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Joint Operating Agreements: Challenges and Concerns from Civil Law Jurisdictions
by Eduardo G. PereiraHistorically oil and gas upstream activities were developed in common law jurisdictions. In the same manner the first model form of Joint Operating Agreements (JOAs) was developed in 1956 by the American Association of Professional Landmen. This historical model form provided the industry with guidance for future generations of JOAs. Although the JOAs were initially used in common law jurisdictions (US, Canada, UK, etc.) later on it was used in civil law jurisdictions throughout South America, Africa, Europe and Asia. There is no JOA model available in the industry to address all of the requirements from a large variety of civil law perspectives. The Norwegian and Greenlandic authorities offer their own JOA models, which are suitable within these jurisdictions. The AIPN JOA model form 2012 issued a short guidance note for civil law issues. Although this initiative was very much welcomed by the industry, it was not possible to provide extensive guidance on every detail and provide advice on exactly what your JOA provisions should look like at the very end. Therefore, the main issue for the petroleum industry is the fact that large upstream investments could be done based on a contract that might not be enforceable in a civil law jurisdiction. This book analyses the main issues that a JOA might face within seventeen civil jurisdictions with large oil and gas reserves or at least large potential (including but not limited to Angola, Argentina, Brazil, China, France, Holland, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Mozambique, Norway, Russia, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, etc.). It is a unique and valuable publication for practitioners, legal counsel, businessmen, and academics involved in the upstream industry around the world.
A Joint Venture Agreement for Seabed Mining (Studies in Transnational Law of Natural Resources #5)
by G. JaenickeThe Third Uni ted Nations Conference on the Lawof the Sea is preparing rules far the establishment of an international legal regime governing the exploration and exploitation of the resources of the international seabed. The Draft Convention on the Law of the Sea (Informal Text) of 27 August 1980 which has so far been the result of the negotiations during the preceding sessions of the Conference, provides for a so-called "parallel system" under which an international "Enterprise" as weIl as national private or state-owned companies will be granted access to the resources of the international seabed under the control of an International Seabed Authority. The Draft Convention also envisages the condusion of joint venture agreements between the international Enterprise and national companies or consortia, and encourages such cooperation through grant ing various incentives. Such joint ventures will probably play an important part in making the international Enterprise operative in the early years of its existence. At the Conference concerns have been expressed whether and when the Enterprise as a newcomer would be in a position to start seabed mining and to compete effectively with the national companies. The Draft Convention provides for a number of ways and means to enable the Enterprise to develop its technological and financial capabilities for deep sea mining as early as possible.
Joint Venture Disputes in the Energy and Natural Resource Sectors
by A. Timothy Martin John Gilbert Peter RobertsJoint Venture Disputes in the Energy and Natural Resource Sectors provides the most comprehensive review of judgments and arbitral awards in these sectors to date. It presents a comprehensive assessment of model joint venture contracts, examining their impact on customary industry practice and case law. Based on a comprehensive industry review of almost 400 cases, the book discusses close to 200 court cases and 50 arbitral awards from around the world - many of which have been previously unpublished - presenting a detailed examination of the issues typically arising in joint venture disputes, trends forming in this area of international energy law, and lessons that can be distilled for future practice. Given the breadth and depth of its analysis, this volume will be a valuable resource for those involved in negotiating, drafting, managing, and advising on energy and natural resource joint ventures. By identifying the key risk areas in such joint ventures, it will also serve as a critical point of reference for advocates, judges and arbitrators who deal with energy and natural resource disputes.
Joint Venture Disputes in the Energy and Natural Resource Sectors
by A. Timothy Martin John Gilbert Peter RobertsJoint Venture Disputes in the Energy and Natural Resource Sectors provides the most comprehensive review of judgments and arbitral awards in these sectors to date. It presents a comprehensive assessment of model joint venture contracts, examining their impact on customary industry practice and case law. Based on a comprehensive industry review of almost 400 cases, the book discusses close to 200 court cases and 50 arbitral awards from around the world - many of which have been previously unpublished - presenting a detailed examination of the issues typically arising in joint venture disputes, trends forming in this area of international energy law, and lessons that can be distilled for future practice. Given the breadth and depth of its analysis, this volume will be a valuable resource for those involved in negotiating, drafting, managing, and advising on energy and natural resource joint ventures. By identifying the key risk areas in such joint ventures, it will also serve as a critical point of reference for advocates, judges and arbitrators who deal with energy and natural resource disputes.
Joint Ventures and EU Competition Law (Hart Studies in Competition Law)
by Luís MoraisThis book examines the treatment of joint ventures (JVs) in EU Competition Law, and at the same time provides a comparison with US law. It starts with an analysis of the rather elusive concept of JV, encompassing both concentrative JVs (subject to merger control) and non-concentrative JVs. Although focused on possible definitions of joint ventures in terms of competition law, it also includes a broader perspective (going beyond competition law) on the different legal models of structuring cooperation links between undertakings. At the core of the book is an attempt to build an analytical model for the assessment of JVs in terms of antitrust law, especially as regards Article 101 of the TFEU. The analytical model used proposes a set of sequential analytical levels, taking into account structural factors and specific factors related to the main constituent elements of the functional programmes of JVs. The model is applied to a substantive assessment of four main types of JVs identified on the basis of their prevailing economic function: research and development JVs; production JVs; commercialization JVs; and purchasing JVs. Also covered are particular situations of joint ownership of undertakings falling short of joint control. In the concluding part of the book recent developments in JV antitrust law are put into context within the wider reform of EU Competition Law. The book is also comprehensively updated with the latest developments concerning the reform of the EU framework of horizontal cooperation between undertakings that took place at the end of 2010.
Joint Ventures and EU Competition Law (Hart Studies in Competition Law)
by Luís MoraisThis book examines the treatment of joint ventures (JVs) in EU Competition Law, and at the same time provides a comparison with US law. It starts with an analysis of the rather elusive concept of JV, encompassing both concentrative JVs (subject to merger control) and non-concentrative JVs. Although focused on possible definitions of joint ventures in terms of competition law, it also includes a broader perspective (going beyond competition law) on the different legal models of structuring cooperation links between undertakings. At the core of the book is an attempt to build an analytical model for the assessment of JVs in terms of antitrust law, especially as regards Article 101 of the TFEU. The analytical model used proposes a set of sequential analytical levels, taking into account structural factors and specific factors related to the main constituent elements of the functional programmes of JVs. The model is applied to a substantive assessment of four main types of JVs identified on the basis of their prevailing economic function: research and development JVs; production JVs; commercialization JVs; and purchasing JVs. Also covered are particular situations of joint ownership of undertakings falling short of joint control. In the concluding part of the book recent developments in JV antitrust law are put into context within the wider reform of EU Competition Law. The book is also comprehensively updated with the latest developments concerning the reform of the EU framework of horizontal cooperation between undertakings that took place at the end of 2010.
Joint Ventures and Shareholders' Agreements
by Susan SingletonBaffled by joint venture and shareholder agreements? Guidance on the new PSC Register is just one of the things that small businesses need to understand.Helping you to identify the central issues involved in joint venture transactions, take effective instructions and draft good documentation using precedents, case studies and checklists.Now covers:Brexit 2020 and its impact on competition law, UK and EU;Changes to tax aspects arising from the latest Finance Acts;New case law such as - Guest Services Worldwide Ltd v. Shelmerdine [2020] EWCA Civ 85 (CA) (non-competition clauses in shareholders' agreements) and Global Corporate Limited v. Hale [2018] EWCA Civ 2618 (CA) (when payments to a director/shareholder were dividends) Key content includes:Preliminary considerations:A discussion of the nature of joint ventures and shareholders' agreements; Financing the venture; Tax and accounting considerations for UK corporate joint ventures; Regulatory matters; Employment and pension issues.Key issues in structuring and drafting UK corporate joint venture documentation and shareholders' agreements:Deadlock and minority protection; Voting rights and board representation; Restrictive covenants.Joint ventures and shareholders' agreements in practice:Articles of association; Transfers of assets; EU and UK Competition law including Brexit issues.
Jokers Wild: Legalized Gambling in the Twenty-first Century
by Thomas Barker Marjie T. BritzA history and analysis of gambling in the United States from bingo to state lotteries to Indian gaming and the rise of Las Vegas, this book reveals how we have become a nation of gamblers and what the future holds for the gambling industry. From the colonial era to the present, Americans have enjoyed a love-hate relationship with gambling. It is a pastime that has gone from sin to recreational activity, and an industry that has moved from control by organized crime to management by executives with MBAs. While gaming is one of the nation's fastest-growing industries, Barker and Britz predict that this process will slow or stop in the next century as the result of market saturation and unknown social and economic effects which loom over the glitz, glamour, and action.Providing the latest information on the nature and extent of legalized gambling in the United States, this study examines why we gamble and how the relative impact of the activity differs in certain segments of the population. Legalized gambling is, at best, problematic behavior with both good and bad consequences. State-sponsored gambling, both in the form of monopolistic lotteries and in tribal casinos, does to some extent call into question the proper role of the state or tribal nation in promoting a potentially harmful activity among its citizens. States that have looked to legalized gambling as a source of economic salvation may soon experience difficulties as gambling venues multiply and unregulated Internet gambling becomes more widespread.
Jones & Sufrin's EU Competition Law: Text, Cases, and Materials (Text, Cases, and Materials)
by Niamh Dunne Alison Jones Brenda SufrinThe essential guide to EU competition law for students in one volume; extracts from key cases, academic works, and legislation are paired with incisive critique and commentary from an expert author team. In this fast-paced subject area, the authors carefully highlight the most important cases, legislation, and developments to allow students to navigate the breadth of legislation and case law. With their clear explanations and commentary, the authors provide invaluable support to students as they approach this complex and highly technical area of law. Extracts provide opportunities for students to understand the law in practice, and to see its relevance to business. Indispensable for undergraduate and postgraduate students alike, this is the standalone guide to the competition law of the EU. Digital formats and resources The seventh edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources. - The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks - The Online resources that accompany this text include an online list of useful web links, helping students continue their exploration of competition law.
Jones & Sufrin's EU Competition Law: Text, Cases, and Materials (Text, Cases, and Materials)
by Alison Jones Brenda Sufrin Niamh DunneThe essential guide to EU competition law for students in one volume; extracts from key cases, academic works, and legislation are paired with incisive critique and commentary from an expert author team. In this fast-paced subject area, the authors carefully highlight the most important cases, legislation, and developments to allow students to navigate the breadth of legislation and case law. With their clear explanations and commentary, the authors provide invaluable support to students as they approach this complex and highly technical area of law. Extracts provide opportunities for students to understand the law in practice, and to see its relevance to business. Indispensable for undergraduate and postgraduate students alike, this is the standalone guide to the competition law of the EU. Digital formats and resources The seventh edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources. - The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks - The Online resources that accompany this text include an online list of useful web links, helping students continue their exploration of competition law.
The Jordan River and Dead Sea Basin: Cooperation Amid Conflict (NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security)
by Clive Lipchin Deborah Sandler Emily CushmanThe 21st century will present unprecedented challenges. Already in its first decade we have seen the dramatic impact of two systemic risks, that of climate change and that of the financial crisis. The cause but also the solution to these crises lies in a deeper understanding of the underlying factors and int- dependencies. New ways must be found to overcome deep obstacles and find common solutions to seemingly intractable problems. The water crisis in the Middle East is a central challenge of the 21st century. The future of the people of the region depends on finding lasting solutions. Due to the exhaustion and pollution of available sources, compounded by climate change, demographic change and economic development, the pressures of water resource management will grow. New solutions must urgently be found as business as usual is not sustainable. This book provides vital new insights into possible elements of a sustainable future in one key area, that of the Jordan River and Dead Sea Basin. The future development of the Jordanian, Palestinian and Israeli people depends on finding a just and sustainable system of water resource management in this Basin. Given the potential for regional and other conflicts arising out of tensions over water, the ramifications are wider and even global in significance. This volume provides fresh regional and international perspectives which greatly assist in our understanding of the issues and their possible resolution.
José Martí, Ernesto “Che” Guevara, and Global Development Ethics: The Battle for Ideas
by S. BabbittThis book argues that the overlooked ideas of José Martí and Ernesto 'Che' Guevara explain recent politics in Latin America and the Caribbean but also, even more significantly, offer a defensible alternative direction for global development ethics.
Joseph Butler: Fifteen Sermons and other writings on ethics
by David McNaughtonJoseph Butler's Fifteen Sermons (1729) is a classic work of moral philosophy, which remains widely influential. The topics Butler discusses include the role of conscience in human nature, self-love and egoism, compassion, resentment and forgiveness, and love of our neighbour and of God. The text of the enlarged and corrected second edition is here presented together with a selection of Butler's other ethical writings: A Dissertation of the Nature of Virtue, A Sermon Preached Before the House of Lords, and relevant extracts from his correspondence with Samuel Clarke. While this is a readers' edition that avoids cluttering Butler's text with textual variants and intrusive footnotes, it comes complete with scholarly apparatus intended to aid the reader in studying Butlers work in depth. David McNaughton contributes a substantial historical and philosophical introduction that highlights the continuing importance of these works. In addition, there are extensive notes at the end of the volume, including significant textual variants, and full details of Butler's sources and references, as well as short summaries of Butler's predecessors, and a selective bibliography. This will be the definitive resource for anyone interested in Butler's moral philosophy.
Joseph Butler: Fifteen Sermons and other writings on ethics
Joseph Butler's Fifteen Sermons (1729) is a classic work of moral philosophy, which remains widely influential. The topics Butler discusses include the role of conscience in human nature, self-love and egoism, compassion, resentment and forgiveness, and love of our neighbour and of God. The text of the enlarged and corrected second edition is here presented together with a selection of Butler's other ethical writings: A Dissertation of the Nature of Virtue, A Sermon Preached Before the House of Lords, and relevant extracts from his correspondence with Samuel Clarke. While this is a readers' edition that avoids cluttering Butler's text with textual variants and intrusive footnotes, it comes complete with scholarly apparatus intended to aid the reader in studying Butlers work in depth. David McNaughton contributes a substantial historical and philosophical introduction that highlights the continuing importance of these works. In addition, there are extensive notes at the end of the volume, including significant textual variants, and full details of Butler's sources and references, as well as short summaries of Butler's predecessors, and a selective bibliography. This will be the definitive resource for anyone interested in Butler's moral philosophy.
Joseph Carens: Between Aliens and Citizens (Münster Lectures in Philosophy #6)
by Matthias Hoesch Nadine MoorenThis book offers a critical discussion of Joseph Carens’s main works in migration ethics covering themes such as migration, naturalization, citizenship, culture, religion and economic equality. The volume is published on the occasion of the annual Münster Lectures in Philosophy held by Joseph Carens in the fall of 2018. It documents the intellectual exchange with the well-known philosopher Joseph Carens by offering critical contributions on Carens’s work and commentaries of Carens as a reply to these critical contributions. With his various works on migration ethics, Joseph Carens must be seen as one of the leading academics in the political and ethical discourse of migration in the last years. The topic of migration raises questions not only regarding naturalization and citizenship but also cultural, economic and religious differences between aliens, citizens and persons whose status lies in between and calls for further determination. Such questions gain more and more importance in our globalized world as can be seen for example in the context of the refugee crisis in the European Union and the U.S. The book covers different systematic topics of Carens’s work as can be found in his widely read book “The Ethics of Immigration” but also in further publications. It provides papers with critical discussions of Carens’s work as well as his responses to these, thus enabling and documenting the fruitful dialogue between the contributors and Carens himself. The aim of this book is to sharpen and shed light on Carens’s arguments concerning migration by offering new and critical perspectives and fine-grained analyses.
Joseph Knight
by James Robertson‘A book of such quality as to persuade you that historical novels are the true business of the writer.’Daily Telegraph
Journalism After Snowden (PDF)
by Emily Bell Taylor Owen Smitha Khorana Jennifer R. HenrichsenEdward Snowden's release of classified NSA documents exposed the widespread government practice of mass surveillance in a democratic society. The publication of these documents, facilitated by three journalists, as well as efforts to criminalize the act of being a whistleblower or source, signaled a new era in the coverage of national security reporting. The contributors to Journalism After Snowden analyze the implications of the Snowden affair for journalism and the future role of the profession as a watchdog for the public good. Integrating discussions of media, law, surveillance, technology, and national security, the book offers a timely and much-needed assessment of the promises and perils for journalism in the digital age. Journalism After Snowden is essential reading for citizens, journalists, and academics in search of perspective on the need for and threats to investigative journalism in an age of heightened surveillance. The book features contributions from key players involved in the reporting of leaks of classified information by Edward Snowden, including Alan Rusbridger, former editor-in-chief of The Guardian; ex-New York Times executive editor Jill Abramson; legal scholar and journalist Glenn Greenwald; and Snowden himself. Other contributors include dean of Columbia Graduate School of Journalism Steve Coll, Internet and society scholar Clay Shirky, legal scholar Cass Sunstein, and journalist Julia Angwin. Topics discussed include protecting sources, digital security practices, the legal rights of journalists, access to classified data, interpreting journalistic privilege in the digital age, and understanding the impact of the Internet and telecommunications policy on journalism. The anthology's interdisciplinary nature provides a comprehensive overview and understanding of how society can protect the press and ensure the free flow of information.
Journalism and PR: News Media and Public Relations in the Digital Age (RISJ Challenges)
by Laura Toogood John LloydPublic relations and journalism have had a difficult relationship for over a century, characterised by mutual dependence and – often – mutual distrust. The two professions have vied with each other for primacy: journalists could open or close the gates, but PR had the stories, the contacts and often the budgets for extravagant campaigns. The arrival of the internet, and especially of social media, has changed much of that. These new technologies have turned the audience into players – who play an important part in making the reputation, and the brand, of everyone from heads of state to new car models vulnerable to viral tweets and social media attacks. Companies, parties and governments are seeking more protection – especially since individuals within these organisations can themselves damage, even destroy, their brand or reputation with an ill-chosen remark or an appearance of arrogance. The pressures, and the possibilities, of the digital age have given public figures and institutions both a necessity to protect themselves, and channels to promote themselves free of news media gatekeepers. Political and corporate communications professionals have become more essential, and more influential within the top echelons of business, politics and other institutions. Companies and governments can now – must now – become media themselves, putting out a message 24/7, establishing channels of their own, creating content to attract audiences and reaching out to their networks to involve them in their strategies Journalism is being brought into these new, more influential and fast growing communications strategies. And, as newspapers struggle to stay alive, journalists must adapt to a world where old barriers are being smashed and new relationships built – this time with public relations in the driving seat. The world being created is at once more protected and more transparent; the communicators are at once more influential and more fragile. This unique study illuminates a new media age.
Journalism and the Debate Over Privacy (Routledge Communication Series)
by Craig LaMayJournalism and the Debate Over Privacy situates the discussion of issues of privacy in the landscape of professional journalism. Privacy problems present the widest gap between what journalism ethics suggest and what the law allows. This edited volume examines these problems in the context of both free expression theory and newsroom practice. Including essays by some of the country's foremost First Amendment scholars, the volume starts off in Part I with an examination of privacy in theoretical terms, intended to start the reader thinking broadly about conceptual problems in discussions about journalism and privacy. Part II builds on the theoretical underpinnings and looks at privacy problems as they are experienced by working journalists. This volume features discussion of: *privacy as a socially-constructed right--a moving target that changes with technology, social norms, national experience, and journalistic practice; *privacy as both a property and a commercial right; *privacy in terms of journalism ethics and journalistic codes; *privacy as an attribute of press independence from government; and *Bartnicki v. Vopper and its implications for journalism. With this volume, editor Craig L. LaMay provides a concise, intellectually provocative overview of a topic that is of growing importance to journalists, both legally and ethically. The work is intended for scholars and advanced students in communication law, ethics, and First Amendment rights, and is also appropriate for First Amendment and media law classes in law schools.
Journalism and the Debate Over Privacy (Routledge Communication Series)
by Craig L. LaMayJournalism and the Debate Over Privacy situates the discussion of issues of privacy in the landscape of professional journalism. Privacy problems present the widest gap between what journalism ethics suggest and what the law allows. This edited volume examines these problems in the context of both free expression theory and newsroom practice. Including essays by some of the country's foremost First Amendment scholars, the volume starts off in Part I with an examination of privacy in theoretical terms, intended to start the reader thinking broadly about conceptual problems in discussions about journalism and privacy. Part II builds on the theoretical underpinnings and looks at privacy problems as they are experienced by working journalists. This volume features discussion of: *privacy as a socially-constructed right--a moving target that changes with technology, social norms, national experience, and journalistic practice; *privacy as both a property and a commercial right; *privacy in terms of journalism ethics and journalistic codes; *privacy as an attribute of press independence from government; and *Bartnicki v. Vopper and its implications for journalism. With this volume, editor Craig L. LaMay provides a concise, intellectually provocative overview of a topic that is of growing importance to journalists, both legally and ethically. The work is intended for scholars and advanced students in communication law, ethics, and First Amendment rights, and is also appropriate for First Amendment and media law classes in law schools.
Journalism and the Nsa Revelations: Privacy, Security and the Press
by Adrienne Russell Risto Kunelius Heikki Heikkilä Dmitry YagodinEdward Snowden's revelations about the mass surveillance capabilities of the US National Security Agency (NSA) and other security services triggered an ongoing debate about the relationship between privacy and security in the digital world. This discussion has been dispersed into a number of national platforms, reflecting local political realities but also raising questions that cut across national public spheres. What does this debate tell us about the role of journalism in making sense of global events? This book looks at discussions of these debates in the mainstream media in the USA, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia and China. The chapters focus on editorials, commentaries and op-eds and look at how opinion-based journalism has negotiated key questions on the legitimacy of surveillance and its implications to security and privacy. The authors provide a thoughtful analysis of the possibilities and limits of 'transnational journalism' at a crucial time of political and digital change.
Journalism Ethics: A Philosophical Approach (Practical and Professional Ethics)
by Christopher MeyersSince the introduction of radio and television news, journalism has gone through multiple transformations, but each time it has been sustained by a commitment to basic values and best practices. Journalism Ethics is a reminder, a defense and an elucidation of core journalistic values, with particular emphasis on the interplay of theory, conceptual analysis and practice. The book begins with a sophisticated model for ethical decision-making, one that connects classical theories with the central purposes of journalism. Top scholars from philosophy, journalism and communications offer essays on such topics as objectivity, privacy, confidentiality, conflict of interest, the history of journalism, online journalism, and the definition of a journalist. The result is a guide to ethically sound and socially justified journalism-in whatever form that practice emerges. Journalism Ethics will appeal to students and teachers of journalism ethics, as well as journalists and practical ethicists in general.
Journalism in an Age of Terror: Covering and Uncovering the Secret State
by John LloydThe threat of terrorism and the increasing power of terrorist groups has prompted a rapid growth of the security services and changes in legislation, permitting the collection of communications data. This provides journalism with acute dilemmas. The media claims responsibility for holding power to account, yet cannot know more than superficial details about the newly empowered secret services. This book is the first to analyze, in the aftermath of the Snowden/NSA revelations, relations between two key institutions in the modern state: the intelligence services and the news media. It provides the answers to crucial questions including: how can power be held to account if one of the greatest state powers is secret? How far have the Snowden/NSA revelations damaged the activities of the secret services? And have governments lost all trust from journalists and the public?
Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship
by Anna Gr Ingrid Fadnes Roy KrThis book explores the relationship between the safety of journalists and self-censorship practices around the world, including local case studies and regional and international perspectives. Bringing together scholars and practitioners from around the globe, Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship provides new and updated insights into patterns of self-censorship and free speech, focusing on a variety of factors that affect these issues, including surveillance, legislation, threats, violent conflict, gender-related stereotypes, digitisation and social media. The contributions examine topics such as trauma, risk and self-censorship among journalists in different regions of the world, including Central America, Estonia, Turkey, Uganda and Pakistan. The book also provides conceptual clarity to the notion of journalist self-censorship, and explores the question of how self-censorship may be studied empirically.Combining both theoretical and practical knowledge, this collection serves as a much-needed resource for any academic, student of journalism, practicing journalist, or NGO working on issues of journalism, safety, free speech and censorship.
Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship
by Anna Grøndahl Larsen Ingrid Fadnes Roy KrøvelThis book explores the relationship between the safety of journalists and self-censorship practices around the world, including local case studies and regional and international perspectives. Bringing together scholars and practitioners from around the globe, Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship provides new and updated insights into patterns of self-censorship and free speech, focusing on a variety of factors that affect these issues, including surveillance, legislation, threats, violent conflict, gender-related stereotypes, digitisation and social media. The contributions examine topics such as trauma, risk and self-censorship among journalists in different regions of the world, including Central America, Estonia, Turkey, Uganda and Pakistan. The book also provides conceptual clarity to the notion of journalist self-censorship, and explores the question of how self-censorship may be studied empirically.Combining both theoretical and practical knowledge, this collection serves as a much-needed resource for any academic, student of journalism, practicing journalist, or NGO working on issues of journalism, safety, free speech and censorship.