around in my day!' - Bob Satchwell, Executive Director, Society of Editors This is a book for everyone who wants to be a journalist: a practical guide to all you need to know, learn and do to succeed as a trainee reporter in today's newsroom. Although the world of journalism is changing fast, as technology blurs the boundaries between newspapers, radio, television and web-based media, the reporter's core role remains the same: to recognise news, communicate with people, gather information, and create accurate, balanced and readable stories. Essential Reporting, written by an experienced NCTJ examiner, explains how to do this. Contents include: what makes a good reporter what is news, and how to find it how newsrooms work day-to-day life as a reporter key reporting tasks covering courts and councils successful interviewing writing news stories specialist reporting handling sound, pictures and the web It also contains a wealth of advice, tips and warnings from working journalists, a guide to NCTJ training and examinations, a glossary and a guide to further reading. It will be invaluable to anyone embarking on a career in journalism and is the NCTJ's recommended introductory text for all students on college and university courses preparing them to become successful reporters.
Essential Study and Employment Skills for Business and Management Students
by Kevin GallagherEssential Study and Employment Skills for Business and Management Students is a comprehensive, one-stop guide to the skills needed to bring you success, both throughout university and in your future career. Covering all the core areas associated with business and management degrees, this text offers a unique focus on employability to guide your development into a future employee who can lead but who is also a team player, who is flexible and creative, well-versed in problem-solving skills, and who is self-aware and resilient under pressure - all skills that employers are looking for in today's business world. Now in its fourth edition, a new chapter on wellbeing makes this text more relevant than ever. This chapter guides your development of healthy mental and physical resilience, which are needed both at university and in the world of work. The importance of critical reflection is also emphasized by a new 'Stop and Reflect' feature, which acts as a checkpoint to help you absorb the content on a more personal and practical level. Packed with individual and group activities and 'skills examples', as well as the real insights into the professional world offered by the 'practitioner viewpoints', the focus of this text is firmly on active experimentation and thoughtful, guided reflection. Essential Study and Employment Skills for Business and Management Students remains unparalleled as a resource to support, encourage, and develop business and management students throughout their time at university and beyond. An exciting development for this new edition, the enhanced e-book offers an even more flexible and engaging way to learn: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks This book is accompanied by the following online resources: For students Self-test multiple choice questions with formative feedback Selected activities from the text (including templates to complete online) Answer guidance for selected activities and exercises in the book Additional resources including practical worksheets, a critical incidents log, and an Excel workbook to provide additional support in areas such as constructing pie charts, bar charts, and line charts. Guidance for using Excel in data analysis Web links Flashcard glossary For lecturers PowerPoint presentations
Essentials of Communication Skill and Skill Enhancement: A Primer for Students and Professionals
by John O. GreeneFor those who wish to learn or teach the tools of skillful communication, this book provides concrete insight into what makes a person a successful communicator and guides readers in ways to improve their own communication skills and those of others. Predicated on four simple notions – that communication can be done well or poorly, that communication skills matter, that people differ in those skills, and that those skills can be improved – the book helps readers identify and enhance their own communication strengths and address weaknesses, assess the communication skills of others, and coach others to improvement. Written in an accessible style, chapter highlights include an engaging review of the research on the practical implications of communication skills in our professional and personal lives. The nature of communication skill and issues in skill assessment are examined. Particular attention is given to understanding sources of communication-skill deficits and the design of effective communication-skill training programs. A final chapter examines the roles of technology, cross-cultural interaction, and aging as they relate to communication skill. This book is written for students and professionals in fields such as human resources, sales, training, counseling, customer relations, education, health-care, and the ministry, with application for courses in professional communication, applied communication, and communication skills at the undergraduate, advanced professional degree, and continuing education levels.
Essentials of Communication Skill and Skill Enhancement: A Primer for Students and Professionals
by John O. GreeneFor those who wish to learn or teach the tools of skillful communication, this book provides concrete insight into what makes a person a successful communicator and guides readers in ways to improve their own communication skills and those of others. Predicated on four simple notions – that communication can be done well or poorly, that communication skills matter, that people differ in those skills, and that those skills can be improved – the book helps readers identify and enhance their own communication strengths and address weaknesses, assess the communication skills of others, and coach others to improvement. Written in an accessible style, chapter highlights include an engaging review of the research on the practical implications of communication skills in our professional and personal lives. The nature of communication skill and issues in skill assessment are examined. Particular attention is given to understanding sources of communication-skill deficits and the design of effective communication-skill training programs. A final chapter examines the roles of technology, cross-cultural interaction, and aging as they relate to communication skill. This book is written for students and professionals in fields such as human resources, sales, training, counseling, customer relations, education, health-care, and the ministry, with application for courses in professional communication, applied communication, and communication skills at the undergraduate, advanced professional degree, and continuing education levels.
Essentials of Error-Control Coding
by Jorge Castiñeira Moreira Patrick Guy FarrellRapid advances in electronic and optical technology have enabled the implementation of powerful error-control codes, which are now used in almost the entire range of information systems with close to optimal performance. These codes and decoding methods are required for the detection and correction of the errors and erasures which inevitably occur in digital information during transmission, storage and processing because of noise, interference and other imperfections. Error-control coding is a complex, novel and unfamiliar area, not yet widely understood and appreciated. This book sets out to provide a clear description of the essentials of the subject, with comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the most useful codes and their decoding algorithms. A practical engineering and information technology emphasis, as well as relevant background material and fundamental theoretical aspects, provides an in-depth guide to the essentials of Error-Control Coding. Provides extensive and detailed coverage of Block, Cyclic, BCH, Reed-Solomon, Convolutional, Turbo, and Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes, together with relevant aspects of Information Theory EXIT chart performance analysis for iteratively decoded error-control techniques Heavily illustrated with tables, diagrams, graphs, worked examples, and exercises Invaluable companion website features slides of figures, algorithm software, updates and solutions to problems Offering a complete overview of Error Control Coding, this book is an indispensable resource for students, engineers and researchers in the areas of telecommunications engineering, communication networks, electronic engineering, computer science, information systems and technology, digital signal processing and applied mathematics.
Essentials of Modern Communications
by Djafar K. Mynbaev Lowell L. ScheinerExplore Modern Communications and Understand Principles of Operations, Appropriate Technologies, and Elements of Design of Communication Systems Modern society requires a different set of communication systems than has any previous generation. To maintain and improve the contemporary communication systems that meet ever-changing requirements, engineers need to know how to recognize and solve cardinal problems. In Essentials of Modern Communications, readers will learn how modern communication has expanded and will discover where it is likely to go in the future. By discussing the fundamental principles, methods, and techniques used in various communication systems, this book helps engineers assess, troubleshoot, and fix problems that are likely to occur. In this reference, readers will learn about topics like: How communication systems respond in time and frequency domains Principles of analog and digital modulations Application of spectral analysis to modern communication systems based on the Fourier series and Fourier transform Specific examples and problems, with discussions around their optimal solutions, limitations, and applications Approaches to solving the concrete engineering problems of modern communications based on critical, logical, creative, and out-of-box thinking For readers looking for a resource on the fundamentals of modern communications and the possible issues they face, Essentials of Modern Communications is instrumental in educating on real-life problems that engineering students and professionals are likely to encounter.
Essentials of Modern Communications
by Djafar K. Mynbaev Lowell L. ScheinerExplore Modern Communications and Understand Principles of Operations, Appropriate Technologies, and Elements of Design of Communication Systems Modern society requires a different set of communication systems than has any previous generation. To maintain and improve the contemporary communication systems that meet ever-changing requirements, engineers need to know how to recognize and solve cardinal problems. In Essentials of Modern Communications, readers will learn how modern communication has expanded and will discover where it is likely to go in the future. By discussing the fundamental principles, methods, and techniques used in various communication systems, this book helps engineers assess, troubleshoot, and fix problems that are likely to occur. In this reference, readers will learn about topics like: How communication systems respond in time and frequency domains Principles of analog and digital modulations Application of spectral analysis to modern communication systems based on the Fourier series and Fourier transform Specific examples and problems, with discussions around their optimal solutions, limitations, and applications Approaches to solving the concrete engineering problems of modern communications based on critical, logical, creative, and out-of-box thinking For readers looking for a resource on the fundamentals of modern communications and the possible issues they face, Essentials of Modern Communications is instrumental in educating on real-life problems that engineering students and professionals are likely to encounter.
Essentials of Modern Optical Fiber Communication
by Reinhold NoéThis is a concise introduction into optical fiber communication. It covers important aspects from the physics of optical wave propagation and amplification to the essentials of modulation formats and receivers. The combination of a solid coverage of necessary fundamental theory with an in-depth discussion of recent relevant research results enables the reader to design modern optical fiber communication systems. The book serves both graduate students and professionals. It includes many worked examples with solutions for lecturers. For the second edition, Reinhold Noé made many changes and additions throughout the text so that this concise book presents the essentials of optical fiber communication in an easy readable and understandable way.
The Essentials of Sports Reporting and Writing
by Scott Reinardy Wayne WantaIn The Essentials of Sports Reporting and Writing, authors Scott Reinardy and Wayne Wanta employ their own professional experience as sports writers and editors to give students a useful and practical view of the sports writing profession. The text is divided into readily digestible sections, covering essential topics such as types of stories; background and preparation; interviewing; the beginning stages of writing; and conclusion writing. Through real-life examples, readers learn the in-and-outs of writing columns, advances and follows, sidebars, profiles, and features, as well as the stylistic and ethical considerations that go into writing sports content. New to the second edition are: "Professional Perspectives" where working sports journalists give their insiders’ look at the work they do. A chapter on the intricacies of international event reporting A chapter providing an honest view of what life as a sport journalist entails. A companion website also accompanies the text. It includes supplemental materials for students and pedagogical support for instructors, including slide presentations, quizzes, and sample assignments. Intended for journalism students planning a career in sports reporting, this text offers key insights on the practical and personal aspects of the work.
The Essentials of Sports Reporting and Writing
by Scott Reinardy Wayne WantaIn The Essentials of Sports Reporting and Writing, authors Scott Reinardy and Wayne Wanta employ their own professional experience as sports writers and editors to give students a useful and practical view of the sports writing profession. The text is divided into readily digestible sections, covering essential topics such as types of stories; background and preparation; interviewing; the beginning stages of writing; and conclusion writing. Through real-life examples, readers learn the in-and-outs of writing columns, advances and follows, sidebars, profiles, and features, as well as the stylistic and ethical considerations that go into writing sports content. New to the second edition are: "Professional Perspectives" where working sports journalists give their insiders’ look at the work they do. A chapter on the intricacies of international event reporting A chapter providing an honest view of what life as a sport journalist entails. A companion website also accompanies the text. It includes supplemental materials for students and pedagogical support for instructors, including slide presentations, quizzes, and sample assignments. Intended for journalism students planning a career in sports reporting, this text offers key insights on the practical and personal aspects of the work.
Essentials of Visual Interpretation
by Rachel R Reynolds Greg NiedtEssentials of Visual Interpretation explains how to talk and write critically about visual media and to examine how evolving visual environments, media, and technologies affect human selfunderstanding and culture formation.Lively and accessibly written chapters provide a solid foundation in the tools and ideas of visual meaning, familiarizing readers with a growing, cross-cultural subfield, and preparing them to pursue thoughtful work in a variety of related disciplines. The authors include rich examples and illustrations—ranging from cave paintings to memes, from optical science to visual analytics, from ancient pictographs to smart phones—that engage students with the fascinating complexity of visual interpretation. Each chapter introduces students to key terms and concepts relevant to visual analysis, with ideas for short individual or group exercises to enhance understanding.The book is ideal as a primer in visual analysis and visual communication for students in courses within communication studies, cultural studies, digital humanities, semiotics, media studies, and visual anthropology.Online support materials include multimedia activities for students and links to additional resources for students and instructors.
Essentials of Visual Interpretation
by Rachel R Reynolds Greg NiedtEssentials of Visual Interpretation explains how to talk and write critically about visual media and to examine how evolving visual environments, media, and technologies affect human selfunderstanding and culture formation.Lively and accessibly written chapters provide a solid foundation in the tools and ideas of visual meaning, familiarizing readers with a growing, cross-cultural subfield, and preparing them to pursue thoughtful work in a variety of related disciplines. The authors include rich examples and illustrations—ranging from cave paintings to memes, from optical science to visual analytics, from ancient pictographs to smart phones—that engage students with the fascinating complexity of visual interpretation. Each chapter introduces students to key terms and concepts relevant to visual analysis, with ideas for short individual or group exercises to enhance understanding.The book is ideal as a primer in visual analysis and visual communication for students in courses within communication studies, cultural studies, digital humanities, semiotics, media studies, and visual anthropology.Online support materials include multimedia activities for students and links to additional resources for students and instructors.
The Essentials series: The Essential Introduction for WJEC(PDF)
by Bateman, Antony|Casey Benyahia, Sarah|Mortimer, Claire|Wall, PeterThis full colour, highly illustrated textbook is designed to support students through their WJEC AS in Media Studies. Individual chapters cover the following key areas: Textual Analysis: Visual, Technical and Audio codes Textual Analysis: Narrative and Genre Codes Approaches to Representation Approaches to Audience Response Case Studies on Representation and Audience: Gender, Age, Ethnicity, Identity, Events and Issues Passing MS1: Media Representations and Receptions Production Work, Evaluation and report Specially designed to be user-friendly, AS Media Studies: The Essential Introduction for WJEC includes activities, key terms, case studies and sample exam questions. It introduces the course, tackles useful approaches to study, key content covered in the specification, and guides the student in approaching and planning the exam and production work through analysis, prompts and activities.
The Essentials series: The Essential Introduction for WJEC(PDF)
by Bateman, Antony|Casey Benyahia, Sarah|Mortimer, Claire|Wall, PeterThis full colour, highly illustrated textbook is designed to support students through their WJEC AS in Media Studies. Individual chapters cover the following key areas: Textual Analysis: Visual, Technical and Audio codes Textual Analysis: Narrative and Genre Codes Approaches to Representation Approaches to Audience Response Case Studies on Representation and Audience: Gender, Age, Ethnicity, Identity, Events and Issues Passing MS1: Media Representations and Receptions Production Work, Evaluation and report Specially designed to be user-friendly, AS Media Studies: The Essential Introduction for WJEC includes activities, key terms, case studies and sample exam questions. It introduces the course, tackles useful approaches to study, key content covered in the specification, and guides the student in approaching and planning the exam and production work through analysis, prompts and activities.
Establishing Scientific Classroom Discourse Communities: Multiple Voices of Teaching and Learning Research
by Randy K. Yerrick Wolff-Michael RothEstablishing Scientific Classroom Discourse Communities: Multiple Voices of Teaching and Learning Research is designed to encourage discussion of issues surrounding the reform of classroom science discourse among teachers, teacher educators, and researchers. The contributors--some of the top educational researchers, linguists, and science educators in the world--represent a variety of perspectives pertaining to teaching, assessment, research, learning, and reform. As a whole the book explores the variety, complexity, and interconnectivity of issues associated with changing classroom learning communities and transforming science classroom discourse to be more representative of the discourse of scientific communities. The intent is to expand debate among educators regarding what constitutes exemplary scientific speaking, thinking, and acting. This book is unparalleled in discussing current reform issues from sociolinguistic and sociocultural perspectives. The need for a revised perspective on enduring science teaching and learning issues is established and a theoretical framework and methodology for interpreting the critique of classroom and science discourses is presented. To model and scaffold this ongoing debate, each chapter is followed by a "metalogue" in which the chapter authors and volume editors critique the issues traversed in the chapter by opening up the neatly argued issues. These "metalogues" challenge, extend, and deepen the arguments made. Central questions addressed include: *Why is a sociolinguistic interpretation essential in examining science education reform? *What are key similarities and differences between classroom and scientific communities? *How can the utility of common knowledge and existing classroom discourse be balanced toward alternative outcomes? *What curricular issues are associated with transforming classroom talk? *What other perspectives can assist in creating multiple access to science through redefining classroom discourse? Whether this volume improves readers' science teaching, assists their research, or helps them to better prepare tomorrow's science teachers, the goal is to engage them in considering the challenges faced by educators as they navigate the seas of reform and strive to improve science education for all.
Establishing Scientific Classroom Discourse Communities: Multiple Voices of Teaching and Learning Research
by Randy Yerrick Wolff-Michael RothEstablishing Scientific Classroom Discourse Communities: Multiple Voices of Teaching and Learning Research is designed to encourage discussion of issues surrounding the reform of classroom science discourse among teachers, teacher educators, and researchers. The contributors--some of the top educational researchers, linguists, and science educators in the world--represent a variety of perspectives pertaining to teaching, assessment, research, learning, and reform. As a whole the book explores the variety, complexity, and interconnectivity of issues associated with changing classroom learning communities and transforming science classroom discourse to be more representative of the discourse of scientific communities. The intent is to expand debate among educators regarding what constitutes exemplary scientific speaking, thinking, and acting. This book is unparalleled in discussing current reform issues from sociolinguistic and sociocultural perspectives. The need for a revised perspective on enduring science teaching and learning issues is established and a theoretical framework and methodology for interpreting the critique of classroom and science discourses is presented. To model and scaffold this ongoing debate, each chapter is followed by a "metalogue" in which the chapter authors and volume editors critique the issues traversed in the chapter by opening up the neatly argued issues. These "metalogues" challenge, extend, and deepen the arguments made. Central questions addressed include: *Why is a sociolinguistic interpretation essential in examining science education reform? *What are key similarities and differences between classroom and scientific communities? *How can the utility of common knowledge and existing classroom discourse be balanced toward alternative outcomes? *What curricular issues are associated with transforming classroom talk? *What other perspectives can assist in creating multiple access to science through redefining classroom discourse? Whether this volume improves readers' science teaching, assists their research, or helps them to better prepare tomorrow's science teachers, the goal is to engage them in considering the challenges faced by educators as they navigate the seas of reform and strive to improve science education for all.
Estelle, LOTOS und SDL: Standard-Spezifikationssprachen für verteilte Systeme (Springer Compass)
by Dieter HogrefeDas Buch gibt eine Einführung in die Spezifikationssprachen Estelle, LOTOS und SDL. Die Sprachen sind Standardsprachen der ISO (Estelle, LOTOS) und des CCITT (SDL) zur Spezifikation von Diensten und Protokollen in Kommunikationssystemen. Insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der Idee und den Konzepten von OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) gewinnen die drei Sprachen zunehmend an Bedeutung - innerhalb und außerhalb der Normung. Das Buch stellt die drei Sprachen weitgehend anhand von durchgängigen Beispielen vor, bei denen es sich um Dienste und Protokolle handelt, die den OSI-Konzepten folgen. Das Besondere an dem Buch ist, daß durch die Verwendung identischer Beispiele die drei Sprachen direkt miteinander vergleichbar werden. Obwohl Estelle, LOTOS und SDL formale Sprachen sind, wird weitgehend auf Formalismen verzichtet, so daß die Darstellung allgemein und leicht verständlich ist. Das Buch bildet daher ein sehr nützliches Komplement zu den offiziellen Dokumenten und Sprachbeschreibungen der ISO und des CCITT. Das Ziel des Buches ist, dem Leser einen Einblick in die drei Sprachen zu geben und als leicht verständliches und kompaktes Nachschlagewerk in der täglichen Arbeit zu dienen.