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Autonomous Land Vehicles: Steps towards Service Robots
by Karsten Berns Ewald PuttkamerThe economic potential of autonomous mobile robots will increase tremendously during the next years. Service robots such as cleaning machines and inspection or assistance robots will bring us great support in our daily lives. This textbook provides an introduction to the methods of controlling these robotic systems. Starting from mobile robot kinematics, the reader receives a systematic overview of the basic problems as well as methods and algorithms used for solving them. Localisation, object recognition, map building, navigation and control architectures for autonomous vehicles will be discussed in detail. In conclusion, a survey of specific service robot applications is included as well. This book is a very useful introduction to mobile robotics for beginners as well as advanced students and engineers.
Autonomous Military Robotics (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by Vishnu Nath Stephen E. LevinsonThis SpringerBrief reveals the latest techniques in computer vision and machine learning on robots that are designed as accurate and efficient military snipers. Militaries around the world are investigating this technology to simplify the time, cost and safety measures necessary for training human snipers. These robots are developed by combining crucial aspects of computer science research areas including image processing, robotic kinematics and learning algorithms. The authors explain how a new humanoid robot, the iCub, uses high-speed cameras and computer vision algorithms to track the object that has been classified as a target. The robot adjusts its arm and the gun muzzle for maximum accuracy, due to a neural model that includes the parameters of its joint angles, the velocity of the bullet and the approximate distance of the target. A thorough literature review provides helpful context for the experiments. Of practical interest to military forces around the world, this brief is designed for professionals and researchers working in military robotics. It will also be useful for advanced level computer science students focused on computer vision, AI and machine learning issues.
Autonomous Mobile Systems 2012: 22. Fachgespräch Stuttgart, 26. bis 28. September 2012 (Informatik aktuell)
by Paul Levi Oliver Zweigle Kai Häußermann Bernd EcksteinThe 22nd Conference on Autonomous Mobile Systems (AMS 2012) provides a platform for idea exchange, scientific discussion and cooperation for scientists from universities as well as industry. Autonomous mobile systems as well as their practical approach are in the center of interest. The presented selection of articles focuses on approaches from the fields of perception and sensors, mapping and localization, control, navigation, micro- and nano robotics, machine learning, autonomous cars, humanoid robots, system architectures and the application in autonomous mobile systems.
Autonomous, Model-Based Diagnosis Agents (The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science #442)
by Michael SchroederAutonomous, Model-Based Diagnosis Agents defines and describes the implementation of an architecture for autonomous, model-based diagnosis agents. It does this by developing a logic programming approach for model-based diagnosis and introducing strategies to deal with more complex diagnosis problems, and then embedding the diagnosis framework into the agent architecture of vivid agents. Autonomous, Model-Based Diagnosis Agents surveys extended logic programming and shows how this expressive language is used to model diagnosis problems stemming from applications such as digital circuits, traffic control, integrity checking of a chemical database, alarm-correlation in cellular phone networks, diagnosis of an automatic mirror furnace, and diagnosis of communication protocols. The book reviews a bottom-up algorithm to remove contradiction from extended logic programs and substantially improves it by top-down evaluation of extended logic programs. Both algorithms are evaluated in the circuit domain including some of the ISCAS85 benchmark circuits. This comprehensive in-depth study of concepts, architectures, and implementation of autonomous, model-based diagnosis agents will be of great value for researchers, engineers, and graduate students with a background in artificial intelligence. For practitioners, it provides three main contributions: first, it provides many examples from diverse areas such as alarm correlation in phone networks to inconsistency checking in databases; second, it describes an architecture to develop agents; and third, it describes a sophisticated and declarative implementation of the concepts and architectures introduced.
Autonomous Navigation in Dynamic Environments (Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics #35)
by Christian Laugier Raja ChatilaThis book presents a foundation for a broad class of mobile robot mapping and navigation methodologies for indoor, outdoor, and exploratory missions. It addresses the challenging problem of autonomous navigation in dynamic environments, presenting new ideas and approaches in this emerging technical domain. Coverage discusses in detail various related challenging technical aspects and addresses upcoming technologies in this field.
Autonomous Robot Vehicles
by Ingemar J. Cox Gordon T. Wilfong T. Lozano-PerezAutonomous robot vehicles are vehicles capable of intelligent motion and action without requiring either a guide or teleoperator control. The recent surge of interest in this subject will grow even grow further as their potential applications increase. Autonomous vehicles are currently being studied for use as reconnaissance/exploratory vehicles for planetary exploration, undersea, land and air environments, remote repair and maintenance, material handling systems for offices and factories, and even intelligent wheelchairs for the disabled. This reference is the first to deal directly with the unique and fundamental problems and recent progress associated with autonomous vehicles. The editors have assembled and combined significant material from a multitude of sources, and, in effect, now conviniently provide a coherent organization to a previously scattered and ill-defined field.
Autonomous Robotic Systems: Soft Computing and Hard Computing Methodologies and Applications (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing #116)
by Changjiu Zhou Darío Maravall Da RuanThis book contains an edited collection of eighteen contributions on soft and hard computing techniques and their applications to autonomous robotic systems. Each contribution has been exclusively written for this volume by a leading researcher. The volume demonstrates the various ways that the soft computing and hard computing techniques can be used in different integrated manners to better develop autonomous robotic systems that can perform various tasks of vision, perception, cognition, thinking, pattern recognition, decision-making, and reasoning and control, amongst others. Each chapter of the book is self-contained and points out the future direction of research. "It is a must reading for students and researchers interested in exploring the potentials of the fascinating field that will form the basis for the design of the intelligent machines of the future" (Madan M. Gupta)
Autonomous Robotics and Deep Learning (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by Vishnu Nath Stephen E. LevinsonThis Springer Brief examines the combination of computer vision techniques and machine learning algorithms necessary for humanoid robots to develop “true consciousness.” It illustrates the critical first step towards reaching “deep learning,” long considered the holy grail for machine learning scientists worldwide. Using the example of the iCub, a humanoid robot which learns to solve 3D mazes, the book explores the challenges to create a robot that can perceive its own surroundings. Rather than relying solely on human programming, the robot uses physical touch to develop a neural map of its environment and learns to change the environment for its own benefit. These techniques allow the iCub to accurately solve any maze, if a solution exists, within a few iterations. With clear analysis of the iCub experiments and its results, this Springer Brief is ideal for advanced level students, researchers and professionals focused on computer vision, AI and machine learning.
Autonomous Robots and Agents (Studies in Computational Intelligence #76)
by Gourab Sen GuptaThis book collects the extended versions of the best papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Autonomous Robots and Agents, ICARA 2006, held at Palmerston North, New Zealand, December, 2006. It covers theoretical and methodological aspects of incorporating intelligence in autonomous robots and agents, detailing the collaborative efforts and methods needed to overcome challenges faced in the real world and accomplish complex tasks.
Autonomous Search
by Youssef Hamadi Eric Monfroy Édéric SaubionDecades of innovations in combinatorial problem solving have produced better and more complex algorithms. These new methods are better since they can solve larger problems and address new application domains. They are also more complex which means that they are hard to reproduce and often harder to fine-tune to the peculiarities of a given problem. This last point has created a paradox where efficient tools are out of reach of practitioners.Autonomous search (AS) represents a new research field defined to precisely address the above challenge. Its major strength and originality consist in the fact that problem solvers can now perform self-improvement operations based on analysis of the performances of the solving process -- including short-term reactive reconfiguration and long-term improvement through self-analysis of the performance, offline tuning and online control, and adaptive control and supervised control. Autonomous search "crosses the chasm" and provides engineers and practitioners with systems that are able to autonomously self-tune their performance while effectively solving problems. This is the first book dedicated to this topic, and it can be used as a reference for researchers, engineers, and postgraduates in the areas of constraint programming, machine learning, evolutionary computing, and feedback control theory. After the editors' introduction to autonomous search, the chapters are focused on tuning algorithm parameters, autonomous complete (tree-based) constraint solvers, autonomous control in metaheuristics and heuristics, and future autonomous solving paradigms.Autonomous search (AS) represents a new research field defined to precisely address the above challenge. Its major strength and originality consist in the fact that problem solvers can now perform self-improvement operations based on analysis of the performances of the solving process -- including short-term reactive reconfiguration and long-term improvement through self-analysis of the performance, offline tuning and online control, and adaptive control and supervised control. Autonomous search "crosses the chasm" and provides engineers and practitioners with systems that are able to autonomously self-tune their performance while effectively solving problems. This is the first book dedicated to this topic, and it can be used as a reference for researchers, engineers, and postgraduates in the areas of constraint programming, machine learning, evolutionary computing, and feedback control theory. After the editors' introduction to autonomous search, the chapters are focused on tuning algorithm parameters, autonomous complete (tree-based) constraint solvers, autonomous control in metaheuristics and heuristics, and future autonomous solving paradigms.This is the first book dedicated to this topic, and it can be used as a reference for researchers, engineers, and postgraduates in the areas of constraint programming, machine learning, evolutionary computing, and feedback control theory. After the editors' introduction to autonomous search, the chapters are focused on tuning algorithm parameters, autonomous complete (tree-based) constraint solvers, autonomous control in metaheuristics and heuristics, and future autonomous solving paradigms.This is the first book dedicated to this topic, and it can be used as a reference for researchers, engineers, and postgraduates in the areas of constraint programming, machine learning, evolutionary computing, and feedback control theory. After the editors' introduction to autonomous search, the chapters are focused on tuning algorithm parameters, autonomous complete (tree-based) constraint solvers, autonomous control in metaheuristics and heuristics, and future autonomous solving paradigms.
Autonomous Sensor Networks: Collective Sensing Strategies for Analytical Purposes (Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors)
by Daniel FilippiniThis volume surveys recent research on autonomous sensor networks from the perspective of enabling technologies that support medical, environmental and military applications.State of the art, as well as emerging concepts in wireless sensor networks, body area networks and ambient assisted living introduce the reader to the field, while subsequent chapters deal in depth with established and related technologies, which render their implementation possible. These range from smart textiles and printed electronic devices to implanted devices and specialized packaging, including the most relevant technological features.The last four chapters are devoted to customization, implementation difficulties and outlook for these technologies in specific applications.
The Autonomous System: A Foundational Synthesis of the Sciences of the Mind
by Szabolcs Michael de Gyurky Mark A. TarbellThe Fundamental Science in "Computer Science" Is the Science of Thought For the first time, the collective genius of the great 18th-century German cognitive philosopher-scientists Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, and Arthur Schopenhauer have been integrated into modern 21st-century computer science. In contrast to the languishing mainstream of Artificial Intelligence, this book takes the human thought system as its model, resulting in an entirely different approach. This book presents the architecture of a thoroughly and broadly educated human mind as translated into modern software engineering design terms. The result is The Autonomous System, based on dynamic logic and the architecture of the human mind. With its human-like intelligence, it is capable of rational thought, reasoning, and an understanding of itself and its tasks. "A system of thoughts must always have an architectural structure." —Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Presentation
The Autonomous System: A Foundational Synthesis of the Sciences of the Mind
by Szabolcs Michael de Gyurky Mark A. TarbellThe Fundamental Science in "Computer Science" Is the Science of Thought For the first time, the collective genius of the great 18th-century German cognitive philosopher-scientists Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, and Arthur Schopenhauer have been integrated into modern 21st-century computer science. In contrast to the languishing mainstream of Artificial Intelligence, this book takes the human thought system as its model, resulting in an entirely different approach. This book presents the architecture of a thoroughly and broadly educated human mind as translated into modern software engineering design terms. The result is The Autonomous System, based on dynamic logic and the architecture of the human mind. With its human-like intelligence, it is capable of rational thought, reasoning, and an understanding of itself and its tasks. "A system of thoughts must always have an architectural structure." —Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Presentation
Autonomous Systems – Self-Organization, Management, and Control: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop held at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, October 6-7, 2008
by Bernd Mahr Huanye ShengThe 2008 TUB-SJTU joint workshop on “Autonomous Systems – Self-Organization, Management, and Control” was held on October 6, 2008 at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. The workshop, sponsored by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Technical University of Berlin brought together scientists and researchers from both universities to present and discuss the latest progress on autonomous systems and its applications in diverse areas. Autonomous systems are designed to integrate machines, computing, sensing, and software to create intelligent systems capable of interacting with the complexities of the real world. Autonomous systems represent the physical embodiment of machine intelligence. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to theory and modeling for autonomous systems; organization of autonomous systems; learning and perception; complex systems; multi-agent systems; robotics and control; applications of autonomous systems.
Autonomous Systems: Developments and Trends (Studies in Computational Intelligence #391)
by Herwig Unger Kyandoghere Kyamaky Janusz KacprzykThe Workshops on Autonomous Systems emanated from a gathering with the doctoral students of just three chairs at Fernuniversität in Hagen, which we organise twice per year for a number of years now. Their purpose is to discuss on-going research and to create a community spirit. Furthermore, they serve as a means of structuring the students' research processes. The workshop has grown and matured in several respects. The doctoral students presenting their work do not come from a single university anymore, but from three. Besides them and their supervisors, also other scientists became interested in the event and contribute to its programme. Following the model of Advanced Study Institutes, they are available on the premises for relaxed, informal discussions outside the formal sessions. Finally, with the co-sponsorship of Gesellschaft für Informatik, the German Computer Society, and this surprisingly comprehensive volume of contributions published by Springer-Verlag the workshop turned into a visible scientific event.
Autonomous Transformation: Creating a More Human Future in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
by Brian EvergreenFrom technologist and strategist Brian Evergreen, a bold new agenda for the role of organizational leaders in creating a more human future with technology Social good initiatives are incompatible with the current network of systems that make up and support the private and public sectors. Millions of dollars have been invested in bringing leaders together from organizations around the world to design solutions for global challenges such as the climate crisis, child labor, racism, war, and many more. Despite executive buy-in, alignment of core capabilities and resources, passionate leadership, and well-designed strategies, these initiatives inevitably fail (with a few, notable exceptions). The dawn of the Internet ignited a global redesign and rebuild of the interlocking systems that make up and support the private and public sectors today. The era of Digital Transformation extended this further through the adoption of cloud technologies and distributed computing. With a recent wave of technological advancements, organizations have arrived at another global redesign and rebuilding of the network of systems that make up society: Autonomous Transformation, revealing an opportunity for leaders to create Profitable Good through systemic design in combination with emerging autonomous technologies and surprising and remarkable partnerships. Autonomous Transformation provides a blueprint for leaders and managers who have aspired or attempted to harness artificial intelligence and its adjacent technologies for the betterment of their organization and the world, weaving strategy, business, economics, systemic design, and philosophy into four actionable steps with accompanying frameworks: Clear the Digital Fog See the Systems Choose a Problem Future Design Inevitability
Autonomous Transformation: Creating a More Human Future in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
by Brian EvergreenFrom technologist and strategist Brian Evergreen, a bold new agenda for the role of organizational leaders in creating a more human future with technology Social good initiatives are incompatible with the current network of systems that make up and support the private and public sectors. Millions of dollars have been invested in bringing leaders together from organizations around the world to design solutions for global challenges such as the climate crisis, child labor, racism, war, and many more. Despite executive buy-in, alignment of core capabilities and resources, passionate leadership, and well-designed strategies, these initiatives inevitably fail (with a few, notable exceptions). The dawn of the Internet ignited a global redesign and rebuild of the interlocking systems that make up and support the private and public sectors today. The era of Digital Transformation extended this further through the adoption of cloud technologies and distributed computing. With a recent wave of technological advancements, organizations have arrived at another global redesign and rebuilding of the network of systems that make up society: Autonomous Transformation, revealing an opportunity for leaders to create Profitable Good through systemic design in combination with emerging autonomous technologies and surprising and remarkable partnerships. Autonomous Transformation provides a blueprint for leaders and managers who have aspired or attempted to harness artificial intelligence and its adjacent technologies for the betterment of their organization and the world, weaving strategy, business, economics, systemic design, and philosophy into four actionable steps with accompanying frameworks: Clear the Digital Fog See the Systems Choose a Problem Future Design Inevitability
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles: Localization, Tracking, and Formation (Cognitive Intelligence and Robotics)
by Jing Yan Xian Yang Haiyan Zhao Xiaoyuan Luo Xinping GuanAutonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are emerging as a promising solution to help us explore and understand the ocean. The global market for AUVs is predicted to grow from 638 million dollars in 2020 to 1,638 million dollars by 2025 – a compound annual growth rate of 20.8 percent. To make AUVs suitable for a wider range of application-specific missions, it is necessary to deploy multiple AUVs to cooperatively perform the localization, tracking and formation tasks. However, weak underwater acoustic communication and the model uncertainty of AUVs make achieving this challenging. This book presents cutting-edge results regarding localization, tracking and formation for AUVs, highlighting the latest research on commonly encountered AUV systems. It also showcases several joint localization and tracking solutions for AUVs. Lastly, it discusses future research directions and provides guidance on the design of future localization, tracking and formation schemes for AUVs. Representing a substantial contribution to nonlinear system theory, robotic control theory, and underwater acoustic communication system, this book will appeal to university researchers, scientists, engineers, and graduate students in control theory and control engineering who wish to learn about the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of AUVs. Moreover, the practical localization, tracking and formation schemes presented provide guidance on exploring the ocean. The book is intended for those with an understanding of nonlinear system theory, robotic control theory, and underwater acoustic communication systems.
Autonomous Vehicle Navigation: From Behavioral to Hybrid Multi-Controller Architectures
by Lounis AdouaneImprove the Safety, Flexibility, and Reliability of Autonomous Navigation in Complex EnvironmentsAutonomous Vehicle Navigation: From Behavioral to Hybrid Multi-Controller Architectures explores the use of multi-controller architectures in fully autonomous robot navigation-even in highly dynamic and cluttered environments. Accessible to researchers
Autonomous Vehicle Navigation: From Behavioral to Hybrid Multi-Controller Architectures
by Lounis AdouaneImprove the Safety, Flexibility, and Reliability of Autonomous Navigation in Complex EnvironmentsAutonomous Vehicle Navigation: From Behavioral to Hybrid Multi-Controller Architectures explores the use of multi-controller architectures in fully autonomous robot navigation-even in highly dynamic and cluttered environments. Accessible to researchers
Autonomous Vehicle Technology: Global Exploration and Chinese Practice (Unmanned System Technologies)
by Mingfang DuThe subject of this book is artificial intelligence (AI), introducing the fast road sensing algorithm and system based on image pattern recognition for unmanned vehicle, especially for traffic sign recognition and complex road recognition. With rich figures and credible data, this book systematically and comprehensively describes the core technology and industrialization focus of today's unmanned vehicle system, which can be used as a reference for R & D Engineers and industrialization practitioners of unmanned vehicle, and it can also be used as a teaching material for higher grades and postgraduates in colleges and universities.
Autonomous Vehicles and Civil Liability in a Global Perspective: Liability Law Study across the World in relation to SAE J3016 Standard for Driving Automation (Data Science, Machine Intelligence, and Law #3)
by Hans Steege Ilaria Amelia Caggiano Maria Cristina Gaeta Benjamin Von BodungenIn the automotive sector, digitalisation, connectivity and automation are rapidly expanding. In tomorrow’s vehicles, human beings will merely be passengers – which raises a host of complex legal issues regarding accidents involving self-driving vehicles. This book is the first to offer a comprehensive, global overview of civil liability regimes for all levels of vehicle automation in jurisdictions that represent some of the most important markets for the automotive industry. After a technical introduction to how self-driving cars work, the individual chapters analyse the liability for driving automation at SAE J3016 levels 0 through 5 from a country-specific perspective. All chapters were written by experts in the field and follow a uniform legal structure. Hence, the book offers an essential comparative analysis of similarities and differences in the jurisdictions examined, while also providing suggestions for future legislative changes at the national and international level. The book is not only relevant for legal scholars and practitioners but will also be of particular interest to anyone involved in the design, manufacture, distribution and operation of self-driving vehicles.
Autonomous Vehicles and the Law: Technology, Algorithms and Ethics (Elgar Law, Technology and Society series)
by Hannah Y. LimAutonomous vehicles have attracted a great deal of attention in the media, however there are some inconsistencies between the perception of autonomous vehicles’ capabilities and their actual functions. This book provides an accessible explanation of how autonomous vehicles function, including comprehensive explanations of the artificial intelligence (AI) involved, software and hardware, and suggests appropriate regulatory responses to the existing and emerging technology. Hannah YeeFen Lim explores the current capabilities of autonomous vehicles and importantly, highlights their inherent limitations and expounds the machine learning and algorithm pitfalls. Lim provides a concise and easy to follow overview of the technology behind autonomous vehicles which encompasses hardware and software aspects, including machine learning algorithms. Having laid the technical foundation, the following chapters assess the current legal standards in negligence law that are applicable to autonomous vehicles taking into account the current technical limitations of the vehicles. Lim concludes by exploring the ethical issues associated with autonomous vehicles and proposes appropriate regulatory approaches. This book will be of great value to policy makers seeking a deeper understanding of the technology behind autonomous vehicles and the relevant legal landscape in order to inform and guide the development of policies, laws and regulations. Legal practitioners will benefit from the discussion of recent use cases and applicable negligence law. Legal scholars researching artificial intelligence will also find the author’s easy to understand technical explanations and discourse on ethical considerations invaluable.
Autonomous Vehicles and Virtual Reality: The New Automobile Industrial Revolution
by Andras KemenyThis book concisely describes the technologies, human perception, and cognition issues relevant to autonomous vehicles. It also gives an insight in the changes bring about our future everyday lives.Autonomous vehicles are the future of the automobile industry. Automated driving (AD), also called self-driving, raises however several multiple questions, among them those of user safety and acceptation. Comprehensive HMI system design, with windshield display technics, will be necessary to deal with driving task delegations, bringing the use of VR or augmented reality (AR) technologies. In addition, the use of VR for all the vehicle interiors will progressively be proposed for entertainment, online business activities and for modified visual motion perception to alleviate car sickness, a form of motion sickness. Indeed, car sickness is already well known for many passengers, especially when reading or operating smartphones or other display devices. It is called to increase significantly with the introduction of autonomous vehicles where all users will be for long periods in various sitting positions. These two new trends, AD and VR, are already modifying our relationship with the world and the society. All together, they will change our way of life forever. The book will be of interest to professionals in the auto industry, researchers in automotive engineering and computer science and all those interested in the future of transport.
Autonomous Weapons Systems and the Responsibility of States: Challenges and Possibilities
by Lutiana Valadares Fernandes BarbosaThis book reviews whether the existing framework in place can effectively address breaches in the context of Autonomous Weapons Systems (AWS). The work endeavors to map out the main gaps and some possible approaches to address them. Part I sets the ground. First, it provides a concept of AWS. Next, it discusses the accountability gap AWS generate and shows how the international community has put far more emphasis on individual responsibility rather than state responsibility. Part II analyzes the challenges AWS pose to the regime governing state responsibility under international law, as codified in the Draft Articles on State Responsibility (ARSIWA). In this regard, it discusses attribution, breach of an international obligation, tempus comissi delicti, multiple states involved in a breach, force majeure, assurance of non-repetition, issues related to damage, the human-machine interaction and its impacts on state´s responsibility, responsibility for not using AWS, weapons review and the duty of due diligence. Part III summarizes the challenges discussed in part II in thirteen issues of concern and presents possible paths de lege ferenda to address each of those issues, mainly a paradigm shift in attribution and strict liability, among seven other more specific proposals. The conclusion reached is that the current regime on the international responsibility of states is insufficient to deal with the new challenges AWS pose. De lege ferenda, the book argues for following the paths suggested in part III. It also reflects on parts II and III's findings and how many of AWS's challenges to state´s responsibility apply to other autonomous devices. Therefore, through the case study of AWS, this work also opens the broader discussion of the gaps in the international responsibility of states regarding autonomous device misdoings.