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Crisis, Collapse, Militarism and Civil War: The History and Historiography of 18th Century Iran
The eighteenth century was a crucial era in modern Iranian history, but up to now it has been little studied outside Iran. In Crisis, Collapse, Militarism and Civil War, Michael Axworthy has gathered leading experts on this period from around the world to provide a multifaceted account of this fascinating, dramatic, and turbulent era. The volume covers economics, intellectual history, military developments, politics, and the visual arts. In the 1720s, after the collapse of Safavid rule in 1722, it seemed that Iran might disappear altogether, partitioned between her neighbors. Within a few years the country surged back to make a bid for regional dominance under Nader Shah, but lapsed again into civil war after his untimely death in 1747. The civil wars lasted almost until the end of the century, albeit with an interlude of relative calm and good governance under Karim Khan Zand, who ruled from the mid-1750s until his death in 1779. In 1796, after more civil wars, Agha Mohammad Shah had himself crowned as the first monarch of the Qajar dynasty, which lasted until 1925. This formative period is vital for understanding modern and contemporary Iran, and it is a fascinating drama of events and personalities in its own right. It was a period of crisis and turmoil, but also a period of possibility and creativity in ways that have for the most part been forgotten. Until now, scholarship on the significance of the eighteenth century in Iran has been scant and often obscure. This volume will not only change that, but it will also reshape our understanding of the history of one of the most important and influential states in the Middle East.
Crisis, Identity and Migration in Post-Colonial Southern Africa (Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development)
by Hangwelani Hope Magidimisha Nene Ernest Khalema Lovemore Chipungu Tamuka C. Chirimambowa Tinashe Lukas ChimedzaThis book offers a socio-historical analysis of migration and the possibilities of regional integration in Southern Africa. It examines both the historical roots of and contemporary challenges regarding the social, economic, and geo-political causes of migration and its consequences (i.e. xenophobia) to illustrate how ‘diaspora’ migrations have shaped a sense of identity, citizenry, and belonging in the region. By discussing immigration policies and processes and highlighting how the struggle for belonging is mediated by new pressures concerning economic security, social inequality, and globalist challenges, the book develops policy responses to the challenge of social and economic exclusion, as well as xenophobic violence, in Southern Africa. This timely and highly informative book will appeal to all scholars, activists, and policy-makers looking to revisit migration policies and realign them with current globalization and regional integration trends.
Crisis in a Divided Korea: A Chronology and Reference Guide
by James I. MatrayThis book provides scholars and students examining Korea's place in modern world politics with an invaluable resource for understanding the causes, course, and consequences of the ongoing crisis on the Korean Peninsula.Why is Korea still divided into two nations? How does the decades-old tension between North Korea and South Korea affect all of Asia as well as influence several of the world's major powers, including Japan, the People's Republic of China, Russia, and the United States? This book provides answers to these questions and more, presenting readers with descriptions of historical developments in Korea's past and supplying the necessary context for understanding why the Korean Peninsula remains split at the 38th parallel.Two comprehensive opening chapters present a broad overview of events in Korea's history from ancient times through the start of World War II. The subsequent chapters cover Korea's role in the Cold War, describing the Soviet-American sponsorship of two Koreas, the Korean War, Soviet and Chinese support for North Korea, the U.S. alliance with South Korea, South Korea's long struggle to achieve democracy, the Kim dynasty in North Korea, and moments of tension and cooperation between North and South Korea. Written in a clear, direct, and accessible style, the book will be valuable to high school, undergraduate, and graduate-level students.
Crisis in a Divided Korea: A Chronology and Reference Guide
by James I. MatrayThis book provides scholars and students examining Korea's place in modern world politics with an invaluable resource for understanding the causes, course, and consequences of the ongoing crisis on the Korean Peninsula.Why is Korea still divided into two nations? How does the decades-old tension between North Korea and South Korea affect all of Asia as well as influence several of the world's major powers, including Japan, the People's Republic of China, Russia, and the United States? This book provides answers to these questions and more, presenting readers with descriptions of historical developments in Korea's past and supplying the necessary context for understanding why the Korean Peninsula remains split at the 38th parallel.Two comprehensive opening chapters present a broad overview of events in Korea's history from ancient times through the start of World War II. The subsequent chapters cover Korea's role in the Cold War, describing the Soviet-American sponsorship of two Koreas, the Korean War, Soviet and Chinese support for North Korea, the U.S. alliance with South Korea, South Korea's long struggle to achieve democracy, the Kim dynasty in North Korea, and moments of tension and cooperation between North and South Korea. Written in a clear, direct, and accessible style, the book will be valuable to high school, undergraduate, and graduate-level students.
Crisis in an Atlantic Empire: Spain and New Spain, 1808-1810 (The Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science #131)
by Barbara H. Stein Stanley J. SteinWith a compelling narrative that weaves together story and thesis and brings to life immense archival research and empirical data, Crisis in an Atlantic Empire is a finely grained historical tour of the period covering 1808 to 1810, which is often called "the age of revolutions."The study examines an accumulation of countervailing elements in a spasm of imperial crisis, as Spain and its major colony New Spain struggled to preserve traditional structures of exchange—Spain's transatlantic trade system—with Caribbean ports at Veracruz and Havana in wartime after 1804. Rooted in the struggle between businessmen seeking to expand their economic reach and the ruling class seeking to maintain its hegemonic control, the crisis sheds light on the contest between free trade and monopoly trade and the politics of preservation among an enduring and influential interest group: merchants.Reflecting the authors’ masterful use of archival sources and their magisterial knowledge of the era’s complex metropolitan and colonial institutions, this volume is the capstone of a research endeavor spanning nearly sixty years.
Crisis in an Atlantic Empire: Spain and New Spain, 1808-1810 (The Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science #131)
by Stanley J. Stein Barbara H. SteinWith a compelling narrative that weaves together story and thesis and brings to life immense archival research and empirical data, Crisis in an Atlantic Empire is a finely grained historical tour of the period covering 1808 to 1810, which is often called "the age of revolutions."The study examines an accumulation of countervailing elements in a spasm of imperial crisis, as Spain and its major colony New Spain struggled to preserve traditional structures of exchangeâ€�Spain's transatlantic trade systemâ€�with Caribbean ports at Veracruz and Havana in wartime after 1804. Rooted in the struggle between businessmen seeking to expand their economic reach and the ruling class seeking to maintain its hegemonic control, the crisis sheds light on the contest between free trade and monopoly trade and the politics of preservation among an enduring and influential interest group: merchants.Reflecting the authors’ masterful use of archival sources and their magisterial knowledge of the era’s complex metropolitan and colonial institutions, this volume is the capstone of a research endeavor spanning nearly sixty years.
The Crisis in Continental Philosophy: History, Truth and the Hegelian Legacy (Continuum Studies in Continental Philosophy)
by Robert PierceyContinental philosophy has traditionally seen philosophy as historical, claiming that there are no new beginnings in the discipline, and that we must revisit the work of earlier thinkers again and again. Yet, continental philosophers rarely argue explicitly for their view of philosophy's past, and the discussions of the topic that exist tend to be riddled with confusion. Here, Robert Piercey asks why, and explores what the continental tradition must do to come to terms with this crisis. Piercey traces the confusion about history back to Hegel, who he argues sends a mixed message about historical thinking, one that is later adopted by Heidegger and then passed on to his successors. In addition to telling the story of this crisis, Piercey offers an account of historical thinking that does not lead to the difficulties that currently plague the continental tradition. The result is a highly original look at the development of continental thought and the nature of philosophy's historical turn.
The Crisis in Continental Philosophy: History, Truth and the Hegelian Legacy (Continuum Studies in Continental Philosophy #89)
by Robert PierceyContinental philosophy has traditionally seen philosophy as historical, claiming that there are no new beginnings in the discipline, and that we must revisit the work of earlier thinkers again and again. Yet, continental philosophers rarely argue explicitly for their view of philosophy's past, and the discussions of the topic that exist tend to be riddled with confusion. Here, Robert Piercey asks why, and explores what the continental tradition must do to come to terms with this crisis. Piercey traces the confusion about history back to Hegel, who he argues sends a mixed message about historical thinking, one that is later adopted by Heidegger and then passed on to his successors. In addition to telling the story of this crisis, Piercey offers an account of historical thinking that does not lead to the difficulties that currently plague the continental tradition. The result is a highly original look at the development of continental thought and the nature of philosophy's historical turn.
Crisis in Early Religion (Universal- und kulturhistorische Studien. Studies in Universal and Cultural History)
by Mait Kõiv Märt Läänemets Kerstin Droß-Krüpe Sebastian FinkReligion is closely linked to social development as it often serves as the ideological fundament of a society and one of the foremost expressions of its culture. The articles in this volume are devoted to the study of religious crisis in Anqituity and deal with these pheonomena in the Ancient Near East, Rome, Greece, China and India.
The Crisis in Historical Materialism: Class, Politics and Culture in Marxist Theory (Language, Discourse, Society)
by S. AronowitzIn this provocative and famous book, now substantially revised and with much new material, Stanley Aronowitz lays bare the fundamental logical problems in Marxist theory with respect to nature, gender and race relations, the concept of class, and historical time. Aronowitz has written a stunning book offering an approach towards a new way of thinking about these problems, a book which will be addressed by other Marxist scholars and by students of social and cultural theory in many disciplines.
The Crisis in Pro Baseball and Japan’s Lost Decade: The Curious Resilience of Heisei Japan (Routledge Contemporary Japan Series)
by Paul DunscombThis book examines Japan’s Heisei era through the lens of the crisis in Japanese professional baseball of 2004, challenging the narrative of decline which dominates the discourse on the period. The story of this crisis reveals much about the Japanese psyche during the “Lost Decade,” about the nature of change during Heisei Japan and of the nation’s resilience. The business of professional baseball provides crucial insights as it achieved its basic form at the same time as Japan's post-war political economy, and shared many characteristics with it, including systemic inefficiencies which post “bubble” Japan could no longer sustain. The book traces how the crisis unfolded and the cast of characters who appeared during it (including team owners, players, IT entrepreneurs, and ordinary fans) revealing much about the push and pull of continuity and change in Japan. Featuring an in-depth analysis or the key participants and developments of the crisis in baseball this book will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of sports management, Japanese history, and Japanese culture, particularly of the Heisei era.
The Crisis in Pro Baseball and Japan’s Lost Decade: The Curious Resilience of Heisei Japan (Routledge Contemporary Japan Series)
by Paul DunscombThis book examines Japan’s Heisei era through the lens of the crisis in Japanese professional baseball of 2004, challenging the narrative of decline which dominates the discourse on the period. The story of this crisis reveals much about the Japanese psyche during the “Lost Decade,” about the nature of change during Heisei Japan and of the nation’s resilience. The business of professional baseball provides crucial insights as it achieved its basic form at the same time as Japan's post-war political economy, and shared many characteristics with it, including systemic inefficiencies which post “bubble” Japan could no longer sustain. The book traces how the crisis unfolded and the cast of characters who appeared during it (including team owners, players, IT entrepreneurs, and ordinary fans) revealing much about the push and pull of continuity and change in Japan. Featuring an in-depth analysis or the key participants and developments of the crisis in baseball this book will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of sports management, Japanese history, and Japanese culture, particularly of the Heisei era.
Crisis in the Congo: The Rise and Fall of Laurent Kabila
by F. NgoletThis volume offers a comprehensive history and analysis of the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the tumultuous period of 1997 - 2001. The author examines the most recent events in this turbulent region, offering a contemporary account that is both extensive and detailed.
Crisis in the Global Mediasphere: Desire, Displeasure and Cultural Transformation
by J. LewisCrisis in the Global Mediasphere examines the evolution of contemporary global crises as an effect of mediation and cultural change. The book argues that a crisis consciousness has emerged through the interaction of crisis conditions and a more expansive human desire for pleasure.
Crisis in the Horn of Africa: Politics, Piracy and The Threat of Terror (International Library Of African Studies)
by Peter WoodwardThe most dangerous corner of Africa is its northeastern Horn where instability reigns and terrorism thrives on the antagonisms of all of its governments. This region, comprising Ethiopia, Sudan and now South Sudan, Somalia, Djibouti and Eritrea, and stretching to include Kenya and Uganda, is a pivotal geopolitical pressure point in world politics. It stands at the hinge of Africa and the Middle East. It was of vital interest to the superpowers during the Cold War and remains, in the post-Cold War period, a key area in international relations and a major source of mineral wealth, while its sufferings have been described as a scar on the conscience of humanity. But seemingly endemic political chaos, failed states, terrorism and international piracy have dealt a death blow to the ambitions of the US and her allies in the international community to further a New World Order of liberal democracy. Peter Woodward's book is essential reading for Africa and international relations specialists, including policy planners.
Crisis in the Philippines: The Marcos Era and Beyond. Preface by David D. Newsom (PDF)
by John BresnanThe book provides an overview of the history of the Philippines from the period of Spanish colonial domination to the present and analyzes the twenty-year Marcos record and the causes of the downfall of the Marcos regime. The essays will greatly aid the general reader in understanding the Philippine-American relationship.Originally published in 1986.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Crisis Music: The Life-and-Times of Six Twentieth-Century Composers
by John CapsStory-like chapters profile six twentieth-century reactive composers; not the most famous pillars of the period but lesser-known, perhaps more approachable, characters whose stories span that 1900-2000 period from decadent fin-de-siècle Vienna (Alban Berg, Alexander Zemlinsky) to war-torn Paris (Olivier Messiaen, Arthur Honegger) to the Cold War tensions of East vs. West (Tōru Takemitsu) and late-century Communism (Arvo Pärt). Their stories were all very different crises, and they produced very different kinds of music; each very telling of their composers life and times. Crisis Music presents each brief biography almost like a detective story looking for motives, then spotlights one particular piece of music from each composer that emerged directly out of hard times maybe a political crisis at the time of composition (Hitler marching into Paris or later Communist crack-downs); or some personal angst such as illness or scandal and how that music contains and expresses crisis. In short, the subject for discussion is how context influences content. Such troubled and especially vivid composition, crisis music, can often be most compelling and meaningful for its composer and for its time. Indeed, their music also seems to have a special resonance to share with our own crisis-prone times. And meanwhile, Western music history played-out its own story from late-romantic style to Serialism and Minimalism to the anything-goes Pluralism we hear today. Crisis Music sparks the discussion about how history, biography and music intersects. At the behest of music teachers at secondary and tertiary levels, Crisis Music contains substantive Discussion Questions geared for classroom use.
Crisis Music: The Life-and-Times of Six Twentieth-Century Composers
by John CapsStory-like chapters profile six twentieth-century reactive composers; not the most famous pillars of the period but lesser-known, perhaps more approachable, characters whose stories span that 1900-2000 period from decadent fin-de-siècle Vienna (Alban Berg, Alexander Zemlinsky) to war-torn Paris (Olivier Messiaen, Arthur Honegger) to the Cold War tensions of East vs. West (Tōru Takemitsu) and late-century Communism (Arvo Pärt). Their stories were all very different crises, and they produced very different kinds of music; each very telling of their composers life and times. Crisis Music presents each brief biography almost like a detective story looking for motives, then spotlights one particular piece of music from each composer that emerged directly out of hard times maybe a political crisis at the time of composition (Hitler marching into Paris or later Communist crack-downs); or some personal angst such as illness or scandal and how that music contains and expresses crisis. In short, the subject for discussion is how context influences content. Such troubled and especially vivid composition, crisis music, can often be most compelling and meaningful for its composer and for its time. Indeed, their music also seems to have a special resonance to share with our own crisis-prone times. And meanwhile, Western music history played-out its own story from late-romantic style to Serialism and Minimalism to the anything-goes Pluralism we hear today. Crisis Music sparks the discussion about how history, biography and music intersects. At the behest of music teachers at secondary and tertiary levels, Crisis Music contains substantive Discussion Questions geared for classroom use.
Crisis music: The cultural politics of Rock Against Racism
by Ian GoodyerMarching to the beat of punk rock and reggae, Rock Against Racism was a mass movement built in opposition to racism and fascism in 1970s Britain. At a time of severe economic and social crises, RAR, alongside the Anti-Nazi League, organised one of the biggest and most effective political and cultural mobilisations of the post-war period. Expressing itself through spectacular carnivals, concerts, marches and innovative forms of design and communication, RAR combined hard-headed political organisation with the optimism and energy of radical youth culture. Drawing on interviews with activists, supporters and critics, and based on the latest research, Crisis music explores the nature of this ground-breaking politico-cultural phenomenon. The author explains why RAR seized upon the power and passion of punk and reggae, and how this has helped to shape the boundaries of modern popular music. He also offers, for the first time, a clear picture of the relationship between RAR and its main political sponsor, the Socialist Workers Party. Crisis music discusses RAR’s place within the left’s often-troubled encounters with popular culture, and draws comparisons with other music-based movements and campaigns, such as the post-war folk revival and Live 8. This book casts light on numerous current debates: about ‘celebrity politics’ and the role of musicians as political spokespeople, for instance, and the links between ethnicity, popular culture and politics. It will be of value to students and researchers in cultural studies, politics and labour history, and to anyone interested in the role of culture in political activity.
The Crisis of 1614 and The Addled Parliament: Literary and Historical Perspectives
by Stephen Clucas Rosalind DaviesThis title was first published in 2003. The aim of The Crisis of 1614 and The Addled Parliament is to bring literary historians together with constitutional and state historians to reflect on the political and ideological upheavals of Britain in 1614 from various perspectives. In the aftermath of new historicism and 'revisionist' Stuart historiography the time seems right for the detailed study of highly specific historical moments and localities, and 1614 seemed particularly in need of renewed attention because few traditional historians have seriously addressed the constitutional crisis of the ill-fated parliament of that year. Literary historians, too, seemed to have failed to bring this significant political moment into focus, despite the fact that there were many literary interventions in contemporary debates of the period. The volume investigates a number of key issues of this decisive political watershed - and examines not only the disastrous parliament, but also wider problems connected to commerce and economics and the freedom of political debate.
The Crisis of 1614 and The Addled Parliament: Literary and Historical Perspectives
by Stephen Clucas Rosalind DaviesThis title was first published in 2003. The aim of The Crisis of 1614 and The Addled Parliament is to bring literary historians together with constitutional and state historians to reflect on the political and ideological upheavals of Britain in 1614 from various perspectives. In the aftermath of new historicism and 'revisionist' Stuart historiography the time seems right for the detailed study of highly specific historical moments and localities, and 1614 seemed particularly in need of renewed attention because few traditional historians have seriously addressed the constitutional crisis of the ill-fated parliament of that year. Literary historians, too, seemed to have failed to bring this significant political moment into focus, despite the fact that there were many literary interventions in contemporary debates of the period. The volume investigates a number of key issues of this decisive political watershed - and examines not only the disastrous parliament, but also wider problems connected to commerce and economics and the freedom of political debate.
The Crisis of 1898: Colonial Redistribution and Nationalist Mobilization
by Angel Smith Emma Dávila-CoxIn 1898 the United States and Spain went to war over the political future of Cuba. At the end of the conflict, the world's distribution of imperial power had dramatically changed, the old Spanish empire giving way to the imperialist ambitions of the young American nation. At the same time, all the countries involved experienced some sort of nationalist mobilisation as a consequence of the war. This book explores the interplay of political, economic, social and military aspects of the 1898 war in the United States, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Spain and the Philippines, all main characters in this short but momentous turn-of-the-century drama.
A Crisis of Beliefs: Investor Psychology and Financial Fragility
by Nicola Gennaioli Andrei ShleiferHow investor expectations move markets and the economyThe collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008 caught markets and regulators by surprise. Although the government rushed to rescue other financial institutions from a similar fate after Lehman, it could not prevent the deepest recession in postwar history. A Crisis of Beliefs makes us rethink the financial crisis and the nature of economic risk. In this authoritative and comprehensive book, two of today’s most insightful economists reveal how our beliefs shape financial markets, lead to expansions of credit and leverage, and expose the economy to major risks.Nicola Gennaioli and Andrei Shleifer carefully walk readers through the unraveling of Lehman Brothers and the ensuing meltdown of the US financial system, and then present new evidence to illustrate the destabilizing role played by the beliefs of home buyers, investors, and regulators. Using the latest research in psychology and behavioral economics, they present a new theory of belief formation that explains why the financial crisis came as such a shock to so many people—and how financial and economic instability persist.A must-read for anyone seeking insights into financial markets, A Crisis of Beliefs shows how even the smartest market participants and regulators did not fully appreciate the extent of economic risk, and offers a new framework for understanding today’s unpredictable financial waters.
A Crisis of Beliefs: Investor Psychology and Financial Fragility
by Nicola Gennaioli Andrei ShleiferHow investor expectations move markets and the economyThe collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008 caught markets and regulators by surprise. Although the government rushed to rescue other financial institutions from a similar fate after Lehman, it could not prevent the deepest recession in postwar history. A Crisis of Beliefs makes us rethink the financial crisis and the nature of economic risk. In this authoritative and comprehensive book, two of today’s most insightful economists reveal how our beliefs shape financial markets, lead to expansions of credit and leverage, and expose the economy to major risks.Nicola Gennaioli and Andrei Shleifer carefully walk readers through the unraveling of Lehman Brothers and the ensuing meltdown of the US financial system, and then present new evidence to illustrate the destabilizing role played by the beliefs of home buyers, investors, and regulators. Using the latest research in psychology and behavioral economics, they present a new theory of belief formation that explains why the financial crisis came as such a shock to so many people—and how financial and economic instability persist.A must-read for anyone seeking insights into financial markets, A Crisis of Beliefs shows how even the smartest market participants and regulators did not fully appreciate the extent of economic risk, and offers a new framework for understanding today’s unpredictable financial waters.
The crisis of British Protestantism: Church power in the Puritan Revolution, 1638–44 (Politics, Culture and Society in Early Modern Britain)
by Hunter PowellThis book seeks to bring coherence to two of the most studied periods in British history, Caroline non-conformity (pre-1640) and the British revolution (post-1642). It does so by focusing on the pivotal years of 1638–44 where debates around non-conformity within the Church of England morphed into a revolution between Parliament and its king. Parliament, saddled with the responsibility of re-defining England’s church, called its Westminster assembly of divines to debate and define the content and boundaries of that new church. Typically this period has been studied as either an ecclesiastical power struggle between Presbyterians and independents, or as the harbinger of modern religious toleration. This book challenges those assumptions and provides an entirely new framework for understanding one of the most important moments in British history.