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Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior (Science and Its Conceptual Foundations series)

by Robert J. Richards

With insight and wit, Robert J. Richards focuses on the development of evolutionary theories of mind and behavior from their first distinct appearance in the eighteenth century to their controversial state today. Particularly important in the nineteenth century were Charles Darwin's ideas about instinct, reason, and morality, which Richards considers against the background of Darwin's personality, training, scientific and cultural concerns, and intellectual community. Many critics have argued that the Darwinian revolution stripped nature of moral purpose and ethically neutered the human animal. Richards contends, however, that Darwin, Herbert Spencer, and their disciples attempted to reanimate moral life, believing that the evolutionary process gave heart to unselfish, altruistic behavior. "Richards's book is now the obvious introduction to the history of ideas about mind and behavior in the nineteenth century."—Mark Ridley, Times Literary Supplement "Not since the publication of Michael Ghiselin's The Triumph of the Darwinian Method has there been such an ambitious, challenging, and methodologically self-conscious interpretation of the rise and development and evolutionary theories and Darwin's role therein."—John C. Greene, Science "His book . . . triumphantly achieves the goal of all great scholarship: it not only informs us, but shows us why becoming thus informed is essential to understanding our own issues and projects."—Daniel C. Dennett, Philosophy of Science

Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior (Science and Its Conceptual Foundations series)

by Robert J. Richards

With insight and wit, Robert J. Richards focuses on the development of evolutionary theories of mind and behavior from their first distinct appearance in the eighteenth century to their controversial state today. Particularly important in the nineteenth century were Charles Darwin's ideas about instinct, reason, and morality, which Richards considers against the background of Darwin's personality, training, scientific and cultural concerns, and intellectual community. Many critics have argued that the Darwinian revolution stripped nature of moral purpose and ethically neutered the human animal. Richards contends, however, that Darwin, Herbert Spencer, and their disciples attempted to reanimate moral life, believing that the evolutionary process gave heart to unselfish, altruistic behavior. "Richards's book is now the obvious introduction to the history of ideas about mind and behavior in the nineteenth century."—Mark Ridley, Times Literary Supplement "Not since the publication of Michael Ghiselin's The Triumph of the Darwinian Method has there been such an ambitious, challenging, and methodologically self-conscious interpretation of the rise and development and evolutionary theories and Darwin's role therein."—John C. Greene, Science "His book . . . triumphantly achieves the goal of all great scholarship: it not only informs us, but shows us why becoming thus informed is essential to understanding our own issues and projects."—Daniel C. Dennett, Philosophy of Science

Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior (Science and Its Conceptual Foundations series)

by Robert J. Richards

With insight and wit, Robert J. Richards focuses on the development of evolutionary theories of mind and behavior from their first distinct appearance in the eighteenth century to their controversial state today. Particularly important in the nineteenth century were Charles Darwin's ideas about instinct, reason, and morality, which Richards considers against the background of Darwin's personality, training, scientific and cultural concerns, and intellectual community. Many critics have argued that the Darwinian revolution stripped nature of moral purpose and ethically neutered the human animal. Richards contends, however, that Darwin, Herbert Spencer, and their disciples attempted to reanimate moral life, believing that the evolutionary process gave heart to unselfish, altruistic behavior. "Richards's book is now the obvious introduction to the history of ideas about mind and behavior in the nineteenth century."—Mark Ridley, Times Literary Supplement "Not since the publication of Michael Ghiselin's The Triumph of the Darwinian Method has there been such an ambitious, challenging, and methodologically self-conscious interpretation of the rise and development and evolutionary theories and Darwin's role therein."—John C. Greene, Science "His book . . . triumphantly achieves the goal of all great scholarship: it not only informs us, but shows us why becoming thus informed is essential to understanding our own issues and projects."—Daniel C. Dennett, Philosophy of Science

Darwin, Marx and Freud: Their Influence on Moral Theory (The Hastings Center Series in Ethics)

by BruceJennings Arthur L. Caplan

hope of obtaining a comprehensive and coherent understand­ ing of the human condition, we must somehow weave together the biological, sociological, and psychological components of human nature and experience. And this cannot be done­ indeed, it is difficult to even make sense of an attempt to do it-without first settling our accounts with Darwin, Marx, and Freud. The legacy of these three thinkers continues to haunt us in other ways as well. Whatever their substantive philosophical differences in other respects, Darwin, Marx, and Freud shared a common, overriding intellectual orientation: they taught us to see human things in historical, developmental terms. Phil­ osophically, questions of being were displaced in their works by questions of becoming. Methodologically, genesis replaced teleological and essentialist considerations in the explanatory logic of their theories. Darwin, Marx, and Freud were, above all, theorists of conflict, dynamism, and change. They em­ phasized the fragility of order, and their abiding concern was always to discover and to explicate the myriad ways in which order grows out of disorder. For these reasons their theories constantly confront and challenge the cardinal tenet of our modern secular faith: the notion of progress. To be sure, their emphasis on conflict and the flux of change within the flow of time was not unprecedented; its origins in Western thought can be traced back at least as far as Heraclitus.

Darwinian Psychiatry

by Michael McGuire Alfonso Troisi

For years, psychiatry has operated without a unified theory of behavior; instead, it has spawned a pluralism of approaches--including biomedical, psychoanalytic, behavioral, and sociocultural models--each with radically different explanations for various clinical disorders. In Darwinian Psychiatry, Michael T. McGuire and Alfonso Troisi provide a conceptual framework for integrating many features of prevailing models. Based on Darwinian theory rather than traditional approaches, the book offers clinicians a fundamentally new perspective for looking at the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Writing from this innovative theoretical position, the authors discuss the origin of pathological conditions, the adaptation of symptoms and syndromes, the biological basis of social relations, and many other key concepts. This groundbreaking book will introduce those who study and are involved in the alleviation of mental suffering to an approach that will lead to radical changes in clinical practice. The authors suggest that when making diagnostic assessments, psychiatrists should evaluate not only the patients' symptoms but also their functional capacities, and that therapeutic interventions should work toward the achievement of biological goals. Providing an essential framework for understanding both everyday human behavior and a range of mental disorders, Darwinian Psychiatry will appeal to all mental health professionals and general readers interested in human psychology and behavior.

Darwin's Bridge: Uniting the Humanities and Sciences


In its modern usage, the term "consilience" was first established by Edward O. Wilson in his 1998 book, Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge. Wilson's original thesis contained two parts: that nature forms a unitary order of causal forces, hierarchically organized, and that scientific knowledge, because it delineates nature, also forms a unitary order, promising consensus among diverse fields. Bringing together cutting-edge scientists and scholars across this range, Darwin's Bridge gives an expert account of consilience and makes it possible to see how far we have come toward unifying knowledge about the human species, what major issues are still in contention, and which areas of research are likely to produce further progress. Readers will be delighted as they, along with the work's contributing authors, explore the deeper meaning of consilience and consider the harmony of human evolution, human nature, social dynamics, art, and narrative.

Darwin's Psychology

by Ben Bradley

Darwin has long been hailed as forefather to behavioural science, especially nowadays, with the growing popularity of evolutionary psychologies. Yet, until now, his contribution to the field of psychology has been somewhat understated. This is the first book ever to examine the riches of what Darwin himself wrote about psychological matters. It unearths a Darwin new to contemporary science, whose first concern is the agency of organisms — from which he derives both his psychology, and his theory of evolution. A deep reading of Darwin's writings on climbing plants and babies, blushing and bower-birds, worms and facial movements, shows that, for Darwin, evolution does not explain everything about human action. Group-life and culture are also keys, whether we discuss the dynamics of conscience or the dramas of desire. Thus his treatment of facial actions sets out from the anatomy and physiology of human facial movements, and shows how these gain meanings through their recognition by others. A discussion of blushing extends his theory to the way reading others' expressions rebounds on ourselves — I care about how I think you read me. This dynamic proves central to how Darwin understands sexual desire, the production of conscience and of social standards through group dynamics, and the role of culture in human agency. Presenting a new Darwin to science, and showing how widely Darwin's understanding of evolution and agency has been misunderstood and misrepresented in biology and the social sciences, this important new book lights a new way forward for those who want to build psychology on the foundation of evolutionary biology

Darwin's Psychology

by Ben Bradley

Darwin has long been hailed as forefather to behavioural science, especially nowadays, with the growing popularity of evolutionary psychologies. Yet, until now, his contribution to the field of psychology has been somewhat understated. This is the first book ever to examine the riches of what Darwin himself wrote about psychological matters. It unearths a Darwin new to contemporary science, whose first concern is the agency of organisms — from which he derives both his psychology, and his theory of evolution. A deep reading of Darwin's writings on climbing plants and babies, blushing and bower-birds, worms and facial movements, shows that, for Darwin, evolution does not explain everything about human action. Group-life and culture are also keys, whether we discuss the dynamics of conscience or the dramas of desire. Thus his treatment of facial actions sets out from the anatomy and physiology of human facial movements, and shows how these gain meanings through their recognition by others. A discussion of blushing extends his theory to the way reading others' expressions rebounds on ourselves — I care about how I think you read me. This dynamic proves central to how Darwin understands sexual desire, the production of conscience and of social standards through group dynamics, and the role of culture in human agency. Presenting a new Darwin to science, and showing how widely Darwin's understanding of evolution and agency has been misunderstood and misrepresented in biology and the social sciences, this important new book lights a new way forward for those who want to build psychology on the foundation of evolutionary biology

Darwin's Roadmap to the Curriculum: Evolutionary Studies in Higher Education

by David Sloan Wilson, Glenn Geher, Hadassah Mativetsky and Andrew C. Gallup

There is a paradox when it comes to Darwinian ideas within the academy. On one hand, Darwin's theories have famously changed the foundational ideas related to the origins of life, shaping entire disciplines in the biological sciences. On the other hand, people in educated societies across the globe today are famously misinformed and uneducated about Darwinian principles and ideas. Applications of evolutionary theory outside the traditional areas of biology have been slow to progress, and scholars doing such work regularly run into all kinds of political backlash. However, a slow but steady push to advance the teaching of evolution across academic disciplines has been under way for more than a decade. This book serves to integrate the vast literature in the interdisciplinary field of Evolutionary Studies (EvoS), providing clear examples of how evolutionary concepts relate to all facets of life. Further, this book provides chapters dedicated to the processes associated with an EvoS education, including examples of how an interdisciplinary approach to evolutionary theory has been implemented successfully at various colleges, universities, and degree programs. This book also offers chapters outlining a variety of applications to an evolution education, including improved sustainable development, medical practices, and creative and critical thinking skills. Exploring controversies surrounding evolution education, this volume provides a roadmap to asking and answering Darwinian questions across all areas of intellectual inquiry.

Darwin's Roadmap to the Curriculum: Evolutionary Studies in Higher Education


There is a paradox when it comes to Darwinian ideas within the academy. On one hand, Darwin's theories have famously changed the foundational ideas related to the origins of life, shaping entire disciplines in the biological sciences. On the other hand, people in educated societies across the globe today are famously misinformed and uneducated about Darwinian principles and ideas. Applications of evolutionary theory outside the traditional areas of biology have been slow to progress, and scholars doing such work regularly run into all kinds of political backlash. However, a slow but steady push to advance the teaching of evolution across academic disciplines has been under way for more than a decade. This book serves to integrate the vast literature in the interdisciplinary field of Evolutionary Studies (EvoS), providing clear examples of how evolutionary concepts relate to all facets of life. Further, this book provides chapters dedicated to the processes associated with an EvoS education, including examples of how an interdisciplinary approach to evolutionary theory has been implemented successfully at various colleges, universities, and degree programs. This book also offers chapters outlining a variety of applications to an evolution education, including improved sustainable development, medical practices, and creative and critical thinking skills. Exploring controversies surrounding evolution education, this volume provides a roadmap to asking and answering Darwinian questions across all areas of intellectual inquiry.

Darwin's Unfinished Symphony: How Culture Made the Human Mind

by Kevin N. Laland

How culture transformed human evolutionHumans possess an extraordinary capacity for cultural production, from the arts and language to science and technology. How did the human mind—and the uniquely human ability to devise and transmit culture—evolve from its roots in animal behavior? Darwin's Unfinished Symphony presents a captivating new theory of human cognitive evolution. This compelling and accessible book reveals how culture is not just the magnificent end product of an evolutionary process that produced a species unlike all others—it is also the key driving force behind that process.Kevin Laland shows how the learned and socially transmitted activities of our ancestors shaped our intellects through accelerating cycles of evolutionary feedback. The truly unique characteristics of our species—such as our intelligence, language, teaching, and cooperation—are not adaptive responses to predators, disease, or other external conditions. Rather, humans are creatures of their own making. Drawing on his own groundbreaking research, and bringing it to life with vivid natural history, Laland explains how animals imitate, innovate, and have remarkable traditions of their own. He traces our rise from scavenger apes in prehistory to modern humans able to design iPhones, dance the tango, and send astronauts into space.This book tells the story of the painstaking fieldwork, the key experiments, the false leads, and the stunning scientific breakthroughs that led to this new understanding of how culture transformed human evolution. It is the story of how Darwin's intellectual descendants picked up where he left off and took up the challenge of providing a scientific account of the evolution of the human mind.

Darwin's Unfinished Symphony: How Culture Made the Human Mind (PDF)

by Kevin N. Laland

How culture transformed human evolutionHumans possess an extraordinary capacity for cultural production, from the arts and language to science and technology. How did the human mind—and the uniquely human ability to devise and transmit culture—evolve from its roots in animal behavior? Darwin's Unfinished Symphony presents a captivating new theory of human cognitive evolution. This compelling and accessible book reveals how culture is not just the magnificent end product of an evolutionary process that produced a species unlike all others—it is also the key driving force behind that process.Kevin Laland shows how the learned and socially transmitted activities of our ancestors shaped our intellects through accelerating cycles of evolutionary feedback. The truly unique characteristics of our species—such as our intelligence, language, teaching, and cooperation—are not adaptive responses to predators, disease, or other external conditions. Rather, humans are creatures of their own making. Drawing on his own groundbreaking research, and bringing it to life with vivid natural history, Laland explains how animals imitate, innovate, and have remarkable traditions of their own. He traces our rise from scavenger apes in prehistory to modern humans able to design iPhones, dance the tango, and send astronauts into space.This book tells the story of the painstaking fieldwork, the key experiments, the false leads, and the stunning scientific breakthroughs that led to this new understanding of how culture transformed human evolution. It is the story of how Darwin's intellectual descendants picked up where he left off and took up the challenge of providing a scientific account of the evolution of the human mind.

Darwin's Unfinished Symphony: How Culture Made the Human Mind

by Kevin N. Laland

Humans possess an extraordinary capacity for culture, from the arts and language to science and technology. But how did the human mind—and the uniquely human ability to devise and transmit culture—evolve from its roots in animal behavior? Darwin’s Unfinished Symphony presents a captivating new theory of human cognitive evolution. This compelling and accessible book reveals how culture is not just the magnificent end product of an evolutionary process that produced a species unlike all others—it is also the key driving force behind that process. Kevin Laland tells the story of the painstaking fieldwork, the key experiments, the false leads, and the stunning scientific breakthroughs that led to this new understanding of how culture transformed human evolution. It is the story of how Darwin’s intellectual descendants picked up where he left off and took up the challenge of providing a scientific account of the evolution of the human mind.

Darwin's Worms: On Life Stories and Death Stories

by Adam Phillips

Adam Phillips has been called "the psychotherapist of the floating world" and "the closest thing we have to a philosopher of happiness." His style is epigrammatic; his intelligence, electric. His new book, Darwin's Worms, uses the biographical details of Darwin's and Freud's lives to examine endings-suffering, mortality, extinction, and death. Both Freud and Darwin were interested in how destruction conserves life. They took their inspiration from fossils or from half-remembered dreams. Each told a story that has altered our perception of our lives. For Darwin, Phillips explains, "the story to tell was how species can drift towards extinction; for Freud, the story was how the individual tended to, and tended towards his own death." In each case, it is a death story that uniquely illuminates the life story.

Das 1 x 1 der Präsentation: Für Schule, Studium und Beruf

by Karl-Christof Renz

Dieses Buch zeigt auf unterhaltsame Weise auch dem bisher Unerfahrenen, wie eine Präsentation pragmatisch vorbereitet und mit medialer Unterstützung durchgeführt werden kann. Behandelt werden graphische Gestaltung, Lern- und Arbeitstechniken sowie Gesprächsführung und Rhetorik. Berücksichtigt werden dabei Aspekte der Disziplinen Arbeitswissenschaft und Psychologie. Aber auch Kenntnisse wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens, z.B. Quellensuche, Quellenbewertung und Zitieren, sowie statistische Grundkenntnisse gehören zu einer Präsentation, insbesondere in wissenschaftlichen Bereichen. Die Fähigkeit, professionell zu präsentieren, ist nicht nur in der Praxis, sondern auch in der Wissenschaft grundlegend. Der Autor ist überzeugt: Mit dem richtigen Handwerkszeug kann jeder lernen zu präsentieren - und das kann sogar Spaß machen. Die zweite Auflage wurde überarbeitet und erweitert.

Das 1 x 1 der Präsentation: Für Schule, Studium und Beruf

by Karl-Christof Renz

Nicht nur in der Praxis, auch in der Wissenschaft ist die Fähigkeit, professionell zu präsentieren, grundlegend. Doch wer eine Präsentation halten soll, muss vieles beachten. Heutzutage wird eine angemessene Vortragstechnik mit medialer Unterstützung vorausgesetzt. Karl-Christof Renz zeigt auf unterhaltsame Weise auch dem bisher Unerfahrenen, wie eine Präsentation pragmatisch vorbereitet und durchgeführt werden kann. Bei einem Vortrag im wissenschaftlichen Umfeld sind Kenntnisse aus vielen unterschiedlichen Wissensbereichen wichtig. Dazu gehören Aspekte der graphischen Gestaltung, Lern- und Arbeitstechniken und natürlich Gesprächsführung und Rhetorik. Es werden beispielsweise Aspekte der Disziplinen Arbeitswissenschaft und Psychologie berücksichtigt. Aber auch Kenntnisse in wissenschaftlichem Arbeiten, z.B. Quellensuche, Quellenbewertung und Zitieren, oder in Statistik gehören zu einer Präsentation im wissenschaftlichen Umfeld. Dozierenden wird ein didaktisch erprobtes Konzept an die Hand gegeben, mit dessen Hilfe Studierende ein qualifiziertes Feedback zu ihren Präsentationen erhalten. Der Autor ist überzeugt: Mit dem richtigen Handwerkszeug kann jeder lernen zu präsentieren - und das kann sogar Spaß machen.

Das AASM-Manual zum Scoring von Schlaf und assoziierten Ereignissen: Regeln, Technologie und technische Spezifikationen


Das AASM-Manual zum Scoring von Schlaf und assoziierten Ereignissen stellt ein umfassendes und maßgebliches Nachschlagewerk für die Auswertung von Polysomnographien dar. Es ist das Ergebnis einer umfangreichen Analyse des aktuellen Forschungsstandes durch eine Arbeitsgruppe aus renommierten Schlafforschern. Es beschreibt standardisierte Messanordnungen, die Platzierung der Elektroden und die Digitalisierungsparameter. Die Autoren beziehen sich auf das klassische Manual von Rechtschaffen und Kales als Grundlage. Das AASM-Manual stellt Richtlinien auf, um nicht nur die verschiedenen Schlafstadien zu scoren, sondern darüber hinaus auch die Wachphasen, die Atmung, Bewegungen und die Herzfunktion während des Schlafes. Somit wird diese Veröffentlichung schnell zu einem unentbehrlichen Hilfsmittel werden, sowohl für technische Assistenten, die die Polysomnographien aufzeichnen und scoren als auch für Ärzte, die diese auswerten.

Das ADHS-Puzzle: Systemisch-evolutionäre Aspekte, Unfallrisiko und klinische Perspektiven

by Hannes Brandau

Die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) ist eine sehr häufige psychiatrische Störung im Kindesalter, die derzeit primär neurobiologisch und genetisch erklärt wird. Der Autor liefert einerseits einen umfassenden Überblick zu Geschichte, Definition und Diagnose, Ätiologie, Begleitstörungen und Modellen, andererseits geht er erstmals der Frage nach, ob diese Erkrankung auch auf Basis systemischer und evolutionärer Hypothesen differenzierter analysiert und erklärt werden kann. Insbesondere geht er der Frage nach, ob innerhalb des breiten Spektrums von ADHS ein bestimmter Subtyp ein erhöhtes Unfallrisiko aufweist. Neben den empirischen Ergebnissen können aus dieser Arbeit auch klinisch-sozialpädagogische Konsequenzen gezogen werden. Durch ein maßgeschneidertes Bündeln von fördernden und fordernden Komponenten – im Sinne eines ganzheitlichen Behandlungskonzepts – wird zukünftig der Sozialpädagogik besonders in der Risikoprävention eine größere Bedeutung zukommen.

Das Alter - Impulse für die bessere Hälfte

by Wolfgang Blohm

Vorurteile und Mythen des Alters hinterfragt: Der Autor Dr. Wolfgang Blohm lädt Sie ein, die Lebensphase des Altwerdens neu zu entdecken. Was erleben Sie bei der Lektüre? Statt Warten auf den Tod, Depression und Inkontinenz finden sich neue Bewertungen, Denkimpulse und immer auch ein Augenzwinkern. Wer am Älterwerden verzweifelt oder jedes graue Haar einzeln zählt, sollte “Das Alter – Impulse für die bessere Hälfte“ mit Neugierde lesen. Daneben empfiehlt sich die Lektüre für alle, die schon einmal einen Blick über den Zaun der Zukunft werfen möchten. Denn alt werden möchte fast jeder. Dieses Buch öffnet den Blick für viele neue Perspektiven auf die wichtigen lebensnahen Bereiche. Veränderungen lassen sich gestalten, Freiräume im Leben, im Lieben und im Wohnen sehr bekömmlich nutzen. Auch vermeintliche Tabus wie Sexualität, Verjüngungsmedizin oder das Lebensende können dabei ihre Scheu verlieren. Mehr als dreißig Jahre ärztliche und psychotherapeutische Erfahrung in der Praxis, in der eigenen Klinik und als mehrfacher Buchautor bringt Dr. med. Blohm neben seinem Lebensalter in dieses Buch mit ein

Das Archaisch-Primitive Erleben und Denken der Schizophrenen: Entwicklungspsychologisch-Klinische Untersuchungen zum Schizophrenieproblem (Monographien aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Neurologie und Psychiatrie)

by Alfred Storch

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Das Archaisch-Primitive Erleben und Denken der Schizophrenen: Entwicklungspsychologisch-Klinische Untersuchungen zum Schizophrenieproblem (Monographien aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Neurologie und Psychiatrie #32)

by Alfred Storch

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

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