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Semirings and their Applications
by Jonathan S. GolanThere is no branch of mathematics, however abstract, which may not some day be applied to phenomena of the real world. - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobatchevsky This book is an extensively-revised and expanded version of "The Theory of Semirings, with Applicationsin Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science" [Golan, 1992], first published by Longman. When that book went out of print, it became clear - in light of the significant advances in semiring theory over the past years and its new important applications in such areas as idempotent analysis and the theory of discrete-event dynamical systems - that a second edition incorporating minor changes would not be sufficient and that a major revision of the book was in order. Therefore, though the structure of the first «dition was preserved, the text was extensively rewritten and substantially expanded. In particular, references to many interesting and applications of semiring theory, developed in the past few years, had to be added. Unfortunately, I find that it is best not to go into these applications in detail, for that would entail long digressions into various domains of pure and applied mathematics which would only detract from the unity of the volume and increase its length considerably. However, I have tried to provide an extensive collection of examples to arouse the reader's interest in applications, as well as sufficient citations to allow the interested reader to locate them. For the reader's convenience, an index to these citations is given at the end of the book .
Semirings for Soft Constraint Solving and Programming (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #2962)
by Stefano BistarelliConstraint satisfaction and constraint programming have shown to be very simple but powerful ideas, with applications in various areas. Still, in the last ten years, the simple notion of constraints has shown some deficiencies concerning both theory and practice, typically in the way over-constrained problems and preferences are treated. For this reason, the notion of soft constraints has been introduced with semiring-based soft constraints and valued constraints being the two main general frameworks. This book includes formal definitions and properties of semiring-based soft constraints, as well as their use within constraint logic programming and concurrent constraint programming. Moreover, the author shows how to adapt existing notions and techniques such as abstraction and interchangeability to the soft constraint framework and it is demonstrated how soft constraints can be used in some application areas, such as security. Overall, this book is a great starting point for anyone interested in understanding the basics of semiring-based soft constraints.
Semistructured Database Design (Web Information Systems Engineering and Internet Technologies Book Series #1)
by Tok Wang Ling Gillian DobbieSemistructured Database Design provides an essential reference for anyone interested in the effective management of semsistructured data. Since many new and advanced web applications consume a huge amount of such data, there is a growing need to properly design efficient databases. This volume responds to that need by describing a semantically rich data model for semistructured data, called Object-Relationship-Attribute model for Semistructured data (ORA-SS). Focusing on this new model, the book discuss problems and present solutions for a number of topics, including schema extraction, the design of non-redundant storage organizations for semistructured data, and physical semsitructured database design, among others. Semistructured Database Design, presents researchers and professionals with the most complete and up-to-date research in this fast-growing field.
SEMPER - Secure Electronic Marketplace for Europe (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #1854)
by Gerard Lacoste Birgit Pfitzmann Michael Steiner Michael Waidner
SemProM: Foundations of Semantic Product Memories for the Internet of Things (Cognitive Technologies)
by Wolfgang WahlsterThe development of low-cost, compact digital storage, sensors and radio modules allows us to embed digital memories into products to record key events. Such computationally enhanced products can perceive and control their environment, analyze their observations, and communicate with other smart objects and human users. Digital product memories (DPMs) will play a key role in the upcoming fourth industrial revolution based on cyber-physical production systems, resulting in improvements in traceability and quality assurance, more efficient and flexible production, logistics, customization, and recycling, and better information for the consumer. SemProM was a major industrial and academic research project that examined all aspects of the design and implementation of semantic product memories, and this book is a comprehensive assessment of the results achieved. The introductory chapters explain the fundamental ideas and the organization of the related project, while the remaining parts explain how to build, model and process DPMs, multimodal interaction using them, and selected applications. This work is inherently multidisciplinary and the related ideas, technologies, and implementations draw on results in fields such as semantic technologies, machine-to-machine communication, intelligent sensor networks, instrumented environments, embedded systems, smart objects, RFID technology, security, and privacy. The contributing authors are leading scientists and engineers, representing key academic teams and companies. The book explains successful deployment in applications such as manufacturing, green logistics, retail, healthcare, and food distribution, and it will be of value to both researchers and practitioners.
Sencha Architect App Development
by Loiane GronerA standard tutorial-based approach for using Sencha Architect to develop applications in Ext JS and Sencha Touch.Sencha Architect App Development is for Ext JS and Sencha Touch developers that are looking to improve their productivity by using Sencha Architect for app development. Basic knowledge of Ext JS and Sencha Touch is required.
Sencha Charts Essentials
by Ajit KumarIf you are an Ext JS or Sencha Touch developer, designer, or architect who wants to build enterprise-scale data visualization capabilities using Sencha, then this book is ideal for you. You should have a knowledge of HTML, JavaScript, CSS, and Sencha Ext JS or Sencha Touch fundamentals, in particular. Some familiarity with SVG and HTML5 Canvas would be preferred, but not required.
Sencha MVC Architecture
by Ajit KumarThis is a step-by-step tutorial with plenty of example code for easier and quicker pick-up. If you are new to ExtJS or Sencha Touch, this book will help you model your application using good architectural practices so that your application is enterprise-class from day one. If you have already been building ExtJS or Sencha Touch based applications, this book will show you how to apply the client-side MVC architecture and benefit from it. It will show you how you can leverage Sencha's MVC Architecture and the Sencha Tools to manage your projects in a better way.
Sencha Touch Cookbook
by Ajit KumarThe book is written in a cookbook style, presenting examples in the style of recipes, allowing you to go directly to your topic of interest, or follow topics throughout a chapter to gain in-depth knowledge. This book is ideal for anyone who wants to gain the practical knowledge involved in using Sencha Touch mobile web application framework to make attractive web apps for mobiles. If you have some familiarity with HTML and CSS, then this book is for you. This book will give designers the skills they need to implement their ideas, and provide developers with creative inspiration through practical examples. It is assumed that you know how to use touch screens, touch events, WebKit on mobile systems, Apple iOS, and Google Android for Mobiles.
Sencha Touch Cookbook
by Ajit KumarIn DetailSencha Touch is one of the most popular HTML5 and JavaScript frameworks for building touch-based mobile devices. Using Sencha Touch, you can create applications for touch mobile devices with ease, and once created, the same application works on multiple platforms – iOS, Android, Blackberry – without having to change anything.Sencha Touch Cookbook (2nd edition) is a practical, hands-on guide with easy to follow recipes that provide you with clear, step-by-step instructions, which will help you take complete advantage of the power of Sencha Touch 2 and will help you to build amazing applications for the mobile world.Sencha Touch Cookbook (2nd edition) starts by showing you how to set up your project for development, then walks through building, packaging, and running it in a browser, emulator, or a real device. With the groundwork set, the subsequent recipes of the book take you through the different UI components offered by the framework and explains how to use them, when to use them, and, if needed, how to extend them for your own application need.You will also learn how to model your client side data, load data from different data sources, and use them on the data-centric UI components. The later parts of the book cover the practical day-to-day problems like how to create a custom view, how to take your application offline and support automatic sync, how to utilize the Geolocation to learn more about the user, how to utilize device features such as camera, contact, orientation, and how to link your application behaviour with the device buttons such as Back, Search, and so on. At the end, the book shows you how to create native packages without using PhoneGap/Cordova using Sencha Cmd.Using this book, you will learn everything about using Sencha Touch classes and components to build mobile applications that can run across multiple platforms.ApproachThe book is written in a Cookbook style, presenting examples in the style of recipes, allowing you to go directly to your topic of interest or follow topics throughout a chapter to gain in-depth knowledge.Who this book is forSencha Touch Cookbook (2nd edition) is great for developers who are new to Sencha Touch and who are looking to get a good hold on what the Sencha Touch framework offers and how to use it to build a great touch-based mobile application running on different platforms. It is assumed that you will have some experience in HTML, CSS, DOM, and JavaScript. To truly appreciate the framework capability and take full advantage of the book, readers are expected to have one or more mobile devices.
Sencha Touch Mobile JavaScript Framework
by Ssvv Narasimha RaoThis book is a step-by-step tutorial aimed at beginners to Sencha Touch. There is ready sample code explained with essential screenshots for better and quicker understanding. This book is ideal for anyone who wants to gain the practical knowledge involved in using Sencha Touch mobile web application framework to make attractive web apps for mobiles. If you have some familiarity with HTML and CSS, then this book is for you. This book will give designers the skills they need to implement their ideas, and provides developers with creative inspiration through practical examples. It is assumed that you know how to use touch screens, touch events, WebKit on mobile systems, Apple iOS, and Google Android for Mobiles.
Sensation and Measurement: Papers in Honor of S. S. Stevens
by H. R. Moskowitz B. Scharf J. C. StevensWe planned this book as a Festschrift for Smitty Stevens because we thought he might be retiring around 1974, although we knew very well that only death or deep illness would stop Smitty from doing science. Death came suddenly, unexpectedly - after a full day of skiing at Vail, Colorado on the annual trip with wife Didi to the Winter Conference on Brain Research. Smitty liked winter conferences near ski resorts and often tried to get us other psychophysicists to organize one. Every person is unique. Smitty would have said it's mainly because each of us has so many genes that two combinations just alike would be well-nigh impossible. But most of us strive in many ways to be like others, and to abide by the norms (some smaller number try even harder to be unlike other people); as a result many persons seem to lose their uniqueness, their individuality. Not Smitty. He tried neither to be like others nor to be different. He took himself as he found himself, and ascribed peculiarities, strengths, and weaknesses to his pioneering Utah forebears, in whom he took much pride. His was the true and right nonconformity. He approached each task, each problem, ready to grapple with the facts and set them into meaningful order. And if the answer he came up with was different from everyone else's, well that was too bad.
Sense, Feel, Design: INTERACT 2021 IFIP TC 13 Workshops, Bari, Italy, August 30 – September 3, 2021, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13198)
by Carmelo Ardito Rosa Lanzilotti Alessio Malizia Marta Larusdottir Lucio Davide Spano José Campos Morten Hertzum Tilo Mentler José Abdelnour Nocera Lara Piccolo Stefan Sauer Gerrit van der VeerThis book contains a series of revised papers selected from 7 workshops organized by 18th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, INTERACT 2021, which was held in September 2021 in Bari, Italy. The 15 papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. They show the design of interactive technologies addressing one or more United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, to deal with evolving contexts of use in today’s and future application domains and its influence on human-centered socio-technical system design and devel-opment practice, share educational resources and approaches to support the process of teaching and learning HCI Engineering (HCI-E), share educational resources and approaches to support the process of teaching and learning HCI Engineering (HCI-E), and address and discuss geopolitical issues in Human-Computer Interaction as a field of knowledge and practice.
The Sense of Touch and Its Rendering: Progress in Haptics Research (Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics #45)
by Antonio Bicchi Martin Buss Marc O. Ernst Angelika Peer"Sense of Touch and its Rendering" presents a unique and interdisciplinary approach highlighting the field of haptic research from a neuropsychological as well as a technological point of view. This edited book is the outcome of the TOUCH-HapSys European research project and provides an important contribution towards a new generation of high-fidelity haptic display technologies. The book is structured in two parts: A. Fundamental Psychophysical and Neuropsychological Research and B. Technology and Applications. The two parts are not however separated, and the many connections and synergies between the two complementary domains of research are highlighted in the text. The eleven chapters discuss the recent advances in the study of human haptic (kinaesthetic, tactile, temperature) and multimodal (visual, auditory, haptic) perception mechanisms. Besides the theoretical advancement, the contributions survey the state of the art in the field, report a number of practical applications to real systems, and discuss possible future developments.
Sensemaking for Security (Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications)
by Anthony J. MasysThis book presents sensemaking strategies to support security planning and design. Threats to security are becoming complex and multifaceted and increasingly challenging traditional notions of security. The security landscape is characterized as ‘messes’ and ‘wicked problems’ that proliferate in this age of complexity. Designing security solutions in the face of interconnectedness, volatility and uncertainty, we run the risk of providing the right answer to the wrong problem thereby resulting in unintended consequences. Sensemaking is the activity that enables us to turn the ongoing complexity of the world into a “situation that is comprehended explicitly in words and that serves as a springboard into action” (Weick, Sutcliffe, Obstfeld, 2005). It is about creating an emerging picture of our world through data collection, analysis, action, and reflection. The importance of sensemaking to security is that it enables us to plan, design and act when the world as we knew it seems to have shifted. Leveraging the relevant theoretical grounding and thought leadership in sensemaking, key examples are provided, thereby illustrating how sensemaking strategies can support security planning and design. This is a critical analytical and leadership requirement in this age of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity that characterizes the security landscape. This book is useful for academics, graduate students in global security, and government and security planning practitioners.
The Sensible Guide to Program Management Professional (PgMP)® Success
by Te WuA Sensible Guide to Program Management Professional (PgMP)® Success is for program managers preparing to take the PgMP exam based on The Standard for Program Management – 4th Edition (PgM4 Standard). It is designed for busy professionals whose responsibilities have taken them into the realm of coordinating, facilitating, managing, and leading programs. Program managers are leaders who are directly managing large amounts of project resources for their organizations. This study guide addresses three main concerns facing PgMP exam candidates: What are the essential concepts, processes, and tools that form the foundation of today’s program management? Since program management is still an emerging profession with professionals often working in different ways, what does this mean for a "standard" exam? More specifically, how does that impact your ability to pass the PgMP exam? What is the best way to prepare for the PgMP exam? To address the first concern, this book highlights the underlying rationale for program management: why it exists in organizations; why it is becoming ever more important; what programs are, especially for the purpose of passing the exam; how to think like a portfolio manager; and what the most important concepts, processes, and tools are for this profession. By simplifying complex ideas and communicating them in plain English with relevant examples, this book aims to help readers not only to pass the PgMP exam but also to serve as an essential guide for program managers. For the second concern, this book differs from other study guides by describing the author’s personal experience as a program manager and addressing the most pressing questions for each of the performance domains in The Standard for Program Management. To address the last concern, this book contains 420 practice questions, access to an online exam simulator and an online PgMP community, and a time-tested approach for passing the PgMP exam.
The Sensible Guide to Program Management Professional (PgMP)® Success
by Te WuA Sensible Guide to Program Management Professional (PgMP)® Success is for program managers preparing to take the PgMP exam based on The Standard for Program Management – 4th Edition (PgM4 Standard). It is designed for busy professionals whose responsibilities have taken them into the realm of coordinating, facilitating, managing, and leading programs. Program managers are leaders who are directly managing large amounts of project resources for their organizations. This study guide addresses three main concerns facing PgMP exam candidates: What are the essential concepts, processes, and tools that form the foundation of today’s program management? Since program management is still an emerging profession with professionals often working in different ways, what does this mean for a "standard" exam? More specifically, how does that impact your ability to pass the PgMP exam? What is the best way to prepare for the PgMP exam? To address the first concern, this book highlights the underlying rationale for program management: why it exists in organizations; why it is becoming ever more important; what programs are, especially for the purpose of passing the exam; how to think like a portfolio manager; and what the most important concepts, processes, and tools are for this profession. By simplifying complex ideas and communicating them in plain English with relevant examples, this book aims to help readers not only to pass the PgMP exam but also to serve as an essential guide for program managers. For the second concern, this book differs from other study guides by describing the author’s personal experience as a program manager and addressing the most pressing questions for each of the performance domains in The Standard for Program Management. To address the last concern, this book contains 420 practice questions, access to an online exam simulator and an online PgMP community, and a time-tested approach for passing the PgMP exam.
Sensing and Artificial Intelligence Solutions for Food Manufacturing
by Daniel HefftThis book gives readers a practical introduction into machine learning and sensing techniques, their design and ultimately specific applications that could improve food production. It shows how these sensing and computing systems are suitable for process implementation in food factories. This book starts by giving the reader an overview of the historic structures of food manufacturing standards and how they defined today’s manufacturing. It is followed by a topical introduction for professionals in the food industries in topics such as AI, machine learning, and neural networks. It also includes an explanation of the different sensor systems and their basic principles. It shows how these sensing and computing systems are suitable for process implementation in food factories and what types of sensing systems have already been proven to deliver benefit to the food manufacturing industries. The authors also discuss issues around food safety, labelling, and traceability and how sensing and AI can help to resolve issues. They also use case studies and specific examples that can show the benefit of such technologies compared to current approaches. This book is a practical introduction and handbook for students, food engineers, technologists and process engineers on the benefits and challenges around modern manufacturing systems following Industry 4.0 approaches.
Sensing and Artificial Intelligence Solutions for Food Manufacturing
by Daniel Hefft Charles Oluwaseun AdetunjiThis book gives readers a practical introduction into machine learning and sensing techniques, their design and ultimately specific applications that could improve food production. It shows how these sensing and computing systems are suitable for process implementation in food factories. This book starts by giving the reader an overview of the historic structures of food manufacturing standards and how they defined today’s manufacturing. It is followed by a topical introduction for professionals in the food industries in topics such as AI, machine learning, and neural networks. It also includes an explanation of the different sensor systems and their basic principles. It shows how these sensing and computing systems are suitable for process implementation in food factories and what types of sensing systems have already been proven to deliver benefit to the food manufacturing industries. The authors also discuss issues around food safety, labelling, and traceability and how sensing and AI can help to resolve issues. They also use case studies and specific examples that can show the benefit of such technologies compared to current approaches. This book is a practical introduction and handbook for students, food engineers, technologists and process engineers on the benefits and challenges around modern manufacturing systems following Industry 4.0 approaches.
Sensing and Control for Autonomous Vehicles: Applications to Land, Water and Air Vehicles (Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences #474)
by Thor I. Fossen Kristin Y. Pettersen Henk NijmeijerThis edited volume includes thoroughly collected on sensing and control for autonomous vehicles. Guidance, navigation and motion control systems for autonomous vehicles are increasingly important in land-based, marine and aerial operations. Autonomous underwater vehicles may be used for pipeline inspection, light intervention work, underwater survey and collection of oceanographic/biological data. Autonomous unmanned aerial systems can be used in a large number of applications such as inspection, monitoring, data collection, surveillance, etc. At present, vehicles operate with limited autonomy and a minimum of intelligence. There is a growing interest for cooperative and coordinated multi-vehicle systems, real-time re-planning, robust autonomous navigation systems and robust autonomous control of vehicles. Unmanned vehicles with high levels of autonomy may be used for safe and efficient collection of environmental data, for assimilation of climate and environmental models and to complement global satellite systems. The target audience primarily comprises research experts in the field of control theory, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.
Sensing and Systems in Pervasive Computing: Engineering Context Aware Systems (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)
by Dan ChalmersFocus on issues and principles in context awareness, sensor processing and software design (rather than sensor networks or HCI or particular commercial systems).Designed as a textbook, with readings and lab problems in most chapters.Focus on concepts, algorithms and ideas rather than particular technologies.
Sensing, Data Managing, and Control Technologies for Agricultural Systems (Agriculture Automation and Control)
by Shaochun Ma Tao Lin Enrong Mao Zhenghe Song Kuan-Chong TingAgricultural automation is the emerging technologies which heavily rely on computer-integrated management and advanced control systems. The tedious farming tasks had been taken over by agricultural machines in last century, in new millennium, computer-aided systems, automation, and robotics has been applied to precisely manage agricultural production system. With agricultural automation technologies, sustainable agriculture is being developed based on efficient use of land, increased conservation of water, fertilizer and energy resources. The agricultural automation technologies refer to related areas in sensing & perception, reasoning & learning, data communication, and task planning & execution. Since the literature on this diverse subject is widely scattered, it is necessary to review current status and capture the future challenges through a comprehensive monograph.In this book we focus on agricultural automation and provide critical reviews of advanced control technologies, their merits and limitations, application areas and research opportunities for further development. This collection thus serves as an authoritative treatise that can help researchers, engineers, educators, and students in the field of sensing, control, and automation technologies for production agriculture.
Sensing Emotions: The impact of context on experience measurements (Philips Research Book Series #12)
by Joyce Westerink, Martijn Krans and Martin OuwerkerkThe authors of this book analyze the influence of specific everyday life situations and contexts on the emotional state of people and the ways in which this can impact measurements of user experience. The book anticipates a future in which products and machines know how we feel and adapt to the feelings they sense (music systems that effectively enhance our current mood with a personalized choice of music, computer dialogues that avoid upcoming frustration, and photo cameras that take pictures whenever we're excited). In all these situations, knowledge of the emotional state of the user is prime information.A previous book published in the Philips Research Book Series, "Probing Experience", illustrated ways to evaluate the user experience through behavioural and physiological parameters. The present book focuses on the influence of context in these measurements. The everyday-life contexts of future products and machines will be always specific, especially in comparison to the standard laboratory situation. Context can impact the experience measurements and influence the occurrence and characteristics of certain signals. On the other hand, independent knowledge of the context could be very valuable for the interpretation of experience measurements. This book provides an overview of the present knowledge on the impact of context, and advocates the need for a joint understanding of its role in the measurement of experience. The authors comprise many experienced researchers on this topic with a wide variety of backgrounds, including business and academia, covering a broad range of context situations.
Sensing, Modeling and Optimization of Cardiac Systems: A New Generation of Digital Twin for Heart Health Informatics (SpringerBriefs in Service Science)
by Hui Yang Bing YaoThis book reviews the development of physics-based modeling and sensor-based data fusion for optimizing medical decision making in connection with spatiotemporal cardiovascular disease processes. To improve cardiac care services and patients’ quality of life, it is very important to detect heart diseases early and optimize medical decision making. This book introduces recent research advances in machine learning, physics-based modeling, and simulation optimization to fully exploit medical data and promote the data-driven and simulation-guided diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. Specifically, it focuses on three major topics: computer modeling of cardiovascular systems, physiological signal processing for disease diagnostics and prognostics, and simulation optimization in medical decision making. It provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in personalized cardiac modeling by integrating physics-based knowledge of the cardiovascular system with machine learning and multi-source medical data. It also discusses the state-of-the-art in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing for the identification of disease-altered cardiac dynamics. Lastly, it introduces readers to the early steps of optimal decision making based on the integration of sensor-based learning and simulation optimization in the context of cardiac surgeries. This book will be of interest to researchers and scholars in the fields of biomedical engineering, systems engineering and operations research, as well as professionals working in the medical sciences.
Sensing of Non-Volatile Memory Demystified
by Swaroop GhoshThis book introduces readers to the latest advances in sensing technology for a broad range of non-volatile memories (NVMs). Challenges across the memory technologies are highlighted and their solutions in mature technology are discussed, enabling innovation of sensing technologies for future NVMs. Coverage includes sensing techniques ranging from well-established NVMs such as hard disk, flash, Magnetic RAM (MRAM) to emerging NVMs such as ReRAM, STTRAM, FeRAM and Domain Wall Memory will be covered.