- Table View
- List View
Classic Radiologic Signs: An Atlas and History
by M.E. MulliganThis book illustrates 100 classic radiologic signs with radiograms alongside illustrative photographs for memory aids and clarification. Accompanying text explains the history and meaning of the descriptive name. The entry for "dromedary hump," for example, shows a typical x-ray of this condition with a photograph of a dromedary camel that clearly shows how the name fits the sign. Dr. Mulligan says, "In honor of the 100th anniversary of Roentgen's discovery, this book illustrates and elaborates on the history of 100 of the more classic radiologic signs. If we are to use these terms with full understanding, we must have the ability to visualize the object depicted by the term, imagine its radiographic appearance, and transfer that picture to the radiographic image before us. This book is intended to help practitioners and students of our art accomplish that task."
Classical and Adaptive Clinical Trial Designs Using ExpDesign Studio
by Mark ChangExpDesign Studio facilitates more efficient clinical trial design This book introduces pharmaceutical statisticians, scientists, researchers, and others to ExpDesign Studio software for classical and adaptive designs of clinical trials. It includes the Professional Version 5.0 of ExpDesign Studio software that frees pharmaceutical professionals to focus on drug development and related challenges while the software handles the essential calculations and computations. After a hands-on introduction to the software and an overview of clinical trial designs encompassing numerous variations, Classical and Adaptive Clinical Trial Designs Using ExpDesign Studio: Covers both classical and adaptive clinical trial designs, monitoring, and analyses Explains various classical and adaptive designs including groupsequential, sample-size reestimation, dropping-loser, biomarker-adaptive, and response-adaptive randomization designs Includes instructions for over 100 design methods that have been implemented in ExpDesign Studio and step-by-step demos as well as real-world examples Emphasizes applications, yet covers key mathematical formulations Introduces readers to additional toolkits in ExpDesign Studio that help in designing, monitoring, and analyzing trials, such as the adaptive monitor, graphical calculator, the probability calculator, the confidence interval calculator, and more Presents comprehensive technique notes for sample-size calculation methods, grouped by the number of arms, the trial endpoint, and the analysis basis Written with practitioners in mind, this is an ideal self-study guide for not only statisticians, but also scientists, researchers, and professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, contract research organizations (CROs), and regulatory bodies. It's also a go-to reference for biostatisticians, pharmacokinetic specialists, and principal investigators involved in clinical trials. ERRATUM Classical and Adaptive Clinical Trial Designs Using ExpDesign Studio By Mark Chang The license for the ExpDesign Studio software on the CD included with this book is good for one-year after installation of the software. Prior to the expiration of this period, the software will generate a reminder about renewal for the license. The user should contact CTriSoft International (the owners of ExpDesign Studio) at www.CTriSoft.net or by email at license@ctrisoft.net, about renewal for the license. This should have been made clear in the first printing of this book. We apologize for this error.
Classical and Adaptive Clinical Trial Designs Using ExpDesign Studio
by Mark ChangExpDesign Studio facilitates more efficient clinical trial design This book introduces pharmaceutical statisticians, scientists, researchers, and others to ExpDesign Studio software for classical and adaptive designs of clinical trials. It includes the Professional Version 5.0 of ExpDesign Studio software that frees pharmaceutical professionals to focus on drug development and related challenges while the software handles the essential calculations and computations. After a hands-on introduction to the software and an overview of clinical trial designs encompassing numerous variations, Classical and Adaptive Clinical Trial Designs Using ExpDesign Studio: Covers both classical and adaptive clinical trial designs, monitoring, and analyses Explains various classical and adaptive designs including groupsequential, sample-size reestimation, dropping-loser, biomarker-adaptive, and response-adaptive randomization designs Includes instructions for over 100 design methods that have been implemented in ExpDesign Studio and step-by-step demos as well as real-world examples Emphasizes applications, yet covers key mathematical formulations Introduces readers to additional toolkits in ExpDesign Studio that help in designing, monitoring, and analyzing trials, such as the adaptive monitor, graphical calculator, the probability calculator, the confidence interval calculator, and more Presents comprehensive technique notes for sample-size calculation methods, grouped by the number of arms, the trial endpoint, and the analysis basis Written with practitioners in mind, this is an ideal self-study guide for not only statisticians, but also scientists, researchers, and professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, contract research organizations (CROs), and regulatory bodies. It's also a go-to reference for biostatisticians, pharmacokinetic specialists, and principal investigators involved in clinical trials. ERRATUM Classical and Adaptive Clinical Trial Designs Using ExpDesign Studio By Mark Chang The license for the ExpDesign Studio software on the CD included with this book is good for one-year after installation of the software. Prior to the expiration of this period, the software will generate a reminder about renewal for the license. The user should contact CTriSoft International (the owners of ExpDesign Studio) at www.CTriSoft.net or by email at license@ctrisoft.net, about renewal for the license. This should have been made clear in the first printing of this book. We apologize for this error.
Classical Swine Fever and Related Viral Infections (Developments in Veterinary Virology #5)
by B. LiessThe history of research on hog cholera (HC)/classical swine fever (CSF) can be roughly divided into three phases which are characterized by the methods available at the time for demonstrati ng the causati ve agent. Phase covered the period before the viral etiology of HC was discovered by de Schweinitz and Dorset (1904)*. Thereafter (Phase II) the detection of HC virus (HCV) was accomplished by laborious, time-consuming and costly pig inoculation experiments. This explains the extensive search for methods not only for detection but also for accurate infectivity titration as well as for applicable serological techniques to solve urgent problems concerning the pathogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology and prophylaxis of HC. It was not before the late fifties that HC research entered Phase III when fluorescent antibody techniques offered not only the means for detection and titration of HCV in porcine cell cultures but also for more intensive research on hog cholera and its virus. And yet, there are a number of questions to be answered, e. g. on the genetic and antigenic relation of HCV to bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus. There are indications that Phase IV of HC research will bear the stamp of biotechnology. In view of this development it appears appropriate to give an up-dating and summarizing account of HC/CSF including comparative aspects of infections caused by structurally related viruses. The editIon of the present volume would have been impossible without the cooperation of several known scientists who instantly agreed when asked for contribution.
Classics in Clinical Dermatology with Biographical Sketches, 50th Anniversary
by Walter B. Shelley John Thorne CrisseyThis second edition of the popular Classics in Clinical Dermatology with Biographical Sketches, first published in 1953, has been expanded considerably. Compiled and edited by two of the most acknowledged figures in dermatology over the past half-century, this new edition contains the complete contents of the first edition--95 authors, from 21 countries, and the world literature of the preceding 150 years --plus about 30 new classic papers that have appeared in the past 50 years. The diseases depicted vary from daily clinical fare to the rarest of the rare. Some are case reports, while others are the fruit of countless hours in the meticulous study of many patients.
Classics in Clinical Dermatology with Biographical Sketches, 50th Anniversary
by Walter B. Shelley John Thorne CrisseyThis second edition of the popular Classics in Clinical Dermatology with Biographical Sketches, first published in 1953, has been expanded considerably. Compiled and edited by two of the most acknowledged figures in dermatology over the past half-century, this new edition contains the complete contents of the first edition--95 authors, from 21 countries, and the world literature of the preceding 150 years --plus about 30 new classic papers that have appeared in the past 50 years. The diseases depicted vary from daily clinical fare to the rarest of the rare. Some are case reports, while others are the fruit of countless hours in the meticulous study of many patients.
Classification and Examples of Differential Equations and their Applications (Mathematics and Physics for Science and Technology)
by Luis Manuel Braga da Costa CamposClassification and Examples of Differential Equations and their Applications is the sixth book within Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications to Trajectories and Vibrations, Six-volume Set. As a set, they are the fourth volume in the series Mathematics and Physics Applied to Science and Technology. This sixth book consists of one chapter (chapter 10 of the set). It contains 20 examples related to the preceding five books and chapters 1 to 9 of the set. It includes two recollections: the first with a classification of differential equations into 500 standards and the second with a list of 500 applications. The ordinary differential equations are classified in 500 standards concerning methods of solution and related properties, including: (i) linear differential equations with constant or homogeneous coefficients and finite difference equations; (ii) linear and non-linear single differential equations and simultaneous systems; (iii) existence, unicity and other properties; (iv) derivation of general, particular, special, analytic, regular, irregular, and normal integrals; (v) linear differential equations with variable coefficients including known and new special functions. The theory of differential equations is applied to the detailed solution of 500 physical and engineering problems including: (i) one- and multidimensional oscillators, with damping or amplification, with non-resonant or resonant forcing; (ii) single, non-linear, and parametric resonance; (iii) bifurcations and chaotic dynamical systems; (iv) longitudinal and transversal deformations and buckling of bars, beams, and plates; (v) trajectories of particles; (vi) oscillations and waves in non-uniform media, ducts, and wave guides. Provides detailed solution of examples of differential equations of the types covered in tomes l-5 of the set (Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications to Trajectories and Vibrations, Six -volume Set) Includes physical and engineering problems that extend those presented in the tomes 1-6 (Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications to Trajectories and Vibrations, Six-volume Set) Includes a classification of ordinary differential equations and their properties into 500 standards that can serve as a look-up table of methods of solution Covers a recollection of 500 physical and engineering problems and sub-cases that involve the solution of differential equations Presents the problems used as examples including formulation, solution, and interpretation of results
Classification and Examples of Differential Equations and their Applications (Mathematics and Physics for Science and Technology)
by Luis Manuel Braga da Costa CamposClassification and Examples of Differential Equations and their Applications is the sixth book within Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications to Trajectories and Vibrations, Six-volume Set. As a set, they are the fourth volume in the series Mathematics and Physics Applied to Science and Technology. This sixth book consists of one chapter (chapter 10 of the set). It contains 20 examples related to the preceding five books and chapters 1 to 9 of the set. It includes two recollections: the first with a classification of differential equations into 500 standards and the second with a list of 500 applications. The ordinary differential equations are classified in 500 standards concerning methods of solution and related properties, including: (i) linear differential equations with constant or homogeneous coefficients and finite difference equations; (ii) linear and non-linear single differential equations and simultaneous systems; (iii) existence, unicity and other properties; (iv) derivation of general, particular, special, analytic, regular, irregular, and normal integrals; (v) linear differential equations with variable coefficients including known and new special functions. The theory of differential equations is applied to the detailed solution of 500 physical and engineering problems including: (i) one- and multidimensional oscillators, with damping or amplification, with non-resonant or resonant forcing; (ii) single, non-linear, and parametric resonance; (iii) bifurcations and chaotic dynamical systems; (iv) longitudinal and transversal deformations and buckling of bars, beams, and plates; (v) trajectories of particles; (vi) oscillations and waves in non-uniform media, ducts, and wave guides. Provides detailed solution of examples of differential equations of the types covered in tomes l-5 of the set (Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications to Trajectories and Vibrations, Six -volume Set) Includes physical and engineering problems that extend those presented in the tomes 1-6 (Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications to Trajectories and Vibrations, Six-volume Set) Includes a classification of ordinary differential equations and their properties into 500 standards that can serve as a look-up table of methods of solution Covers a recollection of 500 physical and engineering problems and sub-cases that involve the solution of differential equations Presents the problems used as examples including formulation, solution, and interpretation of results
Classification and Knowledge Organization: Proceedings of the 20th Annual Conference of the Gesellschaft für Klassifikation e.V., University of Freiburg, March 6–8, 1996 (Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization)
by Rüdiger Klar Otto OpitzLarge collections of data and information necessitate adequate methods for their analysis. The book presents such methods, proposes and discusses recent approaches and implementations and describes a series of practical applications.
Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses: Fifth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Virology Division of the International Union of Microbiological Societies (Archives of Virology. Supplementa #2)
by R. I. B. Francki C. M. Fauquet D. L. Knudson F. BrownThe Fifth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), summarizes the proceedings and decisions reached by the ICTV at its meetings held at the International Congresses of Virology in Sendai (1984), Edmonton (1987) and Berlin (1990). This report has been organized in the same way as the previous ones (Wildy, 1971; Fenner, 1976; Matthews, 1979; 1982), yet it encompasses many more families and groups of viruses than previous reports, and it includes new tables, diagrams and keys. The officers and members of the ICTV study groups from 1984 to 1990 are listed, as the current ICTV statutes and rules of nomenclature. Information on the format for submission of new taxonomic proposals to the ICTV is also provided. Since the Fourth Report of the ICTV (1982), 19 new virus families and groups have been described. This report includes 2,430 viruses belonging to 73 families or groups, as well as virus satellites and viroids descriptions, but it does not include descriptions not approved by the ICTV. It now will be possible to publish such preliminary, and in some cases controversial, descriptions in the Virology Division pages of the Archives of Virology --this will allow virologists to carry on the kind of interim dialogue that is necessary for arriving at broad agreement on taxonomic matters.
Classification, Clustering, and Data Mining Applications: Proceedings of the Meeting of the International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 15–18 July 2004 (Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization)
by David Banks Wolfgang A. Gaul Leanna House Frederick R. McMorris Phipps ArabieThis volume describes new methods with special emphasis on classification and cluster analysis. These methods are applied to problems in information retrieval, phylogeny, medical diagnosis, microarrays, and other active research areas.
Classification, Disease and Evidence: New Essays in the Philosophy of Medicine (History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences #7)
by Philippe Huneman Gérard Lambert Marc SilbersteinThis anthology of essays presents a sample of studies from recent philosophy of medicine addressing issues which attempt to answer very general (interdependent) questions: (a) what is a disease and what is health? (b) How do we (causally) explain diseases? (c) And how do we distinguish diseases, i.e. define classes of diseases and recognize that an instance X of disease belongs to a given class B? (d) How do we assess and choose cure/ therapy?The book is divided into three sections: classification, disease and evidence. In general, attention is focused on statistics in medicine and epidemiology, issues in psychiatry and connecting medicine with evolutionary biology and genetics. Many authors position the theories that they address within their historical contexts.The nature of health and disease will be addressed in several essays that also touch upon very general questions about the definition of medicine and its status. Several chapters scrutinize classification because of its centrality within philosophical problems raised by medicine and its core position in the philosophical questioning of psychiatry. Specificities of medical explanation have recently come under a new light, particularly because of the rise of statistical methods and several chapters investigate these methods in specific contexts such as epidemiology or meta-analysis of random testing. Taken together this collection addresses the question of how we gather, use and assess evidence for various medical theories.The rich assortment of disciplines featured also includes epidemiology, parasitology and public health, while technical aspects such as the application of game theory to medical research and the misuse of the DSM in forensic psychiatry are also given an airing. The book addresses more than the construction of medical knowledge, however, adding cogent appraisal of the processes of decision making in medicine and the protocols used to justify therapeutic choices.
Classification in BioApps: Automation of Decision Making (Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics #26)
by Nilanjan Dey Amira S. Ashour Surekha BorraThis book on classification in biomedical image applications presents original and valuable research work on advances in this field, which covers the taxonomy of both supervised and unsupervised models, standards, algorithms, applications and challenges.Further, the book highlights recent scientific research on artificial neural networks in biomedical applications, addressing the fundamentals of artificial neural networks, support vector machines and other advanced classifiers, as well as their design and optimization.In addition to exploring recent endeavours in the multidisciplinary domain of sensors, the book introduces readers to basic definitions and features, signal filters and processing, biomedical sensors and automation of biomeasurement systems. The target audience includes researchers and students at engineering and medical schools, researchers and engineers in the biomedical industry, medical doctors and healthcare professionals.
Classification of Brain Tumours / Die Klassifikation der Hirntumoren: Report of the International Symposium at Cologne 30th August — 1st September 1961 / Bericht Über das Internationale Symposion in Köln vom 30. August bis 1. September 1961 (Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement #10)
by K. J. Zülch and A. L. WoolfThe report which follows constitutes the proceedings of a sym posium on the classification of brain tumours held in Cologne in 1961. It contains the contributions and discussions reported as far' as possible in a word-for-word manner, in the hope not only of providing out of the thoughts of the participants stimulation for further research, but also to indicate the atmosphere which prevailed during the symposium in which many completely opposed views were able to be expressed without any feeling of embarrassment. This freedom of expression is already obvious in the discussion of a proposed classification of brain tumours for the Unio Internationalis Contra Cancrum (UICC). The symposium endeavoured here to pro duce a positive criticism in order to arrive at a significant and practical conclusion viz a general, internationally acceptable classi fication. It was necessary to accept a degree of compromise even if the classification suggested did not in every point correspond to all the personal views of the various participants. The second part of the symposium was concerned with a critical discussion of numerous brain tumour problems, for example the scientific delineation of tumour groups; the discussion was started by general reviews on the biology of brain tumours so that the later discussion could cover as wide a ground as possibly. Here also we all felt that a great stimulus for future work arose from the discussion.
Classification of Endogenous Psychoses and their Differentiated Etiology
by Karl LeonhardBased on sophisticated clinical descriptions and characteristic symptom patters occurring during the long-term course of psychiatric diseases, Leonhards classification requires that all the clinical features fit for a diagnosis to be made. Always using his own life-long case studies, Leonhard divided the endogenous psychoses into five main nosological groups: on the one hand, the prognostically favourable unipolar affective psychoses, bipolar affective psychoses and cycloid psychoses, and, on the other hand, the prognostically unfavourable unsystematic and systematic schizophrenia. In the meantime, the reliability and validity of this classification have been confirmed by scientific studies and early results provide guidelines for the different origins and varied therapeutic approaches for the specific disease profiles.
Classification Techniques for Medical Image Analysis and Computer Aided Diagnosis (ISSN #Volume 4)
by Nilanjan DeyClassification Techniques for Medical Image Analysis and Computer Aided Diagnosis covers the most current advances on how to apply classification techniques to a wide variety of clinical applications that are appropriate for researchers and biomedical engineers in the areas of machine learning, deep learning, data analysis, data management and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems design. The book covers several complex image classification problems using pattern recognition methods, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Bayesian Networks (BN) and deep learning. Further, numerous data mining techniques are discussed, as they have proven to be good classifiers for medical images. Examines the methodology of classification of medical images that covers the taxonomy of both supervised and unsupervised models, algorithms, applications and challengesDiscusses recent advances in Artificial Neural Networks, machine learning, and deep learning in clinical applicationsIntroduces several techniques for medical image processing and analysis for CAD systems design
Classifications and Lists in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
by Alexander Goodson Mohammad Sarwar Umar Rehman Peter A. BrennanThis book contains a concise collection of the most important oral and maxillofacial surgery classifications and lists. Such classifications help to describe diseases in a comprehensible, measurable, validated and reproducible manner and are the first step towards a systematic approach for treating specific conditions. Elsewhere in this book, lists provide clinical guidance on key subspecialty topics.Using subdivisions such as trauma, head and neck cancer, and orthognathic surgery, this is a succinct and easy-to-use guide for the head and neck clinician.Used as a reference tool, this book will be a valuable resource for both the surgical trainee and those working in ward rounds and outpatient clinics, or before surgery.
Classifications and Lists in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
by Alexander Goodson Mohammad Sarwar Umar Rehman Peter A. BrennanThis book contains a concise collection of the most important oral and maxillofacial surgery classifications and lists. Such classifications help to describe diseases in a comprehensible, measurable, validated and reproducible manner and are the first step towards a systematic approach for treating specific conditions. Elsewhere in this book, lists provide clinical guidance on key subspecialty topics.Using subdivisions such as trauma, head and neck cancer, and orthognathic surgery, this is a succinct and easy-to-use guide for the head and neck clinician.Used as a reference tool, this book will be a valuable resource for both the surgical trainee and those working in ward rounds and outpatient clinics, or before surgery.
Classifications and Scores of the Shoulder
by Peter Habermeyer Petra Magosch Sven LichtenbergThis is the first single reference of classifications and scores of the shoulder. It gives a clearly structured, well-defined compendium of classifications and scores of the shoulder for use in everyday clinical life to improve and simplify the communication between physicians and physiotherapists. It is the first single reference of classifications and scores of the shoulder. The book is for orthopedic and trauma surgeons, radiologists, and physiotherapists.
Classifications et scores en chirurgie orthopédique et en traumatologie: II. Membre supérieur et pied (Collection GECO)
by Emmanuel Favreul Didier MainardCe livre des classifications en chirurgie orthopédique et en traumatologie se veut un manuel pratique à consulter, chaque fois que l’on veut comparer des résultats, évaluer et comprendre les indications thérapeutiques.Nous n’avons à dessein pas voulu être exhaustifs, ce qui eût été mission impossible, étant donné les nombreux scores et classifications qui se sont développés au fil du temps, tenant compte essentiellement des progrès diagnostiques et thérapeutiques. Chaque fois qu’une nouvelle technique simplifie le traitement, des pans entiers de classifications deviennent obsolètes, mais seulement pour ceux qui ont l’opportunité d’utiliser ces nouvelles méthodes. Un devoir d’historien persiste donc, qui doit permettre à tous de ranger leurs cas en utilisant soit les classifications up to date, soit en restant plus classique.Les scores d’évaluation fonctionnelle ont acquis leur maturité, sont devenus consensuels et, grâce aux groupes de travail des sociétés savantes, sont moins liés à une personnalité ou à une école chirurgicale.L’évaluation a toujours accompagné la pratique chirurgicale. Les chirurgiens doivent connaître ces classifications, non seulement pour rester en règle avec la loi, mais surtout pour rester maîtres de leurs indications.Le premier tome de ces Classifications et scores en chirurgie orthopédique et en traumatologie est consacré aux classifications du rachis, de la hanche et du genou. Le deuxième tome couvre le membre supérieur et le pied.Ces livres se trouveront avec bonheur entre les mains aussi bien des plus chevronnés d’entre nous, mais qui peuvent avoirparfois une hésitation et vouloir vérifier un point particulier, qu’entre celles de nos jeunes collègues, qui sont parfois victimes d’une forme de pensée unique et découvriront ainsi d’autres horizons.
Classifications et scores en chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique: I. Hanche, Genou, Rachis (Collection GECO)
by Emmanuel Favreul Alain Dambreville Gérard Gacon Pierre KehrCe livre des classifications et des scores en orthopédie et en traumatologie se veut un manuel pratique à consulter. Nous n’avons pas voulu être exhaustifs; ce qui eut été de toute manière impossible vu l'important développement des scores et classifications de ces dernières décennies. Chaque fois qu’une nouvelle technique apparaît et simplifie les traitements, des pans entiers de classifications deviennent obsolètes. Un devoir d’historien persiste donc, qui doit permettre à chacun, selon le cas considéré, d'utiliser, soit des classifications «up to date», soit de rester dans des catégories plus classiques. Ce premier tome est consacré aux classifications du rachis, de la hanche et du genou. Il se trouvera avec bonheur entre les mains aussi bien des plus chevronnés qui peuvent parfois avoir une hésitation et vouloir vérifier un point particulier , qu’entre celles de nos jeunes collègues, qui sont parfois victimes d’une forme de pensée unique et souhaitent découvrir d’autres horizons.
A Classified Bibliography of the History of Dutch Medicine 1900–1974
by G.A. LindeboomI. In some periods of the past Netherlands medicine has played a major role in the evolution of European medicine; today its history still enjoys much in terest even at the other side of the Ocean. In this bibliography it has been my endeavour to compile references for all that has been written on the history of Dutch medicine in our country and elsewhere in our age. The main concern of this work is with the medicine of the Northern Nether lands. However, before the end ofthe sixteenth century the Northern and South ern Netherlands were not yet divided into two separate countries; they were still politically one and for the greater part spoke the same Flemish language. So be fore their separation the present-day Belgium and Netherlands also had a com mon medical history. Therefore many entries have been included which bear on early (and sometimes later) Flemish medicine, but it has not been the inten tion to strive for completeness in this respect.
A Classified Bibliography of the History of Dutch Medicine 1900–1974
by G.A. LindeboomI. In some periods of the past Netherlands medicine has played a major role in the evolution of European medicine; today its history still enjoys much in terest even at the other side of the Ocean. In this bibliography it has been my endeavour to compile references for all that has been written on the history of Dutch medicine in our country and elsewhere in our age. The main concern of this work is with the medicine of the Northern Nether lands. However, before the end of the sixteenth century the Northern and South ern Netherlands were not yet divided into two separate countries; they were still politically one and for the greater part spoke the same Flemish language. So be fore their separation the present-day Belgium and Netherlands also had a com mon medical history. Therefore many entries have been included which bear on early (and sometimes later) Flemish medicine, but it has not been the inten tion to strive for completeness in this respect.
Classifying Madness: A Philosophical Examination of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Philosophy and Medicine #86)
by Rachel CooperThis book is about the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, more commonly known as the D.S.M. The D.S.M. is published by the American Psychiatric Association and aims to list and describe all mental disorders. Within its pages can be found diagnostic criteria for types of depression, types of schizophrenia, eating disorders, anxiety disorders, phobias, sleeping disorders, and so on. Also included are less familiar, and more controversial, conditions: Mathematics Disorder, Caffeine Intoxication, Nicotine Dependence, Nightmare Disorder. It must be admitted that the D.S.M. is not an exciting read. Its pages follow a standard format: Each disorder has a numerical code. This is followed by a description of the disorder, which includes information regarding prevalence, course, and differential diagnosis. Finally explicit criteria that patients must meet to receive the diagnosis are listed. These generally include lists of the symptoms that must be present, restrictions as to the length of time that the symptoms must have been troublesome, and clauses that state that the symptoms must not be better accounted for by some other condition.
The Claustrum: Structural, Functional, and Clinical Neuroscience
by V. S. Ramachandran John Smythies Lawrence EdelsteinThe present day is witnessing an explosion of our understanding of how the brain works at all levels, in which complexity is piled on complexity, and mechanisms of astonishing elegance are being continually discovered. This process is most developed in the major areas of the brain, such as the cortex, thalamus, and striatum. The Claustrum instead focuses on a small, remote, and, until recently, relatively unknown area of the brain. In recent years, researchers have come to believe that the claustrum is concerned with consciousness, a bold hypothesis supported by the claustrum’s two-way connections with nearly every other region of the brain and its seeming involvement with multisensory integrations—the hallmark of consciousness. The claustrum, previously in a humble position at the back of the stage, might in fact be the conductor of the brain’s orchestra. The Claustrum brings together leading experts on the claustrum from the varied disciplines of neuroscience, providing a state-of-the-art presentation of what is currently known about the claustrum, promising lines of current research (including epigenetics), and projections of new lines of investigation on the horizon.Develops a unifying hypothesis about the claustrum’s role in consciousness, as well as the integration of sensory information and other higher brain functionsDiscusses the involvement of the claustrum with autism, schizophrenia, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s diseaseCoverage of all aspects of the claustrum, from its evolution and development to promising new lines of research, including epigenetics, provides a platform and point of reference for future investigative efforts