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Design by IKEA: A Cultural History
by Sara KristofferssonSara Kristoffersson's compelling study provides the first sustained critical history of IKEA. Kristoffersson argues that the company's commercial success has been founded on a neat alignment of the brand with a particular image of Swedish national identity – one that is bound up with ideas of social democracy and egalitarianism - and its material expression in a pared-down, functional design aesthetic. Employing slogans such as “Design for everyone” and “Democratic design”, IKEA signals a rejection of the stuffy, the 'chintzy', and the traditional in both design practices and social structures.Drawing on original research in the IKEA company archive and interviews with IKEA personnel, Design by IKEA traces IKEA's symbolic connection to Sweden, through its design output and its promotional materials, to examine how the company both promoted and profited from the concept of Scandinavian Design.
Design Capital: The Hidden Value of Design in Infrastructure
by Sherry McKay AnnaLisa MeyboomWell-designed infrastructure brings social value that far exceeds its initial construction expenditure, but competition for scarce government funds and a general public perception of infrastructure as mere efficiency, has often left design ill-considered. This book provides designers with the tools needed to argue for the value of design: the ‘design capital’ as the authors term it. In naming and defining design capital, design can once again become part of the discussion and realization of every infrastructure project.Design Capital offers strategies and tools for justifying public spending on design considerations in infrastructure projects. Design has the ability to make infrastructure resonate with cultural or social value, as seen in the case studies, which bestows infrastructure with the potential to accrue design capital. Support for this proposition is drawn from various methodologies of economic valuation and Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital, explanation of design methodology and education and a series of historical and contemporary case studies. The book also addresses some of the more controversial outcomes associated with contemporary infrastructure: gentrification, globalization and consumer tourism.With this book, designers can make a stronger case for the value of design in public infrastructure.
Design Capital: The Hidden Value of Design in Infrastructure
by Sherry McKay AnnaLisa MeyboomWell-designed infrastructure brings social value that far exceeds its initial construction expenditure, but competition for scarce government funds and a general public perception of infrastructure as mere efficiency, has often left design ill-considered. This book provides designers with the tools needed to argue for the value of design: the ‘design capital’ as the authors term it. In naming and defining design capital, design can once again become part of the discussion and realization of every infrastructure project.Design Capital offers strategies and tools for justifying public spending on design considerations in infrastructure projects. Design has the ability to make infrastructure resonate with cultural or social value, as seen in the case studies, which bestows infrastructure with the potential to accrue design capital. Support for this proposition is drawn from various methodologies of economic valuation and Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital, explanation of design methodology and education and a series of historical and contemporary case studies. The book also addresses some of the more controversial outcomes associated with contemporary infrastructure: gentrification, globalization and consumer tourism.With this book, designers can make a stronger case for the value of design in public infrastructure.
The Design Charrette: Ways to Envision Sustainable Futures
by Rob RoggemaThis book was written to support community involvement in the design process, to help prevent negative outcomes that can result from a top-down design approach. The combination of community involvement and design is, at least in literature, not very extensive. Although much has been written about stakeholder involvement, this is often not directly related to design processes, which – most importantly – deprives community members of the opportunity to design their desired future themselves. The Design Charrette: Ways to Envision Sustainable Futures provides a theoretical foundation establishing the benefits of organizing a design charrette for community-based planning, supported by many practical examples. The book includes sections on collaborative learning, practical guidance, theory and case studies in many different contexts: long and short charrettes, urban and rural subjects, and Dutch, Chinese, Australian, Indian and European examples. Part I: General Theory offers a detailed overview of the charrette process, a chapter on innovations in organizational and community learning and a chapter on shifting paradigms in the design charrette. Part II presents a number of case studies, including the INternational Conference on Renewable Energy Approaches for the Spatial Environment (INCREASE); charrettes accomplished in two days in the communities of Sea Lake and Bendigo in Australia; a chapter on lessons for the future, describing rural participatory design in Rajasthan, India; a description of learning by practice in a high-pressure student atelier; a chapter entitled Design Charrettes for Sustainable Building in China and more. The Design Charrette challenges the conventional wisdom that good design by itself will bring about the benefits the designer envisions. By demonstrating and analyzing the effectiveness of design charrettes in personal development and learning, and as a way to share desired future pathways, the book benefits everyone who may be leading, considering or participating in a design charrette.
Design Details for Health: Making the Most of Design's Healing Potential (Wiley Series in Healthcare and Senior Living Design #9)
by Cynthia A. Leibrock Debra D. Harris PhD.Praise for Design Details for Health "Cynthia Leibrock and Debra Harris have developed a vitally important reference. They draw upon and compile a rich source of evidence that supports the application of specific research-based details for particular health-related settings."—From the Foreword by Dr. Wayne Ruga, AIA, FIIDA, Hon. FASID The revised edition on implementing design details to improve today's health care facilities—an inspiring, comprehensive guide In this significantly revised second edition, Cynthia Leibrock and Debra Harris offer up-to-date information on design details that can improve patient outcomes and user experience by returning authority to the patient, along with fascinating case studies and research demonstrating the positive role design can play in reducing health care costs. Design Details for Health, Second Edition offers contemporary examples showing how design can improve patient comfort and independence, and demonstrates how to design highly functional health care facilities that operate at peak performance. The book addresses a range of health care facility types including hospitals, ambulatory care, wellness centers, subacute care and rehabilitation, adult day care and respite, assisted living, hospice, dementia care, and aging in place. This Second Edition includes: The latest research, which was only anecdotal in nature as recently as a decade ago, illustrating how design through evidence produces measurable outcomes Real-world case studies of a range of excellent health care facilities that have been designed and built in the twenty-first century Updated contributions with leading practitioners, researchers, and providers conveying how design has a positive impact on health care delivery When design empowers rather than disables, everybody wins. Sensitive to the needs of both patients and providers, Design Details for Health, Second Edition is essential reading for today's architects, interior designers, facility managers, and health care professionals.
Design Details for Health: Making the Most of Design's Healing Potential (Wiley Series in Healthcare and Senior Living Design #9)
by Cynthia A. Leibrock Debra D. Harris PhD.Praise for Design Details for Health "Cynthia Leibrock and Debra Harris have developed a vitally important reference. They draw upon and compile a rich source of evidence that supports the application of specific research-based details for particular health-related settings."—From the Foreword by Dr. Wayne Ruga, AIA, FIIDA, Hon. FASID The revised edition on implementing design details to improve today's health care facilities—an inspiring, comprehensive guide In this significantly revised second edition, Cynthia Leibrock and Debra Harris offer up-to-date information on design details that can improve patient outcomes and user experience by returning authority to the patient, along with fascinating case studies and research demonstrating the positive role design can play in reducing health care costs. Design Details for Health, Second Edition offers contemporary examples showing how design can improve patient comfort and independence, and demonstrates how to design highly functional health care facilities that operate at peak performance. The book addresses a range of health care facility types including hospitals, ambulatory care, wellness centers, subacute care and rehabilitation, adult day care and respite, assisted living, hospice, dementia care, and aging in place. This Second Edition includes: The latest research, which was only anecdotal in nature as recently as a decade ago, illustrating how design through evidence produces measurable outcomes Real-world case studies of a range of excellent health care facilities that have been designed and built in the twenty-first century Updated contributions with leading practitioners, researchers, and providers conveying how design has a positive impact on health care delivery When design empowers rather than disables, everybody wins. Sensitive to the needs of both patients and providers, Design Details for Health, Second Edition is essential reading for today's architects, interior designers, facility managers, and health care professionals.
Design First: Design-based Planning For Communities
by David Walters Linda BrownWell-grounded in the history and theory of Anglo-American urbanism, this illustrated textbook sets out objectives, policies and design principles for planning new communities and redeveloping existing urban neighborhoods. Drawing from their extensive experience, the authors explain how better plans (and consequently better places) can be created by applying the three-dimensional principles of urban design and physical place-making to planning problems.Design First uses case studies from the authors’ own professional projects to demonstrate how theory can be turned into effective practice, using concepts of traditional urban form to resolve contemporary planning and design issues in American communities.The book is aimed at architects, planners, developers, planning commissioners, elected officials and citizens -- and, importantly, students of architecture and planning -- with the objective of reintegrating three-dimensional design firmly back into planning practice.
Design First
by David Walters Linda BrownWell-grounded in the history and theory of Anglo-American urbanism, this illustrated textbook sets out objectives, policies and design principles for planning new communities and redeveloping existing urban neighborhoods. Drawing from their extensive experience, the authors explain how better plans (and consequently better places) can be created by applying the three-dimensional principles of urban design and physical place-making to planning problems.Design First uses case studies from the authors’ own professional projects to demonstrate how theory can be turned into effective practice, using concepts of traditional urban form to resolve contemporary planning and design issues in American communities.The book is aimed at architects, planners, developers, planning commissioners, elected officials and citizens -- and, importantly, students of architecture and planning -- with the objective of reintegrating three-dimensional design firmly back into planning practice.
Design for Aging: International Case Studies of Building and Program (Wiley Series in Healthcare and Senior Living Design #10)
by Jeffrey W. Anderzhon David Hughes Stephen Judd Emi Kiyota Monique WijntiesArchitecture/Interior Design An in-depth look at the most innovative aged care facilities today With the world's population aging at a rapid pace, there is a growing need for new ways to provide residential care for older people. Design for Aging explores some of the most successful examples of elderly housing today, focusing on integrating architectural considerations within an unwavering people-driven approach. Written by an international team of experts in aged care design, the book brings together twenty-six case studies from around the world, including Australia, Denmark, England, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States. The authors describe how each scheme has succeeded in addressing the needs of its residents regardless of wide variations in design, geography, cultural factors, medical needs, capital cost, and other factors. Clear, well-documented information for each facility includes: Building descriptions and project data, and how the overall design fits within a geographical location The type of community, including number of residents, ethnicity, and specific conditions such as dementia How to apply universal design principles in different political, social, and regulatory contexts How to create a sense of belonging and well-being for residents while building strong connections with the community at large What makes a facility able to attract and retain high-quality caregivers Environmental sustainability issues, plus indoor and outdoor spaces Architects and interior designers as well as facility owners and caregivers will find Design for Aging an inspiring and practical guide on how to navigate the many factors involved in creating good designs for aged care environments.
Design for Aging: International Case Studies of Building and Program (Wiley Series in Healthcare and Senior Living Design #10)
by Jeffrey W. Anderzhon David Hughes Stephen Judd Emi Kiyota Monique WijntiesArchitecture/Interior Design An in-depth look at the most innovative aged care facilities today With the world's population aging at a rapid pace, there is a growing need for new ways to provide residential care for older people. Design for Aging explores some of the most successful examples of elderly housing today, focusing on integrating architectural considerations within an unwavering people-driven approach. Written by an international team of experts in aged care design, the book brings together twenty-six case studies from around the world, including Australia, Denmark, England, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States. The authors describe how each scheme has succeeded in addressing the needs of its residents regardless of wide variations in design, geography, cultural factors, medical needs, capital cost, and other factors. Clear, well-documented information for each facility includes: Building descriptions and project data, and how the overall design fits within a geographical location The type of community, including number of residents, ethnicity, and specific conditions such as dementia How to apply universal design principles in different political, social, and regulatory contexts How to create a sense of belonging and well-being for residents while building strong connections with the community at large What makes a facility able to attract and retain high-quality caregivers Environmental sustainability issues, plus indoor and outdoor spaces Architects and interior designers as well as facility owners and caregivers will find Design for Aging an inspiring and practical guide on how to navigate the many factors involved in creating good designs for aged care environments.
Design for Dementia: Living Well at Home
by Bill Halsall Michael Riley Eef HogervorstDesign for Dementia is written by an interdisciplinary team of professionals and academics whose aim is to present lessons learnt from the Dementia Demonstration House at the Building Research Establishment’s Innovation Park. Known as Chris and Sally’s House, the project represents a unique opportunity to show in practice what can be done to assist people living with dementia to continue to live at home and as part of the community with as much independence as possible. This book presents evidence based practical design guidance backed up by over 15 combined years of research by experienced professional designers.Beginning with an introduction which provides the background to the global dementia epidemic to allow readers to gain a better understanding of the issues they must consider, the book then discusses how good design principles, planning and construction standards can be used to effectively respond to the dementia crisis. The detailed findings from research using Chris and Sally’s House are presented and discussed, along with practical examples and success stories ranging from simple design features to the more complex use of sensors and automated ventilation.The hope is that readers can apply the lessons learnt from Chris and Sally’s House to successfully integrate solutions into the design of new or refurbished housing for the elderly and also that the tools and insights shared will inform the wider context of good housing design, as well as the spectrum of constraints and design standards which often apply. This book is important reading for architects, designers, engineers and project managers, but also anyone with an interest in learning about practical solutions to aid those with dementia to live well at home.
Design for Dementia: Living Well at Home
by Bill Halsall Michael Riley Eef HogervorstDesign for Dementia is written by an interdisciplinary team of professionals and academics whose aim is to present lessons learnt from the Dementia Demonstration House at the Building Research Establishment’s Innovation Park. Known as Chris and Sally’s House, the project represents a unique opportunity to show in practice what can be done to assist people living with dementia to continue to live at home and as part of the community with as much independence as possible. This book presents evidence based practical design guidance backed up by over 15 combined years of research by experienced professional designers.Beginning with an introduction which provides the background to the global dementia epidemic to allow readers to gain a better understanding of the issues they must consider, the book then discusses how good design principles, planning and construction standards can be used to effectively respond to the dementia crisis. The detailed findings from research using Chris and Sally’s House are presented and discussed, along with practical examples and success stories ranging from simple design features to the more complex use of sensors and automated ventilation.The hope is that readers can apply the lessons learnt from Chris and Sally’s House to successfully integrate solutions into the design of new or refurbished housing for the elderly and also that the tools and insights shared will inform the wider context of good housing design, as well as the spectrum of constraints and design standards which often apply. This book is important reading for architects, designers, engineers and project managers, but also anyone with an interest in learning about practical solutions to aid those with dementia to live well at home.
Design for Life: Creating Meaning in a Distracted World
by Stuart WalkerStuart Walker’s design work has been described as life-changing, inspiring, disturbing and ferocious. Drawing on an extraordinarily diverse range of sources and informed by creative practice, Design for Life penetrates to the heart of modern culture and the malaise that underlies today’s moral and environmental crises. The author argues that this malaise is deep-seated and fundamental to the modern outlook. He shows how our preoccupation with technological progress, growth and the future has produced a constricted view of life – one that is both destructive and self-reinforcing. Based on over twenty-five years of scholarship and creative practice, he demonstrates the vital importance of solitude, contemplation, inner growth and the present moment in developing a different course – one that looks squarely at our current, precarious situation while offering a positive, hopeful way forward – a way that is compassionate, context-based, human scale, ethically motivated and critically creative. Design for Life is an intensely original contribution that will be essential reading for design practitioners and students. Written in a clear, accessible style, it will also appeal to a broader readership, especially anyone who is concerned with contemporary society’s rising inequalities and environmental failings and is looking for a more constructive, balanced and thoughtful direction.
Design for Life: Creating Meaning in a Distracted World
by Stuart WalkerStuart Walker’s design work has been described as life-changing, inspiring, disturbing and ferocious. Drawing on an extraordinarily diverse range of sources and informed by creative practice, Design for Life penetrates to the heart of modern culture and the malaise that underlies today’s moral and environmental crises. The author argues that this malaise is deep-seated and fundamental to the modern outlook. He shows how our preoccupation with technological progress, growth and the future has produced a constricted view of life – one that is both destructive and self-reinforcing. Based on over twenty-five years of scholarship and creative practice, he demonstrates the vital importance of solitude, contemplation, inner growth and the present moment in developing a different course – one that looks squarely at our current, precarious situation while offering a positive, hopeful way forward – a way that is compassionate, context-based, human scale, ethically motivated and critically creative. Design for Life is an intensely original contribution that will be essential reading for design practitioners and students. Written in a clear, accessible style, it will also appeal to a broader readership, especially anyone who is concerned with contemporary society’s rising inequalities and environmental failings and is looking for a more constructive, balanced and thoughtful direction.
Design for Mental and Behavioral Health
by Mardelle McCuskey Shepley Samira PashaStudies confirm that the physical environment influences health outcomes, emotional state, preference, satisfaction and orientation, but very little research has focused on mental and behavioural health settings. This book summarizes design principles and design research for individuals who are intending to design new mental and behavioural health facilities and those wishing to evaluate the quality of their existing facilities. The authors discuss mental and behavioural health systems, design guidelines, design research and existing standards, and provide examples of best practice. As behavioural and mental health populations vary in their needs, the primary focus is limited to environments that support acute care, outpatient and emergency care, residential care, veterans, pediatric patients, and the treatment of chemical dependency.
Design for Mental and Behavioral Health
by Mardelle McCuskey Shepley Samira PashaStudies confirm that the physical environment influences health outcomes, emotional state, preference, satisfaction and orientation, but very little research has focused on mental and behavioural health settings. This book summarizes design principles and design research for individuals who are intending to design new mental and behavioural health facilities and those wishing to evaluate the quality of their existing facilities. The authors discuss mental and behavioural health systems, design guidelines, design research and existing standards, and provide examples of best practice. As behavioural and mental health populations vary in their needs, the primary focus is limited to environments that support acute care, outpatient and emergency care, residential care, veterans, pediatric patients, and the treatment of chemical dependency.
Design for Micro-Utopias: Making the Unthinkable Possible (Design for Social Responsibility)
by John WoodEveryone is already painfully aware of our predicament - ecological extinctions, dwindling fossil fuel reserves and economic chaos. The solutions are less obvious, despite the many opportunities that surround us. We have never had more access to resources, knowledge and technology but this is not the problem. What we lack most is creative thinking, fuelled by collective optimism. In a pragmatic world run by careerist experts this is hardly surprising. As voters and consumers we are trained to choose and complain, but not how to envisage what we really, really want. How can we design a better world unless we revive the art of dreaming? For without dreams we are lost. Perhaps it should be the duty of all citizens to imagine alternative futures; in effect, to think more like designers. After all, designers have always been dreamers, and have often found ways to realize their dreams. Design for Micro-Utopias does not advocate a single, monolithic Utopia. Rather, it invites readers to embrace a more pluralized and mercurial version of Thomas More's famous 1516 novel of the same name. It therefore encourages the proliferation of many 'micro-utopias' rather than one 'Utopia'. This requires a less negative, critical and rational approach. Referencing a wide range of philosophical thinking from Aristotle to the present day, western and eastern spiritual ideals, and scientific, biological and systems theory, John Wood offers remedies for our excessively individualistic, mechanistic and disconnected thinking, and asks whether a metadesign approach might bring about a new mode of governance. This is a daring idea. Ultimately, he reminds us that if we believe that we will never be able to design miracles we make it more likely that this is so. The first step is to turn the 'impossible' into the 'thinkable'.
Design for Micro-Utopias: Making the Unthinkable Possible (Design for Social Responsibility)
by John WoodEveryone is already painfully aware of our predicament - ecological extinctions, dwindling fossil fuel reserves and economic chaos. The solutions are less obvious, despite the many opportunities that surround us. We have never had more access to resources, knowledge and technology but this is not the problem. What we lack most is creative thinking, fuelled by collective optimism. In a pragmatic world run by careerist experts this is hardly surprising. As voters and consumers we are trained to choose and complain, but not how to envisage what we really, really want. How can we design a better world unless we revive the art of dreaming? For without dreams we are lost. Perhaps it should be the duty of all citizens to imagine alternative futures; in effect, to think more like designers. After all, designers have always been dreamers, and have often found ways to realize their dreams. Design for Micro-Utopias does not advocate a single, monolithic Utopia. Rather, it invites readers to embrace a more pluralized and mercurial version of Thomas More's famous 1516 novel of the same name. It therefore encourages the proliferation of many 'micro-utopias' rather than one 'Utopia'. This requires a less negative, critical and rational approach. Referencing a wide range of philosophical thinking from Aristotle to the present day, western and eastern spiritual ideals, and scientific, biological and systems theory, John Wood offers remedies for our excessively individualistic, mechanistic and disconnected thinking, and asks whether a metadesign approach might bring about a new mode of governance. This is a daring idea. Ultimately, he reminds us that if we believe that we will never be able to design miracles we make it more likely that this is so. The first step is to turn the 'impossible' into the 'thinkable'.
Design for Outdoor Recreation
by Simon BellDesign for Outdoor Recreation takes a detailed look at all aspects of design of facilities needed by visitors to outdoor recreation destinations. The book is a comprehensive manual for planners, designers and managers of recreation taking them through the processes of design and enabling them to find the most appropriate balance between visitor needs and the capacity of the landscape. A range of different aspects are covered including car parking, information signing, hiking, waterside activities, wildlife watching and camping. This second edition incorporates new examples from overseas, including Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Eastern Europe as well as focusing on more current issues such as accessibility and the changing demands for recreational use.
Design for Outdoor Recreation
by Simon BellDesign for Outdoor Recreation takes a detailed look at all aspects of design of facilities needed by visitors to outdoor recreation destinations. The book is a comprehensive manual for planners, designers and managers of recreation taking them through the processes of design and enabling them to find the most appropriate balance between visitor needs and the capacity of the landscape. A range of different aspects are covered including car parking, information signing, hiking, waterside activities, wildlife watching and camping. This second edition incorporates new examples from overseas, including Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Eastern Europe as well as focusing on more current issues such as accessibility and the changing demands for recreational use.
Design for Sustainability: A Sourcebook of Integrated Ecological Solutions
by Janis BirkelandWith radical and innovative design solutions, everyone could be living in buildings and settlements that are more like gardens than cargo containers, and that purify air and water, generate energy, treat sewage and produce food - at lower cost. Birkeland introduces systems design thinking that cuts across academic and professional boundaries and the divide between social and physical sciences to move towards a transdiciplinary approach to environmental and social problem-solving. This sourcebook is useful for teaching, as each topic within the field of environmental management and social change has pairs of short readings providing diverse perspectives to compare, contrast and debate. Design for Sustainability presents examples of integrated systems design based on ecological principles and concepts and drawn from the foremost designers in the fields of industrial design, materials, housing design, urban planning and transport, landscape and permaculture, and energy and resource management.
Design for Sustainability: A Sourcebook of Integrated Ecological Solutions
by Janis BirkelandWith radical and innovative design solutions, everyone could be living in buildings and settlements that are more like gardens than cargo containers, and that purify air and water, generate energy, treat sewage and produce food - at lower cost. Birkeland introduces systems design thinking that cuts across academic and professional boundaries and the divide between social and physical sciences to move towards a transdiciplinary approach to environmental and social problem-solving. This sourcebook is useful for teaching, as each topic within the field of environmental management and social change has pairs of short readings providing diverse perspectives to compare, contrast and debate. Design for Sustainability presents examples of integrated systems design based on ecological principles and concepts and drawn from the foremost designers in the fields of industrial design, materials, housing design, urban planning and transport, landscape and permaculture, and energy and resource management.
Design For Sustainable Change (PDF)
by Anne Chick Paul MicklethwaiteDesign for Sustainable Change explores how design thinking and design-led entrepreneurship can address the issue of sustainability, examining how familiar design processes can be translated into methodologies for driving sustainable change in businesses, organisations and society more generally. It discusses the ways in which design thinking is evolving and being applied to a much wider spectrum of social and environmental issues, beyond its traditional professional territory. The result is designers themselves evolving, and developing greater design mindfulness in relation to what they do and how they do it. This book looks at design thinking as a methodology which, by its nature, considers issues of sustainability, but which does not necessarily seek to define itself in those terms. It explores the gradual extension of this methodology into the larger marketplace and the commercial and social implications of such an extension.
Design Governance: The CABE Experiment
by Matthew Carmona Claudio De Magalhaes Lucy NatarajanDesign Governance focuses on how we design the built environment where most of us live, work, and play and the role of government in that process. To do so, it draws on the experience of the Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE), a decade-long, globally unique experiment in the governance of design. This book theorises design governance as an arm and aspiration of the state; tells the story of CABE, warts and all, and what came before and after; unpacks CABE’s ‘informal’ toolbox: its methods and processes of design governance; and reflects on the effectiveness and legitimacy of design as a tool of modern-day government. The result is a new set of concepts through which to understand the governance of design as a distinct and important sub-field of urban design.
Design Governance: The CABE Experiment
by Matthew Carmona Claudio De Magalhaes Lucy NatarajanDesign Governance focuses on how we design the built environment where most of us live, work, and play and the role of government in that process. To do so, it draws on the experience of the Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE), a decade-long, globally unique experiment in the governance of design. This book theorises design governance as an arm and aspiration of the state; tells the story of CABE, warts and all, and what came before and after; unpacks CABE’s ‘informal’ toolbox: its methods and processes of design governance; and reflects on the effectiveness and legitimacy of design as a tool of modern-day government. The result is a new set of concepts through which to understand the governance of design as a distinct and important sub-field of urban design.