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Academic Freedom: Autonomy, Challenges and Conformation
by Robert Ceglie Sherwood ThompsonFramed in the context of a world in which academic freedom is often jeopardized, or criticized by outside social forces, Academic Freedom: Autonomy, Challenges and Conformation sets out to echo the voices of faculty who have encountered challenges to academic freedom within their personal and professional careers. Including chapters which range from showcasing specific experiences within particular disciplines, to providing broad historical or philosophical perspectives, this edited collection provides an authentic account of how academic freedom has helped and hindered the academic profession, scholarship, and teaching. Revealing one-on-one interactions which shed light on the views of individual educators, this book shifts focus onto the day-to-day ramifications of limited academic freedom. Faculty members recollect occasions where they have experienced a challenge to their ability to exchange ideas and concepts freely in the classroom, to explore and disseminate new knowledge, and to speak professionally and privately on topics in their field of expertise without being under duress. Offering up a finely curated collection of chapters, editors Ceglie and Thompson allow readers to understand the dynamic between academic freedom and professional responsibilities, and also open up an opportunity to discuss challenges to academic freedom and the potential loss of autonomy in higher education in the United States and beyond.
Academic Freedom: From Professional Norm to First Amendment Right
by David M. Rabban“The best kind of scholarship—deeply researched and immensely useful. Wherever you stand on issues of free speech and academic freedom, you will learn from this book.” —Michael Roth, President of Wesleyan University and author of Safe Enough SpacesA definitive interpretation of academic freedom as a First Amendment right, drawing on a comprehensive survey of legal cases.Is academic freedom a First Amendment right? Many think so, yet its relationship to free speech as guaranteed by the Constitution is anything but straightforward. David Rabban examines the extensive case law addressing academic freedom and free speech at American universities, developing a robust theory of academic freedom as a distinctive subset of First Amendment law.In subsuming academic freedom under the First Amendment, Rabban emphasizes the societal value of the contribution to knowledge made by the expert speech of professors, the classic justification for academic freedom in the influential 1915 Declaration of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP). Any indication that professors might be disciplined because people without academic training disagree with their scholarly views would undermine confidence in the integrity of their work and therefore their ability to perform this vital function on behalf of the public. Rabban argues that academic freedom fosters two central First Amendment values recognized by courts in a wide range of contexts: the production and dissemination of knowledge and the contribution of free expression to democratic citizenship.The First Amendment right of academic freedom applies most directly to professors, but it also plausibly extends to the educational decisions of universities and to students’ learning interests. More broadly, this vision of academic freedom can guide in developing additional distinctive First Amendment rights to protect the expert expression of journalists, librarians, museum curators, and other professionals. At a time when academic freedom is under attack from many directions, Academic Freedom proposes a theoretically satisfying and practically useful guide to its meaning as a First Amendment right.
Academic Freedom: Autonomy, Challenges and Conformation
by Robert Ceglie, Sherwood ThompsonFramed in the context of a world in which academic freedom is often jeopardized, or criticized by outside social forces, Academic Freedom: Autonomy, Challenges and Conformation sets out to echo the voices of faculty who have encountered challenges to academic freedom within their personal and professional careers. Including chapters which range from showcasing specific experiences within particular disciplines, to providing broad historical or philosophical perspectives, this edited collection provides an authentic account of how academic freedom has helped and hindered the academic profession, scholarship, and teaching. Revealing one-on-one interactions which shed light on the views of individual educators, this book shifts focus onto the day-to-day ramifications of limited academic freedom. Faculty members recollect occasions where they have experienced a challenge to their ability to exchange ideas and concepts freely in the classroom, to explore and disseminate new knowledge, and to speak professionally and privately on topics in their field of expertise without being under duress. Offering up a finely curated collection of chapters, editors Ceglie and Thompson allow readers to understand the dynamic between academic freedom and professional responsibilities, and also open up an opportunity to discuss challenges to academic freedom and the potential loss of autonomy in higher education in the United States and beyond.
Academic Freedom in an Age of Conformity: Confronting the Fear of Knowledge (Palgrave Critical University Studies)
by Joanna WilliamsAcademic freedom is increasingly being threatened by a stifling culture of conformity in higher education that is restricting individual academics, the freedom of academic thought and the progress of knowledge – the very foundations upon which academia and universities are built. Once, scholars demanded academic freedom to critique existing knowledge and to pursue new truths. Today, while fondness for the rhetoric of academic freedom remains, it is increasingly criticised as an outdated and elitist concept by students and lecturers alike and called into question by a number of political and intellectual trends such as feminism, critical theory and identity politics. This provocative and compelling book traces the demise of academic freedom within the context of changing ideas about the purpose of the university and the nature of knowledge. The book argues that a challenge to this culture of conformity and censorship and a defence of academic free speech are needed for critique to be possible and for the intellectual project of evaluating existing knowledge and proposing new knowledge to be meaningful. This book is that challenge and a passionate call to arms for the power of academic thought today.
Academic Freedom in the European Context: Legal, Philosophical and Institutional Perspectives (Palgrave Critical University Studies)
by Ralf Lüfter Ivo De Gennaro Hannes HofmeisterThis book explores the concept of academic freedom from a European vantage point. Drawing on both philosophical and legal perspectives, the editors and contributors analyse the concept of academic freedom within the present institutional setting. Academic freedom has long been considered a natural part of higher education, but as the world enters the digital age, a renewed understanding of its role and the threats it must face is required. The authors question the purpose of science without freedom, and subsequently the purpose of political communities without free science. Although the book uses European case studies to answer these questions, it undoubtedly has global relevance: what would be left of the present notion of the ‘global world’ were we to conceive of its character without modern science? This book calls for a critical re-examination of the academic community and its own understanding of the sources, conditions and aims of scientific practice.
Academic Freedom in the Post-9/11 Era (Education, Politics and Public Life)
by Edward J. Carvalho David B. DowningAcademic freedom has been a principle that undergirds the university since 1915. Beyond this, it also protects a spirit of free inquiry essential to a democratic society. But in the post-9/11 present, the basic principles of academic freedom have been deeply challenged. There have been many startling instances where the rhetoric of national security and terror, corporate interests, and privatization have cast a pall over the terrain of academic freedom. In the post-9/11 university, professors face job loss or tenure denial for speaking against state power, while their students pay more tuition and fall deeper in debt. This timely collection features an impressive assembly of the nation s leading intellectuals, addressing some of the most urgent issues facing higher education in the United States today. Spanning a wide array of disciplinary fields, Academic Freedom in the Post-9/11 Era seeks to intervene on the economic and political crises that are compromising the future of our educational institutions.
Academic Freedom Under Siege: Higher Education in East Asia, the U.S. and Australia (Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects #54)
by Zhidong Hao Peter ZabielskisThis book argues that academic freedom in higher education in East Asia, the U.S. and Australia is under stress. Academic freedom means freedom to teach, research, and serve in multiple political and social roles based on professional principles. It is closely linked to shared governance, in which academics participate in and influence decision making in core academic concerns such as choosing new faculty, faculty promotion, tenure decisions and the approval of new academic programs.In different countries and regions, the duress confronting academic freedom may come from different directions, and the ability of faculty to share power can vary greatly. In authoritarian mainland China, it is mostly political and ideological controls that greatly affect academic freedom, and shared governance is very much limited. In semi-democracies like Hong Kong and Macau and democracies like Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, the U.S. and Australia, corporatization and commercialization have had great impact on both academic freedom and shared governance. The result is that the roles professors play within academia are continually being diminished and the academic profession is struggling to maintain its ground. Similar developments are also occurring in Europe. These developments should cause great concern to educators, researchers and policymakers everywhere. The authors collected here present attempts to learn from current practice in order to move policy into directions that will help protect higher education as a common good. This book highlights the importance of academic freedom and provides insights into the ways it is being infringed both by commercialization and corporatization on the one hand and political repression on the other. It vividly illustrates detailed case studies and empirical data that make it a compelling read.- Professor Ruth Hayhoe, University of Toronto, Canada Academic freedom is as important today as at any time in the last century. The authors point out the challenges that academic freedom faces on a global scale. The import of the book is in its comparative perspective steeped in data and analysis. Thoughtful. Cogent. Compelling. - Professor William G. Tierney and Professor Wilbur-Kieffer, University of Southern California, United States
Academic Governance in the Contemporary University: Perspectives from Anglophone nations
by Julie RowlandsThis book addresses three central questions in contemporary university governance: (1) How and why has academic governance in Anglophone nations changed in recent years and what impact have these changes had on current practices? (2) How do power relations within universities affect decisions about teaching and research and what are the implications for academic voices? (3) How can those involved in university governance and management improve academic governance processes and outcomes and why is it important that they do so? The book explores these issues in clear, concise and accessible language that will appeal to higher education researchers and governance practitioners alike. It draws on extensive empirical data from key national systems in the Anglophone world but goes beyond the simply descriptive to analyse and explain.
Academic Inbreeding and Mobility in Higher Education: Global Perspectives (Palgrave Studies in Global Higher Education)
by Philip G. Altbach Maria Yudkevich Laura E. RumbleyAcademic inbreeding - appointing one's own graduates for academic positions - is a controversial but surprisingly common practice internationally. This book is the first comparative analysis of the phenomenon - the causes, implications, and future of inbreeding.
Academic Integrity and the Role of the Academic Library: Institutional Examples and Promising Practices (Ethics and Integrity in Educational Contexts #7)
by Josh Seeland Jason OpenoThis book presents the growing interconnection of two pillars from the world’s higher education institutions: academic integrity and libraries. It provides sound examples to extant questions and conversations about whose job it is to teach academic integrity, and what library work is. The role of libraries in supporting academic integrity is not always clear and has not been fully explored. Drawing from library literature and that of academic integrity more broadly, readers are exposed to how libraries are necessary in a holistic approach to academic integrity. Education about academic integrity and the prevention of academic misconduct, for not only students but other institutional stakeholders, are demonstrated as occurring optimally in positive, supportive, and proactive ways. The book details numerous ways in which librarians can work with faculty and other stakeholders using established frameworks such as information literacy and blended librarianship as well as innovative platforms and content. Other contributions involve the identification of potential academic misconduct and administration of academic integrity policies to complete the cycle recommended by the frameworks of global educational quality organizations (QAA, TEQSA). Initiatives presented in the book include those at the course level and institution-wide initiatives involving curriculum, policy, and supports for faculty and students. Also contained are efforts occurring at a national level within professional networks , in addition to international library curriculum. This book provides inspiration to institutions and academic libraries of any size and scope to embrace this emerging role in creating cultures of academic integrity.
Academic Integrity in Canada: An Enduring and Essential Challenge (Ethics and Integrity in Educational Contexts #1)
by Sarah Elaine Eaton Julia Christensen HughesThis open access book presents original contributions and thought leadership on academic integrity from a variety of Canadian scholars. It showcases how our understanding and support for academic integrity have progressed, while pointing out areas urgently requiring more attention.Firmly grounded in the scholarly literature globally, it engages with the experience of local practicioners. It presents aspects of academic integrity that is specific to Canada, such as the existence of an "honour culture", rather than relying on an "honour code". It also includes Indigenous voices and perspectives that challenge traditional understandings of intellectual property, as well as new understandings that have arisen as a consequence of Covid-19 and the significant shift to online and remote learning.This book will be of interest to senior university and college administrators who are interested in ensuring the integrity of their institutions. It will also be of interest to those implementing university and college policy, as well as those who support students in their scholarly work.
Academic Integrity in the Social Sciences: Perspectives on Pedagogy and Practice (Ethics and Integrity in Educational Contexts #6)
by Guy J. CurtisThis international book provides a series of viewpoints on academic integrity from the perspective of social sciences. It brings together multiple aspects of academic integrity, but with the consistent theme of being at a level of analysis that considers people and their place in the world. It covers topics such as how academic integrity can be taught, and why academic integrity breaches occur. This book informs the work of researchers, educators, and practitioners as we go forward in understanding academic integrity and addressing academic misconduct. The social sciences include academic disciplines such as sociology, economics, psychology, education, anthropology, political science, and criminology. Researchers and theorists in these fields offer a range of unique and valuable perspectives on academic integrity with questions ranging from: “Why do students cheat and how best do we teach them not to?” to “What are the societal and political implications of academic cheating?”
Academic Knowledge Production and the Global South: Questioning Inequality and Under-representation
by Márton DemeterThis book investigates and critically interprets the underrepresentation of the global South in global knowledge production. The author analyses the serious bias towards scholars and institutions from this region: he argues that this phenomenon causes serious disadvantages not only for authors and institutions, but global science as well by impeding the flow of fresh, innovative scholarship. This book uses a combination of field theory and world-systems analysis to explain the motives and dynamics behind the geopolitical and societal inequalities in the system of global knowledge production. Subsequently, the author offers several solutions by which these inequalities could be reduced, or even eliminated. This book will be of interest and value to scholars of knowledge inequalities, and knowledge production in the global South.“Márton Demeter’s monograph invokes rich anecdotal, empirical and scientometric evidence to delineate the contours of a world system that preserves the dominance of Western knowledge and scholars and the westernisation or peripheralisation of the rest – a system defined by geopolitical and material inequalities, socio-economic class differences, institutional elitism and publishing biases. Demeter’s work counters narratives that present academia as meritocratic and that justify disparities in world publications on the basis of pure rigour, exposing rather norms and values that perpetuate a western elitist system and peripheralise those who happen to lack this cultural capital. Demeter’s work adds to an expanding field of research documenting how Anglophone standards and biases in journal indexing, peer review and editorial board recruitment marginalise consistently the Global South. His practical and concrete suggestions to subvert this system of horizontal and vertical inequalities could not be timelier and provides momentum to decolonisation movements in higher education across the world.” —Dr Romina Istratii, SOAS University of London, UK“Márton Demeter is a scholar dedicated to revealing the inequality in academic publishing and a strong advocate for scholars from the Global South. This book is an epitome of his effort on this cause. Demeter utilizes his wealth of data including authorships, citations, journal publishers, editorial review board compositions, the reviewers and the editors of journals as strong evidence of inequality with his three-dimensional model of academic stratification. This book is a must-read for scholars both in the Global North and the Global South to reflect on the current state of academic knowledge gatekeeping and production. It will spark a dialogue between scholars to address the dominance of the Global North especially in the field of communication.”—Professor Louisa Ha, Bowling Green State University, USA “Márton Demeter’s analysis and critique of the unequal structure of global knowledge production is a powerful contribution to the global justice movement with dramatic implications for what academics in both the Global North and the Global South can do to help science and the humanities live up to their claims of meritocracy and universality. Demeter employs a useful critical combination of the world-systems perspective and Bourdieusian field theory to organize the results of his careful and sophisticated empirical studies of global knowledge production. He is an intrepid protagonist of a more egalitarian human future.”—Professor Christopher Chase-Dunn, University of California, Riverside, USA
Academic Labour, Unemployment and Global Higher Education: Neoliberal Policies of Funding and Management (Palgrave Critical University Studies)
by Suman Gupta Jernej Habjan Hrvoje TutekThis book explores how the kinds of world-wide restructurings of higher education and research work that are underway today have not only increased employment insecurity in academia but may actually be producing unemployment both for those within academia and for graduate job-seekers in other sectors. Recent and current re-organisations of higher education and research work, and re-orientations of academic life (as students, researchers, teachers) generally, which are taking place around the world, achieve exactly the opposite of what they claim: though ostensibly undertaken to facilitate employment, these moves actually produce unemployment both for those within academia and for graduate job-seekers in other sectors.
Academic Leadership in Higher Education in India: Needs, Issues, and Challenges
by Lokanath MishraThis volume focuses on the need to establish good leadership in academic settings and higher education institutions in India. It provides an understanding of the higher education system, knowledge, skills, and experience required for better leadership and management of academic institutions. The book highlights the importance of practising data-driven decision making for leaders of dynamic organizations within a complex social, political, and economic environment. It explores how a systematic leadership programme needs to be developed to ensure academic leadership effectiveness. While discussing federal and state systems of higher education, policies and regulations, key leadership strategies for improved institutional performance and better institutional governance, the volume outlines how effective academic leadership helps in building teams, nurturing staff, strengthening alliances, developing research capacity and strategic planning, and renewing academic programmes.This volume will be of interest to teachers, students, and researchers of education, higher education, management education, and political economy. It will also be useful for academicians, policy makers, management leaders, and academic leaders.
Academic Leadership in Higher Education in India: Needs, Issues, and Challenges
This volume focuses on the need to establish good leadership in academic settings and higher education institutions in India. It provides an understanding of the higher education system, knowledge, skills, and experience required for better leadership and management of academic institutions. The book highlights the importance of practising data-driven decision making for leaders of dynamic organizations within a complex social, political, and economic environment. It explores how a systematic leadership programme needs to be developed to ensure academic leadership effectiveness. While discussing federal and state systems of higher education, policies and regulations, key leadership strategies for improved institutional performance and better institutional governance, the volume outlines how effective academic leadership helps in building teams, nurturing staff, strengthening alliances, developing research capacity and strategic planning, and renewing academic programmes.This volume will be of interest to teachers, students, and researchers of education, higher education, management education, and political economy. It will also be useful for academicians, policy makers, management leaders, and academic leaders.
Academic Socialization of Young Black and Latino Children: Building On Family Strengths
by Susan Sonnenschein Brook E. SawyerThis book offers a strengths-based, family-focused approach to improving the educational performance and school experience of struggling Black and Latino students. The book discusses educational challenges faced by low-income families of color and the different strengths within Black and Latino family life that can affect these challenges. It focuses building on these strengths within the children’s home environments that can serve as a foundation for subsequent learning. The chapters describe a wide range of family practices and beliefs, including development of interventions to support families that promote early language and literacy, early mathematics, and social skills. The chapters also present quantitative and/or qualitative studies using a strengths-based approach to parents’ socialization of their children’s early academic skills. Topics featured in this book include: Latino and Black parental resources, investments, and beliefsAcademic socialization in the homes of Black and Latino preschool childrenDevelopment of culturally-informed interventions to promote children’s school readiness skillsFamily-school partnerships as a tool for improving educational opportunities.Directions for future research Academic Socialization of Young Black and Latino Children is a must-have resource for researchers, educators, clinicians and related professionals, and graduate students in diverse fields including education, developmental and school psychology, family studies, counseling psychology and social work, and sociology of culture.
The Academic Trumpists: Radicals Against Liberal Diversity
by David L. SwartzThere has been an outpouring of research on populist conservatism since the advent of the Trump presidency and extreme right movements in Europe. Much less studied, however, is the growing political conservatism in the American academy and how it relates to populist sentiment. The Academic Trumpists addresses a gap in the research literature by looking at the impact of Trumpism on conservative faculty. It compares 109 professors who publicly support Trump to 89 conservative professors who oppose Trump. All 198 function as public intellectuals who advocated publicly their views.Drawing on recent research in the sociology of intellectuals and Pierre Bourdieu’s analytical field perspective, this book offers a fielding political identities and practices framework to show how these two groups of professors (Trumpists and anti-Trumpists) differ in where they teach, their intellectual orientations, their scholarly productivity, their political rationales, where they network with think tanks, scholarly professional associations, and government agencies, and their stances on key controversies surrounding the Trump presidency (Covid-19, the two impeachments, the November 2020 election lost, and the January 6 mob assault on the United States Capitol). The academic Trumpists embrace the right-wing populist wave mobilized by Trump and the conservative critics resist this move. This polarization of views between these two groups of conservative professors is enduring and rooted in two distinct social networks that connect their positions in the academic field to affiliations with conservative think tanks that reinforce their respective political identities and radical right-wing anti-establishment thinking in America more generally.This book will appeal to readers interested in the politics of higher education, the sociology of intellectuals, political sociology, and research on conservative and right-wing populism politics in America today.
The Academic Trumpists: Radicals Against Liberal Diversity
by David L. SwartzThere has been an outpouring of research on populist conservatism since the advent of the Trump presidency and extreme right movements in Europe. Much less studied, however, is the growing political conservatism in the American academy and how it relates to populist sentiment. The Academic Trumpists addresses a gap in the research literature by looking at the impact of Trumpism on conservative faculty. It compares 109 professors who publicly support Trump to 89 conservative professors who oppose Trump. All 198 function as public intellectuals who advocated publicly their views.Drawing on recent research in the sociology of intellectuals and Pierre Bourdieu’s analytical field perspective, this book offers a fielding political identities and practices framework to show how these two groups of professors (Trumpists and anti-Trumpists) differ in where they teach, their intellectual orientations, their scholarly productivity, their political rationales, where they network with think tanks, scholarly professional associations, and government agencies, and their stances on key controversies surrounding the Trump presidency (Covid-19, the two impeachments, the November 2020 election lost, and the January 6 mob assault on the United States Capitol). The academic Trumpists embrace the right-wing populist wave mobilized by Trump and the conservative critics resist this move. This polarization of views between these two groups of conservative professors is enduring and rooted in two distinct social networks that connect their positions in the academic field to affiliations with conservative think tanks that reinforce their respective political identities and radical right-wing anti-establishment thinking in America more generally.This book will appeal to readers interested in the politics of higher education, the sociology of intellectuals, political sociology, and research on conservative and right-wing populism politics in America today.
Academic Women: Voicing Narratives of Gendered Experiences (Bloomsbury Gender and Education)
by Michelle Ronksley-Pavia, Michelle M. Neumann, Jane F. Manakil and Kelly Pickard-SmithIn this collection, both individually and collectively, the authors explore the gendering of women's experiences in academia through the lens of narratives of lived experience. This is a cogent theme throughout the book, reflecting on women's experiences as intersectional-always raced, classed, gendered, nuanced and complex. Jointly, the chapters provide important insights into individual and collective contemporary women's experiences in academia from international perspectives, such as gender equity, barriers to success, and achievement. This comprehensive volume provides a reference point for all women and their colleagues working in universities and colleges across the world.
Academic Women: Voicing Narratives of Gendered Experiences (Bloomsbury Gender and Education)
In this collection, both individually and collectively, the authors explore the gendering of women's experiences in academia through the lens of narratives of lived experience. This is a cogent theme throughout the book, reflecting on women's experiences as intersectional-always raced, classed, gendered, nuanced and complex. Jointly, the chapters provide important insights into individual and collective contemporary women's experiences in academia from international perspectives, such as gender equity, barriers to success, and achievement. This comprehensive volume provides a reference point for all women and their colleagues working in universities and colleges across the world.
The Academy of Fisticuffs: Political Economy and Commercial Society in Enlightenment Italy
by Sophus A. ReinertThe Italian Enlightenment, no less than the Scottish, was central to the emergence of political economy and creation of market societies. Sophus Reinert turns to Milan in the late 1700s to recover early socialists’ preoccupations with the often lethal tension among states, markets, and human welfare, and the policies these ideas informed.
Accelerated Economic Growth in West Africa (Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development)
by Diery SeckThe book provides a detailed analysis of the causes of West Africa’s current economic high-growth episode and proposes ways to extend it sustainably. It examines the potential role of regional integration through the establishment of a common currency union and of other policy options that can enhance economic growth. The authors suggest appropriate methods of coordination between macroeconomic policy and industrialization to achieve higher economic growth and also examine why pro-poor strategies have not been successful. The book underscores the challenges and opportunities that will arise from the structural change to the region’s economies resulting from the necessary investment in manufacturing exports, ICT and infrastructure, which are key vehicles for extended growth. Readers will learn how the region can better reach its developmental goals by securing and perpetuating political liberty and transactional freedom for all its citizens.
Accelerating Academia: The Changing Structure of Academic Time (Palgrave Studies in Science, Knowledge and Policy)
by F. VostalFilip Vostal examines the changing nature of academic time, and analyzes the 'will to accelerate' that has emerged as a significant cultural and structural force in knowledge production.
Accelerating Democracy: Transforming Governance Through Technology
by John O. McginnisSuccessful democracies throughout history--from ancient Athens to Britain on the cusp of the industrial age--have used the technology of their time to gather information for better governance. Our challenge is no different today, but it is more urgent because the accelerating pace of technological change creates potentially enormous dangers as well as benefits. Accelerating Democracy shows how to adapt democracy to new information technologies that can enhance political decision making and enable us to navigate the social rapids ahead. John O. McGinnis demonstrates how these new technologies combine to address a problem as old as democracy itself--how to help citizens better evaluate the consequences of their political choices. As society became more complex in the nineteenth century, social planning became a top-down enterprise delegated to experts and bureaucrats. Today, technology increasingly permits information to bubble up from below and filter through more dispersed and competitive sources. McGinnis explains how to use fast-evolving information technologies to more effectively analyze past public policy, bring unprecedented intensity of scrutiny to current policy proposals, and more accurately predict the results of future policy. But he argues that we can do so only if government keeps pace with technological change. For instance, it must revive federalism to permit different jurisdictions to test different policies so that their results can be evaluated, and it must legalize information markets to permit people to bet on what the consequences of a policy will be even before that policy is implemented. Accelerating Democracy reveals how we can achieve a democracy that is informed by expertise and social-scientific knowledge while shedding the arrogance and insularity of a technocracy.