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The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War: The Northern Patrol, 1914-1918 (Navy Records Society Publications #Vol. 145)
by John D. GraingerThe Tenth Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet had the task of patrolling the seas between Scotland and Greenland to intercept enemy ships trying to escape into the ocean and merchant ships who could be carrying goods destined for Germany. This was a task of great political sensitivity, since almost all the ships intercepted were neutrals, and requiring great physical endurance from ships and men in the violent North Atlantic. The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War is a comprehensive collection of the records of the Northern Patrol. It consists of regular reports of the admirals in command, to which are added other relevant official records, and more informal documents. There are the chatty letters of Captain Vivian and HMS Patia, the appalling experiences of young officers placed in barely seaworthy sailing ships to see that they went into port for examination, the patehtic 'mutiny' by a bored, distressed and underpaid black gang, the diary of Able Seaman Style, demonstrating the tedium of the patrol, and the self-satisfied diary of Dr Shaw. There are also the casualities: ships overwhelmed by storms, sunk by enemy action, torpedoed. The ships of the Patrol were perhaps the most constantly active Royal Navy vessels in the Great War, a barely acknowledged yet vital component in the eventual Allied victory
The Maritime Defence of China: Ming General Qi Jiguang and Beyond
by Y.H. Teddy SimThis edited volume explores the larger maritime and security environment during and beyond the time of Chinese military general Qi Jiguang’s enterprise. While serving as a historiography and biography of Qi Jiguang, the book also elaborates on the doctrinal applications of his ideas. Essays in this volume contribute to the field of China studies in light of the increased frequency of news relating to the maritime and military affairs in the region in the post-2000 period. It provides a specialist perspective to the uneven study of Qi Jiguang and maritime/military studies, while also satisfying the desire of the layman to understand the current political security situation in East Asia in the context of the longer term historical developments.
The Maritime Dimension (Routledge Revivals)
by R. P. Barston Patricia BirnieFor land-locked and coastal states alike, the maritime dimension of national interests has increased dramatically in importance in recent years. Pressure on food and energy resources have coincided with an increase in the global population and insatiable demands for fish and minerals. Maritime conflict remains an ever-present possibility. Originally published in 1980, this book brings together in a single volume expert contributions on the central issues and areas of concern: The offshore exploration of oil and gas, fisheries, world shipping, the exploitation of deep seabed resources, marine pollution and contemporary maritime legal problems. The book outlines the problems, identifies conflicts and examines the variety of methods used by states to resolve them, including national and international laws and organisations, bilaterial and multilateral diplomacy and the increasing use of regional bodies. The Maritime Dimension will be of use to students and policy-makers in international law, environmental and energy studies and international relations.
The Maritime Dimension (Routledge Revivals)
For land-locked and coastal states alike, the maritime dimension of national interests has increased dramatically in importance in recent years. Pressure on food and energy resources have coincided with an increase in the global population and insatiable demands for fish and minerals. Maritime conflict remains an ever-present possibility. Originally published in 1980, this book brings together in a single volume expert contributions on the central issues and areas of concern: The offshore exploration of oil and gas, fisheries, world shipping, the exploitation of deep seabed resources, marine pollution and contemporary maritime legal problems. The book outlines the problems, identifies conflicts and examines the variety of methods used by states to resolve them, including national and international laws and organisations, bilaterial and multilateral diplomacy and the increasing use of regional bodies. The Maritime Dimension will be of use to students and policy-makers in international law, environmental and energy studies and international relations.
Maritime Diplomacy in the 21st Century: Drivers and Challenges (Cass Series: Naval Policy and History)
by Christian Le MièreThis book aims to redefine maritime diplomacy for the modern era. Maritime diplomacy encompasses a spectrum of activities, from co-operative measures such as port visits, exercises and humanitarian assistance to persuasive deployment and coercion. It is an activity no longer confined to just navies, but in the modern era is pursued be coast guards, civilian vessels and non-state groups. As states such as China and India develop, they are increasingly using this most flexible form of soft and hard power. Maritime Diplomacy in the 21st Century describes and analyses the concept of maritime diplomacy, which has been largely neglected in academic literature. The use of such diplomacy can be interesting not just for the parochial effects of any activity, but because any event can reflect changes in the international order, while acting as an excellent gauge for the existence and severity of international tension. Further, maritime diplomacy can act as a valve through which any tension can be released without resort to conflict. Written in an accessible but authoritative style, this book describes the continued use of coercion outside of war by navies, while also situating it more clearly within the various roles and effects that maritime forces have in peacetime. This book will be of much interest to students of seapower, naval history, strategic studies, diplomacy and international relations.
Maritime Diplomacy in the 21st Century: Drivers and Challenges (Cass Series: Naval Policy and History)
by Christian Le MièreThis book aims to redefine maritime diplomacy for the modern era. Maritime diplomacy encompasses a spectrum of activities, from co-operative measures such as port visits, exercises and humanitarian assistance to persuasive deployment and coercion. It is an activity no longer confined to just navies, but in the modern era is pursued be coast guards, civilian vessels and non-state groups. As states such as China and India develop, they are increasingly using this most flexible form of soft and hard power. Maritime Diplomacy in the 21st Century describes and analyses the concept of maritime diplomacy, which has been largely neglected in academic literature. The use of such diplomacy can be interesting not just for the parochial effects of any activity, but because any event can reflect changes in the international order, while acting as an excellent gauge for the existence and severity of international tension. Further, maritime diplomacy can act as a valve through which any tension can be released without resort to conflict. Written in an accessible but authoritative style, this book describes the continued use of coercion outside of war by navies, while also situating it more clearly within the various roles and effects that maritime forces have in peacetime. This book will be of much interest to students of seapower, naval history, strategic studies, diplomacy and international relations.
Maritime Gray Zone Operations: Challenges and Countermeasures in the Indo-Pacific (Cass Series: Naval Policy and History)
by Andrew S. EricksonThis book addresses the issues raised by Chinese and North Korean maritime ‘gray zone’ activities in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. For years, China has been harassing its neighbors in South China Sea and East China Sea, employing both coast guard and maritime militia forces, in the name of safeguarding Chinese sovereignty. This behavior is frequently characterized as constituting ‘gray zone’ activity. As the term suggests, this refers to a state of conflict that falls between peace and war. Interestingly, the Yellow Sea, which is geographically much closer to China than South China Sea or East China Sea, has been comparatively quiet. However, there is a danger that the PRC has the capability to replicate its gray zone activities in this area. Worse, North Korea has also been engaging in carefully-calibrated provocations there. This book addresses pressing questions about these activities and offers: (1) a conceptual framework to understand maritime gray zone operations and Beijing and Pyongyang’s approach, with an unprecedented focus on the Yellow Sea; (2) a comprehensive, fully updated fleet force structure for the PRC’s Coast Guard, together with projections regarding how the Coast Guard is likely to develop in the future; (3) an extensive organizational analysis of the PRC’s Maritime Militia that surveys the many units relevant to Yellow Sea operations, some revealed publicly for the first time; and (4) a detailed assessment of North Korean maritime ‘gray zone’ activities. This book will be of great interest to students of naval strategy, maritime security, Asian politics, and international security.
Maritime Gray Zone Operations: Challenges and Countermeasures in the Indo-Pacific (Cass Series: Naval Policy and History)
by Andrew S. EricksonThis book addresses the issues raised by Chinese and North Korean maritime ‘gray zone’ activities in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region. For years, China has been harassing its neighbors in South China Sea and East China Sea, employing both coast guard and maritime militia forces, in the name of safeguarding Chinese sovereignty. This behavior is frequently characterized as constituting ‘gray zone’ activity. As the term suggests, this refers to a state of conflict that falls between peace and war. Interestingly, the Yellow Sea, which is geographically much closer to China than South China Sea or East China Sea, has been comparatively quiet. However, there is a danger that the PRC has the capability to replicate its gray zone activities in this area. Worse, North Korea has also been engaging in carefully-calibrated provocations there. This book addresses pressing questions about these activities and offers: (1) a conceptual framework to understand maritime gray zone operations and Beijing and Pyongyang’s approach, with an unprecedented focus on the Yellow Sea; (2) a comprehensive, fully updated fleet force structure for the PRC’s Coast Guard, together with projections regarding how the Coast Guard is likely to develop in the future; (3) an extensive organizational analysis of the PRC’s Maritime Militia that surveys the many units relevant to Yellow Sea operations, some revealed publicly for the first time; and (4) a detailed assessment of North Korean maritime ‘gray zone’ activities. This book will be of great interest to students of naval strategy, maritime security, Asian politics, and international security.
A Maritime History of Scotland 1650-1790
by Eric J. GrahamThis text traces the development of the Scottish marine and its institutions during the highly turbulent and formative period 1650-1790, when state intervention and warefare at sea in the pursuit of mercantilist goals largely determined, intentionally and otherwise, the course of events. The book charts Scotland's frustrated attempts to join England in the Atlantic economy and so secure her prosperity - an often bitter relationship that culminated in the Darien Disaster. In the years that followed, maritime affairs were at the heart of the schism that propelled the move to embrace the full incorporating Act of Union of 1707. After 1707 Scottish maritime aspirations flourished under the protection of the British Navigation acts and the windfalls of endemic warfare at sea. The impact of major events, domestic and international, on Scottish maritime affairs has been place in context of the changes of the prevailing system. Warfare has particular relevance as the isolated location of many Scottish ports and sea areas actively encouraged enemy shipping to penetrate deep into Scottish home waters.The national and regional experience has, therefore, been set in "war and peace" apsects covering three periods: 1651-1755, 1756-75 and 1776-91, each a distinct phase in Scotland's participation in the evolving mercantilist trading system when a major war provided the principal catalyst for change.
Maritime Legacies and the Law: Effective Legal Governance of WWI Wrecks
by Craig ForrestThe shipwrecks of WWI constitute a vast, dispersed and distinctive underwater legacy. This insightful book addresses the need to rethink how they can be protected, through an examination of both private and public international law and the conventions governing them. The recent centenary of WWI has prompted a shift in the way attention is focused on legacy wrecks. In this timely book, Craig Forrest considers both the development and current state of the laws that apply to these wrecks, as well as the issues that surround them, such as regulated and unregulated salvage and the potentially hazardous nature of wrecks left in situ. The author then deftly analyses the adequacy of the existing legal framework, in particular the Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage, to fulfil its promise of protecting legacy wrecks for future generations as historical and archaeological resources, memorials and, more importantly, as maritime war graves. This incisive book will prove necessary reading for all with an interest in underwater cultural heritage and its protection, including academics, practitioners and managers, government officials and policymakers. Underwater archaeologists and others interested in maritime law and naval history more broadly will also find its unique analysis useful.
Maritime Operations Law in Practice: Key Cases and Incidents (Routledge Research on the Law of the Sea)
by David Letts Rob MclaughlinThe law that applies to maritime operations at sea is complex and comprises two distinct elements, treaty law 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the cases and incidents that occur at sea in both peacetime, and during armed conflict, which result in the creation of customary international law applicable to maritime operations at sea. Covering sovereignty and vessel status, jurisdiction and interdiction, freedom of navigation, maritime law enforcement and security, and the law of naval warfare, this edited collection brings together the most famous and influential cases and incidents at sea. Exploring the entire spectrum of maritime operations from ‘high end’ warfighting to constabulary operations that are conducted by naval forces and maritime law enforcement agencies at sea to provide the factual circumstances of each case or incident. Offering sophisticated analysis and insights into the case or incident’s enduring importance, and their significance for the development of the law applicable to maritime operations. Offering a detailed account and evaluation of the most critical but rarely understood cases in Maritime Operations Law, which encourages comparison between key cases, this book will be an essential reference for practitioners, scholars, teachers, and students of maritime operations law.
Maritime Operations Law in Practice: Key Cases and Incidents (Routledge Research on the Law of the Sea)
by David Letts Rob McLaughlinThe law that applies to maritime operations at sea is complex and comprises two distinct elements, treaty law 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the cases and incidents that occur at sea in both peacetime, and during armed conflict, which result in the creation of customary international law applicable to maritime operations at sea. Covering sovereignty and vessel status, jurisdiction and interdiction, freedom of navigation, maritime law enforcement and security, and the law of naval warfare, this edited collection brings together the most famous and influential cases and incidents at sea. Exploring the entire spectrum of maritime operations from ‘high end’ warfighting to constabulary operations that are conducted by naval forces and maritime law enforcement agencies at sea to provide the factual circumstances of each case or incident. Offering sophisticated analysis and insights into the case or incident’s enduring importance, and their significance for the development of the law applicable to maritime operations. Offering a detailed account and evaluation of the most critical but rarely understood cases in Maritime Operations Law, which encourages comparison between key cases, this book will be an essential reference for practitioners, scholars, teachers, and students of maritime operations law.
Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China (Contributions in Economics and Economic History)
by K. Gang DengChallenging the stereotype of premodern China as an agricultural nation, this book examines the development of the maritime sector, maritime institutions, and sea power in the premodern era. Initially discussing topics related to China's exports, such as ship design and construction, goods produced solely for export, capital accumulation and investment in the maritime sector, and trade networking, the volume goes on to consider the impact of maritime institutions, governmental trade and non-trade policies, and Confucian attitudes toward maritime activities.Finally, the book shows how China obtained technological, economic, and naval supremacy in Asian waters until the 18th century and goes on to discuss the reasons for the decline of the maritime sector in the 19th century.
Maritime Security: Protection of Marinas, Ports, Small Watercraft, Yachts, and Ships
by Ph.D, Daniel BennyIn a time when threats against the maritime community have never been greater, Maritime Security: Protection of Marinas, Ports, Small Watercraft, Yachts, and Ships provides a single, comprehensive source of necessary information for understanding and preventing or reducing threats to the maritime community.The book defines what comprises the mariti
Maritime Security: Protection of Marinas, Ports, Small Watercraft, Yachts, and Ships
by Ph.D, Daniel BennyIn a time when threats against the maritime community have never been greater, Maritime Security: Protection of Marinas, Ports, Small Watercraft, Yachts, and Ships provides a single, comprehensive source of necessary information for understanding and preventing or reducing threats to the maritime community.The book defines what comprises the mariti
Maritime Strategy and Sea Control: Theory and Practice (Cass Series: Naval Policy and History)
by Milan VegoThis book focuses on the key naval strategic objectives of obtaining and maintaining sea control. During times of war, sea control, or the ability of combatants to enjoy naval dominance, plays a crucial role in that side’s ability to attain overall victory. This book explains and analyzes in much greater detail sea control in all its complexities, and describes the main methods of obtaining and maintaining it. Building on the views of naval classical thinkers, this book utilizes historical examples to illustrate the main methods of sea control. Each chapter focuses on a particular method, including destroying the enemy forces by a decisive action, destroying enemy forces over time-attrition, containing enemy fleet, choke point control, and capturing important enemy's positions/basing area, The aim is to provide a comprehensive theory and practice of the struggle for sea control at the operational level. It should therefore provide a guide to practitioners on how to plan and conduct operational warfare at sea. The book will be of much interest to students of naval strategy, defence studies and security studies.
Maritime Strategy and Sea Control: Theory and Practice (Cass Series: Naval Policy and History)
by Milan VegoThis book focuses on the key naval strategic objectives of obtaining and maintaining sea control. During times of war, sea control, or the ability of combatants to enjoy naval dominance, plays a crucial role in that side’s ability to attain overall victory. This book explains and analyzes in much greater detail sea control in all its complexities, and describes the main methods of obtaining and maintaining it. Building on the views of naval classical thinkers, this book utilizes historical examples to illustrate the main methods of sea control. Each chapter focuses on a particular method, including destroying the enemy forces by a decisive action, destroying enemy forces over time-attrition, containing enemy fleet, choke point control, and capturing important enemy's positions/basing area, The aim is to provide a comprehensive theory and practice of the struggle for sea control at the operational level. It should therefore provide a guide to practitioners on how to plan and conduct operational warfare at sea. The book will be of much interest to students of naval strategy, defence studies and security studies.
Maritime Strategy and Sea Denial: Theory and Practice (Cass Series: Naval Policy and History)
by Milan VegoThis book focuses on the theory and practice of maritime strategy and operations by the weaker powers at sea. Illustrated by examples from naval and military history, the book explains and analyzes the strategies of the weaker side at sea in both peacetime and wartime; in defense versus offense; the main prerequisites for disputing control of the sea; and the conceptual framework of disputing control of the sea. It also explains and analyzes in some detail the main methods of disputing sea control – avoiding/seeking decisive encounters, weakening enemy naval forces over time, counter-containment of enemy naval forces, destroying the enemy’s military-economic potential at sea, attacks on the enemy coast, defense of the coast, defense/capturing important positions/basing areas, and defense/capturing of a choke point. A majority of the world’s navies are currently of small or medium-size. In the case of a war with a much stronger opponent, they would be strategically on the defensive, and their main objective then would be to dispute control of the sea by a stronger side at sea. This book provides a practical guide to such a strategy. This book would be of much interest to students of naval power, maritime security, strategic studies and military/naval history.
Maritime Strategy and Sea Denial: Theory and Practice (Cass Series: Naval Policy and History)
by Milan VegoThis book focuses on the theory and practice of maritime strategy and operations by the weaker powers at sea. Illustrated by examples from naval and military history, the book explains and analyzes the strategies of the weaker side at sea in both peacetime and wartime; in defense versus offense; the main prerequisites for disputing control of the sea; and the conceptual framework of disputing control of the sea. It also explains and analyzes in some detail the main methods of disputing sea control – avoiding/seeking decisive encounters, weakening enemy naval forces over time, counter-containment of enemy naval forces, destroying the enemy’s military-economic potential at sea, attacks on the enemy coast, defense of the coast, defense/capturing important positions/basing areas, and defense/capturing of a choke point. A majority of the world’s navies are currently of small or medium-size. In the case of a war with a much stronger opponent, they would be strategically on the defensive, and their main objective then would be to dispute control of the sea by a stronger side at sea. This book provides a practical guide to such a strategy. This book would be of much interest to students of naval power, maritime security, strategic studies and military/naval history.
Maritime Strategy for Medium Powers (Routledge Library Editions: International Security Studies #11)
by Rear Admiral HillThis book, first published in 1986, argues that there is a special category of medium powers in the world – such as Britain, France, India, Brazil, Japan, China and others – which have sufficient military power to do something to protect their interests but which are not a match for the superpowers. It surveys the whole range of naval warfare – equipment, operations, organisation and deployment – and discusses how each item should be tailored by the recognition of the position of the medium power. It considers alliances, a key element for medium powers, and explores how these should be handled and what use they may be expected to fulfil. The book argues that the concept of medium power, here developed thoroughly for the first time, will be extremely useful to many countries in defining their strategic role in a purposeful way.
Maritime Strategy for Medium Powers (Routledge Library Editions: International Security Studies #11)
by Rear Admiral HillThis book, first published in 1986, argues that there is a special category of medium powers in the world – such as Britain, France, India, Brazil, Japan, China and others – which have sufficient military power to do something to protect their interests but which are not a match for the superpowers. It surveys the whole range of naval warfare – equipment, operations, organisation and deployment – and discusses how each item should be tailored by the recognition of the position of the medium power. It considers alliances, a key element for medium powers, and explores how these should be handled and what use they may be expected to fulfil. The book argues that the concept of medium power, here developed thoroughly for the first time, will be extremely useful to many countries in defining their strategic role in a purposeful way.
Mark IV vs A7V: Villers-Bretonneux 1918 (Duel #49)
by Peter Dennis David R. Higgins Mr Ian PalmerThe German A7V and the British Mark IV were similar in weight, size, and speed, but differed significantly in armour, armament and maneuverability. The A7V had thicker armour, and had nearly double the horsepower per ton. The Mark IV's pair of side-mounted 6pdr cannons forced the vehicle to present its side arc to an enemy in order to fire one of its main guns. Possessing twice as many machine guns as the Mark IV, the A7V had a frontally mounted 57mm gun that proved capable of defeating the Mark IV's armour. The Mark IV's rhomboid design proved superior in crossing trenches, climbing obstacles and moving over rough terrain. As the first tank-versus-tank engagement in history, the fighting around Villers-Bretonneux showcased the British Mark IV and German A7V designs. Although not purpose-built to combat enemy armour, both vehicles proved the viability of such operations, which during the postwar period led to key advances in suspension, armour, gunsights, ammunition, and command and control. While the British continued to develop their armoured forces, German armour development never materialized, and only in the postwar period did they address the issue.
Mark IV vs A7V: Villers-Bretonneux 1918 (Duel #49)
by Peter Dennis Ian Palmer David R. HigginsThe German A7V and the British Mark IV were similar in weight, size, and speed, but differed significantly in armour, armament and maneuverability. The A7V had thicker armour, and had nearly double the horsepower per ton. The Mark IV's pair of side-mounted 6pdr cannons forced the vehicle to present its side arc to an enemy in order to fire one of its main guns. Possessing twice as many machine guns as the Mark IV, the A7V had a frontally mounted 57mm gun that proved capable of defeating the Mark IV's armour. The Mark IV's rhomboid design proved superior in crossing trenches, climbing obstacles and moving over rough terrain. As the first tank-versus-tank engagement in history, the fighting around Villers-Bretonneux showcased the British Mark IV and German A7V designs. Although not purpose-built to combat enemy armour, both vehicles proved the viability of such operations, which during the postwar period led to key advances in suspension, armour, gunsights, ammunition, and command and control. While the British continued to develop their armoured forces, German armour development never materialized, and only in the postwar period did they address the issue.
Mark V Tank (New Vanguard)
by Henry Morshead David FletcherAlthough, to the casual eye, all British tanks of World War I look much the same, the Mark V is quite outstanding and has a strong claim to be the tank that won the Great War. In this title, renowned tank expert David Fletcher examines the technological developments that made this tank excel where others had failed, and the reasons why it gave the British the upper hand over the Germans on the battlefield and why it was adopted by the US Tank Corps. Accompanied by detailed artwork showing the design changes that allowed the Mark V to breach the widest German trenches, this title is an excellent resource for the study of the armour of World War I.
Mark V Tank (New Vanguard #178)
by Henry Morshead David FletcherAlthough, to the casual eye, all British tanks of World War I look much the same, the Mark V is quite outstanding and has a strong claim to be the tank that won the Great War. In this title, renowned tank expert David Fletcher examines the technological developments that made this tank excel where others had failed, and the reasons why it gave the British the upper hand over the Germans on the battlefield and why it was adopted by the US Tank Corps. Accompanied by detailed artwork showing the design changes that allowed the Mark V to breach the widest German trenches, this title is an excellent resource for the study of the armour of World War I.