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A Student’s Introduction to English Grammar
by Rodney Huddleston Geoffrey K. Pullum Brett ReynoldsA new edition of a successful undergraduate textbook on contemporary international Standard English grammar, based on Huddleston and Pullum's earlier award-winning work, The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language (2002). The analyses defended there are outlined here more briefly, in an engagingly accessible and informal style. Errors of the older tradition of English grammar are noted and corrected, and the excesses of prescriptive usage manuals are firmly rebutted in specially highlighted notes that explain what older authorities have called 'incorrect' and show why those authorities are mistaken. Intended for students in colleges or universities who have little or no background in grammar or linguistics, this teaching resource contains numerous exercises and online resources suitable for any course on the structure of English in either linguistics or English departments. A thoroughly modern undergraduate textbook, rewritten in an easy-to-read conversational style with a minimum of technical and theoretical terminology.
A Student's Writing Guide: How To Plan And Write Successful Essays (pdf)
by Gordon TaylorAre you struggling to meet your coursework deadlines? Finding it hard to get to grips with your essay topics? Does your writing sometimes lack structure and style? Would you like to improve your grades? This text covers everything a student needs to know about writing essays and papers in the humanities and social sciences. Starting from the common difficulties students face, it gives practical examples of all the stages necessary to produce a good piece of academic work: • interpreting assignment topics • drawing on your own experience and background • reading analytically and taking efficient notes • developing your argument through introductions, middles and conclusions • evaluating and using online resources • understanding the conventions of academic culture • honing your ideas into clear, vigorous English. This book will provide you with all the tools and insights you need to write confident, convincing essays and coursework papers.
Studien zum literarischen Patronat im England des 12. Jahrhunderts (Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen #23)
by Walter F. Schirmer
Studienbuch Schulleistungsstudien: Das Rasch-Modell in der Praxis (Mathematik im Fokus)
by Christine SälzerDieses Buch gewährt einen kompakten, aber verständlichen Überblick über die Methodik und Auswertung von verschiedenen Schulleistungsstudien und enthält eine erweiterte Diskussion des Kompetenzbegriffs.In Deutschland werden seit mehreren Jahren regelmäßig nationale und internationale Schulleistungsstudien durchgeführt, unter anderem die PISA-Studie. Viele dieser Studien verwenden das Rasch-Modell zur Erklärung der gewonnenen Ergebnisse. Was ist aber das Rasch-Modell und warum kann mit ihm die Messung von Schülerkompetenzen anhand von bestimmten Tests erfolgen? Nach einer grundlegenden und voraussetzungsfreien Vorstellung des Rasch-Models geht das Buch dieser Frage nach und erläutert in Verbindung mit den aktuellen Studien in Deutschlands Schulen die Grundprinzipien wie auch Grenzen des Rasch-Models.
Studies from a Retranslation Culture: The Turkish Context (New Frontiers in Translation Studies)
by Özlem Berk Albachten Şehnaz Tahir GürçağlarThis book highlights the unique history and cultural context of retranslation in Turkey, offering readers a survey of the diverse range of fields, disciplines, and genres in which retranslation has assumed a central position. Further, it addresses largely unexplored issues such as retranslation in Ottoman literature, paratextual positioning and marketing of retranslations, legal retranslation, and retranslation in music. As such, it makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on retranslation by placing special emphasis on non-literary translation, making the role of retranslation particularly visible in connection with politics and philosophy in Turkey.
Studies in Chinese Language: Volume 8 (Collected Works of M.A.K. Halliday)
by M.A.K. Halliday Jonathan J. WebsterStudies in Chinese Language, the eighth volume in the Collected Works of Professor M. A. K. Halliday, approaches the Chinese language from several interesting vantage points, ranging from studies of medieval to modern grammar, phonology, and discourse. Professor Halliday's doctoral thesis, 'The Language of the Chinese, Secret History of the Mongols, provides the basis for the first section of this volume, with extracts from the book as well as the original Chinese text, which is one of the earliest known texts written in Mandarin, included in full on the accompanying online resources. The second section focuses on modern Chinese grammar, while the third looks at Chinese phonology. The final section, Grammar and Discourse', includes papers on grammatical metaphor and scientific discourse in both Chinese and English.
Studies in Classic American Literature
by D. H. LawrenceLawrence asserted that 'the proper function of a critic is to save the tale from the artist who created it'. In these highly individual, penetrating essays he has exposed 'the American whole soul' within some of that continent's major works of literature. In seeking to establish the status of writings by such authors as Poe, Melville, Fenimore Cooper and Whitman, Lawrence himself has created a classic work. Studies in Classic American Literature is valuable not only for the light it sheds on eighteenth- and nineteenth-century American consciousness, telling 'the truth of the day', but also as a prime example of Lawrence's learning, passion and integrity of judgement.
Studies in Comparative Germanic Syntax (Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory #31)
by H. Haider S. Olsen S. Viknero. COMPARATIVE GERMANIC SYNTAX This volume contains 13 papers that were prepared for the Seventh Workshop on Comparative Germanie Syntax at the University of Stuttgart in November 1991. In defining the theme both of the workshop and of this volume, we have taken "comparative" in "comparative Germanic syntax" to mean that at least two languages should be analyzed and "Germanic" to mean that at least one of these languages should be Germanic. There was no require ment as such that the research presented should be situated within the framework known as Principles and Parameters Theory (previously known as Government and Binding Theory), though it probably is no accident that this nevertheless turned out to be the case. Within this theory, it is seen as highly desirable to be able to account for several differences on the surface by deriving them from fewer under lying differences. The reason is that, in order to explain the ease with which children acquire language, it is assumed that not all knowledge of any given language is the result of learning, but that instead children already possess part of this knowledge at birth (the innate part of linguistic knowledge will obviously be the same for all human beings, and thus this theory also provides an explanation of language universals). The fewer "real" (i.e.
Studies in Corpus-Based Sociolinguistics
by Eric FriginalStudies in Corpus-Based Sociolinguistics illustrates how sociolinguistic approaches and linguistic distributions from corpora can be effectively combined to produce meaningful studies of language use and language variation. Three major parts comprise the volume focusing on: (1) Corpora and the Study of Languages and Dialects, in particular, varieties of global Englishes; (2) Corpora and Social Demographics; and (3) Corpora and Register Characteristics. The 14 peer-reviewed, new, and original chapters explore language variation related to regional dialectology, gender, sexuality, age, race, ‘nation,’ workplace discourse, diachronic change, and social media and web registers. Invited contributors made use of systematically-designed general and specialized corpora, sound research questions, methodologies (e.g., keyword analysis, multi-dimensional analysis, clusters, and collocations), and logical/credible interpretive techniques. Studies in Corpus-Based Sociolinguistics is an important resource for researchers and graduate students in the fields of sociolinguistics, corpus linguistics, and applied linguistics.
Studies in Corpus-Based Sociolinguistics
by Eric FriginalStudies in Corpus-Based Sociolinguistics illustrates how sociolinguistic approaches and linguistic distributions from corpora can be effectively combined to produce meaningful studies of language use and language variation. Three major parts comprise the volume focusing on: (1) Corpora and the Study of Languages and Dialects, in particular, varieties of global Englishes; (2) Corpora and Social Demographics; and (3) Corpora and Register Characteristics. The 14 peer-reviewed, new, and original chapters explore language variation related to regional dialectology, gender, sexuality, age, race, ‘nation,’ workplace discourse, diachronic change, and social media and web registers. Invited contributors made use of systematically-designed general and specialized corpora, sound research questions, methodologies (e.g., keyword analysis, multi-dimensional analysis, clusters, and collocations), and logical/credible interpretive techniques. Studies in Corpus-Based Sociolinguistics is an important resource for researchers and graduate students in the fields of sociolinguistics, corpus linguistics, and applied linguistics.
Studies in Discourse Analysis: Linguistics: Studies In Discourse Analysis (Routledge Library Editions: Linguistics)
by Malcolm Coulthard Martin MontgomeryThe book explores ways in which the formal methods of linguistics can cast light on the structure of verbal interaction, and in particular considers how successive utterances cohere together in continuous spoken discourse. Beginning with an earlier model of discourse analysis elaborated to deal with teacher-pupil interaction in the classroom, it then reviews attempts to extend this model to a variety of discourses such as committee talk, doctor-patient interviews, broadcast discussions and the monologue of lectures. The extension of the original model to other situations has prompted a number of innovations and additional insights which are expounded in a series of contributions linked by complimentary themes. There are contributions on the role of intonation and of kinetics in discourse analysis; explorations of the problems of the analytic category ‘sentence’ and of the problems raised by casual conversation; and there is extended discussion of the structural properties underlying exchanges of utterances. The book moves easily between data and theory, forming a unified whole. It sums up a continuing and lively debate within a common tradition of discourse analysis and may well serve as a programmatic statement for future work in the field.
Studies in Discourse Analysis (Routledge Library Editions: Linguistics)
by Malcolm Coulthard Martin MontgomeryThe book explores ways in which the formal methods of linguistics can cast light on the structure of verbal interaction, and in particular considers how successive utterances cohere together in continuous spoken discourse. Beginning with an earlier model of discourse analysis elaborated to deal with teacher-pupil interaction in the classroom, it then reviews attempts to extend this model to a variety of discourses such as committee talk, doctor-patient interviews, broadcast discussions and the monologue of lectures. The extension of the original model to other situations has prompted a number of innovations and additional insights which are expounded in a series of contributions linked by complimentary themes. There are contributions on the role of intonation and of kinetics in discourse analysis; explorations of the problems of the analytic category ‘sentence’ and of the problems raised by casual conversation; and there is extended discussion of the structural properties underlying exchanges of utterances. The book moves easily between data and theory, forming a unified whole. It sums up a continuing and lively debate within a common tradition of discourse analysis and may well serve as a programmatic statement for future work in the field.
Studies in English Language: Volume 7 (Collected Works of M.A.K. Halliday)
by M.A.K. Halliday Jonathan J. WebsterThis is the seventh volume in the Collected Works of Professor M. A. K. Halliday: Studies in English Language. Topics covered in the papers from the section on "Theoretical foundations" include transitivity, theme-rhyme, mood, and modality in English. Other sections include papers on English intonation and grammar including discussion of word order in English and the complex structures typical of informal spontaneous conversation. The grammatical analyses of English also serve to demonstrate the application of linguistics to language teaching. "This is a fascinating volume, which is mainly devoted to Michael Halliday's thinking in the 1960s. The collection includes articles ranging from detailed innovative proposals for a description of intonation that would allow it to be incorporated into the grammar, through an ambitious re-orientation of the focus of grammatical description at a time when Systemic Grammar was emerging from Scale and Category, to a much later small-scale corpus investigation of the grammar of pain. Together they illustrate Halliday's continuing intellectual enthusiasm and openness to new linguistic trends, even though his own development has always been by accretion, rather than revolution. So, the reader is fascinated to discover how much of the early work has been retained, often in a considerably modified form, in the 21st century version of Systemic Functional Grammar." - Malcolm Coulthard, Professor of English Language and Linguistics, University of Birmingham, UK
Studies in Ethnopragmatics, Cultural Semantics, and Intercultural Communication: Ethnopragmatics and Semantic Analysis
by Kerry Mullan Bert Peeters Lauren SadowThis book is the first in a three-volume set that celebrates the career and achievements of Cliff Goddard, a pioneer of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach in linguistics. In addition, it explores ethnopragmatics and conversational humour, with a further focus on semantic analysis more broadly.Often considered the most fully developed, comprehensive and practical approach to cross-linguistic and cross-cultural semantics, Natural Semantic Metalanguage is based on evidence that there is a small core of basic, universal meanings (semantic primes) that can be expressed in all languages. It has been used for linguistic and cultural analysis in such diverse fields as semantics, cross-cultural communication, language teaching, humour studies and applied linguistics, and has reached far beyond the boundaries of linguistics into ethnopsychology, anthropology, history, political science, the medical humanities and ethics.
Studies in Ethnopragmatics, Cultural Semantics, and Intercultural Communication: Meaning and Culture
by Bert Peeters Kerry Mullan Lauren SadowThis book is the second in a three-volume set that celebrates the career and achievements of Cliff Goddard, a pioneer of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach in linguistics. It focuses on meaning and culture, with sections on "Words as Carriers of Cultural Meaning" and "Understanding Discourse in Cultural Context". Often considered the most fully developed, comprehensive and practical approach to cross-linguistic and cross-cultural semantics, Natural Semantic Metalanguage is based on evidence that there is a small core of basic, universal meanings (semantic primes) that can be expressed in all languages. It has been used for linguistic and cultural analysis in such diverse fields as semantics, cross-cultural communication, language teaching, humour studies and applied linguistics, and has reached far beyond the boundaries of linguistics into ethnopsychology, anthropology, history, political science, the medical humanities and ethics.
Studies in Ethnopragmatics, Cultural Semantics, and Intercultural Communication: Minimal English (and Beyond)
by Lauren Sadow Bert Peeters Kerry MullanThis book is the third in a three-volume set that celebrates the career and achievements of Cliff Goddard, a pioneer of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach in linguistics. This third volume explores the potential of Minimal English, a recent offshoot of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage, with special reference to its use in Language Teaching and Intercultural Communication.Often considered the most fully developed, comprehensive and practical approach to cross-linguistic and cross-cultural semantics, Natural Semantic Metalanguage is based on evidence that there is a small core of basic, universal meanings (semantic primes) that can be expressed in all languages. It has been used for linguistic and cultural analysis in such diverse fields as semantics, cross-cultural communication, language teaching, humour studies and applied linguistics, and has reached far beyond the boundaries of linguistics into ethnopsychology, anthropology, history, political science, the medical humanities and ethics.
Studies in Formal Historical Linguistics (Formal Linguistics Series #3)
by H.M. HoenigswaldThese separate but related essays owe their existence to a combined concern for the workings of text criticism and historical linguistics and for the history of scholarship in these fields. On earlier occasions I have suggested certain views on the development of the so-called comparative method. Few things are more rewarding than to bring implicit preconceptions of the past and present out into the open, as I aimed to do then and as I aim to do now. This time existing tradition is treated as a body - without, I hope, being seriously distorting - and one small portion of its working assumptions is examined. My thanks go to the colleagues and students with whom I have had fruitful discussion, but especially to Zellig S. Harris, and to Henry Hiz who expended much more than just his excellent editorial care on these efforts. I only hope that I have learned as much from him as he has patiently tried to teach me. Lloyd W. Daly has kindly read parts of an earlier version and has contri buted valuable suggestions.
Studies in French Poetry of the Fifteenth Century
by C.S. ShapleyMy purpose in these studies is to example a careful reading of the too easily despised, too hastily evaluated and too frequently misunderstood poetry of the French fifteenth century. I have begun at the tum of the century with three of the more substantial writers of the first generation (Nesson, Char tier, Taillevent), and while I have in each case read the poet's entire work I have tried to concentrate my efforts on the single poem which seemed his most substantial in terms of the number and importance of the concerns which animate it, the vigor and complexity of his response, and the expres sive richness of the poem as a whole. I have tried in each instance to say only what seemed most relevant and essential, not with respect to any preconceived system but by allowing the categories of my treatment to arise out of a full and extended response to the work itself. When one interrogates a poem in terms of pre-established categories one is all too apt to find what one is seeking and to find only that.
Studies in Gothic
This volume investigates a wide range of topics in the study of Gothic, the oldest Germanic language to be attested in any substantial texts, some three centuries before the earliest Old English. It covers issues in sociolinguistics, historical linguistics, phonology, derivational morphology, verbal syntax, and discourse structure. Individual chapters examine Gothic-Latin bilingualism in sixth-century Italy, some hitherto undiscovered aspects of the production of the first edition of the Codex Argenteus associated with England, and the translations of Greek nominal compounds in the Gospels. Phonological and morphological topics covered include vowel lowering (“breaking”), the distinction between abstract nouns in -ei and -iþa, the shape of the 'yon'-word in Proto-Germanic, and the morphology and derivational history of the word fidur-dogs 'four-days-old'. The syntactic studies explore the development of verb + particle constructions in Gothic and Old Saxon, attempt to discern the order of noun plus adnominal possessive, and analyse the complex and in part cross-linguistically unparalleled markers of Gothic relative clauses. The volume concludes with two chapters that explore discourse structure: the first studies the particles nu and þan in their dual roles as anaphoric elements ('now' and 'then') and as discourse particles, while the second examines the system of discourse articulation as a whole in the Gothic Gospels.
Studies in Greek Syntax (Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory #43)
by A. Alexiadou G. C. Horrocks Melita Stavrou
Studies in Hausa: Language and Linguistics
by Graham Furniss Philip J. JaggarFirst published in 1988, this book is a landmark in the study of one of the major African languages: Hausa. Hausa is spoken by 40-50 million people, mostly in northern Nigeria, but also in communities stretching from Senegal to the Red Sea. It is a language taught on an international basis at major universities in Nigeria, the USA, Western and Eastern Europe, the Middle and Far East, and is probably the best studied African language, boasting an impressive list of research publications. As Nigeria grows in importance, so Hausa becomes a language of international standing. The volume brings together contributions from the major contemporary figures in Hausa language studies from around the world. It contains work on the linguistic description of Hausa, various aspects of Hausa literature, both oral and written, and on the description of the relationship of Hausa to other Chadic languages.
Studies in Hausa: Language and Linguistics
by Graham Furniss Philip J. JaggarFirst published in 1988, this book is a landmark in the study of one of the major African languages: Hausa. Hausa is spoken by 40-50 million people, mostly in northern Nigeria, but also in communities stretching from Senegal to the Red Sea. It is a language taught on an international basis at major universities in Nigeria, the USA, Western and Eastern Europe, the Middle and Far East, and is probably the best studied African language, boasting an impressive list of research publications. As Nigeria grows in importance, so Hausa becomes a language of international standing. The volume brings together contributions from the major contemporary figures in Hausa language studies from around the world. It contains work on the linguistic description of Hausa, various aspects of Hausa literature, both oral and written, and on the description of the relationship of Hausa to other Chadic languages.
Studies in Lexical Phonology: Lexical Phonology (Phonetics and Phonology #Volume 4)
by Stephen R. Anderson Patricia A. KeatingStudies in Lexical Phonology