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Comparative Equality and Anti-Discrimination Law, Third Edition
by David B. Oppenheimer Sheila R. Foster Sora Y. Han Richard T. FordThis revised and updated casebook comprehensively compares the U.S. legal approach to problems of inequality and discrimination with the approaches of a variety of other legal systems around the world, including those in Europe, South Africa, China, Colombia, India and Brazil. This book provides an introduction to theories of equality and sources of equality law, and examines inequality and discrimination based on gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation and identity, religion and disability. Key features: • Extensive chapter notes add critical context to areas of developing law • Analysis of a range of sources: each chapter includes case law, treaty law, statutory law, regulatory law and legal scholarship • A comparative problem-based approach, using concrete issues of inequality and discrimination to help students focus on real world concerns • Examination of key contested topics such as marriage inequality, the rights of persons with disabilities, affirmative action, reproductive rights, employment discrimination and hate speech • A supplementary online course with additional content and guidance for both students and instructors is available through Stanford Law School. Written in a thorough yet accessible style and with contributions from leading international legal scholars, this casebook is ideal for lecture courses, seminars and summer programs in equality and anti-discrimination in law schools, as well as undergraduate courses in law, political science and sociology.
Comparative European Party Systems: An Analysis of Parliamentary Elections Since 1945
by Alan SiaroffComparative European Party Systems, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive analysis across 48 party systems of party competition, electoral systems and their effects, and the classification of party systems and governments from 1945 through late-2018. The book consists of three parts. Part I provides a comparative and quantitative overview of party systems according to party families, patterns of party competition, electoral systems and their effects, and classification of party systems and governments. Part II consists of 38 detailed country profiles of longstanding democracies and of the European Union (plus nine profiles on regions such as in Spain and the UK), providing essential detail on the electoral systems, parties, party patterns and systems, dimensions of political competition, and governments. Part III provides an analysis of 10 additional country profiles of oscillating regimes such as Russia, Ukraine, and Balkan and Transcaucasus states. Comparative European Party Systems provides an excellent overview of topical issues in comparative election and party system research and presents a wealth of information and quantitative data. It is a crucial reference for scholars and students of European and comparative politics, elections, electoral systems, and parties and party systems.
Comparative European Party Systems: An Analysis of Parliamentary Elections Since 1945 (Contemporary Issues In European Politics Ser. #Vol. 5)
by Alan SiaroffComparative European Party Systems, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive analysis across 48 party systems of party competition, electoral systems and their effects, and the classification of party systems and governments from 1945 through late-2018. The book consists of three parts. Part I provides a comparative and quantitative overview of party systems according to party families, patterns of party competition, electoral systems and their effects, and classification of party systems and governments. Part II consists of 38 detailed country profiles of longstanding democracies and of the European Union (plus nine profiles on regions such as in Spain and the UK), providing essential detail on the electoral systems, parties, party patterns and systems, dimensions of political competition, and governments. Part III provides an analysis of 10 additional country profiles of oscillating regimes such as Russia, Ukraine, and Balkan and Transcaucasus states. Comparative European Party Systems provides an excellent overview of topical issues in comparative election and party system research and presents a wealth of information and quantitative data. It is a crucial reference for scholars and students of European and comparative politics, elections, electoral systems, and parties and party systems.
Comparative European Politics (Chapman & Hall Pure and Applied Mathematics)
by Josep M. ColomerThis is a clear, comprehensive and authoritative introduction to the institutional regimes of countries in Western Europe written by an outstanding group of political scientists. Completely revised and updated throughout, Comparative European Politics 3rd edition: provides a complete coverage of individual countries or group of countries, as well as to the European Union allowing readers to draw sophisticated comparisons between countries is written to a common template so that each chapter explores political parties, elections and electoral rules, parliaments, local, regional and state governments, and the relations between domestic institutions and the European Union.
Comparative European Politics (Chapman & Hall Pure and Applied Mathematics)
by Josep M. ColomerThis is a clear, comprehensive and authoritative introduction to the institutional regimes of countries in Western Europe written by an outstanding group of political scientists. Completely revised and updated throughout, Comparative European Politics 3rd edition: provides a complete coverage of individual countries or group of countries, as well as to the European Union allowing readers to draw sophisticated comparisons between countries is written to a common template so that each chapter explores political parties, elections and electoral rules, parliaments, local, regional and state governments, and the relations between domestic institutions and the European Union.
Comparative European Politics: Distinctive Democracies, Common Challenges
by Neil Robinson Rory CostelloThis essential guide to comparative European politics provides the broadest range of coverage on Europe, illustrated via the widest range of examples, applied to contemporary events. In Comparative European Politics the team of expert authors explore the politics of a range of European countries, providing insight into everything you need to know on the subject, from the fundamentals of democratic politics, institutions, and practices of government, to key contemporary challenges. Key Features · A broad introduction to contemporary European politics, providing an accessible introduction to the fundamental elements of European democracies, institutions, and practices of government · A unique emphasis on contemporary political issues sees a whole part dedicated to common challenges, which explores issues such as immigration, European integration, the financial crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic · Includes up-to-date examples such as growing instability in Europe, Brexit, recent migration policies, the threat of international terrorism, and the rise of anti-establishment parties, to help students understand the real-world context of European politics · Developed with engaging learning features such as end of chapter discussion questions, 'thinking comparatively' sections, and 'over to you' boxes, to help students understand 'why' and 'how' to compare European countries and their political systems · Provides comprehensive coverage of the 27 member states of the European Union, additionally drawing on examples from the UK, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Serbia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina · Written by leading scholars in the field who provide clear analysis on complex subjects, intricate relationships, and controversial issues · Also available as an e-book with functionality, navigation features, and links that offer extra learning support New to this Edition · Three new chapters cover topics around climate politics and policy, national governments in the European Union's political system, and populism and its challenges to democracy. · A reorganized table of contents adds clarity. · Updated tables and figures and the addition of photos offer an engaging learning experience. Digital formats and resources Comparative European Politics is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources. The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with self-test multiple choice questions, functionality tools, navigation features, and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks The digital version, available on Politics Trove, is also accompanied by online resources. These include: For students: - Over thirty European country profiles, from Austria to the UK, with useful data for comparison including population size, gender equality, political parties, and electoral systems. - Helpful links to relevant online tools with instructions for use, including voting advice applications from European countries For lecturers: - Save time preparing for seminars with activities created to help engage students - PowerPoint slides with a deck for each chapter to help build lecture materials
Comparative Executive Power in Europe: Perspectives on Accountability from Law, History and Political Science (Routledge Research in Constitutional Law)
by Marcel Morabito Guillaume TusseauThis book provides an up-to-date interdisciplinary assessment of the accountability of executive power in different European States and at the European Union level. From a legal perspective, it wonders to what extent the forms of responsibility and accountability of executive power have evolved in terms of legal technique or framework. From a historical perspective, it looks at the evolution of responsibility paradigms. From a political science perspective, it examines responsibility and the expectations of European democracies in terms of authority and efficiency. The volume also has a quantitative aspect identifying, gathering and analysing statistical material on responsibility and accountability in current political regimes. The book will be a valuable resource for researchers, academics, and policy-makers in constitutional law and politics, public law, comparative law, comparative politics, legal history and government.
Comparative Executive Power in Europe: Perspectives on Accountability from Law, History and Political Science (Routledge Research in Constitutional Law)
This book provides an up-to-date interdisciplinary assessment of the accountability of executive power in different European States and at the European Union level. From a legal perspective, it wonders to what extent the forms of responsibility and accountability of executive power have evolved in terms of legal technique or framework. From a historical perspective, it looks at the evolution of responsibility paradigms. From a political science perspective, it examines responsibility and the expectations of European democracies in terms of authority and efficiency. The volume also has a quantitative aspect identifying, gathering and analysing statistical material on responsibility and accountability in current political regimes. The book will be a valuable resource for researchers, academics, and policy-makers in constitutional law and politics, public law, comparative law, comparative politics, legal history and government.
Comparative Federalism: Theory and Practice
by Michael BurgessA new examination of contemporary federalism and federation, which delivers a detailed theoretical study underpinned by fresh case studies. It is grounded in a clear distinction between 'federations', particular kinds of states, and 'federalism', the thinking that drives and promotes them. It also details the origins, formation, evolution and operations of federal political interests, through an authoritative series of chapters that: analyze the conceptual bases of federalism and federation through the evolution of the intellectual debate on federalism; the American Federal experience; the origins of federal states; and the relationship between state-building and national integration explore comparative federalism and federation by looking at five main pathways into comparative analysis with empirical studies on the US, Canada, Australia, India, Malaysia, Belgium, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and the EU explore the pathology of federations, looking at failures and successes, the impact of globalization. The final chapter also presents a definitive assessment of federal theory. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers of federalism, devolution, comparative politics and government.
Comparative Federalism: Theory and Practice
by Michael BurgessA new examination of contemporary federalism and federation, which delivers a detailed theoretical study underpinned by fresh case studies. It is grounded in a clear distinction between 'federations', particular kinds of states, and 'federalism', the thinking that drives and promotes them. It also details the origins, formation, evolution and operations of federal political interests, through an authoritative series of chapters that: analyze the conceptual bases of federalism and federation through the evolution of the intellectual debate on federalism; the American Federal experience; the origins of federal states; and the relationship between state-building and national integration explore comparative federalism and federation by looking at five main pathways into comparative analysis with empirical studies on the US, Canada, Australia, India, Malaysia, Belgium, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and the EU explore the pathology of federations, looking at failures and successes, the impact of globalization. The final chapter also presents a definitive assessment of federal theory. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers of federalism, devolution, comparative politics and government.
Comparative Federalism: A Pluralist Exploration (Federalism and Internal Conflicts)
by Alain-G. Gagnon Félix Mathieu Dave GuénetteThis edited volume provides a solid yet accessible set of contributions for students, specialists and practitioners of federalism. It also reflects a commitment to normalising the connection between federal studies and scholarship on pluralism and diversity management. To shed light on a specific theme through a rigorous and comprehensive approach, most chapters compare at least two federal systems in connection with a given institutional matter or area of public policy. Acknowledgements The editors of the volume would like to extend their warmest thanks to the Programme d'appui à la recherche of the Secrétariat du Québec aux relations canadiennes, the Groupe de recherche sur les sociétés plurinationales, the Centre d'analyse politique – Constitution et fédéralisme, and the Canada Research Chair in Quebec and Canadian Studies. This project would not have been possible without their most generous support. The editors would also like to thank the entire editorial team at Palgrave Macmillan. In particular, they are grateful to Soeren Keil and Eva Maria Belser, who enthusiastically welcomed the present project into their Federalism and Internal Conflicts series, and to Ambra Finotello, Hemapriya Eswanth and Zeenathul Raeesa Ismail for their editorial support. They would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers who helped to improve the overall quality of this collective work. - Félix, Dave, and Alain
Comparative Federalism: A Study in Judicial Interpretation
by Victor S. MacKinnonModem societies, - like organized societies of all eras, - suffer from antithetical aspirations, from competing institutionalizations of that which is desirable, and that which, though unwelcome, is inevitable. Men clearly see the advantages of localism, of the self determination of small peoples, of l' amour du chocher uninhibited by imperial sovereign ty. At the same time men everywhere are seeing the clear necessity of bigness in organization of national effort. When the question is military organization no one has much doubt that strength derives from power ful union. The Swiss, to be sure, have continued independent not because of their power, but because of the convenience of their in dependent existence. In a world-society of titans, there must be members who are small, respected, independent and unfeared, available to be intermediaries. If Switzerland did not exist, it would have been necessary to invent her. But the power centers are those with the big battalions and the megatons of bombs; both demand great aggregates. Tomorrow's military power structure is calculated in the hundreds of millions of people. The world will afford only a few Switzerlands. The drive toward bigness is as inevitable in the economic world as in that of destructive machines. Economic problems in the next century, and in the next after it, will require the concentrated re sources of the nations; we must produce adequate food for the billions, or else billions will war against billions.
Comparative Federalism and Covid-19: Combating the Pandemic (Routledge Studies in Federalism and Decentralization)
by Nico SteytlerThis comprehensive scholarly book on comparative federalism and the Covid-19 pandemic is written by some of the world’s leading federal scholars and national experts. The Covid-19 pandemic presented an unprecedented emergency for countries worldwide, including all those with a federal or hybrid-federal system of government, which account for more than 40 per cent of the world’s population. With case studies from 19 federal countries, this book explores the core elements of federalism that came to the fore in combatting the pandemic: the division of responsibilities (disaster management, health care, social welfare, and education), the need for centralisation, and intergovernmental relations and cooperation. As the pandemic struck federal countries at roughly the same time, it provided a unique opportunity for comparative research on the question of how the various federal systems responded. The authors adopt a multidisciplinary approach to question whether federalism has been a help or a hindrance in tackling the pandemic. The value of the book lies in understanding how the Covid-19 pandemic affected federal dynamics and how it may have changed them, as well as providing useful lessons for how to combat such pandemics in federal countries in the future. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of politics and international relations, comparative federalism, health care, and disaster management. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Comparative Federalism and Covid-19: Combating the Pandemic (Routledge Studies in Federalism and Decentralization)
by Nico SteytlerThis comprehensive scholarly book on comparative federalism and the Covid-19 pandemic is written by some of the world’s leading federal scholars and national experts. The Covid-19 pandemic presented an unprecedented emergency for countries worldwide, including all those with a federal or hybrid-federal system of government, which account for more than 40 per cent of the world’s population. With case studies from 19 federal countries, this book explores the core elements of federalism that came to the fore in combatting the pandemic: the division of responsibilities (disaster management, health care, social welfare, and education), the need for centralisation, and intergovernmental relations and cooperation. As the pandemic struck federal countries at roughly the same time, it provided a unique opportunity for comparative research on the question of how the various federal systems responded. The authors adopt a multidisciplinary approach to question whether federalism has been a help or a hindrance in tackling the pandemic. The value of the book lies in understanding how the Covid-19 pandemic affected federal dynamics and how it may have changed them, as well as providing useful lessons for how to combat such pandemics in federal countries in the future. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of politics and international relations, comparative federalism, health care, and disaster management. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Comparative Federalism and Intergovernmental Agreements: Analyzing Australia, Canada, Germany, South Africa, Switzerland and the United States (Routledge Studies in Federalism and Decentralization)
by Jeffrey ParkerIntergovernmental agreements are an important instrument in federal systems, establishing new social programs, regulating agricultural practices, and even changing constitutions. Despite their importance, there have only been limited attempts to understand agreements in a comparative context or to provide a theoretical framework for their study. This book addresses both of these deficiencies by comparing the use of agreements in six federations (Australia, Canada, Germany, South Africa, Switzerland and the United States) and considering why certain federations form more agreements than others. Parker analyzes the data using an institutional framework that considers the effects of seven variables, including the constitutional division of powers, the system of intergovernmental transfers, the size of the welfare state and the nature of governing institutions. In addition, the study provides the first ever comparative database of national intergovernmental agreements — a new resource for future research. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of Political Science, Federalism, Government, Political Institutions, Political Theory and Comparative Politics.
Comparative Federalism and Intergovernmental Agreements: Analyzing Australia, Canada, Germany, South Africa, Switzerland and the United States (Routledge Studies in Federalism and Decentralization)
by Jeffrey ParkerIntergovernmental agreements are an important instrument in federal systems, establishing new social programs, regulating agricultural practices, and even changing constitutions. Despite their importance, there have only been limited attempts to understand agreements in a comparative context or to provide a theoretical framework for their study. This book addresses both of these deficiencies by comparing the use of agreements in six federations (Australia, Canada, Germany, South Africa, Switzerland and the United States) and considering why certain federations form more agreements than others. Parker analyzes the data using an institutional framework that considers the effects of seven variables, including the constitutional division of powers, the system of intergovernmental transfers, the size of the welfare state and the nature of governing institutions. In addition, the study provides the first ever comparative database of national intergovernmental agreements — a new resource for future research. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of Political Science, Federalism, Government, Political Institutions, Political Theory and Comparative Politics.
Comparative Federalism in Asia: Democracy, Ethnicity and Religion (Politics in Asia)
by Baogang He Michael G. Breen Laura Allison-ReumannHe, Breen and Allison-Reumann combine qualitative and quantitative research to compare the successes and failures of attempts at Federalism in Asian countries. Federalism is an increasingly common approach to improving governance and resolving ethnic conflict in Asia. However, Asian federalism faces three thorny problems. First, the ethnic federalism paradigm dominates political and intellectual life, rendering political compromise difficult and creating an obstacle to establishing or improving federalism in Asia. Second, religious fundamentalism and secular refusal to accommodate religious demands pose an existential threat to federal politics. Third, a majoritarian democracy is itself a threat to federalism in Asia, and the peace and stability that it is meant to underpin. Through a truly comparative analysis, He, Breen and Allison-Reumann investigate the potential for a hybrid-ethnic approach, religious moderation and deliberative democracy to overcome these challenges. They analyse cases from across Asia – both successes and failures. These include countries encompassing the first generation of federalism in Asia - India, Malaysia and Pakistan - and challenges faced by the new, emerging and aspiring federal states, namely Nepal, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka. They demonstrate how federalism can be achieved through compromise and a continual renegotiation of its underpinning values. A vital resource for scholars of political systems in Asia, and of federalism more broadly.
Comparative Federalism in Asia: Democracy, Ethnicity and Religion (Politics in Asia)
by Baogang He Michael G. Breen Laura Allison-ReumannHe, Breen and Allison-Reumann combine qualitative and quantitative research to compare the successes and failures of attempts at Federalism in Asian countries. Federalism is an increasingly common approach to improving governance and resolving ethnic conflict in Asia. However, Asian federalism faces three thorny problems. First, the ethnic federalism paradigm dominates political and intellectual life, rendering political compromise difficult and creating an obstacle to establishing or improving federalism in Asia. Second, religious fundamentalism and secular refusal to accommodate religious demands pose an existential threat to federal politics. Third, a majoritarian democracy is itself a threat to federalism in Asia, and the peace and stability that it is meant to underpin. Through a truly comparative analysis, He, Breen and Allison-Reumann investigate the potential for a hybrid-ethnic approach, religious moderation and deliberative democracy to overcome these challenges. They analyse cases from across Asia – both successes and failures. These include countries encompassing the first generation of federalism in Asia - India, Malaysia and Pakistan - and challenges faced by the new, emerging and aspiring federal states, namely Nepal, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka. They demonstrate how federalism can be achieved through compromise and a continual renegotiation of its underpinning values. A vital resource for scholars of political systems in Asia, and of federalism more broadly.
Comparative Governance Reform in Asia: Democracy, Corruption, and Government Trust (Research in Public Policy Analysis and Management #17)
by Clay Wescott Bidhya BowornwathanaAsian countries are highly diverse in terms of their wealth, culture, and historical experience. Yet, in different ways, they are working hard to improve public sector governance in areas such as democratic accountability, openness, transparency, integrity, government trust, high performance standards and combating corruption. The chapters in this book analyze and compare the experiences of Asian countries in carrying out governance reforms. Some of the questions tackled in this title are: how common reform packages designed for developed countries are implemented in developing countries? What happens in the reform diffusion process? What are the obstacles to reform success? The diversity of the Asian region is well reflected in these chapters, covering a range of topics, theories, methodologies, and findings. The book will be of interest to both academics and practitioners researching and working with public policy in the region.
Comparative Government: A Reader
by Jean BlondelThis textbook provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the institutions and patterns of behaviour of the countries of the contemporary world. The various political systems are compared and contrasted both in general terms and according to their characteristic structures. today, the characteristics and the role of groups, and the effect of the communications media. It examines in depth the origins, bases, and structures of political parties, the type of party system and the overall role of parties in contemporary politics. It then goes on to examine the formal institutions, analyzing the role of constitutions, the extent of decentralization, the characteristics of legislatures and the structure and impact of executives and political leaders. A final section is devoted to the part played by bureaucracies, the military and the courts in political life and discusses the extent to which ordinary people participate directly in politics.
Comparative Government
by Dragoljub PopovićConcise and clear in expression, Comparative Government covers contemporary systems of government, as well as relics of the past, in an excellent introduction to the profound study of comparative constitutional law. Dragoljub Popović has undertaken this task to display the subject in its current stage of development, concentrating on several focal points. Based on research of their characteristic features, decision-making mechanisms and lines of evolution, the author explores parliamentary, presidential, semi-presidential, power sharing and the supra-national level forms of government in an entertaining narrative and provides tools for the reader to classify and understand governments worldwide. Comparative Government will prove essential, for its comprehensive yet concise scope, to students of law, political sciences and international relations, as well as academics in the same areas, civil servants, diplomats, legislation drafters, policy makers and practicing lawyers.
Comparative Government and Politics: An Introduction, 9th Edition (PDF)
by Rod HagueThe classic introduction to political science has been thoroughly updated for this new edition. Retaining its characteristic clarity of expression and breadth of coverage, it provides a lively account of the events and forces shaping politics in today's interconnected world. Fully revised throughout, this edition includes additional material on elections and voters, increased coverage of rising powers such as India and China, and a broader range of international examples. The text is supported by a variety of carefully designed features throughout: Full-page Profiles on individual countries and the European Union give overviews of the different types of political systems around the world. Associated Spotlight articles examine important features of those systems - from voting in Venezuela to democracy in India. End-of-chapter discussion questions and further reading help to consolidate knowledge. New Studying boxes introduce major themes addressed by political scientists and highlight key issues involved in studying and researching each topic.
Comparative Government and Politics: An Introduction, 8th Edition (PDF)
by Rod Hague Martin HarropThe classic introduction to political science has been comprehensively updated for this new edition. Retaining the clarity of expression and breadth of coverage that has made it the introduction of choice for generations of students, it provides a lively and up-to-date account of the events and forces shaping politics in today's interconnected world. Thoroughly updated throughout, this new edition includes separate chapters on theoretical approaches and research strategies in political science, as well as increased coverage of security, media, culture, law and regulation. Carefully designed learning features illustrate the text throughout. These include: * full-page Profiles on individual countries and the European Union, with associated Spotlights linked to each chapter * on-page glossary definitions for key terms and timelines of key events * guides to additional learning resources for each chapter * a companion website providing additional resources and activities The companion website is available at www. palgrave. com/politics/hague and provides: * a dictionary of comparative politics * debates showing both sides of major controversies * interactive quizzes and essay questions * a guide to comparative politics on the internet * web links and an at-a-glance guide to chapter references * chapter summaries
Comparative Government and Politics: An Introduction (Comparative Government and Politics)
by Rod Hague Martin HarropAlready established as the leading text in the field, the third edition of Comparative Government and Politics is comprehensively revised and substantially rewritten to cover the collapse of communism, the extension of democracy in the Second and Third Worlds, and the growing internationalisation of political and economic life. The book has been completely redesigned and includes an extended range of international examples and exhibits as well as many editorial and presentational innovations to make it even more lively and accessible for students.
Comparative Government And Politics: An Introduction, 10th Edition (PDF)
by Rod Hague Martin Harrop John MccormickThis is a thoroughly revised and updated tenth edition of the classic text in the field of comparative politics. Now co-authored by John McCormick, this comprehensive and lively text continues to introduce students to the key concepts, approaches and arguments that will enable them to successfully compare the fundamentals, structures and processes of political systems across the globe. Taking full account of the institutions of government and the different political cultures that both influence and are impacted by political developments, the authors offer detailed analysis of democracies and authoritarian regimes. This edition includes a much wider range of international case studies, particularly expanded to include more from Latin America and Africa and to reflect the emerging powers on the world stage. The book is also newly supported by a variety of carefully designed supporting features: - Spotlights on individual countries offer profiles of the different types of political systems around the world - Chapter Previews, Overviews, Key Arguments, Discussion Questions and Further Reading help consolidate knowledge - New Focus boxes give more insight into important issues discussed in the text - Key Concepts are defined throughout the text in a concise and easily digestible style. This renowned text is the essential, and accessible, introduction to the study of comparative politics for students of political science everywhere.