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The Essentials of Drawing: Skills and techniques for every artist
by Peter GrayThis comprehensive guide to simple, effective drawing techniques encourages the reader to focus on expression and style to achieve artistic 'truth'. Rather than copying every element of a subject, the reader is urged to develop his or her own way of seeing subjects to produce an individual, expressive style of drawing. While offering demonstrations on matters such as proportion, perspective, light sources and mark-making, author Peter Gray inspires readers to become confident in their own abilities as artists.• Covers traditional areas such as still life, landscape, architecture and interiors, human and animal forms and portraiture• Clear format, which builds from basic processes to subjects requiring greater technical skill• Full of beautiful illustrations by the author• Suitable for beginners and more experienced artists
Essentials of Dyslexia Assessment and Intervention (Essentials of Psychological Assessment #89)
by Nancy Mather Barbara J. WendlingExpert guidance on the features of dyslexia and the most effective treatment options Essentials of Dyslexia Assessment and Intervention allows psychologists, graduate students, reading specialists, and others to quickly acquire the knowledge and skills needed to treat individuals struggling with dyslexia. This book provides step-by-step guidance on accurately identifying, assessing, and using evidence-based interventions with individuals with dyslexia. Addressing the components that need to be considered in the assessment of dyslexia—both cognitive and academic—this book includes descriptions of the various tests used in a comprehensive dyslexia assessment along with detailed, evidence-based interventions that professionals and parents can use to help individuals struggling with dyslexia. A part of the trusted Essentials of Psychological Assessment series, this book features concise chapters designed to facilitate retention of key concepts with callout boxes, bullet points, and extensive illustrations. Additionally, the chapters contain questions to test your knowledge and reinforce what you have learned. This updated second edition covers essential topics for today’s professionals, including genetic factors, reading instruction, technology, and dyslexia in schools. Gain an understanding of the neurological and genetic causes and risk factors of dyslexia Assess reading fluency, phonological awareness, and other markers of dyslexia Discover the latest interventions for improving reading and spelling in individuals with dyslexia Learn to pick up on cues that help with early identification and treatment of dyslexiaProviding an in-depth look at dyslexia, this straightforward book presents information that will prepare school psychologists, neuropsychologists, educational diagnosticians, special education teachers, as well as general education teachers, to recognize, assess, and provide effective treatment programs for dyslexia. The book is also a good resource for parents who are helping a child with dyslexia.
Essentials of Dyslexia Assessment and Intervention (Essentials of Psychological Assessment)
by Nancy Mather Barbara J. WendlingExpert guidance on the features of dyslexia and the most effective treatment options Essentials of Dyslexia Assessment and Intervention allows psychologists, graduate students, reading specialists, and others to quickly acquire the knowledge and skills needed to treat individuals struggling with dyslexia. This book provides step-by-step guidance on accurately identifying, assessing, and using evidence-based interventions with individuals with dyslexia. Addressing the components that need to be considered in the assessment of dyslexia—both cognitive and academic—this book includes descriptions of the various tests used in a comprehensive dyslexia assessment along with detailed, evidence-based interventions that professionals and parents can use to help individuals struggling with dyslexia. A part of the trusted Essentials of Psychological Assessment series, this book features concise chapters designed to facilitate retention of key concepts with callout boxes, bullet points, and extensive illustrations. Additionally, the chapters contain questions to test your knowledge and reinforce what you have learned. This updated second edition covers essential topics for today’s professionals, including genetic factors, reading instruction, technology, and dyslexia in schools. Gain an understanding of the neurological and genetic causes and risk factors of dyslexia Assess reading fluency, phonological awareness, and other markers of dyslexia Discover the latest interventions for improving reading and spelling in individuals with dyslexia Learn to pick up on cues that help with early identification and treatment of dyslexiaProviding an in-depth look at dyslexia, this straightforward book presents information that will prepare school psychologists, neuropsychologists, educational diagnosticians, special education teachers, as well as general education teachers, to recognize, assess, and provide effective treatment programs for dyslexia. The book is also a good resource for parents who are helping a child with dyslexia.
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies
by William B. Russell III Stewart WatersEssentials of Elementary Social Studies is a teacher friendly text that provides comprehensive treatment of classroom planning, instruction, and strategies. Praised for its dynamic approaches and a writing style that is conversational, personal, and professional, this text enables and encourages teachers to effectively teach elementary social studies using creative and active learning strategies. This sixth edition has been refined with new and relevant topics and strategies needed for effectively teaching elementary social studies. A few of new features include: An expanded chapter on the decision-making process in elementary social studies. This chapter provides additional discussion about the importance of helping young learners better understand the decision-making process and offers strategies for helping teachers make connections between choices, values, character development, and social justice. An updated chapter on technology designed to better prepare elementary teachers to effectively incorporate technology into social studies instruction. Attention is given to virtual teaching and learning, media literacy, teaching with film, and numerous other ways to improve teaching and learning in the digital age. Updated further readings and helpful resources for all chapters to include supplemental digital and video sources related to various topics throughout the chapter. New "Checking for Understanding" section at the end of each chapter that focuses on comprehension, application, and reflection on key concepts throughout the chapters. An updated chapter on lesson plans, in keeping with the book’s emphasis on planning and teaching. This chapter is designed to provide elementary social studies teachers with new classroom-tested lesson plans and includes two classroom-tested lessons for each grade level (K–6).
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies
by William B. Russell III Stewart WatersEssentials of Elementary Social Studies is a teacher friendly text that provides comprehensive treatment of classroom planning, instruction, and strategies. Praised for its dynamic approaches and a writing style that is conversational, personal, and professional, this text enables and encourages teachers to effectively teach elementary social studies using creative and active learning strategies. This sixth edition has been refined with new and relevant topics and strategies needed for effectively teaching elementary social studies. A few of new features include: An expanded chapter on the decision-making process in elementary social studies. This chapter provides additional discussion about the importance of helping young learners better understand the decision-making process and offers strategies for helping teachers make connections between choices, values, character development, and social justice. An updated chapter on technology designed to better prepare elementary teachers to effectively incorporate technology into social studies instruction. Attention is given to virtual teaching and learning, media literacy, teaching with film, and numerous other ways to improve teaching and learning in the digital age. Updated further readings and helpful resources for all chapters to include supplemental digital and video sources related to various topics throughout the chapter. New "Checking for Understanding" section at the end of each chapter that focuses on comprehension, application, and reflection on key concepts throughout the chapters. An updated chapter on lesson plans, in keeping with the book’s emphasis on planning and teaching. This chapter is designed to provide elementary social studies teachers with new classroom-tested lesson plans and includes two classroom-tested lessons for each grade level (K–6).
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies
by William B. Russell III Stewart Waters Thomas N. TurnerEssentials of Elementary Social Studies is a teacher-friendly text that provides comprehensive treatment of classroom planning, instruction, and strategies. Praised for its dynamic approaches and a writing style that is conversational, personal, and professional, this text enables and encourages teachers to effectively teach elementary social studies using creative and active learning strategies. This fifth edition has been significantly refined with new and relevant topics and strategies needed for effectively teaching elementary social studies. New features include: • In keeping with the book’s emphasis on planning and teaching, an updated chapter on lesson plans. This chapter is designed to provide elementary teachers with new classroom-tested lesson plans and includes two classroom-tested lessons for each grade level (K–6). • An expanded chapter on planning. This provides additional discussion about long-range planning and includes examples of lesson plans with details to help students be better prepared. • An updated chapter on technology designed to better prepare elementary teachers to effectively incorporate technology into social studies instruction. Attention is given to digital history, media literacy, teaching with film and music, popular apps and numerous other types of impactful technology. • An expanded discussion of the Common Core Standards and C3 Framework and how it affects teachers. • An updated chapter titled "Experiencing Social Studies." This chapter focuses on topics such as teaching with drama, role play, field trips, and service learning. • A new eResource containing links to helpful websites and suggestions for further reading.
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies: Elementary Social Studies (Essentials Of Classroom Teaching Ser.)
by William B. Russell III Stewart Waters Thomas N. TurnerEssentials of Elementary Social Studies is a teacher-friendly text that provides comprehensive treatment of classroom planning, instruction, and strategies. Praised for its dynamic approaches and a writing style that is conversational, personal, and professional, this text enables and encourages teachers to effectively teach elementary social studies using creative and active learning strategies. This fifth edition has been significantly refined with new and relevant topics and strategies needed for effectively teaching elementary social studies. New features include: • In keeping with the book’s emphasis on planning and teaching, an updated chapter on lesson plans. This chapter is designed to provide elementary teachers with new classroom-tested lesson plans and includes two classroom-tested lessons for each grade level (K–6). • An expanded chapter on planning. This provides additional discussion about long-range planning and includes examples of lesson plans with details to help students be better prepared. • An updated chapter on technology designed to better prepare elementary teachers to effectively incorporate technology into social studies instruction. Attention is given to digital history, media literacy, teaching with film and music, popular apps and numerous other types of impactful technology. • An expanded discussion of the Common Core Standards and C3 Framework and how it affects teachers. • An updated chapter titled "Experiencing Social Studies." This chapter focuses on topics such as teaching with drama, role play, field trips, and service learning. • A new eResource containing links to helpful websites and suggestions for further reading.
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies
by Thomas N. Turner William B. Russell III Stewart WatersEssentials of Elementary Social Studies is a teacher friendly text that provides comprehensive treatment of classroom planning, instruction, and strategies. Praised for its dynamic approaches and a writing style that is conversational, personal, and professional, this text enables and encourages teachers to effectively teach elementary social studies using creative and active learning strategies. New to this Edition This fourth edition has been significantly refined with new and relevant topics and strategies needed for effectively teaching elementary social studies. • Keeping with the book’s emphasis on planning and teaching, a full, new chapter on lesson plans has been added. This chapter is designed to provide elementary teachers with 14 classroom tested lessons for each grade level (K-6). • A new chapter on technology is designed to better prepare elementary teachers to effectively teach social studies with technology. Attention is given to digital history, media literacy, teaching with film and music, and numerous other types of impactful technology. • Each chapter now includes a “Resources” section. The resources section provides various resources for further development. The section includes articles, books, and web resources. • Each chapter now includes “Extension” and "Focus" activities. These activities provide readers with the opportunity to extend the learning experience with relevant and meaningful scenarios. Instructors can also use the extension and focus activities as class activities. • Brand new companion website expands on chapter content and provides resources for further study (www.routledge.com/cw/Turner).
Essentials of Elementary Social Studies
by Thomas N. Turner William B. Russell III Stewart WatersEssentials of Elementary Social Studies is a teacher friendly text that provides comprehensive treatment of classroom planning, instruction, and strategies. Praised for its dynamic approaches and a writing style that is conversational, personal, and professional, this text enables and encourages teachers to effectively teach elementary social studies using creative and active learning strategies. New to this Edition This fourth edition has been significantly refined with new and relevant topics and strategies needed for effectively teaching elementary social studies. • Keeping with the book’s emphasis on planning and teaching, a full, new chapter on lesson plans has been added. This chapter is designed to provide elementary teachers with 14 classroom tested lessons for each grade level (K-6). • A new chapter on technology is designed to better prepare elementary teachers to effectively teach social studies with technology. Attention is given to digital history, media literacy, teaching with film and music, and numerous other types of impactful technology. • Each chapter now includes a “Resources” section. The resources section provides various resources for further development. The section includes articles, books, and web resources. • Each chapter now includes “Extension” and "Focus" activities. These activities provide readers with the opportunity to extend the learning experience with relevant and meaningful scenarios. Instructors can also use the extension and focus activities as class activities. • Brand new companion website expands on chapter content and provides resources for further study (www.routledge.com/cw/Turner).
Essentials of Essay Writing: What Markers Look For (Macmillan Study Skills)
by Jamie Q RobertsThis engagingly written book uncovers what markers look for and demystifies the secrets of effective writing. Each chapter covers a core element of effective essay writing, from analyzing the question through to constructing a conclusion, and provides clear guidelines to apply in your own work.
The essentials of GCSE OCR additional science for specification A. Student exam practice workbook. (PDF)
by Eliot Attridge Dorothy Warren Trevor Banham Baker Neil Dixon Bob Woodcock Andrew Macadam Matthew PriestlyThis workbook can be used at home or in the classroom to provide excellent preparation for tests and exams. It includes GCSE-style questions for every topic on the OCR 21st century GCSE additional science specification and clearly differentiates higher tier questions. Alternate ISBNs 9781905129706
Essentials of Holocaust Education: Fundamental Issues and Approaches
by Samuel Totten Stephen FeinbergEssentials of Holocaust Education: Fundamental Issues and Approaches is a comprehensive guide for pre- and in-service educators preparing to teach about this watershed event in human history. An original collection of essays by Holocaust scholars, teacher educators, and classroom teachers, it covers a full range of issues relating to Holocaust education, with the goal of helping teachers to help students gain a deep and thorough understanding of why and how the Holocaust was perpetrated. Both conceptual and pragmatic, it delineates key rationales for teaching the Holocaust, provides useful historical background information for teachers, and offers a wide array of practical approaches for teaching about the Holocaust. Various chapters address teaching with film and literature, incorporating the use of primary accounts into a study of the Holocaust, using technology to teach the Holocaust, and gearing the content and instructional approaches and strategies to age-appropriate audiences. A ground-breaking and highly original book, Essentials of Holocaust Education will help teachers engage students in a study of the Holocaust that is compelling, thought-provoking, and reflective
Essentials of Holocaust Education: Fundamental Issues and Approaches
by Samuel Totten Stephen FeinbergEssentials of Holocaust Education: Fundamental Issues and Approaches is a comprehensive guide for pre- and in-service educators preparing to teach about this watershed event in human history. An original collection of essays by Holocaust scholars, teacher educators, and classroom teachers, it covers a full range of issues relating to Holocaust education, with the goal of helping teachers to help students gain a deep and thorough understanding of why and how the Holocaust was perpetrated. Both conceptual and pragmatic, it delineates key rationales for teaching the Holocaust, provides useful historical background information for teachers, and offers a wide array of practical approaches for teaching about the Holocaust. Various chapters address teaching with film and literature, incorporating the use of primary accounts into a study of the Holocaust, using technology to teach the Holocaust, and gearing the content and instructional approaches and strategies to age-appropriate audiences. A ground-breaking and highly original book, Essentials of Holocaust Education will help teachers engage students in a study of the Holocaust that is compelling, thought-provoking, and reflective
The Essentials of Instructional Design: Connecting Fundamental Principles with Process and Practice, Third Edition
by Abbie H. Brown Timothy D. GreenThe Essentials of Instructional Design, 3rd Edition introduces the essential elements of instructional design (ID) to students who are new to ID. The key procedures within the ID process—learner analysis, task analysis, needs analysis, developing goals and objectives, organizing instruction, developing instructional activities, assessing learner achievement and evaluating the success of the instructional design—are covered in complete chapters that describe and provide examples of how the procedure is accomplished using the best known instructional design models. Unlike most other ID books, The Essentials of Instructional Design provides an overview of the principles and practice of ID without placing emphasis on any one ID model. Offering the voices of instructional designers from a number of professional settings and providing real-life examples from across sectors, students learn how professional organizations put the various ID processes into practice. This introductory textbook provides students with the information they need to make informed decisions as they design and develop instruction, offering them a variety of possible approaches for each step in the ID process and clearly explaining the strengths and challenges associated with each approach.
The Essentials of Instructional Design: Connecting Fundamental Principles with Process and Practice, Third Edition
by Abbie H. Brown Timothy D. GreenThe Essentials of Instructional Design, 3rd Edition introduces the essential elements of instructional design (ID) to students who are new to ID. The key procedures within the ID process—learner analysis, task analysis, needs analysis, developing goals and objectives, organizing instruction, developing instructional activities, assessing learner achievement and evaluating the success of the instructional design—are covered in complete chapters that describe and provide examples of how the procedure is accomplished using the best known instructional design models. Unlike most other ID books, The Essentials of Instructional Design provides an overview of the principles and practice of ID without placing emphasis on any one ID model. Offering the voices of instructional designers from a number of professional settings and providing real-life examples from across sectors, students learn how professional organizations put the various ID processes into practice. This introductory textbook provides students with the information they need to make informed decisions as they design and develop instruction, offering them a variety of possible approaches for each step in the ID process and clearly explaining the strengths and challenges associated with each approach.
The Essentials of Instructional Design: Connecting Fundamental Principles with Process and Practice
by Abbie H. Brown Timothy D. GreenThe Essentials of Instructional Design, 4th Edition, introduces the fundamental elements, principles, and practice of instructional design (ID) to students new to ID. Key procedures within the ID process—learner analysis, task analysis, needs analysis, developing goals and objectives, organizing instruction, developing instructional activities, assessing learner achievement, and evaluating the success of the instructional design—are covered comprehensively and enriched with descriptions and examples of how these procedures are accomplished using the best-known models. Unlike most other ID books, The Essentials of Instructional Design provides an overview of the principles and practice of ID without placing emphasis on any one ID model. Offering the voices of instructional designers from a number of professional settings and providing real-life examples from across sectors, students learn how professional organizations put the various ID processes into practice. This revised edition features new activities, quizzes, and content on professional development. Offering a variety of possible approaches for each step in the ID process and clearly explaining the strengths and challenges associated with each, this book prepares students with the information they need to make informed decisions as they design and develop instruction.
The Essentials of Instructional Design: Connecting Fundamental Principles with Process and Practice
by Abbie H. Brown Timothy D. GreenThe Essentials of Instructional Design, 4th Edition, introduces the fundamental elements, principles, and practice of instructional design (ID) to students new to ID. Key procedures within the ID process—learner analysis, task analysis, needs analysis, developing goals and objectives, organizing instruction, developing instructional activities, assessing learner achievement, and evaluating the success of the instructional design—are covered comprehensively and enriched with descriptions and examples of how these procedures are accomplished using the best-known models. Unlike most other ID books, The Essentials of Instructional Design provides an overview of the principles and practice of ID without placing emphasis on any one ID model. Offering the voices of instructional designers from a number of professional settings and providing real-life examples from across sectors, students learn how professional organizations put the various ID processes into practice. This revised edition features new activities, quizzes, and content on professional development. Offering a variety of possible approaches for each step in the ID process and clearly explaining the strengths and challenges associated with each, this book prepares students with the information they need to make informed decisions as they design and develop instruction.
The Essentials of Instructional Design: Connecting Fundamental Principles with Process and Practice
by Abbie H. Brown Timothy D. Green• Provides an overview of the principles and practice of Instructional Design without placing emphasis on any one ID model. • Introduces the essential elements of instructional design to students who are new to ID or need a refresher while in training or professional practice. • Revised and updated to include new references, definitions, technologies, instructional formats, design approaches, and more while retaining the structure and contents of the previous edition.
The Essentials of Instructional Design: Connecting Fundamental Principles with Process and Practice
by Abbie H. Brown Timothy D. Green• Provides an overview of the principles and practice of Instructional Design without placing emphasis on any one ID model. • Introduces the essential elements of instructional design to students who are new to ID or need a refresher while in training or professional practice. • Revised and updated to include new references, definitions, technologies, instructional formats, design approaches, and more while retaining the structure and contents of the previous edition.
Essentials of Integrating the Language Arts
by David YellinEssentials of Integrating the Language Arts, Fifth Edition, offers students all the practical tools they need to be effective language arts teachers, supported by the necessary theoretical foundation. Like its predecessors, this edition presents a comprehensive approach to teaching the language arts, balancing direct instruction in the communication arts and integrating the language arts with other content areas such as music, art, mathematics, social studies, and science. It explores the important topics of community and caregiver involvement in education and offers thoughtful coverage of diversity in the schools. Practical teaching ideas are found in every chapter.The 5th Edition reflects current teaching practices, field knowledge, and research. Significant changes include: A more streamlined approach to allow readers to move quickly from learning chapter concepts and related theory and research to understanding how they are applied in classroom practices, activities, and strategies Discussion of standards, including the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), with the goal of showing readers how they can apply standards in the classroom to help meet their students' needs New teaching activities that support the chapter topics and align with the CCSS An appendix with more than 25 classroom assessment tools Discussion of current, quality children's and young adult literature, including informational texts, supported by an appendix of annotated lists of books by genre Key Features "In the Classroom" vignettes, describing real teachers implementing language arts strategies and activities with their students "RRP" (Read Research Practice) boxed features, offering ideas for activities and projects "Teaching Activities," which future teachers can use in their own classrooms "Field and Practicum Activities," which readers can use now in field and practicum settings Discussions of technology and websites, to help readers prepare to integrate technology in their own classrooms
Essentials of Integrating the Language Arts
by David YellinEssentials of Integrating the Language Arts, Fifth Edition, offers students all the practical tools they need to be effective language arts teachers, supported by the necessary theoretical foundation. Like its predecessors, this edition presents a comprehensive approach to teaching the language arts, balancing direct instruction in the communication arts and integrating the language arts with other content areas such as music, art, mathematics, social studies, and science. It explores the important topics of community and caregiver involvement in education and offers thoughtful coverage of diversity in the schools. Practical teaching ideas are found in every chapter.The 5th Edition reflects current teaching practices, field knowledge, and research. Significant changes include: A more streamlined approach to allow readers to move quickly from learning chapter concepts and related theory and research to understanding how they are applied in classroom practices, activities, and strategies Discussion of standards, including the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), with the goal of showing readers how they can apply standards in the classroom to help meet their students' needs New teaching activities that support the chapter topics and align with the CCSS An appendix with more than 25 classroom assessment tools Discussion of current, quality children's and young adult literature, including informational texts, supported by an appendix of annotated lists of books by genre Key Features "In the Classroom" vignettes, describing real teachers implementing language arts strategies and activities with their students "RRP" (Read Research Practice) boxed features, offering ideas for activities and projects "Teaching Activities," which future teachers can use in their own classrooms "Field and Practicum Activities," which readers can use now in field and practicum settings Discussions of technology and websites, to help readers prepare to integrate technology in their own classrooms
Essentials of Landscape Composition
by Leonard RichmondAnyone who has mastered the art of writing can learn to draw, according to this accomplished artist and author of several fine art books. Confident that most people have the ability to express themselves artistically once they have acquired the right techniques, Richmond offers his tried-and-true methods of drawing and composition in this easy-to-follow guide."The short road to success" begins with a brush. Richmond advises novices to forego the use of a pencil, since it demands a higher degree of accuracy than the beginner possesses. When a brush is used, the ink glides over the paper easily and is more likely to bring desired results. Starting with simple lines and curves, then moving on to various elements--from clouds and trees to castles and cottages--Richmond offers exercises to train the eyes and hand to work together. In step-by-step pictorial sequences, he effectively illustrates how to construct a successful landscape, offers tips on perspective--and even uses several great works of art for lessons in composition. Invaluable for students and teachers, this guide will help artists at every level bring landscapes to life.
Essentials Of Literacy From 0-7: A Whole-child Approach To Communication, Language And Literacy
by Tina Bruce Jenny SprattChildren flourish in their development and learning when practitioners and parents work together. Children's development and learning are further enhanced when interconnected knowledge and understanding work together. In this new edition the authors guide readers in understanding of child development. They highlight the need for those who work with young children to become reflective practitioners. Through a focus on the introduction of nursery rhymes, finger rhymes, action songs and poetry cards, the authors provide a gentle, child-friendly way to develop literacy 0-7.
Essentials Of Literacy From 0-7: A Whole-child Approach To Communication, Language And Literacy (PDF)
by Tina Bruce Jenny SprattChildren flourish in their development and learning when practitioners and parents work together. Children's development and learning are further enhanced when interconnected knowledge and understanding work together. In this new edition the authors guide readers in understanding of child development. They highlight the need for those who work with young children to become reflective practitioners. Through a focus on the introduction of nursery rhymes, finger rhymes, action songs and poetry cards, the authors provide a gentle, child-friendly way to develop literacy 0-7.
Essentials of Literacy from 0-7: A Whole-Child Approach to Communication, Language and Literacy (PDF)
by Ms Jenny Spratt Professor Tina BruceChildren flourish in their development and learning when practitioners and parents work together. Childrens' development and learning are further enhanced when interconnected knowledge and understanding work together. In this new edition the authors guide readers in understanding of child development. They highlight the need for those who work with young children to become reflective practitioners. Through a focus on the introduction of nursery rhymes, finger rhymes, action songs and poetry cards, the authors provide a gentle, child-friendly way to develop literacy 0-7. Thoroughly revised and updated, this book includes: - Case studies and examples - Discussion of the primary framework - Inclusion of schools as an educational setting - Age-appropriate activities - Further reading suggestions at the end of each chapter This book is useful for teachers, practitioners, teaching assistants and childminders and for anyone working with children from birth to seven years in nursery and primary schools, children's centres, foundation units, and at home. Tina Bruce is an Honorary visiting professor in Early Childhood at Roehampton University. Jenny Spratt is Head of EYFS and Children's Centre Services for Peterborough Local Authority