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Determinanten und Therapie des Eßverhaltens: Theorie der Sättigung, Verhaltensdeterminanten des Essens und Therapien des Eßverhaltens
by R. Ferstl
Determinants of Animal Behaviour (Routledge Modular Psychology)
by Jo Anne CartwrightAre animals intelligent? How do they learn to solve everyday survival problems? Can they be intentionally deceptive? The investigation of animal behaviour is an important and fascinating aspect of comparative psychology. Determinants of Animal Behaviour thoroughly covers the section on determinants of animal behaviour in the AQA (A) comparative psychology module and deals with the three main topics featured in the syllabus. Firstly the evolutionary explanations of animal behaviour are discussed, including the biological explanations of apparent altruism. Secondly the nature of classical and operant conditioning in animal behaviour is considered and finally the role of social learning in animals is investigated. Real life examples are used throughout the book to illustrate the arguments presented.Determinants of Animal Behaviour is an ideal introductory text to the subject, full of real life examples and both traditional and cutting-edge research. It will be of interest to all students new to comparative psychology and highly accessible to anyone wishing to know more about the diversity and ingenuity of animal behaviour.
Determinants of Animal Behaviour (Routledge Modular Psychology)
by Jo Anne CartwrightAre animals intelligent? How do they learn to solve everyday survival problems? Can they be intentionally deceptive? The investigation of animal behaviour is an important and fascinating aspect of comparative psychology. Determinants of Animal Behaviour thoroughly covers the section on determinants of animal behaviour in the AQA (A) comparative psychology module and deals with the three main topics featured in the syllabus. Firstly the evolutionary explanations of animal behaviour are discussed, including the biological explanations of apparent altruism. Secondly the nature of classical and operant conditioning in animal behaviour is considered and finally the role of social learning in animals is investigated. Real life examples are used throughout the book to illustrate the arguments presented.Determinants of Animal Behaviour is an ideal introductory text to the subject, full of real life examples and both traditional and cutting-edge research. It will be of interest to all students new to comparative psychology and highly accessible to anyone wishing to know more about the diversity and ingenuity of animal behaviour.
Determinants of Behavioral Development
by F. J. Mönks Willard W. Hartup Jan De WitDeterminants of Behavioral Development documents the proceedings of the International Society for the Study of Behavioral Development's first symposium at the University of Nijmegen in The Netherlands, 4 July 1971. The symposium was planned under the general theme ""Genetic and Social Influences on Psychological Development."" Perhaps the major contribution of the Nijmegen Symposium, and of this volume, is the establishment of a new linkage between European and American research in developmental psychology. This volume contains 64 papers organized into eight parts. The papers in Part I deal with issues of research strategy. Part II presents studies on biological determinants of development. Part III examines cultural and societal factors in development while Part IV focuses on the concepts of deprivation and enrichment. Part V presents selected studies on infants. Part VI investigates cognitive process in child development. Part VII contains papers on socialization themes while Part VIII takes up adult development.
The Determinants of Free Will: A Psychological Analysis of Responsible, Adjustive Behavior
by James A. EasterbrookThe Determinants of Free Will: A Psychological Analysis of Responsible, Adjustive Behavior deals with the concept of personal adjustment as freedom of will and a personal responsibility. The book reviews the definitions, rationale, and general framework of concepts of free will, responsibility, and other terminologies. The text explains the determinants of free will; it also analyzes 1) educated intelligence and 2) efficacy as the determinants of mental health or proper personal adjustment. The text explains the philosophy of Kurt Goldstein and cites references to evidence pointing to the differences in thought among people who have forward-looking or situation-dependent behaviors. The issue of independence in a social context is also discussed. This topic includes the determinants of maladjustments and self-disciplined members of society. The text also examines motivation and informational independence through literature dealing with mechanisms of behavioral autonomy. The book also reviews the sharing of freedom and the limits to freedom of will. The text is suitable for psychologists, psychoanalysts, guidance counselors, child educators, and behavioral therapists.
Determinants of Health: Theory, Understanding, Portrayal, Policy (International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine #13)
by Matthew J. CommersFor decades, health professionals have asserted the importance of public participation in interventions for health. Medicine has pursued patient participation in clinical decision-making. In the public health realm, target groups have been asked to assist in the design and implementation of initiatives for health. In practice, however, patients and populations expect health professionals to give advice and - in some cases - to make decisions on their behalf. This implies limits to the ideal of participation. In this innovative work, the author contrasts public and professional understandings of health and the best ways to achieve health. The result is a model of lay participation in the structuring of medical and public health activity. The book is unique due to its policy-applicable, quantitative studies and its theoretical analysis of works by René Dubos and Aaron Antonovsky. It will be of value to professionals in health promotion, health education, medical anthropology, and social epidemiology.
Determinants of Substance Abuse: Biological , Psychological, and Environmental Factors (Perspectives on Individual Differences)
by Stephen A. Maisto MarkGalizioWith the recent increase in the scope of drug and alcohol problems has come an awareness of the need for solutions. In this context, federal support for research on drug problems increased tremendously during the last 10 to 15 years with the establishment of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Funding from these and other sources has led to a substantial increase in the quantity and quality ofpublished work related to substance abuse. As data accumulate, it is becoming more apparent that substance abuse problems are extremely complex and are influenced by a variety ofbiological psychological, and environmental variables. Un fortunately it has proved difficult to go beyond this conclusion to a de scription of how these multiple factors work tagether to influence the development of, and recovery from, drug and alcohol dependence. The purpose of this book is to try to meet that objective by including, in one volume, Iiterature reviews and theoretical analyses from a wide variety of drug researchers. We chose the authors in an attempt to assure that each of the various Ievels of analysis appropriate to the substance abuse problems would be included. In each case, the author was asked to consider how the variables in is or her particular domain might con tribute to the appearance of individual differences in both alcohol and drug problems.
Determined: Life Without Free Will
by Robert M SapolskyWhat if free will is an illusion? In Determined one of the world’s greatest scientists of human behaviour overturns one of our most powerful beliefs – that we are the authors of our own actions – and sets out the disturbing yet liberating implications of accepting this fact.As Robert Sapolsky shows, everything we think and do is caused by the luck of our biology and the influence of our environment, and ultimately both are beyond our control. In a world without free will, we must completely rethink what we mean by choice, responsibility, morality and justice. Sapolsky’s extraordinary book does exactly this, guiding us toward a profoundly fairer, more humane way of living together.
Determined Women: Studies in the Construction of the Female Subject, 1900–90
by Jennifer Birkett Elizabeth HarveyThe essays in this collection look at some of the images and categories which have shaped Western women's sense of themselves in the twentieth century. The approach of the collection is interdisciplinary, bringing together the perspectives of literary criticism, social history and linguistics. Its focus is international, with contributions on Britain, France, Germany, the United States and Canada. The collection shows both the similarity and the diversity of women's experience in a world determined by patriarchal assumptions, where women's only hope of change lies in developing a determination of their own.
Determining Leadership Potential: Powerful Insights to Winning at the Talent Game
by Kimberly Janson Melody RawlingsWe are in the midst of a leadership crisis that is derailing business success, and it’s time to get rigorous about talent. This book will show you how, with an effective and consistent framework, to help galvanize decision-makers around leadership potential.Time and time again, organizations place too many leaders in roles they are not a good fit for. The financial, strategic, and human costs of poor leadership are staggering and unnecessary. But organizations that effectively identify high-potential talent are likely to financially outperform those that do not do this work by a factor of 4.2 to 1, not to mention all the other positive impacts. Backed by the authors’ research, including a study with 50+ global CEOs, the insights and strategies packed into this book will help you eliminate the shocking variation that exists in how people think about determining leadership potential – and empower decision-makers to be game-changers to optimize their organizations.For too long, leadership potential has been treated as an imprecise art and inconsistently applied. CEOs, board members, senior managers, and HR professionals will welcome the thought-provoking insights and practical tools this book gives to build a pipeline of strong leaders.
Determining Leadership Potential: Powerful Insights to Winning at the Talent Game
by Kimberly Janson Melody RawlingsWe are in the midst of a leadership crisis that is derailing business success, and it’s time to get rigorous about talent. This book will show you how, with an effective and consistent framework, to help galvanize decision-makers around leadership potential.Time and time again, organizations place too many leaders in roles they are not a good fit for. The financial, strategic, and human costs of poor leadership are staggering and unnecessary. But organizations that effectively identify high-potential talent are likely to financially outperform those that do not do this work by a factor of 4.2 to 1, not to mention all the other positive impacts. Backed by the authors’ research, including a study with 50+ global CEOs, the insights and strategies packed into this book will help you eliminate the shocking variation that exists in how people think about determining leadership potential – and empower decision-makers to be game-changers to optimize their organizations.For too long, leadership potential has been treated as an imprecise art and inconsistently applied. CEOs, board members, senior managers, and HR professionals will welcome the thought-provoking insights and practical tools this book gives to build a pipeline of strong leaders.
Determining Self-Preservation Capability in Pre-School Children (SpringerBriefs in Fire)
by Anca Taciuc Anne S. DederichsThis SpringerBrief explores the evacuation characteristics of children and their self-preservation capability during fire situations. An international survey among teachers from day-care centers and experts in child development indicates an age-limit at which pre-school children may be considered capable of evacuating a location without direct intervention by an instructor. The survey examines the ability of children to understand and follow simple instructions, walk on horizontal surfaces without physical support, and walk down stairs. It also studies how fire safety installations and fire drills differ between countries. A literature review and a presentation of the method applied are included. This data can be applied to evacuation procedures, building codes, and fire regulations. Determining Self-Preservation Capability in Pre-School Children is intended for practitioners as a tool for analyzing evacuation safety issues and developing methods removing potential hazards. Researchers working in a related field will also find the book valuable.
Determinism and Self-Organization of Human Perception and Performance (Springer Series in Synergetics)
by Till FrankThis book discusses human perception and performance within the framework of the theory of self-organizing systems. To that end, it presents a variety of phenomena and experimental findings in the research field, and provides an introduction to the theory of self-organization, with a focus on amplitude equations, order parameter and Lotka-Volterra equations. The book demonstrates that relating the experimental findings to the mathematical models provides an explicit account for the causal nature of human perception and performance. In particular, the notion of determinism versus free will is discussed in this context. The book is divided into four main parts, the first of which discusses the relationship between the concept of determinism and the fundamental laws of physics. The second part provides an introduction to using the self-organization approach from physics to understand human perception and performance, a strategy used throughout the remainder of the book to connect experimental findings and mathematical models. In turn, the third part of the book focuses on investigating performance guided by perception: climbing stairs and grasping tools are presented in detail. Perceptually relevant bifurcation parameters in the mathematical models are also identified, e.g. in the context of walk-to-run gait transitions. Chains of perceptions and actions together with their underlying mechanisms are then presented, and a number of experimental phenomena – such as selective attention, priming, child play, bistable perception, retrieval-induced forgetting, functional fixedness and memory effects exhibiting hysteresis with positive or negative sign – are discussed. Human judgment making, internal experiences such as dreaming and thinking, and Freud’s concept of consciousness are also addressed. The fourth and last part of the book explores several specific topics such as learning, social interactions between two people, life trajectories, and applications in clinical psychology. In particular, episodes of mania and depression under bipolar disorder, perception under schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive rituals are discussed. This book is intended for researchers and graduate students in psychology, physics, applied mathematics, kinesiology, and the sport sciences who want to learn about the foundations of the field. Written for a mixed audience, the experiments and concepts are presented using non-technical language throughout. In addition, each chapter includes more advanced sections for modelers in the fields of physics and applied mathematics.
Deterrence and Juvenile Crime: Results from a National Policy Experiment (Research in Criminology)
by Anne L. Schneider"Americans have an abiding faith in punishment", asserts Anne Schneider in her introduction of Deterrence and Juvenile Crime. Dr. Schneider explores this "abiding faith" in her volume, overviewing past assumptions that punishment or merely the threat of punishment necessarily deters criminal behavior. She critically examines specific deterrence theories and presents the methodology used in her own research - research whose findings are often quite disruptive to those assumptions held so long. Using data from six experimental studies in U.S. cities, she finds that instilling a sense of citizenship is more important in reducing future criminal behavior than enhancing the certainty or severity of punishment. Beyond these results, the author raises some pointed issues to explain why perceptions of certainty and severity of punishment generally perform so inadequately in predicting subsequent offenses. A comparison between incarceration methods and community-based restitution programs, as well as the implications of policy, comprise a thorough discussion which focuses on the future and reflects upon the role of random experiments regarding issues of public policy initiatives.
Deutsch als Zweitsprache: Alphabetisierung für Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene
by SchlaU – Werkstatt für Migrationspädagogik gGmbHDieses Buch ist eine Open-Access-Publikation unter einer CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Lizenz.In Zusammenarbeit mit den Lehrkräften und SchülerInnen der SchlaU-Schule entstanden,bietet der erste Band aus der SchlaU-Materialreihe „Deutsch als Zweitsprache“ hochwertigeund umfangreiche Lehr- und Lernmaterialien. Erfolgreiche Lern- und Schulerfahrungender SchülerInnen stehen dabei im Mittelpunkt. Der vorliegende Band ist konzipiert fürdie Alphabetisierung von neuzugewanderten Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen,insbesondere mit Fluchterfahrung. Mit alltäglichen, lebensweltorientierten Bildern, Wörtern,Themen und Situationen lernen die SchülerInnen die deutsche Schrift und Sprache underhalten so die Chance auf Teilhabe an Bildung und Gesellschaft.Der Band bietet umfangreiche Materialien zur Alphabetisierung in Deutsch als Zweitsprache, abwechslungsreiche Übungen zu allen Fertigkeiten, angemessene Progression zur Förderung schulischer Schreib- und Lesekompetenz, binnendifferenzierende Aufgaben und Förderung der LernerInnenautonomie, relevante und interessante Themen (z.B. Schulalltag und Freizeit), authentische Personen und alltägliche Situationen aus dem schulanalogen Unterricht.Zusätzlich werden auf der Homepage der SchlaU-Werkstatt (schlau-werkstatt.de) weitere Materialien, wie ein Praxisleitfaden für Lehrkräfte, Audiodateien, zusätzliche Materialien, Tests etc. zur Verfügung gestellt. Hier kann die SchlaU-Lernbox Alphabetisierung außerdem als Printprodukt bestellt werden.
Deutsch als Zweitsprache fördern: Studie zur mündlichen Erzählfähigkeit von Grundschulkindern
by Raphaela SchätzRaphaela Schätz untersucht in einer Feldstudie, inwieweit eine zweijährige additive Sprachförderung die mündliche Erzählfähigkeit in der Zweitsprache Deutsch fördert. Als theoretischer Rahmen dienen Ansätze des Zweitspracherwerbs, die Aufarbeitung des Forschungsstands zum Erwerbsverlauf der mündlichen Erzählfähigkeit und didaktische Ansätze der Sprachförderung. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass die untersuchte theoriebasierte Sprachförderung basale sprachliche und spezifische pragmatische Fähigkeiten des mündlichen Erzählens fördert. Damit gelingt es, die Wirksamkeit einer Sprachförderung für Kinder mit intensivem Förderbedarf in Deutsch als Zweitsprache empirisch nachzuweisen.
Deutsch-israelisches Leadership Development: Eine Evaluationsstudie
by Silja KotteDie vorliegende Evaluationsstudie untersucht erstmals das Zusammenspiel von Führungsentwicklung und Intergruppenkontakt. Dabei bezieht sich die Autorin auf ein konkretes deutsch-israelisches Führungsentwicklungs- und Begegnungsprogramm, das einen doppelten Zielfokus verfolgt: „Developing leadership. Connecting societies“. Führungsentwicklung, der Kontakt zwischen Gruppen und ihr Zusammenspiel werden sowohl theoretisch eingebettet als auch mit einem längsschnittlichen Mixed-Methods-Design empirisch untersucht.
Deutsche Irrenärzte: Einzelbilder ihres Lebens und Wirkens
by Theodor KirchhoffDieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.
Deutschsprachige Psychologinnen und Psychologen 1933–1945: Ein Personenlexikon, ergänzt um einen Text von Erich Stern
by Uwe Wolfradt Elfriede Billmann-Mahecha Armin StockMehr als 300 Kurzbiographien mit Werkbezug geben über 80 Jahre nach der Machtübernahme durch die Nationalsozialisten Aufschluss über Psychologinnen und Psychologen, die von dem damaligen politischen und gesellschaftlichen Wandel betroffen waren. Einige wurden aufgrund ihrer Herkunft oder politischen Überzeugung in die Emigration gezwungen und mussten unter schwierigsten Bedingungen in der Fremde ein neues Leben aufbauen. Akademische Lebenswege wurden abgeschnitten oder konnten nur unter erschwerten Umständen weitergeführt werden. Andere Psychologinnen und Psychologen blieben in Deutschland und versuchten, sich auf unterschiedliche Weise mit den neuen politischen Verhältnissen zu arrangieren. Darunter waren auch Einzelne, die durch den Eintritt in eine NS-Organisation oder in die NSDAP ihre persönliche Karriere zu fördern suchten. Für die 2. Auflage wurden neue Kurzbiographien mit Werkangaben zusätzlich aufgenommen.
Deutschsprachige Psychologinnen und Psychologen 1933–1945: Ein Personenlexikon, ergänzt um einen Text von Erich Stern
by Uwe Wolfradt Elfriede Billmann-Mahecha Armin StockMehr als 300 Kurzbiographien mit Werkbezug geben über 80 Jahre nach der Machtübernahme durch die Nationalsozialisten Aufschluss über Psychologinnen und Psychologen, die von dem damaligen politischen und gesellschaftlichen Wandel betroffen waren. Einige wurden aufgrund ihrer Herkunft oder politischen Überzeugung in die Emigration gezwungen und mussten unter schwierigsten Bedingungen in der Fremde ein neues Leben aufbauen. Akademische Lebenswege wurden abgeschnitten oder konnten nur unter erschwerten Umständen weitergeführt werden. Andere Psychologinnen und Psychologen blieben in Deutschland und versuchten, sich auf unterschiedliche Weise mit den neuen politischen Verhältnissen zu arrangieren. Darunter waren auch Einzelne, die durch den Eintritt in eine NS-Organisation oder in die NSDAP ihre persönliche Karriere zu fördern suchten.
Develop Your Assertiveness: Change Your Behaviour; Be More Confident; Get What You Want (Creating Success #10)
by Sue BishopDevelop Your Assertiveness offers simple techniques that will help you become more aware of your strengths and weaknesses, so that you can learn how best to modify your behaviour in social and business interactions. Being more confident and learning how best to communicate with your colleagues will enable you to create win-win situations, thus improving your career prospects and enhancing your social life. Packed with examples and exercises, this essential guide covers topics such as: the importance of choice of behaviour; tension control; self awareness and self-esteem; relationships; making and refusing requests; dealing with problem people; tricky situations; assertiveness online. Exercises and activities in Develop your Assertiveness enable you to measure your progress and reach your goals.
Develop Your Assertiveness (Creating Success #10)
by Sue BishopDevelop Your Assertiveness offers simple techniques that will help you become more aware of your strengths and weaknesses, so that you can learn how best to modify your behaviour in social and business interactions. Being more confident and learning how best to communicate with your colleagues will enable you to create win-win situations, thus improving your career prospects and enhancing your social life. Packed with examples and exercises, this essential guide covers topics such as: the importance of choice of behaviour; tension control; self awareness and self-esteem; relationships; making and refusing requests; dealing with problem people; tricky situations; assertiveness online. Exercises and activities in Develop your Assertiveness enable you to measure your progress and reach your goals.
Developing a Forensic Practice: Operations and Ethics for Experts
by William H. ReidDeveloping a forensic practice can be confusing and intimidating. Dr. William Reid, a highly experienced forensic psychiatrist, has written a practical, straightforward guide for clinicians interested in doing it right and increasing their opportunities for a successful transition to forensic work. This book, which will be of interest to many attorneys as well, provides straightforward details, along with many case examples, of lawyer-expert communications and relationships, case assessment, record review, evaluations, reports, deposition and trial testimony, fees and billing, office operations, marketing, liability, and professional ethics. A bonus chapter by a successful malpractice attorney gives a unique and valuable "lawyer’s perspective" on the content and mental health experts in general. The huge appendix provides over 40 highly useful examples of common office forms, letters, reports, and affidavits. Any mental health professional who currently practices, or wants to practice, at the interface of mental health and the law will find this an indispensible practice resource.
Developing a Forensic Practice: Operations and Ethics for Experts
by William H. ReidDeveloping a forensic practice can be confusing and intimidating. Dr. William Reid, a highly experienced forensic psychiatrist, has written a practical, straightforward guide for clinicians interested in doing it right and increasing their opportunities for a successful transition to forensic work. This book, which will be of interest to many attorneys as well, provides straightforward details, along with many case examples, of lawyer-expert communications and relationships, case assessment, record review, evaluations, reports, deposition and trial testimony, fees and billing, office operations, marketing, liability, and professional ethics. A bonus chapter by a successful malpractice attorney gives a unique and valuable "lawyer’s perspective" on the content and mental health experts in general. The huge appendix provides over 40 highly useful examples of common office forms, letters, reports, and affidavits. Any mental health professional who currently practices, or wants to practice, at the interface of mental health and the law will find this an indispensible practice resource.