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Anxiously Attached: Understanding and Working with Preoccupied Attachment
by Linda CundyAnxiously attached individuals feel chronically insecure and their relationships are often intense, angry, and enmeshed. In the spectrum of anxious attachment, some people tip into states of acute rumination following specific life events, while an extreme manifestation may be thought of as "borderline borderline" - inescapable brooding, raging, and inability to separate. Preoccupied clients can be difficult to work with, and these therapies often feel stuck or end badly. Anxiously Attached contains four papers presented at a conference in February 2016. They address the origins of anxious attachment in specific features of parent-infant relationships, findings from research about developmental aspects, typical features, concerns, and defences in adults, and how these may be presented in psychotherapy. Enmeshed dynamics in adult relationships, including the therapeutic relationship, are also highlighted, where threat of separation and loss activate intense attachment seeking. The aim is to increase understanding of preoccupied clients from an attachment perspective, to recognise the nature of their anxieties and resistances, and propose specific skills for therapeutic work.
Anxiously Attached: Understanding and Working with Preoccupied Attachment
by Linda CundyAnxiously attached individuals feel chronically insecure and their relationships are often intense, angry, and enmeshed. In the spectrum of anxious attachment, some people tip into states of acute rumination following specific life events, while an extreme manifestation may be thought of as "borderline borderline" - inescapable brooding, raging, and inability to separate. Preoccupied clients can be difficult to work with, and these therapies often feel stuck or end badly. Anxiously Attached contains four papers presented at a conference in February 2016. They address the origins of anxious attachment in specific features of parent-infant relationships, findings from research about developmental aspects, typical features, concerns, and defences in adults, and how these may be presented in psychotherapy. Enmeshed dynamics in adult relationships, including the therapeutic relationship, are also highlighted, where threat of separation and loss activate intense attachment seeking. The aim is to increase understanding of preoccupied clients from an attachment perspective, to recognise the nature of their anxieties and resistances, and propose specific skills for therapeutic work.
Anything for My Child: Making Impossible Decisions for Medically Complex Children
by Stephanie NimmoEvery parent wants the same thing: for their child to enjoy a long and fulfilling life. But what happens when things don't go according to plan? What happens when parents have to become advocates for their child's healthcare needs? Who decides what is in a child's 'best interests'?Stephanie Nimmo faced these questions first-hand when her daughter, Daisy, was diagnosed with a life-limiting condition as a baby. Seen through the lens of Stephanie's own experiences, this sensitive book delves into the complex world of medical ethics and paediatric palliative care. From recognising tipping points to the importance of building relationships with palliative care teams well before crisis, this book explores how medical professionals can better support families throughout their child's care.Interviews with clinicians and snapshots from the lives of patients' families provide insight into the realities of life on both sides of the hospital bed. Compassionate explanations of the conflicting pressures in the hospital system foster understanding and help medical professionals and families work together.
Apathy: Clinical and Neuroscientific Perspectives from Neurology and Psychiatry
by Krista Lanctot André AlemanApathy is characterized by loss of motivation, decreased initiative, and emotional blunting. It is highly prevalent in neurological, and psychiatric disorders like Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, cerebrovascular disorders, and mild behavioural impairment. It has negative outcomes including impairments in activities of daily living, caregiver burden, and higher rates of institutionalization and mortality. The definition of apathy has changed over the years alongside the development of diagnostic criteria and apathy scales and measurements. Apathy is emerging as a treatment target with interest in pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and neuromodulatory treatments for apathy. There is also an increased understanding of the neurobiology of apathy with functional and structural neuroimaging research studies. This book is a comprehensive, in-depth review from experts in neurology and psychiatry. It reviews the current state of apathy in these various disorders while also summarizing apathy diagnostic criteria, scales and measurements, neuropathology, and treatments.
Apathy: Clinical and Neuroscientific Perspectives from Neurology and Psychiatry
by Krista Lanctot André AlemanApathy is characterized by loss of motivation, decreased initiative, and emotional blunting. It is highly prevalent in neurological, and psychiatric disorders like Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, cerebrovascular disorders, and mild behavioural impairment. It has negative outcomes including impairments in activities of daily living, caregiver burden, and higher rates of institutionalization and mortality. The definition of apathy has changed over the years alongside the development of diagnostic criteria and apathy scales and measurements. Apathy is emerging as a treatment target with interest in pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and neuromodulatory treatments for apathy. There is also an increased understanding of the neurobiology of apathy with functional and structural neuroimaging research studies. This book is a comprehensive, in-depth review from experts in neurology and psychiatry. It reviews the current state of apathy in these various disorders while also summarizing apathy diagnostic criteria, scales and measurements, neuropathology, and treatments.
Apes, Language, and the Human Mind
by Sue Savage-Rumbaugh Stuart G. Shanker Talbot J. TaylorCurrent primate research has yielded stunning results that not only threaten our underlying assumptions about the cognitive and communicative abilities of nonhuman primates, but also bring into question what it means to be human. At the forefront of this research, Sue Savage-Rumbaugh recently has achieved a scientific breakthrough of impressive proportions. Her work with Kanzi, a laboratory-reared bonobo, has led to Kanzi's acquisition of linguistic and cognitive skills similar to those of a two and a half year-old human child. Apes, Language, and the Human Mind skillfully combines a fascinating narrative of the Kanzi research with incisive critical analysis of the research's broader linguistic, psychological, and anthropological implications. The first part of the book provides a detailed, personal account of Kanzi's infancy, youth, and upbringing, while the second part addresses the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological issues raised by the Kanzi research. The authors discuss the challenge to the foundations of modern cognitive science presented by the Kanzi research; the methods by which we represent and evaluate the abilities of both primates and humans; and the implications which ape language research has for the study of the evolution of human language. Sure to be controversial, this exciting new volume offers a radical revision of the sciences of language and mind, and will be important reading for all those working in the fields of primatology, anthropology, linguistics, philosophy of mind, and cognitive and developmental psychology.
Apes, Monkeys, Children, and the Growth of Mind (The Developing Child)
by Juan Carlos GómezWhat can the study of young monkeys and apes tell us about the minds of young humans? In this fascinating introduction to the study of primate minds, Juan Carlos Gómez identifies evolutionary resemblances—and differences—between human children and other primates. He argues that primate minds are best understood not as fixed collections of specialized cognitive capacities, but more dynamically, as a range of abilities that can surpass their original adaptations. In a lively overview of a distinguished body of cognitive developmental research among nonhuman primates, Gómez looks at knowledge of the physical world, causal reasoning (including the chimpanzee-like errors that human children make), and the contentious subjects of ape language, theory of mind, and imitation. Attempts to teach language to chimpanzees, as well as studies of the quality of some primate vocal communication in the wild, make a powerful case that primates have a natural capacity for relatively sophisticated communication, and considerable power to learn when humans teach them. Gómez concludes that for all cognitive psychology’s interest in perception, information processing, and reasoning, some essential functions of mental life are based on ideas that cannot be explicitly articulated. Nonhuman and human primates alike rely on implicit knowledge. Studying nonhuman primates helps us to understand this perplexing aspect of all primate minds.
Aphasia: The Basics (The Basics)
by Jane MarshallThis book provides a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to aphasia, or loss of language, a complex condition that affects approximately a third of stroke survivors.It describes the varied manifestations of aphasia on speech, comprehension, reading and writing. Chapters explore how aphasia presents across different languages and in bilingualism, as well as the impacts of aphasia on a person’s life and the effects for family members. The text also considers recovery in aphasia and how that recovery can be enhanced by a range of interventions. All topics are informed by extensive research and personal accounts of individuals living with aphasia.Anyone interested in language needs to know about aphasia and will find here the perfect beginner’s guide. The book provides an invaluable introduction to aphasia for students of speech and language therapy, health professionals and others with an interest in stroke care. It also offers easy-to-read answers to many of the questions posed by family members of stroke survivors.
Aphasia: The Basics (The Basics)
by Jane MarshallThis book provides a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to aphasia, or loss of language, a complex condition that affects approximately a third of stroke survivors.It describes the varied manifestations of aphasia on speech, comprehension, reading and writing. Chapters explore how aphasia presents across different languages and in bilingualism, as well as the impacts of aphasia on a person’s life and the effects for family members. The text also considers recovery in aphasia and how that recovery can be enhanced by a range of interventions. All topics are informed by extensive research and personal accounts of individuals living with aphasia.Anyone interested in language needs to know about aphasia and will find here the perfect beginner’s guide. The book provides an invaluable introduction to aphasia for students of speech and language therapy, health professionals and others with an interest in stroke care. It also offers easy-to-read answers to many of the questions posed by family members of stroke survivors.
Aphasia and Its Therapy
by Anna BassoThis is the first single-authored book to attempt to bridge the gap between aphasia research and the rehabilitation of patients with this language disorder. Studies of the deficits underlying aphasia and the practice of aphasia rehabilitation have often diverged, and the relationship between theory and practice in aphasiology is loose. The goal of this book is to help close this gap by making explicit the relationship between what is to be rehabilitated and how to rehabilitate it. Early chapters cover the history of aphasia and its therapy from Broca's discoveries to the 1970s, and provide a description of the classic aphasia syndromes. The middle section describes the contribution of cognitive neuropsychology and the treatment models it has inspired. It includes discussion of the relationship between the treatment approach and the functional model upon which it is based. The final chapters deal with aphasia therapy. After providing a sketch of a working theory of aphasia, Basso describes intervention procedures for disorders resulting from damage at the lexical and sentence levels as well as a more general conversation-based intervention for severe aphasics. Anna Basso has run an aphasia rehabilitation unit for more than thirty years. In this book she draws on her considerable experience to provide researchers, clinicians, and their students and trainees in speech-language pathology and therapy, aphasiology, and neuropsychology with comprehensive coverage of the evolution and state of the art of aphasia research and therapy.
The Aphasia Therapy File: Volume 2
by Sally Byng Judith Duchan Carole PoundThe Aphasia Therapy Files represent a practical resource for people who work with individuals with aphasia, either as therapists or as researchers. An overview of issues associated with current practices is combined with a study of the practicalities of determining, designing and implementing therapies. This second volume continues to explore the possibility of bridging the gap between therapy in a clinical setting and the practical issues faced by the person living with aphasia. Each author presents one or more of their clinical practices in order to share their therapy experiences and reasoning with others. These contributions provide an insight into the complex issues that face both the practitioner and the person with aphasia, including discussion of subjects such as: Revealing competence and rethinking identity for people with severe aphasia using drawing and a communication book Respecting the rights of a person with aphasia to their own life choices: a longitudinal therapy study A group approach to the long-term rehabilitation of people with acquired head injury within the community Lexical and functionally based treatment: effects on word retrieval and conversation While each of the chapters is of considerable interest on its own, the final chapter offers readers a method of describing and capturing what happens in therapy and why, to enable comparisons between therapies and application by readers themselves. Written by speech and language therapists working in clinical practice, the studies included in this unique resource reflect the realities of everyday practice and will appeal to therapists, students and researchers in aphasia.
The Aphasia Therapy File: Volume 1
by Sally Byng Carole Pound Kate SwinburnDifferent from a textbook or academic journal, the File represents a collection of explicit descriptions about therapy interventions written by practitioners themselves. The description of the rationale for the therapy, the intervention itself and evaluation of outcomes are of paramount importance. Each contributor guides the reader through the thinking that they engaged in as they decided what to do, often with considerable frankness about the difficulties involved. The File will be of equal value to experienced practitioners and students alike.
The Aphasia Therapy File: Volume 1
by Sally Byng Kate Swinburn Carole PoundDifferent from a textbook or academic journal, the File represents a collection of explicit descriptions about therapy interventions written by practitioners themselves. The description of the rationale for the therapy, the intervention itself and evaluation of outcomes are of paramount importance. Each contributor guides the reader through the thinking that they engaged in as they decided what to do, often with considerable frankness about the difficulties involved. The File will be of equal value to experienced practitioners and students alike.
The Aphasia Therapy File: Volume 2
The Aphasia Therapy Files represent a practical resource for people who work with individuals with aphasia, either as therapists or as researchers. An overview of issues associated with current practices is combined with a study of the practicalities of determining, designing and implementing therapies. This second volume continues to explore the possibility of bridging the gap between therapy in a clinical setting and the practical issues faced by the person living with aphasia. Each author presents one or more of their clinical practices in order to share their therapy experiences and reasoning with others. These contributions provide an insight into the complex issues that face both the practitioner and the person with aphasia, including discussion of subjects such as: Revealing competence and rethinking identity for people with severe aphasia using drawing and a communication book Respecting the rights of a person with aphasia to their own life choices: a longitudinal therapy study A group approach to the long-term rehabilitation of people with acquired head injury within the community Lexical and functionally based treatment: effects on word retrieval and conversation While each of the chapters is of considerable interest on its own, the final chapter offers readers a method of describing and capturing what happens in therapy and why, to enable comparisons between therapies and application by readers themselves. Written by speech and language therapists working in clinical practice, the studies included in this unique resource reflect the realities of everyday practice and will appeal to therapists, students and researchers in aphasia.
Aphasia’s Implications for Linguistics Research: Exploring the Interface Between Semantics and Pragmatics (Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology #35)
by Roberto GraciThis volume stresses the importance of a multidisciplinary perspective in deepening knowledge of the interface between semantics and pragmatics. It thoroughly investigates concepts belonging to Neo-Gricean and post-Gricean theories. Theoretical research in pragmatics has challenged the idea of a close relation between literal meaning and the explicitly conveyed proposition, claiming that situational context is responsible for an ongoing process of adjusting and revising what a speaker says. Similarly, recent discoveries from the clinical side have highlighted the importance of extra-linguistic sources and the cognitive context in the syntactic and semantic competence of people with language disorders. The productive comparison between reflections from theoretical pragmatics and the most recent developments in cognitive sciences provides an authentic way of addressing traditional philosophical issues, moving them to a new fertile ground. The research herein is gathered across disciplines to provide theoretical and clinical contributions and collaborations, making this book broadly appropriate to students, researchers and professionals in the fields.
Aphasie: ICF-orientierte Diagnostik und Therapie (Praxiswissen Logopädie)
by Barbara Schneider Meike Wehmeyer Holger GrötzbachDas erfolgreiche Lehrbuch in der 7. Auflage vermittelt Lernenden und Lehrenden in der Logopädie Grundlagen und evidenzbasiertes Wissen für eine Therapie von Aphasie nach ICF. Die detaillierte Beschreibung spezifischer Beeinträchtigungen, z.B. von Alexien, Agraphien und Akalkulien, ermöglicht eine umfassende Diagnostik und Therapie kommunikativer Störungen nach Schlaganfall. Hinweise zur Phase der Rehabilitation und zu Erholungsprozessen des Gehirns helfen gezielt bei der Planung und Durchführung der Aphasietherapie.Zu den einzelnen Störungsbereichen wie beim Sprachverständnis, der Wortfindung oder des Wortabrufs oder der Satzbildung finden Therapeuten bewährte Übungen, Hilfen und ausgewähltes Übungsmaterial. Auch auf Krankheitsbewältigung, soziale Integration und berufliche Reintegration wird eingegangen.Die 7. Auflage wurde umfassend überarbeitet und um zahlreiche Themen ergänzt, z.B. Bildgebung und Neuromodulation, partizipationsorientierte Diagnostik, Methoden der Unterstützten Kommunikation und technologiegestützten Aphasietherapie. Plus: Exkurse ermöglichen gezielt eine thematische Vertiefung.Ein Standard für die Behandlung von Patienten mit Aphasie für Auszubildende und Studierende der Logopädie sowie bereits erfahrene Sprachtherapeutinnen und Sprachtherapeuten zum Nachschlagen und Vertiefen.
Aphasie: Wege aus dem Sprachdschungel (Praxiswissen Logopädie)
by Barbara Schneider Meike Wehmeyer Holger GrötzbachDer Band vermittelt in einer ausgewogenen Mischung aus Fachwissen und Praxis-Know-how ein umfassendes Verständnis von Krankheitsbild und Therapie der Aphasie: von den neurologischen Grundlagen, den Reorganisationsmechanismen, Sprachverarbeitungsmodellen über Diagnostik und Klassifikationssysteme bis hin zur Planung und Durchführung der Therapie. Der Band eignet sich als Nachschlagewerk ebenso wie als Leitfaden und bietet Übungen zu allen Aspekten der Therapie-Praxis.
Aphasie: Wege aus dem Sprachdschungel (Praxiswissen Logopädie)
by Barbara Schneider Meike Wehmeyer Holger GrötzbachPlötzlich sprachlos sein …… heißt für viele Patienten mit Aphasie, in einem „Dschungel“ aus Buchstaben, Wörtern und Sätzen sich zurechtfinden zu müssen. Welche Wege können Sie als Sprachtherapeut gemeinsam mit Ihren Patienten einschlagen, um sie aus diesem Dickicht zu führen, damit eine Teilhabe an Gesprächen und am sozialen Leben wieder möglich ist?Dieses erfolgreiche Lehrbuch – inzwischen in der 6. Auflage – vermittelt Ihnen die einzelnen Schritte dieses Weges in einer ausgewogenen Mischung aus Hintergrund- und Praxisinformationen. Sie erhalten alle für die Therapien erforderlichen Kenntnisse über Symptome und Syndrome, Anamnese und Diagnostik, Planung und Durchführung der Behandlung. Unterschiedliche Therapiebausteine unterstützen Sie dabei, für jede Störung individuell angepasste Übungen mit „Regieanweisungen“ durchzuführen, Hilfestellungen zu leisten und Materialempfehlungen umzusetzen.NEU in der 6. AuflageLangzeitverlauf von Aphasie bei Kindern und JugendlichenNeue ScreeningverfahrenEinsatz von PCs und TabletsKommunikativ orientierte Aphasietherapie
The Apocalypse of the Reluctant Gnostics: Carl G. Jung and Philip K. Dick
by Stuart DouglasThis book presents a comparison of the Gnostic worldviews of Carl G. Jung and science-fiction author, Philip K. Dick, two figures who have done far more than most to revive an interest in the Gnostic tradition in the modern world. Despite profoundly different approaches - one was a depth psychologist whose unique insights and approach to psychology forced him to explore the depths of the unconscious in a way that inevitably led him to touch frequently on metaphysical or spiritual matters; the other was an author of science-fiction - there are some striking parallels between their unique Gnostic visions. With the relatively recent publication of both Jung's and Dick's personal journals - The Red Book (2009), and, The Exegesis of Philip K. Dick (2011), respectively - in which they articulate their Gnostic visions, it seems timely to make this comparison.
The Apocalypse of the Reluctant Gnostics: Carl G. Jung and Philip K. Dick
by Stuart DouglasThis book presents a comparison of the Gnostic worldviews of Carl G. Jung and science-fiction author, Philip K. Dick, two figures who have done far more than most to revive an interest in the Gnostic tradition in the modern world. Despite profoundly different approaches - one was a depth psychologist whose unique insights and approach to psychology forced him to explore the depths of the unconscious in a way that inevitably led him to touch frequently on metaphysical or spiritual matters; the other was an author of science-fiction - there are some striking parallels between their unique Gnostic visions. With the relatively recent publication of both Jung's and Dick's personal journals - The Red Book (2009), and, The Exegesis of Philip K. Dick (2011), respectively - in which they articulate their Gnostic visions, it seems timely to make this comparison.
An Apocryphal Dictionary of Psychoanalysis (Psychoanalytic Field Theory Book Series)
by Giuseppe CivitareseAn Apocryphal Dictionary of Psychoanalysis is a book of transpositions, collecting together the author’s clinical vignettes, enigmatic objects, stray thoughts, projects, images, notes from readings, and musings; but also remarks on films and exhibitions, memories, episodes from daily life, summaries of papers to write, questions, doubts and obsessions - all of which have shaped the author’s understanding of psychoanalysis. Born from moments in which the author has sensed a solution for problems encountered in daily work or for obscure but exciting points of the theory, the entries are ordered in an apocryphal manner, offering a personal and challenging view of psychoanalysis. Like small epiphanies in which there is always an emotion - be it that of amusement, astonishment, gratitude, sadness, joy – they express the style of the analyst and of the person in treating mental suffering and give a glimpse into the imaginary which nurtures it. Ideas for psychoanalysis are outlined where at centre stage is the ability to wait, to be surprised; to operate from the place of the unconscious, which by definition is a place of negativity, and to exercise a form of soft scepticism – ultimately, a mode of hospitality. An Apocryphal Dictionary of Psychoanalysis will be of great use to psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists.
An Apocryphal Dictionary of Psychoanalysis (Psychoanalytic Field Theory Book Series)
by Giuseppe CivitareseAn Apocryphal Dictionary of Psychoanalysis is a book of transpositions, collecting together the author’s clinical vignettes, enigmatic objects, stray thoughts, projects, images, notes from readings, and musings; but also remarks on films and exhibitions, memories, episodes from daily life, summaries of papers to write, questions, doubts and obsessions - all of which have shaped the author’s understanding of psychoanalysis. Born from moments in which the author has sensed a solution for problems encountered in daily work or for obscure but exciting points of the theory, the entries are ordered in an apocryphal manner, offering a personal and challenging view of psychoanalysis. Like small epiphanies in which there is always an emotion - be it that of amusement, astonishment, gratitude, sadness, joy – they express the style of the analyst and of the person in treating mental suffering and give a glimpse into the imaginary which nurtures it. Ideas for psychoanalysis are outlined where at centre stage is the ability to wait, to be surprised; to operate from the place of the unconscious, which by definition is a place of negativity, and to exercise a form of soft scepticism – ultimately, a mode of hospitality. An Apocryphal Dictionary of Psychoanalysis will be of great use to psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists.
The Apologetics of Evil: The Case of Iago (Princeton Monographs in Philosophy #26)
by Richard RaatzschThis book is a concise philosophical meditation on Iago and the nature of evil, through the exploration of the enduring puzzle found in Shakespeare's Othello. What drives Iago to orchestrate Othello's downfall? Instead of treating Iago's lack of motive as the play's greatest weakness, The Apologetics of Evil shows how this absence of motive is the play's greatest strength. Richard Raatzsch determines that Iago does not seek a particular end or revenge for a discrete wrong; instead, Iago is governed by a passion for intriguing in itself. Raatzsch explains that this passion is a pathological version of ordinary human behavior and that Iago lacks the ability to acknowledge others; what matters most to him is the difference between himself and the rest of the world. The book opens with a portrait of Iago, and considers the nature and moral significance of the evil that he represents. Raatzsch addresses the boundaries dividing normality and pathology, conceptualizing evil as a pathological form of the good or ordinary. Seen this way, evil is conceptually dependent on the ordinary, and Iago, as a form of moral monster, is a kind of nonbeing. Therefore, his actions might be understood and defended, even if they cannot be justified. In a brief epilogue, Raatzsch argues that literature's presentation of what is monstrous or virtuous can constitute an understanding of these concepts, not merely illustrate them.
The Apologetics of Evil: The Case of Iago
by Richard Raatzsch Ladislaus LobThis book is a concise philosophical meditation on Iago and the nature of evil, through the exploration of the enduring puzzle found in Shakespeare's Othello. What drives Iago to orchestrate Othello's downfall? Instead of treating Iago's lack of motive as the play's greatest weakness, The Apologetics of Evil shows how this absence of motive is the play's greatest strength. Richard Raatzsch determines that Iago does not seek a particular end or revenge for a discrete wrong; instead, Iago is governed by a passion for intriguing in itself. Raatzsch explains that this passion is a pathological version of ordinary human behavior and that Iago lacks the ability to acknowledge others; what matters most to him is the difference between himself and the rest of the world. The book opens with a portrait of Iago, and considers the nature and moral significance of the evil that he represents. Raatzsch addresses the boundaries dividing normality and pathology, conceptualizing evil as a pathological form of the good or ordinary. Seen this way, evil is conceptually dependent on the ordinary, and Iago, as a form of moral monster, is a kind of nonbeing. Therefore, his actions might be understood and defended, even if they cannot be justified. In a brief epilogue, Raatzsch argues that literature's presentation of what is monstrous or virtuous can constitute an understanding of these concepts, not merely illustrate them.
Apologia Pro Vita Mea: An Intellectual Odyssey
by Richard D. ChessickThis book is a narrative in dialogue form in which the author, now an octogenarian who is a psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, and a PhD in philosophy, describes his intellectual evolution from a published laboratory researcher to engagement in the full-time clinical teaching and practice of psychoanalysis, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and philosophy. He reviews the development of his ideas through his many publications and offers commentary on the nature of the origin, environment, and content of his thinking at the time each of these were written, also referring to his voluminous diaries. This serves as a running report on the changing fashions in the field of psychiatry, psychoanalysis, and philosophy over the past sixty-five years, along with the author's opinions about the nature and source of these changes. The book is divided into five parts, arranged chronologically from 1953 to the present time.