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Fuzzy Techniques in Image Processing (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing #52)
by Etienne E. Kerre Mike NachtegaelSince time immemorial, vision in general and images in particular have played an important and essential role in human life. Nowadays, the field of image processing also has numerous scientific, commercial, industrial and military applications. All these applications result from the interaction between fun damental scientific research on the one hand, and the development of new and high-standard technology on the other hand. Regarding the scientific com ponent, quite recently the scientific community became familiar with "fuzzy techniques" in image processing, which make use of the framework of fuzzy sets and related theories. The theory of fuzzy sets was initiated in 1965 by Zadeh, and is one of the most developed models to treat imprecision and uncertainty. Instead of the classical approach that an object belongs or does not belong to a set, the concept of a fuzzy set allows a gradual transition from membership to nonmembership, providing partial degrees of member ship. Fuzzy techniques are often complementary to existing techniques and can contribute to the development of better and more robust methods, as has already been illustrated in numerous scientific branches. With this vol ume, we want to demonstrate that the introduction and application of fuzzy techniques can also be very successful in the area of image processing. This book contains high-quality contributions of over 30 field experts, covering a wide range of both theoretical and practical applications of fuzzy techniques in image processing.
Fuzzy Technology: Present Applications and Future Challenges (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing #335)
by Mikael Collan Mario Fedrizzi Janusz KacprzykThis book provides readers with a timely and comprehensive yet concise view on the field of fuzzy logic and its real-world applications. The chapters, written by authoritative scholars in the field, report on promising new models for data analysis, decision making, and systems modeling, with a special emphasis on their applications in management science. The book is a token of appreciation from the fuzzy research community to Professor Christer Carlsson for his long time research and organizational commitment, which have among other things resulted in the foundation and success of the Institute for Advanced Management Systems Research (IAMSR) at Åbo Akademi University, in Åbo (Turku), Finland. The book serves as timely guide for the fuzzy logic and operations research communities alike.
Fuzzy Transforms for Image Processing and Data Analysis: Core Concepts, Processes and Applications
by Ferdinando Di Martino Salvatore SessaThis book analyzes techniques that use the direct and inverse fuzzy transform for image processing and data analysis. The book is divided into two parts, the first of which describes methods and techniques that use the bi-dimensional fuzzy transform method in image analysis. In turn, the second describes approaches that use the multidimensional fuzzy transform method in data analysis. An F-transform in one variable is defined as an operator which transforms a continuous function f on the real interval [a,b] in an n-dimensional vector by using n-assigned fuzzy sets A1, … , An which constitute a fuzzy partition of [a,b]. Then, an inverse F-transform is defined in order to convert the n-dimensional vector output in a continuous function that equals f up to an arbitrary quantity ε. We may limit this concept to the finite case by defining the discrete F-transform of a function f in one variable, even if it is not known a priori. A simple extension of this concept to functions in two variables allows it to be used for the coding/decoding and processing of images. Moreover, an extended version with multidimensional functions can be used to address a host of topics in data analysis, including the analysis of large and very large datasets. Over the past decade, many researchers have proposed applications of fuzzy transform techniques for various image processing topics, such as image coding/decoding, image reduction, image segmentation, image watermarking and image fusion; and for such data analysis problems as regression analysis, classification, association rule extraction, time series analysis, forecasting, and spatial data analysis. The robustness, ease of use, and low computational complexity of fuzzy transforms make them a powerful fuzzy approximation tool suitable for many computer science applications. This book presents methods and techniques based on the use of fuzzy transforms in various applications of image processing and data analysis, including image segmentation, image tamper detection, forecasting, and classification, highlighting the benefits they offer compared with traditional methods. Emphasis is placed on applications of fuzzy transforms to innovative problems, such as massive data mining, and image and video security in social networks based on the application of advanced fragile watermarking systems. This book is aimed at researchers, students, computer scientists and IT developers to acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to apply and implement fuzzy transforms-based techniques in image and data analysis applications.
Fuzzy XML Data Management (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing #311)
by Li Yan Zongmin Ma Fu ZhangThis book presents an exhaustive and timely review of key research work on fuzzy XML data management, and provides readers with a comprehensive resource on the state-of-the art tools and theories in this fast growing area. Topics covered in the book include: representation of fuzzy XML, query of fuzzy XML, fuzzy database models, extraction of fuzzy XML from fuzzy database models, reengineering of fuzzy XML into fuzzy database models, and reasoning of fuzzy XML. The book is intended as a reference guide for researchers, practitioners and graduate students working and/or studying in the field of Web Intelligence, as well as for data and knowledge engineering professionals seeking new approaches to replace traditional methods, which may be unnecessarily complex or even unproductive.
G Suite For Dummies
by Paul McFedriesGet fast answers to your G Suite questions with this friendly resource G Suite For Dummies is the fun guide to the productivity suite that’s quickly winning over professional and personal users. This book shares the steps on how to collaborate in the cloud, create documents and spreadsheets, build presentations, and connect with chat or video. Written in the easy-to-follow For Dummies style, G Suite For Dummies covers the essential components of Google’s popular software, including: Google Docs for word processing Gmail for email Google Calendar for scheduling and day planning Google Sheets for spreadsheet functionality Google Drive for data storage Google Hangouts and Google Meet for videoconferencing and calling capability The book helps navigate the G Suite payment plans and subscription options as well as settings that ensure your own privacy and security while operating in the cloud. Perfect for anyone hoping to get things done with this tool, G Suite For Dummies belongs on the bookshelf of every G Suite user who needs help from time to time.
G Suite For Dummies
by Paul McFedriesGet fast answers to your G Suite questions with this friendly resource G Suite For Dummies is the fun guide to the productivity suite that’s quickly winning over professional and personal users. This book shares the steps on how to collaborate in the cloud, create documents and spreadsheets, build presentations, and connect with chat or video. Written in the easy-to-follow For Dummies style, G Suite For Dummies covers the essential components of Google’s popular software, including: Google Docs for word processing Gmail for email Google Calendar for scheduling and day planning Google Sheets for spreadsheet functionality Google Drive for data storage Google Hangouts and Google Meet for videoconferencing and calling capability The book helps navigate the G Suite payment plans and subscription options as well as settings that ensure your own privacy and security while operating in the cloud. Perfect for anyone hoping to get things done with this tool, G Suite For Dummies belongs on the bookshelf of every G Suite user who needs help from time to time.
G.W. Stewart: Selected Works with Commentaries (Contemporary Mathematicians)
by Misha E. Kilmer Dianne P. O'LearyPublished in honor of his 70th birthday, this volume explores and celebrates the work of G.W. (Pete) Stewart, a world-renowned expert in computational linear algebra. This volume includes: forty-four of Stewart's most influential research papers in two subject areas: matrix algorithms, and rounding and perturbation theory; a biography of Stewart; a complete list of his publications, students, and honors; selected photographs; and commentaries on his works in collaboration with leading experts in the field. G.W. Stewart: Selected Works with Commentaries will appeal to graduate students, practitioners, and researchers in computational linear algebra and the history of mathematics.
G20 Entrepreneurship Services Report
by Jian Gao Ruitao Jia Qing SuThis book focuses on the progress of G20 members on entrepreneurship services since the G20 Entrepreneurship Action Plan was issued at the G20 Hangzhou Summit in China. The authors analyse the similarities and differences of policy measures taken by G20 members from five aspects of entrepreneurship services: government services, fiscal and financial supports, entrepreneur services, entrepreneurship education, and fair competition for SMEs. The book aims to bridge academic research with the multilevel and diverse practice in entrepreneurial activities and explores how national policies and conditions can promote entrepreneurship among G20 members. This book will inspire the policy- makers, stakeholders in the entrepreneurship ecosystems and scholars on entrepreneurship research as well, on how to promote the entrepreneurship as an effective way to stimulate employment growth, boost innovation development, and realize economic recovery in the post- COVID-19 era.
Gadgets Away: 100 Games To Play With The Family
by Fiona JennisonTechnology has become the too-easy way to entertain ourselves and our children. This easy-to-use, imaginative book has everything. There’s plenty of fun here to keep your family laughing: Sporty games and playground classics Activities for indoors, gardens, parks and beaches Memory and travel games, brain teasers and magic tricks
Gain-Cell Embedded DRAMs for Low-Power VLSI Systems-on-Chip
by Pascal Meinerzhagen Adam Teman Robert Giterman Noa Edri Andreas Burg Alexander FishThis book pioneers the field of gain-cell embedded DRAM (GC-eDRAM) design for low-power VLSI systems-on-chip (SoCs). Novel GC-eDRAMs are specifically designed and optimized for a range of low-power VLSI SoCs, ranging from ultra-low power to power-aware high-performance applications. After a detailed review of prior-art GC-eDRAMs, an analytical retention time distribution model is introduced and validated by silicon measurements, which is key for low-power GC-eDRAM design. The book then investigates supply voltage scaling and near-threshold voltage (NTV) operation of a conventional gain cell (GC), before presenting novel GC circuit and assist techniques for NTV operation, including a 3-transistor full transmission-gate write port, reverse body biasing (RBB), and a replica technique for optimum refresh timing. Next, conventional GC bitcells are evaluated under aggressive technology and voltage scaling (down to the subthreshold domain), before novel bitcells for aggressively scaled CMOS nodes and soft-error tolerance as presented, including a 4-transistor GC with partial internal feedback and a 4-transistor GC with built-in redundancy.
The Galician Language in the Digital Age (White Paper Series)
by Georg Rehm Hans UszkoreitThis white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. It addresses educators, journalists, politicians, language communities and others. The availability and use of language technology in Europe varies between languages. Consequently, the actions that are required to further support research and development of language technologies also differ for each language. The required actions depend on many factors, such as the complexity of a given language and the size of its community. META-NET, a Network of Excellence funded by the European Commission, has conducted an analysis of current language resources and technologies. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language. A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020.
Galileo Galilei kontrovers: Ein Wissenschaftler zwischen Renaissance-Genie und Despot
by Walter HehlWalter Hehl eröffnet in seinem Buch einen neuen Blick auf die Person Galileo Galilei und dessen Leistungen – sowohl im Kontext der Wissenschaft im Zeitalter der Renaissance als auch aus Sicht der heutigen Physik. Dies ermöglicht Lesern eine bessere Einschätzung der Epoche und ein gesteigertes Verständnis der Geschichte um Galilei. Der Autor greift die neue Sichtweise auf, in der Galilei vom wissenschaftlichen „Heiligen“ zu einer wenigstens teilweise umstrittenen Person geworden ist. Eine Zeittafel mit Kontextdaten sowie ein Glossar fassen zentrale Begriffe und Eckdaten zusammen.
Galois Connections and Applications (Mathematics and Its Applications #565)
by K. Denecke M. Erné S. L. WismathGalois connections provide the order- or structure-preserving passage between two worlds of our imagination - and thus are inherent in hu man thinking wherever logical or mathematical reasoning about cer tain hierarchical structures is involved. Order-theoretically, a Galois connection is given simply by two opposite order-inverting (or order preserving) maps whose composition yields two closure operations (or one closure and one kernel operation in the order-preserving case). Thus, the "hierarchies" in the two opposite worlds are reversed or transported when passing to the other world, and going forth and back becomes a stationary process when iterated. The advantage of such an "adjoint situation" is that information about objects and relationships in one of the two worlds may be used to gain new information about the other world, and vice versa. In classical Galois theory, for instance, properties of permutation groups are used to study field extensions. Or, in algebraic geometry, a good knowledge of polynomial rings gives insight into the structure of curves, surfaces and other algebraic vari eties, and conversely. Moreover, restriction to the "Galois-closed" or "Galois-open" objects (the fixed points of the composite maps) leads to a precise "duality between two maximal subworlds".
The Gambler and the Scholars: Herbert Yardley, William & Elizebeth Friedman, and the Birth of Modern American Cryptology (History of Computing)
by John F. DooleyIn May 1917, William and Elizebeth Friedman were asked by the U.S. Army to begin training officers in cryptanalysis and to decrypt intercepted German diplomatic and military communications. In June 1917, Herbert Yardley convinced the new head of the Army’s Military Intelligence Division to create a code and cipher section for the Army with himself as its head. These two seminal events were the beginning of modern American cryptology, the growth of which culminated 35 years later with the creation of the National Security Agency. Each running their own cryptologic agencies in the 1920s, the Friedman-Yardley relationship was shattered after Yardley published a tell-all book about his time in military intelligence. Yet in the end, the work they all started in 1917 led directly to the modern American intelligence community. As they got older, they became increasingly irrelevant in the burgeoning American cryptologic fraternity. Topics and features: * Examines the lives of three remarkable and pioneering cryptologists * Offers fascinating insights into spies, codes and ciphers, rumrunners, poker, and military history * Sheds new light on interesting parts of the cryptologists’ careers—especially Elizebeth Friedman, whose work during World War II has just begun to be explored * Recounts several good stories, i.e., What if the Friedmans had gone to work for Herbert Yardley in his new Cipher Bureau in 1919? What if Yardley had moved back to Washington to work for William Friedman a decade later? This enjoyable book has wide appeal for: general readers interested in the evolution of American cryptology, American historians (particularly of World War I, the inter-war period, and World War II signals intelligence), and historians of—and general readers interested in—American military intelligence. It also can be used as an auxiliary text or recommended reading in introductory or survey courses in history or on the related topics.
Game AI Pro: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals
Successful games merge art and technology in truly unique ways. Fused under tight production deadlines and strict performance requirements, shaped by demanding player expectations, games are among the most complex software projects created today. Game AI Pro: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals covers both the art and the technology of game A
Game AI Pro 2: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals
by Steven RabinGame AI Pro2: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals presents cutting-edge tips, tricks, and techniques for artificial intelligence (AI) in games, drawn from developers of shipped commercial games as well as some of the best-known academics in the field. It contains knowledge, advice, hard-earned wisdom, and insights gathered from across the com
Game AI Pro 2: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals
by Steven RabinGame AI Pro2: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals presents cutting-edge tips, tricks, and techniques for artificial intelligence (AI) in games, drawn from developers of shipped commercial games as well as some of the best-known academics in the field. It contains knowledge, advice, hard-earned wisdom, and insights gathered from across the com
Game AI Pro 3: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals
by Steve RabinGame AI Pro3: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals presents state-of-the-art tips, tricks, and techniques drawn from developers of shipped commercial games as well as some of the best-known academics in the field. This book acts as a toolbox of proven techniques coupled with the newest advances in game AI. These techniques can be applied to almost any game and include topics such as behavior trees, utility theory, path planning, character behavior, and tactical reasoning. KEY FEATURES Contains 42 chapters from 50 of the game industry’s top developers and researchers. Provides real-life case studies of game AI in published commercial games. Covers a wide range of AI in games, with topics applicable to almost any game. Includes downloadable demos and/or source code, available at http://www.gameaipro.com SECTION EDITORS Neil Kirby General Wisdom Alex Champandard Architecture Nathan Sturtevant Movement and Pathfinding Damian Isla Character Behavior Kevin Dill Tactics and Strategy; Odds and Ends
Game AI Pro 3: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals
by Steve RabinGame AI Pro3: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals presents state-of-the-art tips, tricks, and techniques drawn from developers of shipped commercial games as well as some of the best-known academics in the field. This book acts as a toolbox of proven techniques coupled with the newest advances in game AI. These techniques can be applied to almost any game and include topics such as behavior trees, utility theory, path planning, character behavior, and tactical reasoning. KEY FEATURES Contains 42 chapters from 50 of the game industry’s top developers and researchers. Provides real-life case studies of game AI in published commercial games. Covers a wide range of AI in games, with topics applicable to almost any game. Includes downloadable demos and/or source code, available at http://www.gameaipro.com SECTION EDITORS Neil Kirby General Wisdom Alex Champandard Architecture Nathan Sturtevant Movement and Pathfinding Damian Isla Character Behavior Kevin Dill Tactics and Strategy; Odds and Ends
Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Architecture
by Steve RabinSteve Rabin’s Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Architecture gathers all the cutting-edge information from his previous three Game AI Pro volumes into a convenient single source anthology covering game AI architecture. This volume is complete with articles by leading game AI programmers that further explore modern architecture such as behavior trees and share architectures used in top games such as Final Fantasy XV, the Call of Duty series and the Guild War series. Key Features Provides real-life case studies of game AI in published commercial games Material by top developers and researchers in Game AI Downloadable demos and/or source code available online
Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Architecture
by Steve RabinSteve Rabin’s Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Architecture gathers all the cutting-edge information from his previous three Game AI Pro volumes into a convenient single source anthology covering game AI architecture. This volume is complete with articles by leading game AI programmers that further explore modern architecture such as behavior trees and share architectures used in top games such as Final Fantasy XV, the Call of Duty series and the Guild War series. Key Features Provides real-life case studies of game AI in published commercial games Material by top developers and researchers in Game AI Downloadable demos and/or source code available online
Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Character Behavior
by Steve RabinSteve Rabin’s Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Character Behavior gathers all the cutting-edge information from his previous three Game AI Pro volumes into a convenient single source anthology that covers character behavior in game AI. This volume is complete with articles by leading game AI programmers that focus on individual AI behavior such as character interactions, modelling knowledge, efficient simulation, difficulty balancing, and making decisions with case studies from both commercial and indie games. Key Features Provides real-life case studies of game AI in published commercial games Material by top developers and researchers in Game AI Downloadable demos and/or source code available online
Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Character Behavior
by Steve RabinSteve Rabin’s Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Character Behavior gathers all the cutting-edge information from his previous three Game AI Pro volumes into a convenient single source anthology that covers character behavior in game AI. This volume is complete with articles by leading game AI programmers that focus on individual AI behavior such as character interactions, modelling knowledge, efficient simulation, difficulty balancing, and making decisions with case studies from both commercial and indie games. Key Features Provides real-life case studies of game AI in published commercial games Material by top developers and researchers in Game AI Downloadable demos and/or source code available online
Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Movement and Pathfinding
by Steve RabinSteve Rabin’s Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Movement and Pathfinding gathers all the cutting-edge information from his previous three Game AI Pro volumes into a convenient single source anthology covering movement and pathfinding in game AI. This volume is complete with articles by leading game AI programmers that explore better ways to smooth paths, avoid obstacles, and navigate 3D space with cutting-edge techniques. Key Features Provides real-life case studies of game AI in published commercial games Material by top developers and researchers in Game AI Downloadable demos and/or source code available online
Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Movement and Pathfinding
by Steve RabinSteve Rabin’s Game AI Pro 360: Guide to Movement and Pathfinding gathers all the cutting-edge information from his previous three Game AI Pro volumes into a convenient single source anthology covering movement and pathfinding in game AI. This volume is complete with articles by leading game AI programmers that explore better ways to smooth paths, avoid obstacles, and navigate 3D space with cutting-edge techniques. Key Features Provides real-life case studies of game AI in published commercial games Material by top developers and researchers in Game AI Downloadable demos and/or source code available online