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Enzyme Immobilization: Advances in Industry, Agriculture, Medicine, and the Environment

This book covers the latest developments in enzyme immobilization with its wide applications, such as for industry, agriculture, medicine, and the environment. Topics covered include basics of enzyme immobilization, its implication in therapeutics and disease diagnostics, and its significance in solving environmental problems. This is an ideal book for researchers, graduate and postgraduate students, as well as scientists in industry, agriculture and health sectors. This book is a complete summary of enzyme immobilization and also thoroughly covers all the latest research.This book covers:The last one-hundred years of innovative research done in enzyme immobilizationRecent developments in immobilization techniques, such as types of matrices, immobilization methods, and linking agents, as well as enzyme immobilization without any matrices and its propertiesThe physiological and industrial significance of enzymes from plants and the implementation of immobilized enzymes in the treatment of waste water and polluted airBiomedical and bioanalytical applications of immobilized enzymes

Enzyme Immunoassays: From Concept to Product Development (pdf)

Enzyme Inactivation in Food Processing: Technologies, Materials, and Applications (Innovations in Agricultural & Biological Engineering)

Enzyme inactivation in fruits and vegetables is of utmost importance regarding food quality during storage. This new volume explores important emerging technologies for the inactivation of enzymes in the design and preservation of food. The book covers the basic concepts and chemical methods and then introduces novel processing technologies for inactivating food enzymes. The new technologies are many: pulsed electric field, ultraviolet and light-emitting diodes, ohmic heating, dense-phased carbon dioxide, cold plasma, ultrasonication, microwave processing, radiofrequency, extraction, and others. The volume also looks at the design of nutraceutical-based functional foods, specific foods for gut-microbiodata, the use of omega-3 fatty acids to fortify food products, and the characteristics of dairy-based dry powders, and characteristics of millet starches. It also considers the role of the bioactive compounds and metal ions for catalases secreted by medicinal plants and mushrooms for enzyme inactivation and biosensing, along with the role of bionanomaterials in nanoencapsulation and catalysis.

Enzyme Inactivation in Food Processing: Technologies, Materials, and Applications (Innovations in Agricultural & Biological Engineering)

Enzyme inactivation in fruits and vegetables is of utmost importance regarding food quality during storage. This new volume explores important emerging technologies for the inactivation of enzymes in the design and preservation of food. The book covers the basic concepts and chemical methods and then introduces novel processing technologies for inactivating food enzymes. The new technologies are many: pulsed electric field, ultraviolet and light-emitting diodes, ohmic heating, dense-phased carbon dioxide, cold plasma, ultrasonication, microwave processing, radiofrequency, extraction, and others. The volume also looks at the design of nutraceutical-based functional foods, specific foods for gut-microbiodata, the use of omega-3 fatty acids to fortify food products, and the characteristics of dairy-based dry powders, and characteristics of millet starches. It also considers the role of the bioactive compounds and metal ions for catalases secreted by medicinal plants and mushrooms for enzyme inactivation and biosensing, along with the role of bionanomaterials in nanoencapsulation and catalysis.

Enzyme Induction (Basic Life Sciences #6)

Our present concepts ofthe regulation of enzyme activity in the cell have been largely based on the extensive body of work which has been carried out with micro-organisms. A distinction between constitutive and adaptive enzymes had already been made well before World War II and work on enzyme adaptation, both in yeast and bacteria, was done by several workers, especially Marjorie Stephenson and her group in Cambridge in the 1930s. In studies starting about 1947 Stanier demonstrated that the oxidation of aromatic compounds by species of Pseudomonas involved the coordinate and sequential induction of a group of enzymes concerned in the orderly catabolism of a substrate which acted as the inducer. The investigations of Umbarger and of Pardee, both in 1956, established the principle, which is now firmly established for almost all anabolic reaction chains, that the first 'committed' step in a biosynthetic pathway is sensitive to feedback control by the final product of the particular reaction sequence. This control can be exercised in two ways. It can either act on the rate of formation of the enzyme or it can affect the activity of the latter without altering the concentration of the enzyme.

Enzyme Induction and Modulation: (pdf) (Developments in Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry #3)

Enzyme Kinetics: Rapid-Equilibrium Applications of Mathematica (Methods of Biochemical Analysis #150)

Rapid-Equilibrium Enzyme Kinetics helps readers emphasize the estimation of kinetic parameters with the minimum number of velocity measurements, thereby reducing the amount of laboratory work necessary, and allowing more time for the consideration of complicated mechanisms. The book systematically progresses through six levels of understanding the enzyme-catalyzed reaction, and includes a CD-ROM so that the reader may use the programs in the book to input their own experimental data.

Enzyme Kinetics: Rapid-Equilibrium Applications of Mathematica (Methods of Biochemical Analysis #147)

Rapid-Equilibrium Enzyme Kinetics helps readers emphasize the estimation of kinetic parameters with the minimum number of velocity measurements, thereby reducing the amount of laboratory work necessary, and allowing more time for the consideration of complicated mechanisms. The book systematically progresses through six levels of understanding the enzyme-catalyzed reaction, and includes a CD-ROM so that the reader may use the programs in the book to input their own experimental data.

Enzyme Kinetics: Principles and Methods

Now in full color for a more intuitive learning experience, this new edition of the long-selling reference also features a number of new developments in methodology and the application of enzyme kinetics. Starting with a description of ligand binding equilibria, the experienced author goes on to discuss simple and complex enzyme reactions in kinetic terms. Special cases such as membrane-bound and immobilized enzymes are considered, as is the influence of external conditions, such as temperature and pH value. The final part of the book then covers a range of widely used measurement methods and compares their performance and scope of application. With its unique mix of theory and practical advice, this is an invaluable aid for teaching as well as for experimental work.

Enzyme Kinetics: Principles and Methods

Now in full color for a more intuitive learning experience, this new edition of the long-selling reference also features a number of new developments in methodology and the application of enzyme kinetics. Starting with a description of ligand binding equilibria, the experienced author goes on to discuss simple and complex enzyme reactions in kinetic terms. Special cases such as membrane-bound and immobilized enzymes are considered, as is the influence of external conditions, such as temperature and pH value. The final part of the book then covers a range of widely used measurement methods and compares their performance and scope of application. With its unique mix of theory and practical advice, this is an invaluable aid for teaching as well as for experimental work.

Enzyme Kinetics: Principles and Methods

This new, expanded and updated edition of the user-friendly and comprehensive treatise on enzyme kinetics expertly balances theory and practice. This is an indispensable aid for advanced students and professionals working with enzymes, whether biochemists, biotechnologists, chemical biologists, pharmacologists or bioengineers in academia, industry and clinical research.

Enzyme Kinetics: The Steady-State Approach (Outline Studies in Biology)

The student of biological science in his final years as an undergraduate and his first years as a graduate is expected to gain some familiarity with current research at the fron tiers of his discipline. New research work is published in a perplexing diversity of publications and is inevitably concerned with the minutiae of the subject. The sheer number of research journals and papers also causes confusion and difficulties of assimilation. Review articles usually presuppose a background knowledge of the field and are inevitably rather restricted in scope. There is thus a need for short but authoritative introductions to those areas of modern biological research which are either not dealt with in standard introductory text­ books or are not dealt with in sufficient detail to enable the student to go on from them to read scholarly reviews with profit. This series of books is designed to satisfy this need. The authors have been asked to produce abrief outline of their subject assuming that their readers will have read and remembered much of a standard introductory textbook of biology.

Enzyme Kinetics: A Modern Approach

Practical Enzyme Kinetics provides a practical how-to guide for beginning students, technicians, and non-specialists for evaluating enzyme kinetics using common software packages to perform easy enzymatic analyses.

Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism

Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism is a comprehensive textbook on steady-state enzyme kinetics. Organized according to the experimental process, the text covers kinetic mechanism, relative rates of steps along the reaction pathway, and chemical mechanism—including acid-base chemistry and transition state structure. Practical examples taken from the literature demonstrate theory throughout. The book also features numerous general experimental protocols and how-to explanations for interpreting kinetic data. Written in clear, accessible language, the book will enable graduate students well-versed in biochemistry to understand and describe data at the fundamental level. Enzymologists and molecular biologists will find the text a useful reference.

Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism

Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism is a comprehensive textbook on steady-state enzyme kinetics. Organized according to the experimental process, the text covers kinetic mechanism, relative rates of steps along the reaction pathway, and chemical mechanism—including acid-base chemistry and transition state structure. Practical examples taken from the literature demonstrate theory throughout. The book also features numerous general experimental protocols and how-to explanations for interpreting kinetic data. Written in clear, accessible language, the book will enable graduate students well-versed in biochemistry to understand and describe data at the fundamental level. Enzymologists and molecular biologists will find the text a useful reference.

Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanisms

Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanisms takes the reader through the experimental techniques and the logic by which the mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed reactions can be elucidated by the results of steady-state kinetics and related experiments. It is meant to make these investigations both satisfying and effective. In distinction to other available descriptions, the descriptions in enzyme Kinetics and Mechanisms are limited to more commonly utilized and useful models and techniques. The logic relating the chemical models to the mathematical models and the logic of relating the mathematical models to data is presented in rather concise text, figures and equations. The development of mathematical models from chemical models is done by a unique algorithm that is both simple and quick, and the same concept are utilized to develop models for the effects of a variety of reaction conditions on the initial velocity. In addition, the various relationships of data, mathematical models and the chemical models is illustrated with examples from the scientific literature.

Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism: Fundamentals and Applications (Methods in Molecular Biology #2342)

This second edition further develops the principles of applying kinetic principles to drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Chapters are divided into six sections detailing fundamental principles of enzyme kinetics, enzyme and transporter structures, highlighting specific oxidative and conjugative drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, modeling approaches for drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, understanding of variability both experimental and interindividual (pharmacogenomic), and expanded case studies that provide real life examples of applying these principles. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, in some cases step-by-step instructions with readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls with extensive cross referencing to assist in learning. Authoritative and fully updated, Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism: Fundamentals and Applications, Second Edition serves as a practical teaching tool for novice and advanced scientists interested in the fundamental concepts.

Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism: Fundamentals and Applications (Methods in Molecular Biology #1113)

Drug metabolism and transport are very important facets within the discipline of pharmaceutical sciences, with enzyme kinetic concepts utilized regularly in characterizing and modeling the disposition and elimination of drugs. Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism: Fundamentals and Applications focuses on very practical aspects of applying kinetic principles to drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Divided into five convenient sections, topics include the fundamental principles of enzyme kinetics, the kinetics of oxidative and conjugative drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, modeling approaches for both drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters including novel systems biology approaches, understanding of variability both experimental and interindividual (pharmacogenomic), and case studies that provide real life examples of applying these principles. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics especially suitable for the novice, in some cases step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and insights to help with troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls with extensive cross referencing to assist in learning.Authoritative and easily accessible, Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism: Fundamentals and Applications serves as a very practical teaching tool for novice, non-mathematically trained scientists interested in these fundamental concepts and as an aid for their supervisors in teaching these principles.

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay: From A to Z (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)

This book offers comprehensive information on all aspects of ELISA, starting with the fundamentals of the immune system. It also reviews the history of analytical assays prior to the advent of ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and addresses the materials of choice for the fabrication of the platforms, possible biomolecular interactions, different protocols, and evaluation parameters. The book guides readers through the respective steps of the analytical assay, while also familiarizing them with the possible sources of error in the assay. It offers detailed insights into the immobilization techniques used for protein attachment, as well as methods for evaluating the assay and calculating the key parameters, such as sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and limit of detection. In addition, the book explores the advantages and shortcomings of the conventional ELISA, as well as various approaches to improving its performance. In this regard, merging and integrating other technologies with widely known ELISAs have opened new avenues for the advancement of this immunoassay. Accordingly, the book provides cutting-edge information on integrated platforms such as ELISpot, plasmonic ELISAs, sphere-/bead-based ELISAs, paper-/fiber-based ELISAs and ELISA in micro-devices.

Enzyme-Mediated Immunoassay

T. T. Ngo and H. M. Lenhoff Department of Developmental and Cell Biology University of California, Irvine, CA 92717 In 1959, Yalow and Berson used insulin labeled with radioactive iodine to develop a quantitative immunological method for determining the amount of insulin in human plasma. Their method depends upon ~ competition between insulin labeled with radioactive iodine (II 1) and unlabeled insulin from plasma for a fixed and limited number of specific binding sites on the antibody to insulin. The amount of the labeled insulin bound to the antibody is inversely proportional to the amount of insulin in the plasma sample. Their method, which is so elegantly simple in concept, is made possible by the ability to detect with ease extremely low levels of radioactivity, and by the exquisite specificity of an antibody capable of specifically binding the analyte. Such a combination of sensitivity and specificity is the basis of this versatile analytical tool called radioimmunoassay (RIA). Twelve years later, Engvall and Perlmann (1971) and Van Weemen and Schuurs (1971) independently introduced the use of enzymes as another category of sensitive and even more versatile labels for use in immunoassays. Engvall and Perlmann (l971) coined the term ELISA, which stands for Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay.

Enzyme-Mediated Ligation Methods (Methods in Molecular Biology #2012)

This volume discusses different enzyme-catalyzed ligation methodologies for a variety of different chemical transformations. This book wants readers to view enzymes as a powerful tool in both academic and industrial research. Chapters in this book cover topics such as sortase A-mediated generation of site-specifically conjugated antibody-drug conjugates; omniligase-catalyzed inter- and intramolecular ligation; ligation catalyzed by microbial transglutaminase; peptide cyclization mediated by cyanobactin macrocyclases, butelase 1 and sortase A; using BioID as a tool for protein proximity labeling in living cells; and inducible, selective labeling of proteins via enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and thorough, Enzyme-Mediated Ligation Methods is a valuable resource for students and scientists from different disciplines who are interested in using enzymatic strategies to answer their research questions.

Enzyme Nanocarriers

Enzyme immobilization on solid supports has been considered for a long time as an attractive solution to perform sophisticated organic synthesis, which is required in the preparation of fine pharmaceutical chemicals. But in the late 1990s, the tremendous progress in molecular biology fundamentals opened up the possibility of feeding a toolbox for b

Enzyme Physics

This book treats a new, far-from-fully-developed area of molecular biophysics-enzyme physics. An attempt is made to survey this field, but primary consideration is given tothreeprob­ lems under investigation in the Polymer Structure Labaratory of the Institue of High-Molecular Compounds, Academy of Seiences ofthe USSR. The first problern is the genetic coding of the biologically fun.ctional structure of proteins. Its solution is based on physical theories of hydrophobic interactions. The second problern is the conformational properties of pro­ teins as the factor governing enzyme activity. The most direct methods for experimental investigation of questions in this area are optical, principally those involving natural and magnetic rota­ tion of the plane of polarization. A substantial portion of the book concerns optical activity; the Faraday effect is discussed in an appendix. The third problern is the manifestation of the cooperative properties of enzymes in the kinetics of enzymatic reactions and the solution of complex kinetic problems. This problern is espe­ cially pressing in connection with research on allosteric enzymes, which are responsible for feedback in metabolic processes. An appendix describes a new method for solving kinetic problems, based on the theory of graphs. This volume extends and details certain of the ideas ex­ pressed in my previous book, Molecules and Life: An Introduction to Molecular Biophysics, which was published in this series in 1965.

Enzyme-Prodrug Strategies for Cancer Therapy

Antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) directly addresses the major problem in cancer chemotherapy-its lack of selectivity. Antibody delivery combined with the amplification provided by the enzymatic activation of prodrugs enables selection to be made between tumour and normal tissue. ADEPT offers a novel field of opportunities in the therapy of systemic cancer and may be a major advance for the treatment of solid tumours. This book is the first to describe ADEPT in detail. Each chapter reviews an aspect of the immunology, enzymology, biochemistry, chemistry, and cancer chemotherapy which have been integrated into the ADEPT concept. An additional chapter describes the related approach of gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT). This latter approach is still in its infancy but ADEPT has entered the clinic. The initial clinical studies with ADEPT are included and discussed in detail.

Enzyme Regulation in Metabolic Pathways

Enzyme Regulation in Metabolic Pathways shows the reader how to understand the roles of enzymes and their kinetic constants in intermediary metabolism. It provides a means of correlating data obtained in experimental studies to multiple possible mechanisms through which some enzyme may catalyze the conversion of a substrate to a product. Although not the most appropriate means of determining some potential kinetic mechanism, quasi-equilibrium assumptions are used throughout the book, keeping the rate equation derivations simple. Actual metabolic pathways with known (presumed) positive and negative regulation events are linked to these potential kinetic mechanisms using both rate equation derivations and data plots illustrating how the rate equation derivations can be used to explain the data plots. This book will be a valuable reference for students in biological sciences and biochemistry majors required to take a core course in enzymology.