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Chemistry and Brain Development: Proceedings of the Advanced Study Institute on “Chemistry of Brain Development,” held in Milan, Italy, September 9–19, 1970 (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #13)

J. Folch-Pi Director of Scientific Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Mass., U.S.A. The development of the central nervous system is possibly the most significant aspect of the growth of a mammal from embryo to adulthood. The central nervous system is obviously the main repository not only of the species' inherited functional characteristics but also of the process of individuation. Whatever "engrams" constitute the basis of individual characteristics are laid down mainly in the central nervous system, and especially the brain, during its growth. The chemical aspect of this process IS clearly of great importance and the significance of its study should be self evident. Nevertheless, it is only one aspect of a parel lei series of morphological, physiological, biochemical and psychological events which take place as an integrated process, the final result of which is the transformation of the post-embryonic nervous system into the functioning adult system. It is imperative, therefore, that any study or description of the chemical events during the development of the CNS should be undertaken in ful I awareness of the concomitant morphological, physiological and psychological events. It is only against this multidiscipl inary informational framework that the chemical events during 2 J. FOLCH-PI development can be correctly interpreted and acquire their ful I significance. With this in mind, the introduction to this volume may best serve its purpose by describing briefly the morphological and physiological events that accompany the chemical aspect of development.

Chemistry and Chemical Biology: Methodologies and Applications

This important volume highlights the latest developments and trends in chemistry, biochemistry, and biology. It presents the developments of advanced materials and respective tools to characterize and predict the material properties and behavior. The book provides original, theoretical, and important experimental results that use non-routine method

Chemistry and Cytochemistry of Nucleic Acids and Nuclear Proteins (Protoplasmatologia Cell Biology Monographs #5 / 3a-d)

The field of nucleic acids has grown to such a tremendeous size that it is impossible to include all publications concerning the chemistry and biological role of nucleic acids in an article of the length presented in this "Volume. Therefore, it is necessary to select the most important contributions and those not included "in well-known reviews. In many cases reference is made only to the authors who summarized their specialized field in chapters of the three volumes of "The Nucleic Acids" (edB. E. CHARGAFF and J. N. DAVIDSON, Acad. Press, New York 1955 and 19(0) or to the "Nucleic Acid Outlines" (V. R. POTTER, Burgess Publishing Comp. Minneapolis), where further literature and more detailed discussions may be found. Facts and theories will be dealt with, but not lists of references. Therefore it is not possible to follow in all cases the historical development of an idea and to admowledge all publications which might be important and inter­ esting from another point of view. Very little is mentioned about methods in the field of nucleic acids.

Chemistry and Hygiene of Food Additives (SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science)

This brief addresses important aspects of food additives. Through four chapters, the authors describe the chemistry of food additives, the regulatory classification of additives on a large-scale, the risks involved in using chemicals for food preparation – including implications this has on food hygiene, and case-study examples taken from the dairy industry. More specifically, chapter one provides a list of the technological purposes of food additives defined for European use; chapter two explains the 'General Standards for Food Additives' (Codex Alimentarius Commission) which is a harmonised, workable and indisputable international standard; chapter three describes the use of selected food additives in the dairy sector, particularly with relation to the production of yoghurt products; and chapter four addresses the impact of additives on human health. This brief is of interest to researchers working in the area of food production and international regulation, both in academia and industry.

Chemistry and Hygiene of Food Gases (SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science)

This book focuses on the use of food gases in the food industry, their different applications and their role in food processing, packaging and transportation. Since these gases come into contact with food, they must comply with strict of labeling, purity and hygiene standards in order to ensure food safety.The book discusses various implications of food gases in the food chain, providing examples of how they can be used to limit food waste and losses. The first two chapters examine the classification and role of food gases in Europe, and the third chapter then explores the chemical and physical features of commonly used food gases in the food and food packing industries. The fourth chapter highlights the impact of food gases on human health due to their possible abuse and misuse. This book appeals to researchers and professionals working in food production and quality control.

Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs

While drug therapies developed in the last 50 years have markedly improved the management of some types of cancers, treatment outcomes, and drug side-effects for the most common types remain unacceptable. However, recent technological advances are leading to improved therapies based on targeting distinct biological pathways in cancer cells.

Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs

While drug therapies developed in the last 80 years have markedly improved treatment outcomes and the management of some types of cancers, the lack of effectiveness and side effects associated with the most common treatment types remain unacceptable. However, recent technological advances are leading to improved therapies based on targeting distinct biological pathways in cancer cells. Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs is a comprehensive survey of all families of anticancer agents and therapeutic approaches currently in use or in advanced stages of clinical trials, including biological-based therapies. The book is unique in providing molecular structures for all anticancer agents, discussing them in terms of history of development, chemistry, mechanism of action, structure–function relationships, and pharmacology. It also provides relevant information on side effects, dosing, and formulation. The authors, renowned scientists in cancer research and drug discovery, also provide up-to-date information on the drug discovery process, including discussions of new research tools, tumor-targeting strategies, and fundamental concepts in the relatively new areas of precision medicine and chemoprevention. Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs is an indispensable resource for cancer researchers, medicinal chemists and other biomedical scientists involved in the development of new anticancer therapies. Its breadth of coverage, clear explanations, and illustrations also make it suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in medicine, pharmacy, nursing, dentistry, nutrition, the biomedical sciences, and related disciplines. Key Features: Summarizes the fundamental causes of cancer, modes of treatment, and strategies for cancer drug discovery Brings together a broad spectrum of information relating to the chemistry and pharmacology of all families of anticancer agents and therapies Includes up-to-date information on cutting-edge aspects of cancer treatments such as biomarkers, pharmacogenetics, and pharmacogenomics Features new chapters on the "Evolution of Anticancer Therapies", "Antibody-Based Therapies", and "Cancer Chemoprevention"

Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs

While drug therapies developed in the last 80 years have markedly improved treatment outcomes and the management of some types of cancers, the lack of effectiveness and side effects associated with the most common treatment types remain unacceptable. However, recent technological advances are leading to improved therapies based on targeting distinct biological pathways in cancer cells. Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs is a comprehensive survey of all families of anticancer agents and therapeutic approaches currently in use or in advanced stages of clinical trials, including biological-based therapies. The book is unique in providing molecular structures for all anticancer agents, discussing them in terms of history of development, chemistry, mechanism of action, structure–function relationships, and pharmacology. It also provides relevant information on side effects, dosing, and formulation. The authors, renowned scientists in cancer research and drug discovery, also provide up-to-date information on the drug discovery process, including discussions of new research tools, tumor-targeting strategies, and fundamental concepts in the relatively new areas of precision medicine and chemoprevention. Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs is an indispensable resource for cancer researchers, medicinal chemists and other biomedical scientists involved in the development of new anticancer therapies. Its breadth of coverage, clear explanations, and illustrations also make it suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in medicine, pharmacy, nursing, dentistry, nutrition, the biomedical sciences, and related disciplines. Key Features: Summarizes the fundamental causes of cancer, modes of treatment, and strategies for cancer drug discovery Brings together a broad spectrum of information relating to the chemistry and pharmacology of all families of anticancer agents and therapies Includes up-to-date information on cutting-edge aspects of cancer treatments such as biomarkers, pharmacogenetics, and pharmacogenomics Features new chapters on the "Evolution of Anticancer Therapies", "Antibody-Based Therapies", and "Cancer Chemoprevention"

Chemistry and Pharmacology of Drug Discovery

Case studies of 20 successful FDA-approved drugs, from biological rationale to clinical efficacy studies and state-of-the-art applications Chemistry and Pharmacology of Drug Discovery illustrates how chemistry, biology, pharmacokinetics, and a host of disciplines come together to produce successful medicines, discussing a total of 20 drugs that are all FDA-approved post 2021—some of which are first-in-class and revolutionary. The four sections in this book cover Infectious Disease, Cancer Drugs, CNS Drugs, and Miscellaneous Drugs. Each chapter covers background material on the drug class and/or disease indication and key aspects relevant to the discovery of the drug, including structure-activity relationships, pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, efficacy, and safety. This book is contributed to by various veterans and well-known experts in medical chemistry, many of whom discovered the drugs they reviewed, leading to tremendous quality and depth of insight. Some of the drugs covered in Chemistry and Pharmacology of Drug Discovery include: Nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid with Ritonavir), a 3-chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitor for treating SARS-CoV-2 infectionDoravirine (Pifeltro), a third-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV-1 infectionOteseconazole (Vivjoa), a CYP51 inhibitor for treating recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, and Rimegepant (Nurtec ODT), a CGRP antagonist for treating migraineCiprofol (Cipepofol), a γ-Aminobutyric acid receptor agonist for induction of anesthesia, and Ozanimod (Zeposia), an S1P receptor antagonist for treating multiple sclerosisDeucravacitinib (Sotyktu), a first-in-class deuterated TYK2 inhibitor for the treatment of plaque psoriasis Chemistry and Pharmacology of Drug Discovery serves as an excellent and highly authoritative learning resource for medicinal, organic, synthetic, and process chemists as well as research scientists in lead optimization and process development.

Chemistry and Pharmacology of Drug Discovery

Case studies of 20 successful FDA-approved drugs, from biological rationale to clinical efficacy studies and state-of-the-art applications Chemistry and Pharmacology of Drug Discovery illustrates how chemistry, biology, pharmacokinetics, and a host of disciplines come together to produce successful medicines, discussing a total of 20 drugs that are all FDA-approved post 2021—some of which are first-in-class and revolutionary. The four sections in this book cover Infectious Disease, Cancer Drugs, CNS Drugs, and Miscellaneous Drugs. Each chapter covers background material on the drug class and/or disease indication and key aspects relevant to the discovery of the drug, including structure-activity relationships, pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, efficacy, and safety. This book is contributed to by various veterans and well-known experts in medical chemistry, many of whom discovered the drugs they reviewed, leading to tremendous quality and depth of insight. Some of the drugs covered in Chemistry and Pharmacology of Drug Discovery include: Nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid with Ritonavir), a 3-chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitor for treating SARS-CoV-2 infectionDoravirine (Pifeltro), a third-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV-1 infectionOteseconazole (Vivjoa), a CYP51 inhibitor for treating recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, and Rimegepant (Nurtec ODT), a CGRP antagonist for treating migraineCiprofol (Cipepofol), a γ-Aminobutyric acid receptor agonist for induction of anesthesia, and Ozanimod (Zeposia), an S1P receptor antagonist for treating multiple sclerosisDeucravacitinib (Sotyktu), a first-in-class deuterated TYK2 inhibitor for the treatment of plaque psoriasis Chemistry and Pharmacology of Drug Discovery serves as an excellent and highly authoritative learning resource for medicinal, organic, synthetic, and process chemists as well as research scientists in lead optimization and process development.

Chemistry and Properties of Biomolecular Systems (Topics in Molecular Organization and Engineering #8)

Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects

Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects demonstrates the progress and promise of developing new chemical substances from renewable sources of chemical raw materials. The volume brings together new achievements in the field of research and processing of plant raw materials and the synthesis of natural compounds for the production of biologically active substances and drugs. The volume looks closely at the rational use of renewable raw materials, which is the source of new compounds and intermediates for the chemical industry. It covers a wide range of problems associated with the use of the components of plants to produce new substances with a wide variety of purposes. According to the latest estimates, plants form about a million chemical substances. In some cases, plant products have pharmacological or biological activity that can be of therapeutic benefit in treating diseases. In addition, due to the structural diversity of plant material, chemical synthesis is easily reachable. Synthetic analogs of natural products with improved potency and safety can be prepared by chemical synthesis. Such synthetic analogs are safer for humans. Plant materials are often used as starting points for drug discovery. Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects presents the theoretical trends and recent practical achievements on complex processing of plant-based raw materials. Low molecular weight components, isolated from plant material, are widely used in fine organic synthesis. High molecular weight polysaccharides of conifers and other greens, such as pectin and hemicellulose, are the basis for the creation of anticoagulants and other drugs. The range of research papers presented in the book is quite wide: from fundamental and applied problems of wood chemistry and organic synthesis to biological activity of natural compounds. The book provides valuable information for those skilled in organic chemistry, chemical engineers, researchers and scientists as well as for faculty and upper-level students. This volume, Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects, was created on the initiative of Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and the Institute of Chemistry of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar).

Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects

Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects demonstrates the progress and promise of developing new chemical substances from renewable sources of chemical raw materials. The volume brings together new achievements in the field of research and processing of plant raw materials and the synthesis of natural compounds for the production of biologically active substances and drugs. The volume looks closely at the rational use of renewable raw materials, which is the source of new compounds and intermediates for the chemical industry. It covers a wide range of problems associated with the use of the components of plants to produce new substances with a wide variety of purposes. According to the latest estimates, plants form about a million chemical substances. In some cases, plant products have pharmacological or biological activity that can be of therapeutic benefit in treating diseases. In addition, due to the structural diversity of plant material, chemical synthesis is easily reachable. Synthetic analogs of natural products with improved potency and safety can be prepared by chemical synthesis. Such synthetic analogs are safer for humans. Plant materials are often used as starting points for drug discovery. Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects presents the theoretical trends and recent practical achievements on complex processing of plant-based raw materials. Low molecular weight components, isolated from plant material, are widely used in fine organic synthesis. High molecular weight polysaccharides of conifers and other greens, such as pectin and hemicellulose, are the basis for the creation of anticoagulants and other drugs. The range of research papers presented in the book is quite wide: from fundamental and applied problems of wood chemistry and organic synthesis to biological activity of natural compounds. The book provides valuable information for those skilled in organic chemistry, chemical engineers, researchers and scientists as well as for faculty and upper-level students. This volume, Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances: Chemical and Biochemical Aspects, was created on the initiative of Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and the Institute of Chemistry of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar).

Chemistry and Technology of the Cosmetics and Toiletries Industry: First Edition

Organized on a product category basis, this volume provides an up-to-date review of the cosmetics and toiletries industry in a readily digestible form. Authors discuss the rationale of raw materials selection, the formulation and development of products that meet the demands of an international market place, product performances, and safety and quality aspects.

Chemistry and Technology of the Cosmetics and Toiletries Industry: Second Edition

This second edition has been designed to monitor the progress in develop­ ment over the past few years and to build on the information given in the first edition. It has been extensively revised and updated. My thanks go to all who have contributed to this work. D.F.W. May 1996 Preface to the first edition This book is the result of a group of development scientists feeling that there was an urgent need for a reference work that would assist chemists in understanding the science involved in the development of new products. The approach is to inform in a way that allows and encourages the reader to develop his or her own creativity in working with marketing colleagues on the introduction of new products. Organised on a product category basis, emphasis is placed on formulation, selection of raw materials, and the technology of producing the products discussed. Performance considerations, safety, product liability and all aspects of quality are covered. Regulations governing the production and sale of cosmetic products internationally are described, and sources for updated information provided. Throughout the book, reference is made to consumer pressure and environmental issues-concerns which the development scientist and his or her marketing counterpart ignore at their own, and their employer's peril. In recent years, many cosmetic fragrances and toiletry products have been converted from aerosols to mechanically press uri sed products or sprays, and these are described along with foam products such as hair conditioning mousses.

Chemistry at the Beginning of the Third Millennium: Molecular Design, Supramolecules, Nanotechnology and Beyond

This Volume is based on the Lectures presented at the Meeting "Chemistry at the Beginning of the Third Millennium", wh ich was held in Pavia, Italy, during the period 7-10 October, 1999. The Meeting involved the participation of scientists from German and ltalian Universities of the 'Coimbra Group'. The 'Coimbra Group', wh ich was founded in 1987, gathers the most ancient and prestigious European Universities, with the aim to promote initiatives in both research and teaching and to provide guidelines for the progress and development of the University system. German and Italian Universities within the Coimbra Group propose every year a theme for scientific discussion, which originates a Meeting to be held in a German or Italian University. The Meeting in Pavia was the fifth of the series and followed those of Bologna (1995), Jena (1996), Siena (1997), Heidelberg (1998). Each Meeting is centred on a topic from either humanistic or natural sciences and consists in aseries of lectures presented by distinguished scientists from the six participanting Universities. For the Pavia Meeting, the Steering Committee chose Chemistry as the topic and gathered researchers with experience in almost all fields of chemistry. In particular, during the Meeting, lectures were presented on many up-to-date subjects of chemistry, including: materials science, superconductors, supramolecular chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, fullerenes, liquid crystals, photoinduced electron transfer, etc. The different topics were covered by distinguished and renown researchers of the various fields.

Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide (Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology #230)

This book puts hydrogen sulfide in context with other gaseous mediators such as nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, reviews the available mechanisms for its biosynthesis and describes its physiological and pathophysiological roles in a wide variety of disease states. Hydrogen sulfide has recently been discovered to be a naturally occurring gaseous mediator in the body. Over a relatively short period of time this evanescent gas has been revealed to play key roles in a range of physiological processes including control of blood vessel caliber and hence blood pressure and in the regulation of nerve function both in the brain and the periphery. Disorders concerning the biosynthesis or activity of hydrogen sulfide may also predispose the body to disease states such as inflammation, cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Interest in this novel gas has been high in recent years and many research groups worldwide have described its individual biological effects. Moreover, medicinal chemists are beginning to synthesize novel organic molecules that release this gas at defined rates with a view to exploiting these new compounds for therapeutic benefit.

The Chemistry Companion

Like the author's other companion books, The Chemistry Companion provides-high quality information in unique one-page-per-topic presentations that do not overburden and distract with excessive details. The book offers concise summaries of general chemistry concepts, easily accessible in a convenient, reader-friendly format.Suitable as an introducti

Chemistry for Sustainable Development in Africa

Chemistry for Sustainable Development in Africa gives an insight into current Chemical research in Africa. It is edited and written by distinguished African scientists and includes contributions from Chemists from Northern, Southern, Western, Eastern, Central and Island state African Countries. The core themes embrace the most pressing issues of our time, including Environmental Chemistry, Renewable Energies, Health and Human Well-Being, Food and Nutrition, and Bioprospecting and Commercial Development. This book is invaluable for teaching and research institutes in Africa and worldwide, private sector entities dealing with natural products from Africa, as well as policy and decision-making bodies and non-governmental organizations.

Chemistry for the Life Sciences: (pdf)

Chemistry for the Life Sciences

Presents short topics tied to numerical or conceptual ideas, reinforced with worked examples and questions Retaining the user-friendly style of the first edition, this text is designed to eliminate the knowledge gap for those life sciences students who have not studied chemistry at an advanced level. It contains new chapters on - �

Chemistry in 17th-Century New England (SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science)

This book explores the lively chemistry culture that arose during the 17th century in Colonial New England. This was chiefly due to the efforts of John Winthrop, Jr. who brought both chemical knowledge and the largest library of chemical books in the New World to Boston. He founded towns, such as Ipswich and New London, and industrial enterprises, such as salt works and ironworks, while also serving as the primary source of Paracelsian medicines, which led him to become the most famous physician in Colonial New England. Moreover, the book covers topics such as the founding of Harvard College, and the life and works of Cotton Mather, especially Magnalia Christi Americana, one of the most important vanity volumes in the history of scholarly publication.

Chemistry of Antibiotics and Related Drugs

This textbook discusses how the various types of antibiotics and related drugs work to cure infections. Then it delves into the very serious matter of how bacteria are becoming resistant to these antibiotics. Appropriate for a one-semester course at either the graduate or advanced undergraduate level, this textbook contains worked examples of (1) experimental procedures and (2) interpreting data.

Chemistry of Antibiotics and Related Drugs

This textbook builds on the success of the earlier edition, offering alternative strategies for discovering new antibiotics. It discusses how the various types of antibiotics and related drugs work to cure infections. Then it delves into the very serious matter of how bacteria are becoming resistant to these antibiotics. It also covers the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance from the World Health Organization and discusses several Antibiotic Stewardship Programs adopted by agencies at local levels. Appropriate for a one-semester course at either the graduate or advanced undergraduate level, the book is self-contained and written in accessible language. It includes all necessary background biochemistry material and a discussion of the latest developments in the field of antibiotics. Original research works are frequently cited and experimental procedures and interpretation of results are emphasized.

The Chemistry of Antitumour Agents

Walter C. J. ROSS Emeritus Professor, University of London To paraphrase a statement made by Howard E. Skipper many years ago, 'We cancer chemotherapists have often exploited and overworked our chemist colleagues and they have been conveniently forgotten at award giving times'. This book is an attempt to rectify this and highlight the contribution of the chemist in modifying the structure of various types of agent to enhance their effectiveness as inhibitors of the growth of neoplastic tissues. Cancer chemotherapy is a relatively new discipline, coming later than the introduction of sulphonamides and antibiotics. Modern anti-cancer therapy started with the report of the use of a war gas methyl-di-(2-chloroethyl)amine (HN2) in 1946 for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease. The recognition that this compound acted as a bifunctional alkylating agent under physiological conditions led to the synthesis of a wide range of drugs with similar properties. Amongst these were chlorambucil, melphalan, busulphan, and cyclophos­ phamide which still find use today. Somewhat later, a range of antibiotics was found to be effective, for example aminopterin (1948) and 6-mercaptopurine (1958) to treat acute leukaemias and 5-fluorouracil and 6-azauracil (1957-8) which were used against a variety of cancers. Since these early days the net has been cast ever wider and, as well as ingenious modifications of the compounds mentioned above, anticancer drugs now include growing classes of compounds ranging from purely synthetic agents to natural products. Many of these are discussed in the present book.