- Table View
- List View
Discovery Through Activity: Ideas and Resources for Applying Recovery Through Activity in Practice
by Sue ParkinsonDiscovery Through Activity provides a compendium of ideas, resources and practice evaluations that will inspire practitioners to be even more imaginative and to customise their own Recovery Through Activity programmes to meet the specifi c needs of participants. The original Recovery Through Activity handbook offers a flexible programme that is widely used in adult mental health settings. This accompanying and complementary resource shows how the intervention has been extended, adapted and applied service-wide. The resource showcases the work of a growing community of practitioners who have successfully facilitated Recovery Through Activity programmes to provide a forum for people to refl ect on their occupational lives and discuss and practise lifestyle choices that will enable them to improve their health and wellbeing. It includes: • an extended range of flexible ideas and resources to meet the needs of participants in Recovery Through Activity sessions • examples of how to apply Recovery Through Activity in one- to- one sessions and virtual groups • encouragement to adopt Recovery Through Activity across your services with confidence. With contributions illustrating the effective application of Recovery Through Activity in a range of settings and situations, this is a valuable resource for occupational therapists and other practitioners in mental health settings.
Discrete Event Simulation for Health Technology Assessment
by J. Jaime Caro Jörgen Möller Jonathan Karnon James Stahl Jack IshakThis is the first book to make all the central concepts of discrete event simulation relevant for health technology assessment. Accessible to beginners, the book requires no prerequisites and describes the concepts with as little jargon as possible. It presents essential concepts, a fully worked out implementation example, approaches to analyze the simulations, the development of the required equations, model verification techniques, and validation. The book also covers various special topics and includes a real case study involving screening strategies for breast cancer surveillance.
Discrete Event Simulation for Health Technology Assessment
by J. Jaime Caro Jörgen Möller Jonathan Karnon James Stahl Jack IshakThis is the first book to make all the central concepts of discrete event simulation relevant for health technology assessment. Accessible to beginners, the book requires no prerequisites and describes the concepts with as little jargon as possible. It presents essential concepts, a fully worked out implementation example, approaches to analyze the simulations, the development of the required equations, model verification techniques, and validation. The book also covers various special topics and includes a real case study involving screening strategies for breast cancer surveillance.
Discrete Tomography: Foundations, Algorithms, and Applications (Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis)
by Gabor T. Herman Attila KubaGoals of the Book Overthelast thirty yearsthere has been arevolutionindiagnostic radiology as a result oftheemergenceofcomputerized tomography (CT), which is the process of obtaining the density distribution within the human body from multiple x-ray projections. Since an enormous variety of possible density values may occur in the body, a large number of projections are necessary to ensure the accurate reconstruction oftheir distribution. There are other situations in which we desire to reconstruct an object from its projections, but in which we know that the object to be recon structed has only a small number of possible values. For example, a large fraction of objects scanned in industrial CT (for the purpose of nonde structive testing or reverse engineering) are made of a single material and so the ideal reconstruction should contain only two values: zero for air and the value associated with the material composing the object. Similar as sumptions may even be made for some specific medical applications; for example, in angiography ofthe heart chambers the value is either zero (in dicating the absence of dye) or the value associated with the dye in the chamber. Another example arises in the electron microscopy of biological macromolecules, where we may assume that the object to be reconstructed is composed of ice, protein, and RNA. One can also apply electron mi croscopy to determine the presenceor absence ofatoms in crystallinestruc tures, which is again a two-valued situation.
Discrimination of Mobile Supramolecular Chirality: Acylative Molecular Transformations by Organocatalysis (Springer Theses)
by Ayumi ImayoshiThis book proposes a novel concept for molecular recognition. In the field of asymmetric synthesis approaching the mature science, asymmetric discrimination and catalytic synthesis of chiral supramolecules still stand as unsolved problems. The extreme difficulty in asymmetric synthesis of such supramolecules may result from the mobile nature of supramolecular chirality. Here the author shows the first highly enantioselective synthesis of mechanically chiral supramolecules. In the presence of a chiral organocatalyst, a mechanically planar chiral rotaxane was obtained with p erfect enantiopurity (>99% ee) with an excellent selectivity. The dynamic and flexible recognition mode enabled asymmetric synthesis of supramolecules with conformational flexibility and mobility. The recognition mode of the catalyst is a contrast to the traditional static and rigid recognition mode of the typical conventional catalysts. The concept of dynamic molecular recognition will be adopted as a novel concept in a wide range of fields beyond the field of organic chemistry, including material chemistry, biochemistry, and medicinal chemistry.
Discriminative Pattern Discovery on Biological Networks (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by Fabio Fassetti Simona E. Rombo Cristina SerraoThis work provides a review of biological networks as a model for analysis, presenting and discussing a number of illuminating analyses. Biological networks are an effective model for providing insights about biological mechanisms. Networks with different characteristics are employed for representing different scenarios. This powerful model allows analysts to perform many kinds of analyses which can be mined to provide interesting information about underlying biological behaviors.The text also covers techniques for discovering exceptional patterns, such as a pattern accounting for local similarities and also collaborative effects involving interactions between multiple actors (for example genes). Among these exceptional patterns, of particular interest are discriminative patterns, namely those which are able to discriminate between two input populations (for example healthy/unhealthy samples). In addition, the work includes a discussion on the most recent proposal on discovering discriminative patterns, in which there is a labeled network for each sample, resulting in a database of networks representing a sample set. This enables the analyst to achieve a much finer analysis than with traditional techniques, which are only able to consider an aggregated network of each population.
Discriminative Stimulus Properties of Drugs (Advances in Behavioral Biology #22)
by Harbans LalAs one who has gone down the wayward path from "pure" organic chemistry to biochemistry to pharmacology, I was not quite prepared to go all the way - into the field of discriminable stimuli. The organizer of the symposium on discriminable stimuli induced by drugs, Dr. Harbans Lal, did seduce me into attending. Having lost my behavioral virginity, I now stare with open eyes at the field. One item in particular at this meeting exemplifies to me the power of such techniques. Dr. Albert Weissman mentioned the problem he tackled with getting rats to discriminate between saline and dilute solutions of aspirin. Under ordinary circumstances, the animals could not perform this task. However, if the animals were sensitized by injection of prostaglan din into their foot pads, then they were capable of discriminating even very dilute solutions of aspirin. In a sense, Al had created a model of the human arthritic who can jolly well tell if you have given him an aspirin or a salt tablet. The reader of this volume will find it a good introduction to the utilization of discriminable stimuli induced by drugs. After a preface by the organizer, two experts discuss basic principles in separate chapters. One of these chapters places emphasis on the drugs; the other places emphasis on the induced cues and states.
Discussing Cognitive Neuroscience: Psychology, Neurophysiology, and Philosophy on the Mind, Body and Brain (Annals of Theoretical Psychology #17)
by Gerhard Benetka Hans WerbikThe sciences philosophy, psychology and neuroscience share the basis that all refer to the human being. Therefore, an interdisciplinary collaboration would be desirable. The exchange of criticism is an essential requirement for interdisciplinary collaboration. Criticism must be heard and – if possible – considered. Indeed, criticism can be valid or unwarranted. However, whether criticism is unwarranted can only emerge from discussion and conversation. In the discussion of cognitive neuroscience, some criticism can easily be considered (such as the mereological fallacy that represents that talking about the person is substituted with talking bout the brain). Another issue for an interdisciplinary discussion of cognitive neuroscience is the interpretation of the readiness potential including re-considering Benjamin Libet’s classic experiments. Additionally, a critical discussion on cognitive neuroscience must address ethical questions, such as the possibility of the abuse of neuroscientific insight.
Discussing Migraine With Your Patients: A Common Sense Guide for Clinicians
by Dawn A. Marcus Duren Michael ReadyThis engaging and highly practical title is designed to support healthcare professionals in providing the best possible care for their patients with migraine. Developed by two leading authorities in the field who bring wit and warmth to their writing, the book combines the valuable wisdom of their clinical expertise with cutting edge scientific synthesis and helpful clinical pearls. Replete with a plethora of instructional aids and clinical tools (such as patient handouts, questionnaires, checklists, video clips, and quick-reference boxes), Discussing Migraine with Your Patients: A Common Sense Guide for Clinicians reviews migraine treatment in an evidence-based manner -- according to the empirical data and FDA and consensus-based guidelines. Discussion topics include acute and preventive pharmacotherapy, medical interventions and devices, behavioral and psychological nonpharmacologic therapies, education, trigger management, healthy lifestyle practices, stress management, neutraceuticals, and alternative medicine offerings. In addition, this easy-to-read title covers genetics and pathophysiology, symptoms and comorbidities, and a range of essential clinical skills that are useful in achieving the best possible outcomes with patients. In invaluable addition to the literature, this title will serve as the ultimate go-to resource for primary care clinicians and trainees. Headache specialists, too, will find value in this work.
Discussion of Cold Damage (Shang Han Lun): Commentaries and Clinical Applications
by Guohui LiuA major new translation of the Chinese classic Shang Han Lun by scholar and medical doctor Guohui Liu makes this foundational text fully accessible to English speaking clinicians for the first time. Extensive study and research underpins the translation; the author's understanding of both classical and modern Chinese enables him to interpret fully the ancient work within the theory of Chinese medicine. An extensive commentary explains the translation, the difficulties with the text, how it has been subsequently translated and expands on the theory laid out in the original text to reach an understanding that can be applied in the clinic for diagnosis and treatment. The value of this classic text lies primarily in its establishment of a basic framework for differentiation and treatment, but it also presents 112 formulas and 88 medicinal substances, which are commonly applied in clinical work for various conditions. In this edition, the 112 formulas are fully explained in the context of the clinical experiences of well-known ancient and modern doctors, and they are also laid out in two appendices, cross referenced to the text.
Disease and Crime: A History of Social Pathologies and the New Politics of Health (Routledge Studies in Cultural History #23)
by Robert PeckhamDisease and crime are increasingly conflated in the contemporary world. News reports proclaim "epidemics" of crime, while politicians denounce terrorism as a lethal pathological threat. Recent years have even witnessed the development of a new subfield, "epidemiological criminology," which merges public health with criminal justice to provide analytical tools for criminal justice practitioners and health care professionals. Little attention, however, has been paid to the historical contexts of these disease and crime equations, or to the historical continuities and discontinuities between contemporary invocations of crime as disease and the emergence of criminology, epidemiology, and public health in the second half of the nineteenth century. When, how and why did this pathologization of crime and criminalization of disease come about? This volume addresses these critical questions, exploring the discursive construction of crime and disease across a range of geographical and historical settings.
Disease and Crime: A History of Social Pathologies and the New Politics of Health (Routledge Studies in Cultural History)
by Robert PeckhamDisease and crime are increasingly conflated in the contemporary world. News reports proclaim "epidemics" of crime, while politicians denounce terrorism as a lethal pathological threat. Recent years have even witnessed the development of a new subfield, "epidemiological criminology," which merges public health with criminal justice to provide analytical tools for criminal justice practitioners and health care professionals. Little attention, however, has been paid to the historical contexts of these disease and crime equations, or to the historical continuities and discontinuities between contemporary invocations of crime as disease and the emergence of criminology, epidemiology, and public health in the second half of the nineteenth century. When, how and why did this pathologization of crime and criminalization of disease come about? This volume addresses these critical questions, exploring the discursive construction of crime and disease across a range of geographical and historical settings.
Disease and Diagnosis: Value-Dependent Realism (Philosophy and Medicine #63)
by William E. StempseyThe germs of the ideas in this book became implanted in me during my experience as a resident in clinical pathology at Boston University Medical Center. At the time, I had inklings that the test results churned out by our laboratories were more than scientific facts. As a philosophically unsophisticated young physician, however, I had no language or framework to analyze what I saw as a deep philosophical problem, a problem largely unrecognized by most physicians. The test results provided by our laboratories were accurate and of great practical importance for patient care. However, most of the physicians who relied on our test results to diagnose and treat their patients either did not have the time or interest to consider the philosophical issues inherent in diagnosis, or, like me, had inadequate means to further analyze them. It was more than ten years later that I began doctoral studies in philosophy, and I was fortunate to find a faculty that was supportive ofmy efforts to address the problem. This book began as my doctoral dissertation in the Department of Philosophy at Georgetown University. I would like to acknowledge the assistance of my mentor, Robert Veatch, Ph. D. Our conversations during my Georgetown years led me in new and often fascinating directions. I would also like to acknowledge the help of Kenneth Schaffner, M. D. , Ph. D.
Disease and Diagnosis: Value-Dependent Realism (Philosophy and Medicine #63)
by William E. StempseyThe germs of the ideas in this book became implanted in me during my experience as a resident in clinical pathology at Boston University Medical Center. At the time, I had inklings that the test results churned out by our laboratories were more than scientific facts. As a philosophically unsophisticated young physician, however, I had no language or framework to analyze what I saw as a deep philosophical problem, a problem largely unrecognized by most physicians. The test results provided by our laboratories were accurate and of great practical importance for patient care. However, most of the physicians who relied on our test results to diagnose and treat their patients either did not have the time or interest to consider the philosophical issues inherent in diagnosis, or, like me, had inadequate means to further analyze them. It was more than ten years later that I began doctoral studies in philosophy, and I was fortunate to find a faculty that was supportive of my efforts to address the problem. This book began as my doctoral dissertation in the Department of Philosophy at Georgetown University. I would like to acknowledge the assistance of my mentor, Robert Veatch, Ph. D. Our conversations during my Georgetown years led me in new and often fascinating directions. I would also like to acknowledge the help of Kenneth Schaffner, M. D. , Ph. D.
Disease and Discovery: A History of the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, 1916;€“1939
by Elizabeth FeeAt the end of the nineteenth century, public health was the province of part-time political appointees and volunteer groups of every variety. Public health officers were usually physicians, but they could also be sanitary engineers, lawyers, or chemists;¢;‚¬;€?there was little agreement about the skills and knowledge necessary for practice. In Disease and Discovery, Elizabeth Fee examines the conflicting ideas about public health;€™s proper subject and scope and its search for a coherent professional unity and identity. She draws on the debates and decisions surrounding the establishment of what was initially known as the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, the first independent institution for public health research and education, to crystallize the fundamental questions of the field. Many of the issues of public health education in the early twentieth century are still debated today. What is the proper relationship of public health to medicine? What is the relative importance of biomedical, environmental, and sociopolitical approaches to public health? Should schools of public health emphasize research skills over practical training? Should they provide advanced training and credentials for the few or simpler educational courses for the many? Fee explores the many dimensions of these issues in the context of the founding of the Johns Hopkins school. She details the efforts to define the school;€™s structure and purpose, select faculty and students, and organize the curriculum, and she follows the school;€™s growth and adaptation to the changing social environment through the beginning of World War II. As Fee demonstrates, not simply in its formation but throughout its history the School of Hygiene served as a crucible for the forces shaping the public health profession as a whole.
Disease and Discovery: A History of the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, 1916;€“1939
by Elizabeth FeeAt the end of the nineteenth century, public health was the province of part-time political appointees and volunteer groups of every variety. Public health officers were usually physicians, but they could also be sanitary engineers, lawyers, or chemists;¢;‚¬;€?there was little agreement about the skills and knowledge necessary for practice. In Disease and Discovery, Elizabeth Fee examines the conflicting ideas about public health;€™s proper subject and scope and its search for a coherent professional unity and identity. She draws on the debates and decisions surrounding the establishment of what was initially known as the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, the first independent institution for public health research and education, to crystallize the fundamental questions of the field. Many of the issues of public health education in the early twentieth century are still debated today. What is the proper relationship of public health to medicine? What is the relative importance of biomedical, environmental, and sociopolitical approaches to public health? Should schools of public health emphasize research skills over practical training? Should they provide advanced training and credentials for the few or simpler educational courses for the many? Fee explores the many dimensions of these issues in the context of the founding of the Johns Hopkins school. She details the efforts to define the school;€™s structure and purpose, select faculty and students, and organize the curriculum, and she follows the school;€™s growth and adaptation to the changing social environment through the beginning of World War II. As Fee demonstrates, not simply in its formation but throughout its history the School of Hygiene served as a crucible for the forces shaping the public health profession as a whole.
Disease and Medicine in World History (Themes in World History)
by Sheldon WattsDisease and Medicine in World History is a concise introduction to diverse ideas about diseases and their treatment throughout the world. Drawing on case studies from ancient Egypt to present-day America, Asia and Europe, this survey discusses concepts of sickness and forms of treatment in many cultures. Sheldon Watts shows that many medical practices in the past were shaped as much by philosophers and metaphysicians as by university-trained doctors and other practitioners. Subjects covered include: Pharaonic Egypt and the pre-conquest New World the evolution of medical systems in the Middle East health and healing on the Indian subcontinent medicine and disease in China the globalization of disease in the modern world the birth and evolution of modern scientific medicine. This volume is a landmark contribution to the field of world history. It covers the principal medical systems known in the world, based on extensive original research. Watts raises questions about globalization in medicine and the potential impact of infectious diseases in the present day.
Disease and Medicine in World History (Themes in World History)
by Sheldon WattsDisease and Medicine in World History is a concise introduction to diverse ideas about diseases and their treatment throughout the world. Drawing on case studies from ancient Egypt to present-day America, Asia and Europe, this survey discusses concepts of sickness and forms of treatment in many cultures. Sheldon Watts shows that many medical practices in the past were shaped as much by philosophers and metaphysicians as by university-trained doctors and other practitioners. Subjects covered include: Pharaonic Egypt and the pre-conquest New World the evolution of medical systems in the Middle East health and healing on the Indian subcontinent medicine and disease in China the globalization of disease in the modern world the birth and evolution of modern scientific medicine. This volume is a landmark contribution to the field of world history. It covers the principal medical systems known in the world, based on extensive original research. Watts raises questions about globalization in medicine and the potential impact of infectious diseases in the present day.
Disease Causing Microbes
by Jaishree PaulThis book provides knowledge on the diversity of disease-causing microbes including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans—the major diseases they cause and the environmental factors that influence the occurrence, transmission and spread of microbes along with the epidemiological factors determining the occurrence of disease. The book mainly covers a broad spectrum of diseases infecting different organs of human and describes the microorganisms involved in the process. The diseases caused by parasites and helminths are also included in the text since the infective stages of parasites as well as helminths are microscopic in nature and need to be distinguished from bacterial infections by appropriate diagnosis.
Disease Control Through Social Network Surveillance (Lecture Notes in Social Networks)
by Thirimachos Bourlai Panagiotis Karampelas Reda AlhajjThis book examines modern paradigms of disease control based on social network surveillance applications, including electronic sentinel surveillance and wireless application-based surveillance science. It also highlights topics that integrate statistical and epidemiological sciences with surveillance practice and, in order to reflect the evolution of social networking practices, discusses topics concerning the challenges for surveillance theory and practice. In turn, the book goes a step further by providing insights on how we need to analyse epidemiological trends by following best practices on distinguishing useful information from noise, namely fake news, false reporting of disease incidents and events, etc. At the same time, we need to be able to protect health-focused applications and communication tools via cybersecurity technologies and to ensure that anonymity of reporting and privacy are preserved. In closing, the book discusses the role and impact of social media on disease surveillance, as well as the current role of communities in infectious disease surveillance and control.
Disease Data Book
by John Fry G. Sandler D. BrooksHerewe offer anew approach to understanding and managing common medical conditions. With the needs of our readers in mind we present clearer, more extensive and more expansive views on them. Traditional medical textbooks are wordy tomes with well worn patterns dealing in set order with 'causes, symptoms and signs, diagnosis and treatment'. They offer formal instant snapshots of diseases. We have devised an economic synoptic style, and we have endeavoured to give acomprehensive and an on-going long term movepicture ofeach condition and to relate this to the analysisofsymptoms and signs, to diagnostic assessment and to management and treatment. We have selected 22 important conditions and for eachhave followed the same sequence of questions and answers: • What is it? giving a brief summary of the current understanding of the nature of the condition. • Who gets it when? showing the age-sex distributions and influence ofother factors such as social class, international comparisons, andtheirlikelyfrequency ingeneralpractice and at the district general hospital. • What happens? analysing the significance of symptoms and signs, the likely course and outcome and how these influence care. • What to do? an appreciation of the nature and presentation of the condition, and their relevance to diagnosis and management.
Disease, Diagnoses, and Dollars: Facing the Ever-Expanding Market for Medical Care
by Robert M. KaplanHere’s a conundrum: the U.S. health care system is the largest sector in the biggest economy in the world, and the US spends significantly more per capita on health care than any other country. Yet it ranks last among comparison nations on the major health indicators. Robert Kaplan attempts to tackle these anomalies head-on by taking the controversial position that mass markets have been created for services that may offer little or no benefit to patients. Kaplan forcefully argues that the overuse of medications and tests runs up the costs of health care, and offers potential solutions for policy makers and for patients.
Disease Diplomacy: International Norms and Global Health Security
by Simon Rushton Adam Kamradt-Scott Sara E. DaviesIn the age of air travel and globalized trade, pathogens that once took months or even years to spread beyond their regions of origin can now circumnavigate the globe in a matter of hours. Amid growing concerns about such epidemics as Ebola, SARS, MERS, and H1N1, disease diplomacy has emerged as a key foreign and security policy concern as countries work to collectively strengthen the global systems of disease surveillance and control. The revision of the International Health Regulations (IHR), eventually adopted by the World Health Organization’s member states in 2005, was the foremost manifestation of this novel diplomacy. The new regulations heralded a profound shift in international norms surrounding global health security, significantly expanding what is expected of states in the face of public health emergencies and requiring them to improve their capacity to detect and contain outbreaks. Drawing on Martha Finnemore and Kathryn Sikkink’s "norm life cycle" framework and based on extensive documentary analysis and key informant interviews, Disease Diplomacy traces the emergence of these new norms of global health security, the extent to which they have been internalized by states, and the political and technical constraints governments confront in attempting to comply with their new international obligations. The authors also examine in detail the background, drafting, adoption, and implementation of the IHR while arguing that the very existence of these regulations reveals an important new understanding: that infectious disease outbreaks and their management are critical to national and international security.The book will be of great interest to academic researchers, postgraduate students, and advanced undergraduates in the fields of global public health, international relations, and public policy, as well as health professionals, diplomats, and practitioners with a professional interest in global health security.
Disease Dispersion and Impact in the Indian Ocean World (Palgrave Series in Indian Ocean World Studies)
by Gwyn Campbell Eva-Maria KnollThis volume views the study of disease as essential to understanding the key historical developments underpinning the foundation of contemporary Indian Ocean World (IOW) societies. The interplay between disease and climatic conditions, natural and manmade crises and disasters, human migration and trade in the IOW reveals a wide range of perceptions about disease etiologies and epidemiologies, and debates over the origin, dispersion and impact of disease form a central focus in these essays. Incorporating a wide scope of academic and scientific angles including history, social and medical anthropology, archaeology, epidemiology and paleopathology, this collection focuses on diseases that spread across time, space and cultures. It scrutinizes disease as an object, and engages with the subjectivities of afflicted inhabitants of, and travellers to, the IOW.
Disease Gene Identification: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1706)
by Johanna K. DiStefanoThis volume presents detailed laboratory procedures in an easy to follow format that can be carried out with success by investigators lacking previous exposure to a specific research method. Chapter guide readers through the application of molecular approaches to disease gene identification and overviews, and case studies are also presented. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Authoritative and practical, Disease Gene Identification: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to help with the identification and characterization of many more disease-related genes and provide novel, and effective strategies for disease treatment and prevention.