- Table View
- List View
Legitimacy in International Society: Japan’s Reaction to Global Wildlife Preservation (St Antony's Series)
by I. MiyaokaLegitimacy in International Society addresses collective legitimization of emergent norms at international meetings and its effect on state behaviour. Drawing mainly on constructivist approaches in International Relations and social psychology, Isao Miyaoka discusses the international and domestic sources of legitimacy and the basic conditions under which collective legitimization matters for norm adoption. Three case studies examine Japan's responses to wildlife preservationist norms against high seas driftnet fishing, scientific whaling and international trade in African elephant ivory.
The Legitimacy of EU Criminal Law (Hart Studies in European Criminal Law)
by Irene WieczorekThis book traces the history of the EU competence, EU policy discourse and EU legislation in the field of criminalisation from Maastricht until the present day. It asks 'Why EU Criminal Law?' looking at what rationales the Treaty, policy document and legislation put forth when deciding whether a certain behaviour should be a criminal offence. To interpret the EU approach to criminalisation, it relies on both modern and post-modern theoretical frameworks on the legitimacy of criminal law, read jointly with the theories on the functions of EU harmonisation of national law. The book demonstrates that while EU constitutional law leans towards an effectiveness-based, enforcement-driven, understanding of criminal law, the EU has in fact in more than one instance adopted symbolic EU criminal law, ie criminal law aimed at highlighting what values are important to the EU, but which is not fit to actually deter individuals from harming such values. The book then questions whether this approach is consistent or in contradiction with the values-based constitutional identity the EU has set for itself.
The Legitimacy of EU Criminal Law (Hart Studies in European Criminal Law)
by Irene WieczorekThis book traces the history of the EU competence, EU policy discourse and EU legislation in the field of criminalisation from Maastricht until the present day. It asks 'Why EU Criminal Law?' looking at what rationales the Treaty, policy document and legislation put forth when deciding whether a certain behaviour should be a criminal offence. To interpret the EU approach to criminalisation, it relies on both modern and post-modern theoretical frameworks on the legitimacy of criminal law, read jointly with the theories on the functions of EU harmonisation of national law. The book demonstrates that while EU constitutional law leans towards an effectiveness-based, enforcement-driven, understanding of criminal law, the EU has in fact in more than one instance adopted symbolic EU criminal law, ie criminal law aimed at highlighting what values are important to the EU, but which is not fit to actually deter individuals from harming such values. The book then questions whether this approach is consistent or in contradiction with the values-based constitutional identity the EU has set for itself.
The Legitimacy of European Constitutional Orders: A Comparative Inquiry
The Legitimacy of European Constitutional Orders is a systematic and comparative study of European constitutional orders, taking into consideration the national constitutional traditions of European countries, as well as the defining power of EU law. Drawing on a wealth of case studies, this book explores the trajectories followed by European national constitutional orders in their efforts to attain legitimacy. More in particular, the book investigates Bruce Ackerman’s influential world constitutionalism project and engages with the three legitimacy pathways put forward therein; that is, the revolutionary, the establishment, and the elite pathways. Such ideal trajectories are revisited and found in need of being questioned so as to furnish the conceptual tools essential in the efforts of reconstructing and assessing the European constitutional orders. The book also considers the relevance of constitutional transformation and change in comparative constitutional law, and accounts for the manifold impacts of the European integration process on national constitutional trajectories. Offering an original perspective on the issue of constitutional legitimacy in the European context, this comprehensive book will be of interest to scholars and students of comparative law, constitutional law, European law, political science and constitutional theory as well as researchers and practitioners in these fields.
The Legitimacy of Family Rights in Strasbourg Case Law: ‘Living Instrument’ or Extinguished Sovereignty? (Modern Studies in European Law)
by Carmen DraghiciModern family life exhibits a huge variety of new forms. Legal responses to these new forms illustrate the continuing differences between European nations. Nonetheless, the Strasbourg Court has been increasingly active in this area, which provides fertile ground for testing the legitimacy of the Court's interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights. When national law refuses to recognize a claimed right, litigants regularly reassert that right before the Strasbourg Court. This has forced it to seek answers to complex domestic controversies, such as the legal recognition for same-sex partners and transgender persons, the ethics of adoption and reproductive rights, the legal regime for cohabitants, or the accommodation of immigrants' aspiration to family reunion.Placing family rights at the core of the judicial legitimacy debate, this book provides a critical analysis of the standards of family rights protection under the Convention. It evaluates the Court's interpretive methodology and discusses the tensions inherent in its supranational quasi-constitutional function. These include the risk of excessive deference to national authorities, at the expense of the effective enforcement of universal rights; the addition of 'new rights'; and inattention to the division of responsibilities between democratic processes within sovereign States and the subsidiary international review.
The Legitimacy of Family Rights in Strasbourg Case Law: ‘Living Instrument’ or Extinguished Sovereignty? (Modern Studies in European Law)
by Carmen DraghiciModern family life exhibits a huge variety of new forms. Legal responses to these new forms illustrate the continuing differences between European nations. Nonetheless, the Strasbourg Court has been increasingly active in this area, which provides fertile ground for testing the legitimacy of the Court's interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights. When national law refuses to recognize a claimed right, litigants regularly reassert that right before the Strasbourg Court. This has forced it to seek answers to complex domestic controversies, such as the legal recognition for same-sex partners and transgender persons, the ethics of adoption and reproductive rights, the legal regime for cohabitants, or the accommodation of immigrants' aspiration to family reunion.Placing family rights at the core of the judicial legitimacy debate, this book provides a critical analysis of the standards of family rights protection under the Convention. It evaluates the Court's interpretive methodology and discusses the tensions inherent in its supranational quasi-constitutional function. These include the risk of excessive deference to national authorities, at the expense of the effective enforcement of universal rights; the addition of 'new rights'; and inattention to the division of responsibilities between democratic processes within sovereign States and the subsidiary international review.
The Legitimacy Of Medical Treatment: What Role For The Medical Exception?
by Sara Fovargue Alexandra MullockWhenever the legitimacy of a new or ethically contentious medical intervention is considered, a range of influences will determine whether the treatment becomes accepted as lawful medical treatment. The development and introduction of abortion, organ donation, gender reassignment, and non-therapeutic cosmetic surgery have, for example, all raised ethical, legal, and clinical issues. This book examines the various factors that legitimatise a medical procedure. Bringing together a range of internationally and nationally recognised academics from law, philosophy, medicine, health, economics, and sociology, the book explores the notion of a treatment, practice, or procedure being proper medical treatment, and considers the range of diverse factors which might influence the acceptance of a particular procedure as appropriate in the medical context. Contributors address such issues as clinical judgement and professional autonomy, the role of public interest, and the influence of resource allocation in decision-making. In doing so, the book explores how the law, the medical profession, and the public interact in determining whether a new or ethically contentious procedure should be regarded as legitimate. This book will be of interest and use to researchers and students of bioethics, medical law, criminal law, and the sociology of medicine. 9781138819634 9781315744308
The Legitimacy Of Medical Treatment: What Role For The Medical Exception? (PDF)
by Sara Fovargue Alexandra MullockWhenever the legitimacy of a new or ethically contentious medical intervention is considered, a range of influences will determine whether the treatment becomes accepted as lawful medical treatment. The development and introduction of abortion, organ donation, gender reassignment, and non-therapeutic cosmetic surgery have, for example, all raised ethical, legal, and clinical issues. This book examines the various factors that legitimatise a medical procedure. Bringing together a range of internationally and nationally recognised academics from law, philosophy, medicine, health, economics, and sociology, the book explores the notion of a treatment, practice, or procedure being proper medical treatment, and considers the range of diverse factors which might influence the acceptance of a particular procedure as appropriate in the medical context. Contributors address such issues as clinical judgement and professional autonomy, the role of public interest, and the influence of resource allocation in decision-making. In doing so, the book explores how the law, the medical profession, and the public interact in determining whether a new or ethically contentious procedure should be regarded as legitimate. This book will be of interest and use to researchers and students of bioethics, medical law, criminal law, and the sociology of medicine. 9781138819634 9781315744308
The Legitimacy of Medical Treatment: What Role for the Medical Exception? (Biomedical Law and Ethics Library)
by Sara Fovargue Alexandra MullockWhenever the legitimacy of a new or ethically contentious medical intervention is considered, a range of influences will determine whether the treatment becomes accepted as lawful medical treatment. The development and introduction of abortion, organ donation, gender reassignment, and non-therapeutic cosmetic surgery have, for example, all raised ethical, legal, and clinical issues. This book examines the various factors that legitimatise a medical procedure. Bringing together a range of internationally and nationally recognised academics from law, philosophy, medicine, health, economics, and sociology, the book explores the notion of a treatment, practice, or procedure being proper medical treatment, and considers the range of diverse factors which might influence the acceptance of a particular procedure as appropriate in the medical context. Contributors address such issues as clinical judgement and professional autonomy, the role of public interest, and the influence of resource allocation in decision-making. Chapter 6 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/tandfbis/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781138819634_oachapter6.pdf
The Legitimacy of Medical Treatment: What Role for the Medical Exception? (Biomedical Law and Ethics Library)
by Sara Fovargue Alexandra MullockWhenever the legitimacy of a new or ethically contentious medical intervention is considered, a range of influences will determine whether the treatment becomes accepted as lawful medical treatment. The development and introduction of abortion, organ donation, gender reassignment, and non-therapeutic cosmetic surgery have, for example, all raised ethical, legal, and clinical issues. This book examines the various factors that legitimatise a medical procedure. Bringing together a range of internationally and nationally recognised academics from law, philosophy, medicine, health, economics, and sociology, the book explores the notion of a treatment, practice, or procedure being proper medical treatment, and considers the range of diverse factors which might influence the acceptance of a particular procedure as appropriate in the medical context. Contributors address such issues as clinical judgement and professional autonomy, the role of public interest, and the influence of resource allocation in decision-making. Chapter 6 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/tandfbis/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781138819634_oachapter6.pdf
The Legitimacy of Standardisation as a Regulatory Technique: A Cross-disciplinary and Multi-level Analysis
by Caroline Cauffman Mariolina EliantonioThis timely book examines the field of European and global standardisation, showing how standards give rise to a multitude of different legal questions. Each chapter offers in-depth analysis of a number of key policy areas such as food safety, accounting, telecommunications and medical devices. These multi-disciplinary contributions go beyond the field of law, and provide cross-disciplinary comparisons. Demonstrating how standards enter the European legal system in a variety of ways, the book studies their relevance for public and private law alike. While the trade advantages of using standards in regulation are undeniable, the contributors elucidate how standard-setting processes have departed from the purely private realm to enter the stage of public regulation. This inevitably raises the issue of whether standardisation is supported by sufficient legitimacy guarantees. The contributions provide valuable insights to answering this question, highlighting cross-cutting reflections on the topic, and case studies on specific policy areas. This analytical book will be of interest to students and scholars researching in the fields of EU and global standardisation, EU law and trade law. It will also be a useful resource for practitioners focusing on regulation and standardisation.
The Legitimacy of The European Union through Legal Rationality: Free Movement of Third Country Nationals (Routledge Research in EU Law)
by Richard BallThird country nationals (TCNs) play an important part in the economy of the European Union, reflected in the rights granted to them under European Union Law. Political expediency is however shaped by world, regional and domestic influences that in turn determine policy towards third country nationals and their legal rights to freedom of movement. This book examines the concept of political legitimacy within the European Union through the principles of legal rationality, focusing in particular on the European Union’s policy towards third country nationals. Richard Ball argues that for legal doctrine to be rational it must display the requirements of formal, instrumental and substantive rationality, each mutually exclusive and essential. In taking this position of legal rationality, the book focuses on free movement rights of TCNs within EU treaties and implementing legislation, the Area of Freedom Security and Justice, and Association Agreements. Ball concludes that the stance of European Union Law towards third country nationals lacks legitimacy, and suggests possible new directions that EU policy should take in the future.
The Legitimacy of The European Union through Legal Rationality: Free Movement of Third Country Nationals (Routledge Research in EU Law)
by Richard BallThird country nationals (TCNs) play an important part in the economy of the European Union, reflected in the rights granted to them under European Union Law. Political expediency is however shaped by world, regional and domestic influences that in turn determine policy towards third country nationals and their legal rights to freedom of movement. This book examines the concept of political legitimacy within the European Union through the principles of legal rationality, focusing in particular on the European Union’s policy towards third country nationals. Richard Ball argues that for legal doctrine to be rational it must display the requirements of formal, instrumental and substantive rationality, each mutually exclusive and essential. In taking this position of legal rationality, the book focuses on free movement rights of TCNs within EU treaties and implementing legislation, the Area of Freedom Security and Justice, and Association Agreements. Ball concludes that the stance of European Union Law towards third country nationals lacks legitimacy, and suggests possible new directions that EU policy should take in the future.
The Legitimacy of Use of Force in Public and Islamic International Law
by Mohammad Z. SabujThis book investigates the legitimacy deficits of two potentially conflicting legal systems, namely Public and Islamic international law. It discusses the challenges that Public international law is being presented within the context of its relationship with Islamic international law. It explores how best to overcome these challenges through a comparative examination of state practices on the use of force. It highlights the legal-political legacies that evolved surrounding the claims of the legitimacy of use of force by armed non-state actors, states, and regional organizations. This book offers a critical analysis of these legacies in line with the Islamic Shari‘a law, United Nations Charter, state practices, and customs. It concludes that the legitimacy question has reached a vantage point where it cannot be answered either by Islamic or Public international law as a mutually exclusive legal system. Instead, Public international law must take a coherent approach within the existing legal framework.
Legitimate Expectations and Proportionality in Administrative Law
by Robert ThomasThis book presents a comparison of the development of legitimate expectations and proportionality in European and English law against the different traditions of administrative law. While these two principles are well established in European law,only in recent years have the English courts years sought to integrate them into the common law and have experienced various difficulties in doing so. This book seeks to understand the motivation behind this development, explain why the English courts have been troubled by the principles and suggest how such difficulties can be resolved. It will be of interest to all administrative lawyers, both in practice and in academe. It will also be of interest to EU lawyers, particularly those interested in EU public law.
Legitimate Expectations in the Common Law World (Hart Studies in Comparative Public Law)
by Matthew Groves Greg WeeksThe recognition and enforcement of legitimate expectations by courts has been a striking feature of English law since R v North and East Devon Health Authority; ex parte Coughlan [2001] 3 QB 213. Although the substantive form of legitimate expectation adopted in Coughlan was quickly accepted by English courts and received a generally favourable response from public law scholars, the doctrine of that case has largely been rejected in other common law jurisdictions. The central principles of Coughlan have been rejected by courts in common law jurisdictions outside the UK for a range of reasons, such as incompatibility with local constitutional doctrine, or because they mark an undesirable drift towards merits review. The sceptical and critical reception to Coughlan outside England is a striking contrast to the reception the case received within the UK. This book provides a detailed scholarly analysis of these issues and considers the doctrine of legitimate expectations both in England and elsewhere in the common law world.
Legitimate Expectations in the Common Law World (Hart Studies in Comparative Public Law)
by Greg Weeks Matthew GrovesThe recognition and enforcement of legitimate expectations by courts has been a striking feature of English law since R v North and East Devon Health Authority; ex parte Coughlan [2001] 3 QB 213. Although the substantive form of legitimate expectation adopted in Coughlan was quickly accepted by English courts and received a generally favourable response from public law scholars, the doctrine of that case has largely been rejected in other common law jurisdictions. The central principles of Coughlan have been rejected by courts in common law jurisdictions outside the UK for a range of reasons, such as incompatibility with local constitutional doctrine, or because they mark an undesirable drift towards merits review. The sceptical and critical reception to Coughlan outside England is a striking contrast to the reception the case received within the UK. This book provides a detailed scholarly analysis of these issues and considers the doctrine of legitimate expectations both in England and elsewhere in the common law world.
Legitimate Target: A Criteria-Based Approach to Targeted Killing (Terrorism and Global Justice Series)
by Amos GuioraTargeted killings represent both the contemporary weapon of choice and, clearly, the weapon of the future. From the perspective of the nation-state, the benefits of targeted killing are clear: aggressive measures against identified targets can be carried out with minimal, if any, risk to soldiers. But while the threat to soldiers is minimal, there are other risks that must be considered. Particularly, there is a high possibility of collateral damage as well as legitimate concerns regarding how a target is defined. Clearly broad legal, moral, and operational issues are at stake when considering targeted killing. In Legitimate Target, A Criteria Based Approach to Targeted Killing, Amos Guiora proposes that targeted killing decisions must reflect consideration of four distinct elements: law, policy, morality, and operational details, thus ensuring that it complies with principles of domestic and international laws. The author, writing from both personal experience and an academic perspective, offers important criticism and insight into the policy as presently implemented, highlighting the need for a criteria based decision making process in defining and identifying a legitimate target. Legitimate Target, A Criteria-Based Approach to Targeted Killing blends concrete examples with a nuanced study of the current targeted killing paradigm with an emphasis on the dilemmas of morality and the law.
Legitimating the Law: The Struggle for Judicial Competency in Early National New Hampshire
by John Phillip ReidJohn Phillip Reid is one of the most highly regarded historians of law as it was practiced on the state level in the nascent United States. He is not just the recipient of numerous honors for his scholarship but the type of historian after whom such accolades are named: the John Phillip Reid Award is given annually by the American Society for Legal History to the author of the best book by a mid-career or senior scholar. Legitimating the Law is the third installment in a trilogy of books by Reid that seek to extend our knowledge about the judicial history of the early republic by recounting the development of courts, laws, and legal theory in New Hampshire.Here Reid turns his eye toward the professionalization of law and the legitimization of legal practices in the Granite State—customs and codes of professional conduct that would form the basis of judiciaries in other states and that remain the cornerstone of our legal system to this day throughout the US. Legitimating the Law chronicles the struggle by which lawyers and torchbearers of strong, centralized government sought to bring standards of competence to New Hampshire through the professionalization of the bench and the bar—ambitions that were fought vigorously by both Jeffersonian legislators and anti-Federalists in the private sector alike, but ultimately to no avail.
Legitimation by Constitution: A Dialogue on Political Liberalism (Oxford Constitutional Theory)
by Alessandro Ferrara Frank Michelman"Legitimation by Constitution" is the phrase, coined by distinguished authors Frank Michelman and Alessandro Ferrara, for a key idea in Rawlsian political liberalism of a reliance on a dualist form of democracy-a subjection of ground-level lawmaking to the constraints of a higher-law constitution that most citizens could find acceptable as a framework for their politics-as a response to the problem of maintaining a liberally just, stable, and oppression-free democratic government in conditions of pluralist visionary conflict. Legitimation by Constitution recalls, collects, and combines a series of exchanges over the years between Michelman and Ferrara, inspired by Rawls' encapsulation of this conception in his proposed liberal principle of legitimacy. From a shared standpoint of sympathetic identification with the political-liberal statement of the problem, for which legitimation by constitution is proposed as a solution, these exchanges consider the perceived difficulties arguably standing in the way of this proposal's fulfillment on terms consistent with political liberalism's defining ideas about political justification. The authors discuss the mysteries of a democratic constituent power; the tensions between government-by-the-people and government-by-consent; the challenges posed to concretization by judicial authorities of national constitutional law; and the magnification of these tensions and challenges under the lenses of ambition towards transnational legal ordering. These discussions engage with other leading contemporary theorists of liberal-democratic constitutionalism including Bruce Ackerman, Ronald Dworkin, and Jürgen Habermas.
Legitimation by Constitution: A Dialogue on Political Liberalism (Oxford Constitutional Theory)
by Frank Michelman Alessandro Ferrara"Legitimation by Constitution" is the phrase, coined by distinguished authors Frank Michelman and Alessandro Ferrara, for a key idea in Rawlsian political liberalism of a reliance on a dualist form of democracy-a subjection of ground-level lawmaking to the constraints of a higher-law constitution that most citizens could find acceptable as a framework for their politics-as a response to the problem of maintaining a liberally just, stable, and oppression-free democratic government in conditions of pluralist visionary conflict. Legitimation by Constitution recalls, collects, and combines a series of exchanges over the years between Michelman and Ferrara, inspired by Rawls' encapsulation of this conception in his proposed liberal principle of legitimacy. From a shared standpoint of sympathetic identification with the political-liberal statement of the problem, for which legitimation by constitution is proposed as a solution, these exchanges consider the perceived difficulties arguably standing in the way of this proposal's fulfillment on terms consistent with political liberalism's defining ideas about political justification. The authors discuss the mysteries of a democratic constituent power; the tensions between government-by-the-people and government-by-consent; the challenges posed to concretization by judicial authorities of national constitutional law; and the magnification of these tensions and challenges under the lenses of ambition towards transnational legal ordering. These discussions engage with other leading contemporary theorists of liberal-democratic constitutionalism including Bruce Ackerman, Ronald Dworkin, and Jürgen Habermas.
Legitimation durch Informationsintermediäre mit Nachhaltigkeitsbezug: Eine institutionentheoretische Analyse und empirische Kapitalmarktuntersuchung
by René BergIn dem vorliegenden Buch analysiert René Berg die informationsökonomische Bedeutung von Informationsintermediären bei der Kanalisierung legitimer nachhaltiger Unternehmensaktivitäten. Auf Basis einer institutionentheoretisch entwickelten Soll-Nachhaltigkeitskonzeption wird ein asymmetrischer Bewertungseffekt in Form des informationsbedingten Legitimitätseffekts modelltheoretisch prognostiziert und empirisch am Kapitalmarkt nachgewiesen. Aus den gewonnen Erkenntnissen werden konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für eine nachhaltige Regulierung abgeleitet.
Legitimation ethischer Entscheidungen im Recht: Interdisziplinäre Untersuchungen (Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht #201)
by Cornelia Hagedorn Miriam Clados Jelena Achenbach Silja VönekyBei der Regelung von Rechtsfragen in der modernen Medizin und der Biotechnologie kann kaum auf rechtliche oder ethische Standards zurückgegriffen werden. Rechtsentscheidungen berühren häufig das gesellschaftliche Selbstverständnis. Zugleich stellt der wissenschaftliche Fortschritt die Effektivität dieser Verfahren auf die Probe. Die Beiträge des Buchs gehen der Frage nach, wie diese Herausforderung in nationalen Rechtsordnungen, auf der Ebene der Europäischen Union und des Völkerrechts in demokratisch oder anderweitig legitimer Weise bewältigt wird.
Legitime Strategien der Dissensbewältigung in demokratischen Staaten: Ein Vergleich von Rechtsetzungsverfahren im Bereich der Biomedizin in Japan und Großbritannien (Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht #244)
by Cornelia HagedornDie besondere Problematik bioethischer Entscheidungen liegt darin, dass über sie in pluralistischen Gesellschaften regelmäßig kein Konsens zu erzielen ist. Gleichzeitig erfordert die Rechtssicherheit in vielen Fällen, wie etwa der Stammzellforschung, der Transplantationsmedizin und der Sterbehilfe, eine Regelung auf überindividueller Ebene. Ein Handeln des Gesetzgebers ist gefragt, aber es gibt keine anerkannten Standards, anhand derer ein Gesetz erlassen werden könnte; ein Konsens über inhaltliche Fragen erscheint ausgeschlossen. Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die Frage, wie verschiedene Staaten mit dem Dissens in bioethischen Fragen bei gleichzeitigem Regelungsbedürfnis der Materie umgehen. Dazu wird die prozedurale Bewältigung dieses „Dissens-Dilemmas“ in Großbritannien und Japan untersucht. Anhand einer Analyse und Bewertung der Unterschiede im Umgang mit Dissens in verschiedenen Staaten wird ein eigenes Verfahren demokratisch legitimer Dissensbewältigung entwickelt. Um zu klären, wie bioethische Entscheidungen eines Staates demokratisch legitim getroffen werden können, werden verschiedene Verfahrenselemente untersucht, die im Prozess der Rechtsetzung zur Legitimation der Entscheidungen beitragen können. Hierunter fallen etwa Verfahren der Bürger- und Expertenbeteiligung, aber auch Fragen der Regelungsdichte und der verdeckten oder offenen Delegation von Entscheidungsgewalt etwa an die Verwaltung oder die Richterschaft. Hier ist beispielhaft das in Japan praktizierte Verfahren der „public comments“ zu nennen. Verfahren direkter Bürgerbeteiligung werden in jüngerer Zeit auch in Großbritannien verstärkt angewandt, beispielsweise bei der Entscheidungsfindung zum Thema Hybrid- und Chimärenforschung. Eine These der Arbeit ist, dass bei mangelndem gesellschaftlichen Konsens die Einbeziehung von Expertenkommissionen in den Rechtsetzungsprozess sowie die transparente Darlegung der entscheidungserheblichen Kriterien legitimationssteigernd wirken, da sie auch den Meinungsbildungsprozess in der Bevölkerung beschleunigen und breite öffentliche Debatten über ethische Problematiken fördern. Hinsichtlich der Frage der Regelungsebene wird für die Notwendigkeit einer Festlegung der grundlegenden Rahmenvorschriften durch den Staat argumentiert. Die konkrete Ausgestaltung des Umgangs mit einer neuen Technologie sollte dann jedoch an unabhängige Instanzen, etwa nach dem Modell der britischen Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, delegiert werden.
Legitime Verletzteninteressen im Strafverfahren: Eine kritische Untersuchung der Rechtslage und Vorschläge de lege ferenda (Juridicum – Schriftenreihe zum Strafrecht)
by Jutta BaderOpferschutz und Beschuldigtenschutz im Strafverfahren schließen sich nicht aus, ein präziser Ausgleich der beiden Positionen ist aber geboten. Insbesondere die verfassungsrechtlich verankerten Verfahrensgarantien und Beschuldigtenrechte wie Fairnessprinzip und Unschuldsvermutung müssen gewahrt bleiben. Die Opferschutzgesetzgebung der letzten Jahrzehnte hat dies nur unzureichend berücksichtigt. Auch ist sie eine umfassende dogmatische Begründung für die strafprozessuale Verletztenbeteiligung schuldig geblieben. Jutta Bader entwirft in der vorliegenden Arbeit eine dogmatisch fundierte Verletztenstellung, die neben dem Opferschutzanliegen auch die Strafverfolgungs- und Beschuldigteninteressen berücksichtigt.