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Learning to Write: First Language/Second Language

First published in 1983. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Learning to Write

First published in 1982, this influential and classic text poses two questions: what is it that a child learns when he or she learns to write? What can we learn about children, society and ourselves, by looking at this process? The book is based on a close analysis of a series of written texts by primary school children and is written for student teachers with little or no knowledge of linguistics. In this new edition, Gunther Kress has made extensive revisions in the light of recent developments in linguistics and in education. The theoretical focus is now a social semiotic one, which allows a fundamental rethinking of issues such as 'preliteracy' and broad social and cultural questions around the making of texts.

Learning to Write

First published in 1982, this influential and classic text poses two questions: what is it that a child learns when he or she learns to write? What can we learn about children, society and ourselves, by looking at this process? The book is based on a close analysis of a series of written texts by primary school children and is written for student teachers with little or no knowledge of linguistics. In this new edition, Gunther Kress has made extensive revisions in the light of recent developments in linguistics and in education. The theoretical focus is now a social semiotic one, which allows a fundamental rethinking of issues such as 'preliteracy' and broad social and cultural questions around the making of texts.

The Learning-to-write Process in Elementary Classrooms

This text models for teachers how to help children learn and write by establishing comfort with writing, building confidence, and developing competence. Several themes run through the learning-to-write-process presented in this text:* Writing is communication;* Writing is a powerful tool for learning;* How children feel about their writing and themselves as writers affects how they learn to write;* Teachers are coworkers with students; children from many backgrounds can learn to write together. The text sythesizes what we know about how children learn, how we write, and what we write into a process of teaching children to write. It is intended to serve as a starting place for developing theories of how to best teach writing.

The Learning-to-write Process in Elementary Classrooms

This text models for teachers how to help children learn and write by establishing comfort with writing, building confidence, and developing competence. Several themes run through the learning-to-write-process presented in this text:* Writing is communication;* Writing is a powerful tool for learning;* How children feel about their writing and themselves as writers affects how they learn to write;* Teachers are coworkers with students; children from many backgrounds can learn to write together. The text sythesizes what we know about how children learn, how we write, and what we write into a process of teaching children to write. It is intended to serve as a starting place for developing theories of how to best teach writing.

Learning Vocabulary In Another Language (PDF)

An updated edition of the key reference work in the area of second and foreign language vocabulary studies. This book provides a detailed survey of research and theory on the teaching and learning of vocabulary with the aim of providing pedagogical suggestions for both teachers and learners. It contains descriptions of numerous vocabulary learning strategies which are justified and supported by reference to experimental research, case studies, and teaching experience. It also describes what vocabulary learners need to know to be effective language users. This title shows that by taking a systematic approach to vocabulary learning, teachers can make the best use of class time and help learners get the best return for their learning effort.

Learning Vocabulary Strategically in a Study Abroad Context

This book focuses on case studies of vocabulary strategy use and presents an in-depth account of the vocabulary learning experiences of Chinese students in the UK. It challenges the view that vocabulary strategies result only from learners’ cognitive choices, and provides insightful analysis of the interplay between learner characteristics, agency and context in the process of strategic learning. The author makes a strong case for using qualitative methodologies to examine the dynamic, complex and contextually situated nature of strategic vocabulary learning. Drawing on multiple data sources, the book discusses issues that are central to the continuing development of vocabulary strategy research and offers theoretical, research-based and practical suggestions for future exploration. This book will appeal to students and scholars of second language acquisition, vocabulary and applied linguistics.

Learning Vocabulary Strategically in a Study Abroad Context

This book focuses on case studies of vocabulary strategy use and presents an in-depth account of the vocabulary learning experiences of Chinese students in the UK. It challenges the view that vocabulary strategies result only from learners’ cognitive choices, and provides insightful analysis of the interplay between learner characteristics, agency and context in the process of strategic learning. The author makes a strong case for using qualitative methodologies to examine the dynamic, complex and contextually situated nature of strategic vocabulary learning. Drawing on multiple data sources, the book discusses issues that are central to the continuing development of vocabulary strategy research and offers theoretical, research-based and practical suggestions for future exploration. This book will appeal to students and scholars of second language acquisition, vocabulary and applied linguistics.

Learning Words from Reading: A Cognitive Model of Word-Meaning Inference

An increasingly popular approach to second and foreign language education, this book focuses on incidental learning: how students learn words from reading. Despite its popularity, some researchers have questioned this theory that students can learn new words by inferring meanings based on a text they are reading. So, why does the incidental method not work for some students? What are the conditions for naturalistic learning to occur? What do students need to be able to do while reading in order to learn words successfully?Tackling these questions head-on, this book provides researchers and educators with a more specific account of the processes behind the seemingly naturalistic method. Clarifying the connection between reading and word learning processes, Megumi Hamada proposes a new model, the Cognitive Model of Word-Meaning Inference, to describe how we obtain and use word-form and contextual information for learning words and the pedagogical applications of this. A significant new contribution to research in the field, Learning Words from Reading provides a cognitive perspective on how students learn new words from reading in a second or foreign language.

Learning Words from Reading: A Cognitive Model of Word-Meaning Inference

An increasingly popular approach to second and foreign language education, this book focuses on incidental learning: how students learn words from reading. Despite its popularity, some researchers have questioned this theory that students can learn new words by inferring meanings based on a text they are reading. So, why does the incidental method not work for some students? What are the conditions for naturalistic learning to occur? What do students need to be able to do while reading in order to learn words successfully?Tackling these questions head-on, this book provides researchers and educators with a more specific account of the processes behind the seemingly naturalistic method. Clarifying the connection between reading and word learning processes, Megumi Hamada proposes a new model, the Cognitive Model of Word-Meaning Inference, to describe how we obtain and use word-form and contextual information for learning words and the pedagogical applications of this. A significant new contribution to research in the field, Learning Words from Reading provides a cognitive perspective on how students learn new words from reading in a second or foreign language.

Learning Zulu: A Secret History of Language in South Africa

"Why are you learning Zulu?" When Mark Sanders began studying the language, he was often asked this question. In Learning Zulu, Sanders places his own endeavors within a wider context to uncover how, in the past 150 years of South African history, Zulu became a battleground for issues of property, possession, and deprivation. Sanders combines elements of analysis and memoir to explore a complex cultural history.Perceiving that colonial learners of Zulu saw themselves as repairing harm done to Africans by Europeans, Sanders reveals deeper motives at work in the development of Zulu-language learning—from the emergence of the pidgin Fanagalo among missionaries and traders in the nineteenth century to widespread efforts, in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, to teach a correct form of Zulu. Sanders looks at the white appropriation of Zulu language, music, and dance in South African culture, and at the association of Zulu with a martial masculinity. In exploring how Zulu has come to represent what is most properly and powerfully African, Sanders examines differences in English- and Zulu-language press coverage of an important trial, as well as the role of linguistic purism in xenophobic violence in South Africa.Through one person's efforts to learn the Zulu language, Learning Zulu explores how a language's history and politics influence all individuals in a multilingual society.

Learning Zulu: A Secret History of Language in South Africa

"Why are you learning Zulu?" When Mark Sanders began studying the language, he was often asked this question. In Learning Zulu, Sanders places his own endeavors within a wider context to uncover how, in the past 150 years of South African history, Zulu became a battleground for issues of property, possession, and deprivation. Sanders combines elements of analysis and memoir to explore a complex cultural history.Perceiving that colonial learners of Zulu saw themselves as repairing harm done to Africans by Europeans, Sanders reveals deeper motives at work in the development of Zulu-language learning—from the emergence of the pidgin Fanagalo among missionaries and traders in the nineteenth century to widespread efforts, in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, to teach a correct form of Zulu. Sanders looks at the white appropriation of Zulu language, music, and dance in South African culture, and at the association of Zulu with a martial masculinity. In exploring how Zulu has come to represent what is most properly and powerfully African, Sanders examines differences in English- and Zulu-language press coverage of an important trial, as well as the role of linguistic purism in xenophobic violence in South Africa.Through one person's efforts to learn the Zulu language, Learning Zulu explores how a language's history and politics influence all individuals in a multilingual society.

Leaves

We are where we come from?' That's not true. That's not true because if that's true there's no hope for any of us.Lori is coming home from her first term at university. It's only been a few weeks and already things have gone badly wrong. But none of the rest of the family knows, or understands, what really happened.In this fiercely observed family drama, three teenage girls struggle to define who they are, and why, and where they might be going.Leaves won the George Devine Award 2006, the premier award for new writing by an emerging playwright in the UK and Ireland. The play opened at the Druid Theatre, Galway in March 2007 before transferring to the Royal Court Theatre, London.

Leaving a Trace: On Keeping a Journal

An inspirational, practical and literate guide to starting and keeping a journal - and transforming it into something permanent like a memoir or a novel. Leaving A Trace is a practical guide to keeping a journal successfully and transforming it into future projects. Each chapter features both narrative and tailored exercises for beginning and committed diarists. Beginners will turn first to quick ways to overcome inhibitions, get started and stay on course. Seasoned chroniclers will start diaries with a new slant: they will learn how to trigger inspiration with creative brainstorming exercises; how to note patterns in diaries they already have and how to shape their material.

Leaving Las Vegas: Stormy Monday, Liebestraum, Leaving Las Vegas (Collected Screenplays Ser.)

Ben Sanderson is an alcoholic who has hit rock bottom. Cutting all personal and professional ties to his L.A. existence, he sets off for the lights of Vegas on a mission: to drink himself to death. There he meets Sera, a beautiful, seen-it-all hooker. From the moment Ben and Sera connect, they form a unique bond based upon unconditional acceptance and mutual respect that will change each of them forever. In the words of David Thompson of Los Angeles Magazine, Leaving Las Vegas is a masterpiece. Best Actor Oscar (R) winner Nicolas Cage and Best Actress nominee Elisabeth Shue set the screen ablaze in this profoundly moving love story. Nominated for two additional Academy Awards (R), Director and Adapted Screenplay, this emotionally charged powerhouse of a film graced over 100 '10 Best' lists including Roger Ebert's #1 Movie of the Year.

Leaving Las Vegas

A re-issue of John O'Brien's debut novel, a masterpiece of modern realism about the perils of addiction and love in a city of loneliness.Leaving Las Vegas, the first novel by John O'Brien, is the disturbing and emotionally wrenching story of a woman who embraces life and a man who rejects it. Sera is a prostitute, content with the independence and routine she has carved out for herself in a city defined by recklessness. But she is haunted by a spectre in a yellow Mercedes, a man from her past who is committed to taking control of her life again. Ben is an alcoholic intent on drinking his way towards an early death. Newly arrived from Los Angeles, he survived the four-hour intoxicated drive across the desert with his entire savings in his wallet and nothing else left to lose. Looking to satisfy hungers both material and existential, Ben and Sera stumble together on the strip and discover in each other a respite from their unforgiving lives. A testimony to the raw talent of its young author, Leaving Las Vegas is a compelling story of unconditional love between two disenfranchised and lost souls - an overlooked American classic.

The Lebanese Media: Anatomy of a System in Perpetual Crisis

This book presents an analysis of the current Lebanese media system. From a theoretical angle, it discusses the extent to which this system can be analyzed using the ideal types put forth by Hallin and Mancini in their seminal work Comparing Media Systems. Sarah El-Richani assesses the complex dimensions developed by the two scholars and utilizes their work as inspiration for a process of remodeling, amending the sub-indicators to identify salient factors and suggesting a new model. Featuring the views of over 60 stakeholders, this book gives a rare, critical, and concise account of the Lebanese media system.

The Lebanese-Phoenician Nationalist Movement: Literature, Language and Identity

The question of belonging has formed the basis of the political, religious and cultural tensions in Lebanon, to the point that sectarian conflict on the country's future contributed significantly to the outbreak of civil war in 1975. This book focuses on the development of the Phoenician-Lebanese movement that struggled against the hegemonic status of Arabic language and culture. The Phoenician-Lebanese were a predominantly Maronite Christian group who attempted to remove themselves from the Muslim and Arab world throughout the twentieth century. Their demands for self-definition as a nation and their desire to establish their own culture were rooted in the concept of their ancient Phoenician past. Basilius Bawardi examines four prominent authors who formed the basis on which all engaged so-called Phoenician literature was built: Sharl Qurm, Sa'id 'Aql, Mayy Murr and Muris 'Awwad. The literary corpus of these writers was a critical component of the political activity that strove to distinguish the native Lebanese inhabitants from their Arab-Muslim neighbours.Studying these authors' works in both a literary and historical way, Bawardi shows how language was used to promote a specific political agenda and identifies the strong connections between language, literature and nation building.As well as revealing the nationalist struggle as it emerges in prose and poetry, the book discusses the history and formation of modern day Lebanon and why language and literature are so crucial for members of a national minority.

The Lebanese Post-Civil War Novel: Memory, Trauma, and Capital (Palgrave Studies in Cultural Heritage and Conflict)

After the Lebanese Civil War, many Lebanese novelists committed themselves to building a "memory for the future." What resulted was a vital contribution to the legacy of contemporary Arabic literature. Through interviews, literary analysis, and the lens of trauma studies, Lang sheds light on what it means to remember through post-war literature.

Leben in der Kriese: Zeitromane der Neuen Sachlichkeit und die intellektuelle Mentalität der klassischen Moderne. Metzler Studienausgabe

Die Zeitromane der Neuen Sachlickeit spiegeln besonders deutlich die Probleme der Intellektuellen, die Widersprüche der modernen Massenzivilisation zu verarbeiten und selbst ihren Ort darin zu finden. Martin Lindner weist nach, daß sich Form und Inhalt der neusachlichen Literatur erst vor dem Hintergrund einer Lebensideologie" genannten, epochalen Denkstruktur erschließen, die zwischen 1890 und den 50er Jahren die intellektuelle Mentalität entscheidend prägte.

Leben ohne Fernsehen: Eine qualitative Nichtfernseherstudie (DUV Sozialwissenschaft #3)

Der Autor entwickelt eine datengestützte Typologie, die einen differenzierten Blick auf die Nichtfernseher erlaubt und Rückschlüsse auf die gesellschaftliche Verteilung der unterschiedlichen Nichtfernseher zuläßt.

Leben ohne Fernsehen: Eine qualitative Nichtfernseherstudie (DUV Sozialwissenschaft #2)

Der Autor entwickelt eine datengestützte Typologie, die einen differenzierten Blick auf die Nichtfernseher erlaubt und Rückschlüsse auf die gesellschaftliche Verteilung der unterschiedlichen Nichtfernseher zuläßt.

Leben ohne Fernsehen: Eine qualitative Nichtfernseherstudie (DUV Sozialwissenschaft #1)

Der Autor entwickelt eine datengestützte Typologie, die einen differenzierten Blick auf die Nichtfernseher erlaubt und Rückschlüsse auf die gesellschaftliche Verteilung der unterschiedlichen Nichtfernseher zuläßt.

Leben schreiben: Die Klassik, die Romantik und der Ort der Frauen

Leben weben: (Auto-)Biographische Praktiken russischer Autorinnen und Autoren im Internet (Lettre)

Das Internet als das Medium der Selbstdarstellung schlechthin wird auch von russischen Autorinnen und Autoren gerne genutzt. Sie übernehmen Bilder der Schriftstellerin bzw. des Schriftstellers aus der russischen Literaturtradition, passen sie auf die kommunikativen Gegebenheiten des Web an und erschaffen sie in medialen Experimenten neu. Doch wie lassen sich die unter der Oberfläche des Web 2.0 operierenden kreativen Mechanismen identifizieren und im Kontext der Literaturtheorie verorten? Gernot Howanitz verschränkt in seinem Buch qualitative und quantitative Verfahren im Sinne der Digital Humanities, um den (auto-)biographischen Praktiken im russischsprachigen Internet (Runet) nachzuspüren. Die dem Buch zugrundeliegende Dissertation wurde ausgezeichnet mit dem Gustav-Figdor-Preis für Literaturwissenschaften, verliehen durch die Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (2018), dem Dissertationspreis der Universität Passau (2018) sowie dem DARIAH-DE Digital Humanities Award (2018).