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Logical Tools for Modelling Legal Argument: A Study of Defeasible Reasoning in Law (Law and Philosophy Library #32)
by H. PrakkenThis book is a revised and extended version of my PhD Thesis 'Logical Tools for Modelling Legal Argument', which I defended on 14 January 1993 at the Free University Amsterdam. The first five chapters of the thesis have remained almost completely unchanged but the other chapters have undergone considerable revision and expansion. Most importantly, I have replaced the formal argument-based system of the old Chapters 6, 7 and 8 with a revised and extended system, whieh I have developed during the last three years in collaboration with Giovanni Sartor. Apart from some technical improvements, the main additions to the old system are the enriehment of its language with a nonprovability operator, and the ability to formalise reasoning about preference criteria. Moreover, the new system has a very intuitive dialectieal form, as opposed to the rather unintuitive fixed-point appearance of the old system. Another important revision is the split of the old Chapter 9 into two new chapters. The old Section 9. 1 on related research has been updated and expanded into a whole chapter, while the rest of the old chapter is now in revised form in Chapter 10. This chapter also contains two new contributions, a detailed discussion of Gordon's Pleadings Game, and a general description of a multi-Iayered overall view on the structure of argu mentation, comprising a logieal, dialectical, procedural and strategie layer. Finally, in the revised conclusion I have paid more attention to the relevance of my investigations for legal philosophy and argumentation theory.
Logicism, Intuitionism, and Formalism: What Has Become of Them? (Synthese Library #341)
by Sten Lindström Erik Palmgren Krister Segerberg Viggo Stoltenberg-Hansen
Logics and Falsifications: A New Perspective on Constructivist Semantics (Trends in Logic #40)
by Andreas KapsnerThis volume examines the concept of falsification as a central notion of semantic theories and its effects on logical laws. The point of departure is the general constructivist line of argument that Michael Dummett has offered over the last decades. From there, the author examines the ways in which falsifications can enter into a constructivist semantics, displays the full spectrum of options, and discusses the logical systems most suitable to each one of them. While the idea of introducing falsifications into the semantic account is Dummett's own, the many ways in which falsificationism departs quite radically from verificationism are here spelled out in detail for the first time.The volume is divided into three large parts. The first part provides important background information about Dummett’s program, intuitionism and logics with gaps and gluts. The second part is devoted to the introduction of falsifications into the constructive account and shows that there is more than one way in which one can do this. The third part details the logical effects of these various moves. In the end, the book shows that the constructive path may branch in different directions: towards intuitionistic logic, dual intuitionistic logic and several variations of Nelson logics. The author argues that, on balance, the latter are the more promising routes to take."Kapsner’s book is the first detailed investigation of how to incorporate the notion of falsification into formal logic. This is a fascinating logico-philosophical investigation, which will interest non-classical logicians of all stripes."Graham Priest, Graduate Center, City University of New York and University of Melbourne
Logik im Recht: Grundlagen und Anwendungsbeispiele (Springer-Lehrbuch)
by Jan C. JoerdenIn dem Lehr- und Studienbuch zeigt der Autor, in welchem Maße logische Strukturen das Rechtsdenken bestimmen. Er erläutert die wesentlichen logischen Grundlagen und ihre Anwendung auf dem Gebiet des Rechts. Zum einen führt dies zu einem tieferen Verständnis der juristischen Dogmatik und einer systematischen Durchdringung des Rechtsstoffs, zum anderen tragen die Überlegungen zwischen Logik und Rechtswissenschaft zu neuen Erkenntnissen bei. Behandelt werden verschiedene Strukturen des Rechts, u. a. relationenlogische und syllogistische Strukturen.
Logik im Recht: Grundlagen und Anwendungsbeispiele (Springer-Lehrbuch)
by Jan C. JoerdenIn dem Lehr- und Studienbuch zeigt der Autor, in welchem Maße logische Strukturen das Rechtsdenken bestimmen. Er erläutert die wesentlichen logischen Grundlagen und ihre Anwendung auf dem Gebiet des Rechts. Zum einen führt dies zu einem tieferen Verständnis der juristischen Dogmatik und einer systematischen Durchdringung des Rechtsstoffs, zum anderen tragen die Überlegungen zwischen Logik und Rechtswissenschaft zu neuen Erkenntnissen bei. Behandelt werden verschiedene Strukturen des Rechts, u. a. relationenlogische und syllogistische Strukturen.
Logik im Recht: Grundlagen und Anwendungsbeispiele (Springer-Lehrbuch)
by Jan C. JoerdenDas Lehr- und Studienbuch zeigt, in welchem Maße logische Strukturen das Rechtsdenken mitbestimmen. Die wesentlichen logischen Grundlagen werden dargestellt und auf ausgewählte Beispiele auf dem Gebiet des Rechts angewendet. Dies erleichtert das Verständnis der juristischen Dogmatik und des jeweils relevanten Rechtsstoffes. Behandelt werden aussagenlogische, klassenlogische, kombinatorische, modallogische, quantorenlogische, deontologische, relationenlogische, handlungslogische, syllogistische, fuzzylogische und paradoxe Strukturen des Rechts.
Logos of Phenomenology and Phenomenology of The Logos. Book Three: Logos of History - Logos of Life, Historicity, Time, Nature, Communication, Consciousness, Alterity, Culture (Analecta Husserliana #90)
by Anna-Teresa TymienieckaSituated at the crossroads of nature and culture, physics and consciousness, cosmos and life, history – intimately conjoined with time – continues to puzzle the philosopher as well as the scientist. Does brute nature unfold a history? Does human history have a telos? Does human existence have a purpose? Phenomenology of life projects a new interrogative system for reexamining these questions. We are invited to follow the logos of life as it spins in innumerable ways the interplay of natural factors, human passions, social forces, science and experience – through interruptions and kairic moments of accomplishment – in the human creative imagination and intellective reasoning. There then run a cohesive thread of reality.
Logos of Phenomenology and Phenomenology of The Logos. Book Two: The Human Condition in-the-Unity-of-Everything-there-is-alive Individuation, Self, Person, Self-determination, Freedom, Necessity (Analecta Husserliana #89)
by Anna-Teresa TymienieckaThe human being is today at the center of scientific, social, ethical and philosophical debates. The Human Condition-in-the-unity-of-everything-there-is-alive, under whose aegis the present selection of essays falls, offers the urgently needed new approach to reinvestigating humanness. While recent advances in the neurosciences, genetics and bio-engineering challenge the traditional abstract conception of "human nature", indicating its transformability, thus putting in question the main tenets of traditional philosophical anthropology, in the new perspective of the Human Creative Condition the human individual is seen in its emergence and unfolding within the dynamic networks of the logos of life, and within the evolution of living types. Just the same, the creative logos of the mind lifts the human person into a sphere of freedom. Within the networks of the logos we retrieve the classical principles – human subject, ego, self, body, soul, person – reinterpret them to counter the naturalistic critique (Tymieniecka). Thus principles of a new philosophical anthropology satisfying the requirements of the present time are laid down.
London ABC
by Ben HawkesFrom Aquarium to Zoo: all of London is here in this covetable guide to the capital. Brilliant for any visitor to London as a handy checklist, as well as a gorgeous gift for the London lover. There's tons to spot in the pictures, including a lost penguin, trying to find his way home. Illustrated in a gloriously retro palette by Ben Hawkes, the London ABC is quirky, witty and endlessly appealing.
London, Block by Block: An illustrated guide to the best of England’s capital
by Cierra BlockFor anyone who loves London – whether you're visiting for the weekend or are a die-hard local – this is the book for you.Artist Cierra Block loves to create maps, and this compilation will have you uncovering the best things London has on offer. Featuring the most notable places to eat, what to see, where to walk and what to do, this is a guide like no other. Vibrantly illustrated, Cierra lists all the top addresses and areas to explore. Find out where to indulge in the best afternoon tea and festive mince pies; jump on a bike and take a spin around Shoreditch or Hampstead like a local; or follow in the footsteps of the Suffragettes. From haunted spots for true-crime lovers, to the best bookshops, romantic strolls and coffee pit-stops, London, Block by Block will make your next visit to London the most memorable one yet.
London Boroughs at 50
by Tony TraversIt is the year 1965. Mary Quant introduces the miniskirt to society in her shop in Chelsea; the Dalek-style Post Office Tower is opened; and the Beatles play their last ever live UK tour date. Most importantly, on 1 April, a new system of city government is introduced and London’s thirty-two boroughs are born, revolutionising the capital into the place we know today.New names had to be chosen, councillors elected and policies formed; these boroughs and the Greater London Council between them took control of housing, roads, planning, schools and social services. Half a century on and, though the GLC was abolished in 1986, the boroughs live on, now working alongside a new metropolitan government headed by mayors Ken Livingstone and, since 2008, Boris Johnson.In London’s Boroughs at 50, Tony Travers examines the governing system that developed alongside the growing metropolis and, by identifying the unique path each has taken over the years, tells the fascinating story of how our remarkably diverse boroughs have not only survived, but actively shaped both the city and the lives of its inhabitants in their impressive fifty-year history.
The London Compendium: A Street-by-street Exploration Of The Hidden Metropolis
by Ed GlinertThe streets of London resonate with secret stories, from East End lore to Cold War espionage, from tales of riots, rakes, anarchy and grisly murders, to Rolling Stones gigs, gangland drinking dens, Orwell's Fitzrovia and Lenin's haunts. Ed Glinert has walked the length and breadth of the city to unravel its mysteries, travelling through time from the Romans' London wall to the new Olympic site at Stratford. This is London as you have never seen it before.
The London Compendium: A street-by-street exploration of the hidden metropolis
by Ed GlinertThe streets of London resonate with secret stories, from East End lore to Cold War espionage, from tales of riots, rakes, brothers, anarchy and grisly murders, to Rolling Stones gigs, gangland drinking dens, Orwell's Fitzrovia and Lenin's haunts. Ed Glinert has walked the city from Limehouse to Lambeth, Whitehall to Whitechapel, unravelling its mysteries along the way. This is London as you have never seen it before.
The London Encyclopaedia (3rd Edition)
by John Keay Christopher Hibbert Julia Keay Ben Weinreb‘There is no one-volume book in print that carries so much valuable information on London and its history’ Illustrated London News The London Encyclopaedia is the most comprehensive book on London ever published. In its first new edition in over ten years, completely revised and updated, it comprises some 6,000 entries, organised alphabetically, cross-referenced and supported by two large indexes – one for the 10,000 people mentioned in the text and one general – and is illustrated with over 500 drawings, prints and photographs. Everything of relevance to the history, culture, commerce and government of the capital is documented in this phenomenal book. From the very first settlements through to the skyline of today, The London Encyclopaedia comprehends all that is London. ‘Written in very accessible prose with a range of memorable quotations and affectionate jokes…a monumental achievement written with real love’ Financial Times
The London Pocket Bible: Everything You Need To Know About London (Pocket Bible Ser.)
by Teresa PaddingtonThe London Pocket Bible offers entertaining advice for the visiting tourist or life-long Londoner, as well as:- Essential travel tips for the first time visitor; from not getting caught in the rush hour to understanding London's famous tube map- Being easy-to-use and small enough to take on the move as you travel around London- A handy reference guide; dip into as you visit sites such as the London Eye or Big Ben - A guide to fun days out with friends or the whole family, from the British Museum to a trip to Buckingham Palace to catch a glimpse of the RoyalsThis guide is more detailed than a guide book, fun facts about London's hidden character and historic architecture; A simple layout which acts as a reference book for long stays or as a quick guide for shorter visits. Interesting trivia about the capital and a glossary to make sure you're never baffled by the London jargon.With a unique mix of practical tip, trivia and entertainment The London Pocket Bible is a gift-book that is more than just a travel guide, it's a fascinating insight, including:Tantalising trivia about its many famous locations, from the London Eye to Tower Bridge, and icons from black cabs to beefeaters; Exciting and historical trips; explore London, from the quirky to the famous as well as the traditional side to the city; London's artistic and literary roots, from Shakespeare's Globe to Banksy's modern graffiti art; Facts and trivia about the macabre side of London including haunted London landmarks, folklore, and notorious criminals including Jack the Ripper; The London quiz, test your talents and prove yourself a worthy Londoner. Every Pocket Bible is lovingly crafted to give you a unique mix of useful references, handy tips and fascinating trivia that will enlighten and entertain you at every page. There is a Pocket Bible for everyone...Other titles in the series: The Dad's Pocket Bible, The Railway Pocket Bible, The Traveller's Pocket Bible, The Allotment Pocket Bible and The Camping Pocket Bible.
London Underground By Design
by Mark OvendenSince its establishment 150 years ago as the world's first urban subway, the London Underground has continuously set a benchmark for design that many transit systems around the world - from New York to Tokyo to Moscow and beyond - have followed. London Underground by Design is the first meticulous study of every aspect of that feat. Beginning in the pioneering Victorian age, Mark Ovenden charts the evolution of architecture, branding, typeface, map design, interior and textile styles, posters, signage and graphic design and how all these came together to shape not just the identity of the Underground, but the character of London itself. This is the story of some of the most celebrated figures in design history - from Frank Pick, the guru who conceptualised the design of the modern Tube with his idea of 'design fit for purpose', to Harry Beck, the creator of the Tube map, and from Marion Dorn, one of the leading textile designers of the 20th Century, to Edward Johnston, creator of the distinctive font that bears his name. Rich with stunning illustrations, London Underground by Design shows that design is about more than aesthetic pleasure, but is crucial to how we get around.
Long-run Economics: An Evolutionary Approach to Economic Growth (Bloomsbury Academic Collections: Economics)
by Norman Clark Calestous JumaA major problem of conventional economic theory as applied to long-run economic change is its unduly narrow and static character, which compromises its capacity to handle conceptually a social process inherently systemic, complex and dynamic. At the same time there is a growing realization in relevant government and industrial circles (reinforced by the example of Japan) that effective economic policy-making needs a strategic, and therefore a technological, content.Long-Run Economics suggests a more realistic conceptual framework for the analysis of economic and technological change. Borrowing from other disciplines, such as sociology, psychology and biology, the authors develop a model that is evolutionary and systemic in character. Special emphasis is given to the role of information flows in the innovative process, while the overall argument is illustrated by two case studies, photovoltaics and fuel ethanol. Finally, the book stresses the strategic importance of science and technology policy and the role of appropriate institutions in facilitating long-run economic change.
Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics
by Jack C. Richards Richard W. SchmidtThis best-selling dictionary is now in its 4th edition. Specifically written for students of language teaching and applied linguistics, it has become an indispensible resource for those engaged in courses in TEFL, TESOL, applied linguistics and introductory courses in general linguistics. Fully revised, this new edition includes over 350 new entries. Previous definitions have been revised or replaced in order to make this the most up-to-date and comprehensive dictionary available. Providing straightforward and accessible explanations of difficult terms and ideas in applied linguistics, this dictionary offers: Nearly 3000 detailed entries, from subject areas such as teaching methodology, curriculum development, sociolinguistics, syntax and phonetics. Clear and accurate definitions which assume no prior knowledge of the subject matter helpful diagrams and tables cross references throughout, linking related subject areas for ease of reference, and helping to broaden students' knowledgeThe Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics is the definitive resource for students.
Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics
by Jack C. Richards Richard W. SchmidtThis best-selling dictionary is now in its 4th edition. Specifically written for students of language teaching and applied linguistics, it has become an indispensible resource for those engaged in courses in TEFL, TESOL, applied linguistics and introductory courses in general linguistics. Fully revised, this new edition includes over 350 new entries. Previous definitions have been revised or replaced in order to make this the most up-to-date and comprehensive dictionary available. Providing straightforward and accessible explanations of difficult terms and ideas in applied linguistics, this dictionary offers: Nearly 3000 detailed entries, from subject areas such as teaching methodology, curriculum development, sociolinguistics, syntax and phonetics. Clear and accurate definitions which assume no prior knowledge of the subject matter helpful diagrams and tables cross references throughout, linking related subject areas for ease of reference, and helping to broaden students' knowledgeThe Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics is the definitive resource for students.
The Loo Companion: Are You Sitting Comfortably?
by Mark LeighPull up a seat and take a pit stop with this amusing toilet book. The Loo Companion is a hilarious and entertaining addition to any bathroom, guaranteed to expand your mind and make you laugh whenever nature calls. This book contains pages of trivia, news stories, historic references, quotes, anecdotes, statistics, sudoku, jokes, quizzes, puzzles, and more ... all written in bitesized chunks, perfect for the reader to dip into - however long they're otherwise 'engaged'. Filled with humorous facts about toilet-related activity, as well as a compendium of some more generic humour, there is something for everyone. So whenever you're going to see a man about a dog, this book will guarantee you'll never be bored and keep you glued to your seat.
Look, I Made a Hat: Collected Lyrics (1981-2011) with attendant Comments, Amplifications, Dogmas, Harangues, Digressions, Anecdotes and Miscellany
by Stephen SondheimAs he did in the acclaimed Finishing the Hat, Sondheim richly annotates his lyrics with personal and theatre history, discussions of his collaborations, and exacting, charming dissections of his work - both the successes and the failures. Picking up where he left off in Finishing the Hat, he gives us all the lyrics, along with cutouts and early drafts, to the Pulitzer Prize-winning Sunday in the Park with George, as well as Into the Woods, Assassins, and Passion. Here too is an in-depth look at Wise Guys, subsequently transformed into Bounce, and eventually into Road Show. And we are treated to chapters on his work for television and film and his "orphan songs," culled from parodies and special occasions over the years. Filled with behind-the-scenes photographs and illustrations from original manuscripts, and with the same elegant design as the earlier book, Look, I Made A Hat will be devoured by Sondheim's passionate fans today and for years to come.
Looking for a New England: Action, Time, Vision: Music, Film and TV 1975 - 1986
by Simon MatthewsWhat happened to UK cinema and TV when swinging London ended? Looking for a New England covers the period 1975 to 1986, from Slade in Flame to Absolute Beginners.A carefully researched exploration of transgressive films, the career of David Bowie, dystopias, the Joan Collins ouevre, black cinema, the origins and impact of punk music, political films, comedy, how Ireland and Scotland featured on our screens and the rise of Richard Branson and a new, commercial, mainstream. The sequel to Psychedelic Celluloid, it describes over 100 film and TV productions in detail, together with their literary, social and musical influences during a time when profound changes shrank the size of the UK cinema industry.Praise for Psychedelic Celluloid:'Addresses everything with a thoroughness and eye for detail that's hugely impressive' - Irish News'The ultimate catalogue of musical references in film and TV from the swinging sixties' - Glass Magazine'A must-purchase for fans of British films and pop music' - Goldmine
Looking for Information: Examining Research on How People Engage with Information (Studies in Information)
by Lisa M. Given Donald O. Case Rebekah WillsonThis fifth edition of Looking for Information is redesigned to reflect the breadth of research across information behaviour studies, with a new streamlined, six-chapter structure, presenting a refreshed look at people’s information needs and seeking practices, while also embracing contemporary concepts such as information use, creation, and embodiment. This edition retains its core purpose by highlighting essential aspects of research on people’s information behaviours, including detailed examples from more than 1200 research publications. The authors present historic works (including those focused on people’s occupations) alongside contemporary research addressing the situations and contexts that shape people’s experiences. Studies using innovative methodological or theoretical approaches, and those reflecting ongoing shifts towards interdisciplinarity are also featured. The authors carefully balance quick access to summaries and highlights, alongside long-form narratives, while retaining the content and focus that readers of Looking for Information have come to expect. Each chapter serves as a stand-alone piece of writing, with its own reference list and Must-Read recommendations, facilitating e-reading and inclusion on course syllabi. All these features will enhance readers’ experiences of this new edition.
Looking for Information: Examining Research on How People Engage with Information (Studies in Information)
by Lisa M. Given Donald O. Case Rebekah WillsonThis fifth edition of Looking for Information is redesigned to reflect the breadth of research across information behaviour studies, with a new streamlined, six-chapter structure, presenting a refreshed look at people’s information needs and seeking practices, while also embracing contemporary concepts such as information use, creation, and embodiment. This edition retains its core purpose by highlighting essential aspects of research on people’s information behaviours, including detailed examples from more than 1200 research publications. The authors present historic works (including those focused on people’s occupations) alongside contemporary research addressing the situations and contexts that shape people’s experiences. Studies using innovative methodological or theoretical approaches, and those reflecting ongoing shifts towards interdisciplinarity are also featured. The authors carefully balance quick access to summaries and highlights, alongside long-form narratives, while retaining the content and focus that readers of Looking for Information have come to expect. Each chapter serves as a stand-alone piece of writing, with its own reference list and Must-Read recommendations, facilitating e-reading and inclusion on course syllabi. All these features will enhance readers’ experiences of this new edition.
Looking for Information: A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs, and Behavior (Studies in Information)
by Jens-Erik Mai Donald O. Case Lisa M. GivenThe 4th edition of this popular and well-cited text is now co-authored, and includes significant changes from earlier texts. Presenting a comprehensive review of over a century of research on information behavior (IB), this book is intended for students in information studies and disciplines interested in research on information activities. The initial two chapters introduce IB as a multi-disciplinary topic, the 3rd provides a brief history of research on information seeking. Chapter four discusses what is meant by the terms "information" and "knowledge. "Chapter five discusses "information needs," and how they are addressed. The 6th chapter identifies many related concepts. Twelve models of information behavior (expanded from earlier editions) are illustrated in chapter seven. Chapter eight reviews various paradigms and theories informing IB research. Chapter nine examines research methods invoked in IB studies and a discussion of qualitative and mixed approaches. The 10th chapter gives examples of IB studies by context. The final chapter looks at strengths and weaknesses, recent trends, and future development.