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The Enzymology of the Cell Surface Tension at the Cell Surface (Protoplasmatologia Cell Biology Monographs #2 / E / 4,5)

obvious properties, its structure, composition, electrical properties, me­ chanical properties, and most particularly, its permeability properties. None of these properties are obviously associated with surface enzymes. What are the functions of the cell surface that may require the presence of enzymes? From a purely hypothetical point of view, the cellular activities in which cell surface enzymes are potentially functional can be divided into two categories; first, those activities related to the production and maintenance of the cell surface structure itself, and second, those activities which are concerned with interactions between the cell and its environment. During growth of a cell, as it enlarges, new structural ma­ terial must be synthesized and assembled in the cell membrane. Although it is conceivable that new structural material is synthesized in the interior of the cell, it is difficult to visualize its complete synthesis and final assembly in the periphery of the cell, without the assistance of enzymes at the site. In the case of non-growing cells, although no net synthesis of new structural material is necessary, the turnover of the various components by a continuous degradation and resynthesis must be considered as a pos­ sibility.

Enzymtechnologie (Springer-Lehrbuch)

Die Entwicklung der Immobilisierungstechniken für Enzyme seit den 50er Jahren hat zu einem Boom bei der industriellen Anwendung von Enzymen geführt und hat an Wissenschaftler mit verschiedenstem akademischen Hintergrund die Anforderung gestellt, in der Enzymtechnologie zu arbeiten. Dieses Buch wendet sich an Studenten sowie in der Industrie tätige Wissenschaftler, die aus den Fachbereichen Chemieingenieurwesen, Chemie, Biochemie, Mikrobiologie/Biologie, Technische Biologie sowie Biotechnologie kommen und ein allgemeines Interesse an Enzymen haben. Es bringt dem Ingenieur die Feinheiten der Enzyme sowie das Potential der Techniken in der Molekulargenetik nahe, mit denen diese Katalysatoren für spezifische Anwendungen geschneidert werden können. Für jene mit einem chemisch/biochemischen oder biologischen Hintergrund werden in diesem Buch vor allem die biochemisch-technischen Beschreibungen, wie kinetische Eigenschaften und Reaktorkonstruktion, von Nutzen sein.

Eocene Biodiversity: Unusual Occurrences and Rarely Sampled Habitats (Topics in Geobiology #18)

Initially, this work was designed to document and study the diversification of modern mammalian groups and was quite successful and satisfying. However, as field and laboratory work continued, there began to develop a suspicion that not all of the Eocene story was being told. It became apparent that most fossil samples, especially those from the American West, were derived from similar preservational circumstances and similar depositional settings. A program was initiated to look for other potential sources of fossil samples, either from non-traditional lithologies or from geographic areas that were not typically sampled. As this program of research grew it began to demonstrate that different lithologies and different geographic areas told different stories from those that had been developed based on more typical faunal assemblages. This book is conceived as an introduction to non-traditional Eocene fossils samples, and as a place to document and discuss features of these fossil assemblages that are rare or that come from rarely represented habitats.

Eocene-Oligocene Climatic and Biotic Evolution

The transition from the Eocene to the Oligocene epochs was the most significant event in earth history since the extinction of dinosaurs. As the first Antarctic ice sheets appeared, major extinctions and faunal turnovers took place on the land and in the sea, eliminating forms adapted to a tropical world and replacing them with the ancestors of most of our modern animal and plant life. Through a detailed study of climatic conditions and of organisms buried in Eocene-Oligocene sediments, this volume shows that the separation of Antarctica from Australia was a critical factor in changing oceanic circulation and ultimately world climate. In this book forty-eight leading scientists examine the full range of Eocene and Oligocene phenomena. Their articles cover nearly every major group of organisms in the ocean and on land and include evidence from paleontology, stable isotopes, sedimentology, seismology, and computer climatic modeling. The volume concludes with an update of the geochronologic framework of the late Paleogene.Originally published in 1992.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Eosinophils: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2241)

This second edition of Eosinophils: Methods and Protocols updates several techniques from the first edition together with novel in vitro and in vivo-based methodologies. Written by internationally recognized expert authorities, this volume provides vital techniques from eosinophil purification to experimental modelling, with each technique spelled out in clear and straightforward terms, assuming no previous knowledge of the method and without necessitating sourcing additional information elsewhere. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the essential materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, with tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Eosinophils: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition provides the practical means to extend our knowledge of eosinophil function in health and disease, underpinning research that may in turn lead to new hypotheses for future examinations into the role of this intriguing and enigmatic leukocyte.

Eozänkorallen aus Österreich (Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften)

EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) publishes several series of documents that provide up-to-date information about environmental site assessment and remediation. The EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook includes papers and bulletins that focus on remediation of soil and groundwater, making them available in a convenient form.This book compiles thirty-five documents- written by recognized leaders - on major methods and promising new techniques for hazardous waste treatment and site remediation. Each chapter evaluates the type of contaminant and site characteristics needed to select a technology for use at hazardous waste sites.The EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook presents EPA documents in an easy-to-use, concise format. It contains numerous graphs, charts and figures that make it an important resource for those involved in environmental protection, site remediation, and site assessment. FeaturesContains chapters written by recognized leadersExamines major methods as well as assesses new techniques for hazardous waste treatment and site remediationPresents information in an easy-to-use, concise formatEvaluates each type of contaminant and site characteristics for selecting technology at hazardous waste sites

EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) publishes several series of documents that provide up-to-date information about environmental site assessment and remediation. The EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook includes papers and bulletins that focus on remediation of soil and groundwater, making them available in a convenient form.This book compiles thirty-five documents- written by recognized leaders - on major methods and promising new techniques for hazardous waste treatment and site remediation. Each chapter evaluates the type of contaminant and site characteristics needed to select a technology for use at hazardous waste sites.The EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook presents EPA documents in an easy-to-use, concise format. It contains numerous graphs, charts and figures that make it an important resource for those involved in environmental protection, site remediation, and site assessment. FeaturesContains chapters written by recognized leadersExamines major methods as well as assesses new techniques for hazardous waste treatment and site remediationPresents information in an easy-to-use, concise formatEvaluates each type of contaminant and site characteristics for selecting technology at hazardous waste sites

EPFL Lectures on Conformal Field Theory in D ≥ 3 Dimensions (SpringerBriefs in Physics)

This primer develops Conformal Field Theory (CFT) from scratch, whereby CFT is viewed as any conformally-invariant theory that describes a fixed point of a renormalization group flow in quantum field theory.The book is divided into four lectures: Lecture 1 addresses the physical foundations of conformal invariance, while Lecture 2 examines the constraints imposed by conformal symmetry on the correlation functions of local operators, presented using the so-called projective null cone – a procedure also known as the embedding formalism. In turn, Lecture 3 focuses on the radial quantization and the operator product expansion, while Lecture 4 offers a very brief introduction to the conformal bootstrap. Derived from course-based notes, these lectures are intended as a first point of entry to this topic for Master and PhD students alike.

Ephemeridenrechnung Schritt für Schritt: Sonnenaufgang und Co. bestimmen leicht gemacht

Das vorliegende Buch vermittelt die Grundkenntnisse der Ephemeridenrechnung. Ausgehend von den Kepler’schen Gesetzen erfolgt die Berechnung der Koordinaten der Planeten in der Bahnebene. Über eine Anzahl von Transformationen ermittelt man die Koordinaten im Horizontsystem und erhält damit die Winkel, die an einem Teleskop einzustellen sind, um einen bestimmten Planeten zu sehen. Dabei werden das Zweikörper- oder Kepler-Problem und die Berechnung weiterer Parameter, wie die Bahngeschwindigkeit und der Abstand der Planeten von der Sonne, geschlossen hergeleitet, ausführlich erklärt und am Beispiel einzelner Planeten vorgerechnet. Ergänzend dazu, und über das Zweikörperproblem hinausgehend, wird die Berechnung der Mondposition erläutert.Außerdem werden die wichtigsten Einflüsse auf die Planetenbahnen, die im Rahmen der Berechnung als Zweikörperproblem nicht berücksichtigt wurden, erklärt und deren Wirkung auf die Planeten abgeschätzt. Zum besseren Verständnis ist eine Reihe von Beispielen beschrieben und vorgerechnet, bei denen die erworbenen Kenntnisse angewendet werden.Das Buch wendet sich an Studierende der Naturwissenschaften, Physik, Astronomie und an Amateurastronomen sowie naturwissenschaftlich Interessierte, die schon immer einmal erfahren wollten, woher man denn weiß, wann die Sonne aufgeht..

Epiblast Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1074)

In Epiblast Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols, expect researchers in the field provide a detailed collection of techniques and protocols useful to the study of the biology of the pluripotent epiblast. These include methods and techniques used to study epiblast development in different amniotes. This collection brings together contributions from the fields of embryology, stem cell biology and developmental biology together, providing a single volume with detailed procedures for the isolation and culture of epiblasts at different stages of development, and techniques for the study of differentiation into specific lineages. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, a complete list of the necessary materials and reagents, detailed laboratory protocols, and extensive notes providing suggestions on troubleshooting and how to overcome common difficulties. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Epiblast Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols serves as a resource to individuals interested in studying the biology of pluripotent cells.

Epiblast Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2490)

This book aims to deliver the most up-to-date protocols in using epiblast stem cells (EpiSC) to answer critical questions on mammalian development. Beginning with a section on the spectrum of mouse primed pluripotent stem cells, the volume continues with chapters on toolkits to characterize and study primed stem cells, as well as primed stem cells to engineer gastrulation models. Written for the highly successful Method in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Epiblast Stem Cells: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide to overcome the reproducibility problem by gathering detailed state-of-the-art protocols to perform comprehensive analyses, enabling the reader to opt for the appropriate cell type to model the epiblast.

The Epic History of Biology

The search for our elusive human origins and an understanding of the mysteries of the human body have challenged the most inquisitive and imaginative thinkers from Egyptian times through the twentieth century. In The Epic History of Biology, Anthony Serafini - a distinguished philosopher and historian of science - regales the reader with the triumphs and failures of the geniuses of the life sciences. The subtleties of the animal kingdom - anatomy, zoology, and reproduction - along with the complexities of the plant kingdom, have fascinated humanity as far back as 5000 years ago. Astounding ancient knowledge of the arcane curing powers of herbs as well as early experimentation with different chemical combinations for such purposes as mummification led to today's biological technology. Innovative pioneers such as Aristotle, Galen, Hippocrates, and Vesalius challenged the limits of knowledge and single-mindedly pursued their work, often in the face of blind superstition. In superb, lyrical prose Serafini recreates the ideas and theories of these revolutionaries from ancient times through today, against the backdrop of the dogma and prejudices of their time. He explores the inspired revelations that gave birth to such discoveries as the controversial theory of evolution, the humble origins of genetics, the fantastic predictions of quantum mechanics, and the infinite promise of computer technology. Even today the biological sciences are undergoing rapid and kaleidoscopic changes. Every new insight gives rise to a myriad of new ethical questions and responsibilities. The Epic History of Biology confronts these issues head on and predicts the wondrous new directions biology will follow.

Epidemics and Society: From the Black Death to the Present (The Open Yale Courses Series)

A wide-ranging study that illuminates the connection between epidemic diseases and societal change, from the Black Death to Ebola This sweeping exploration of the impact of epidemic diseases looks at how mass infectious outbreaks have shaped society, from the Black Death to today. In a clear and accessible style, Frank M. Snowden reveals the ways that diseases have not only influenced medical science and public health, but also transformed the arts, religion, intellectual history, and warfare. A multidisciplinary and comparative investigation of the medical and social history of the major epidemics, this volume touches on themes such as the evolution of medical therapy, plague literature, poverty, the environment, and mass hysteria. In addition to providing historical perspective on diseases such as smallpox, cholera, and tuberculosis, Snowden examines the fallout from recent epidemics such as HIV/AIDS, SARS, and Ebola and the question of the world’s preparedness for the next generation of diseases.

Epidemics of Plant Diseases: Mathematical Analysis and Modeling (Ecological Studies #13)

In this volume experts present the latest status of mathematical and statistical methods in use for the analysis and modeling of plant disease epidemics. Topics treated are - methods in multivariate analyses, ordination and classification, - modeling of temporal and spatial aspects of air- and soilborne diseases, - methods to analyse and describe competition among subpopulations, e.g. pathogen races and - their interaction with resistance genes of host plants - assemblage and use of models - mathematical simulation of epidemics. New chapters on the modeling of the spreading of diseases in air and in soil are included in this second edition.

Epidemien und Pandemien in historischer Perspektive: Epidemics and Pandemics in Historical Perspective (Edition Centaurus – Neuere Medizin- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte)

Im Zentrum dieses Sammelbandes stehen neue Forschungsergebnisse interdisziplinärer Autorinnen und Autoren aus sieben Ländern zum Thema Seuchen. Seuchen verbreiten zunächst Unsicherheiten, so dass historische Beispiele und Denkweisen herangezogen werden, um Gefahren zu erkennen und Gegenmaßnahmen zu treffen. Solche Traditionen lassen sich über Jahrhunderte zurück verfolgen. So werden in diesem Band die Rekonstruktion von Fakten in Zeit und Raum (global vs. local) sowie die Einflüsse auf das Kulturleben (cultural impact) und die der Wissenschaftsgeschichte (Science studies) analysiert. Einführend und abschließend werden Forschungsstand und -perspektiven zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin diskutiert.

Epidemiological and Molecular Aspects on Cholera (Infectious Disease)

Though cholera is an ancient disease, its perennial occurrence in several parts of the world has attracted many researches to find ways and means to combat the disease. The prevailing seventh pandemic cholera is dominating since 1961, but the dimension of the disease has taken several silhouettes, as the genetic structure and functions of the Vibrio cholerae has changed to a great extent. Several recent studies have shown that transformation of the pathogen at the molecular level has ameliorated several cholera outbreaks and epidemics of with successive new clones of V. cholerae. This comprehensive compilation, written by eminent international researchers reviews the epidemiology of cholera in Africa, Asia, Russia and Latin Americas. The other chapters contributed by acclaimed authors cover various aspects on evolution, polysaccaharide biosynthesis, SXT element, integrons, small molecule signalling systems, flagellar synthesis, filamentous phages, pathogenic role of proteases and hemolysin, and other putative virulence factors. In addition, ecology of V. cholerae and management of cholera were also discussed in detail. This book will be good source of information to all researchers with interests in infectious diseases, microbiology and molecular biology.

Epidemiological Practices in Research on Small Effects

Epidemiology faces its limits: the search for subtle links between diet, lifestyle, or environmental factors and disease is an unending source of fear - but often yields little certainty. Studies on weak associations - or small effects - often produce contradictory results which confuse the public. In this book, numerous contributions and illustrated examples show the effects of this problem, and sets out how future research should be approached in order to minimize the problems, thus producing clear results of significance.

Epidemiological Research: Terms and Concepts

The book is organized so as to address in separate sections first the preparatory topics of medicine (clinical and epidemiological), science in general, and statistics (mathematical); then topics of epidemiological research proper; and, finally, topics of ‘meta-epidemiological’ clinical research. In those two main sections, a further grouping is based on the distraction between objects and methods of study. In this framework, the particular topics are addressed both descriptively and quasi-prescriptively, commonly with a number of explicatory annotations.This book is intended to serve as a handbook for whomever is, in whatever way, concerned with epidemiological or ‘meta-epidemiological’ clinical research. But besides this, it is also intended to serve as a textbook for students in introductory courses on ‘epidemiological’ research – to which end there is a suggested hierarchy of the concepts that might reasonably be covered.

Epidemiologische Methoden

Ziel dieses Buches ist es, die für epidemiologische Studien notwendigen methodischen Kenntnisse zu vermitteln. Dazu werden die Konzepte der Konstruktion und Gewinnung epidemiologischer Maßzahlen, die wichtigsten Erhebungsmethoden, die Bewertung und Korrektur von Fehlerquellen sowie die grundlegenden Auswertungsmethoden beschrieben. Die statistischen Methoden werden in einem eigenen Anhang beschrieben. In der 5. Auflage wurden das Autorenteam erweitert und der Text umfangreichen Erweiterungen unterzogen. Enthalten sind eine Vielzahl von praktischen Beispielen.

Epidemiologische Untersuchung über die Häufigkeit der bakteriellen Niereninfektion in der Bevölkerung (Forschungsberichte des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen #3007)

Epidemiology: Key to Prevention (Statistics for Biology and Health)

This book is meant for adoption in first courses on epidemiology in Medical Schools and Faculties of Public Health in developing and transition countries and in workshops in these countries, taught for example by members of international organizations. It is also suitable for parallel or second reading within curricula in developed countries and for teaching epidemiology in a Master’s programme on “International Health”. The book will enable any lecturer to compose his or her introductory courses on epidemiology by selecting the material deemed appropriate. It will provide a solid foundation for more advanced teaching.The intended readership consists in the first place of general medical students; students following the programme “Preventive Physician” that runs parallel to general medical studies in some countries; students starting to specialize in Public Health; and lecturers in epidemiology. The book can also serve well as an introduction into epidemiology for anybody else interested in this field, for example staff of health institutions.Examples and practical work are taken from the present situation of health in Vietnam, which can easily be adapted to any other developing or transition country.

Epidemiology: Key to Public Health (Statistics for Biology and Health)

​This unique textbook presents the field of modern epidemiology as a whole; it does not restrict itself to particular aspects. It stresses the fundamental ideas and their role in any situation of epidemiologic practice. Its structure is largely determined by didactic viewpoints.Epidemiology is the art of defining and investigating the influence of factors on the health of populations. Hence the book starts by sketching the role of epidemiology in public health. It then treats the epidemiology of many particular diseases; mathematical modelling of epidemics and immunity; health information systems; statistical methods and sample surveys; clinical epidemiology including clinical trials; nutritional, environmental, social, and genetic epidemiology; and the habitual tools of epidemiologic studies. The book also reexamines the basic difference between the epidemiology of infectious diseases and that of non-infectious ones.The organization of the topics by didactic aspects makes the book ideal for teaching. All examples and case studies are situated in a single country, namely Vietnam; this provides a particularly vivid picture of the role of epidemiology in shaping the health of a population. It can easily be adapted to other developing or transitioning countries.This volume is well suited for courses on epidemiology and public health at the upper undergraduate and graduate levels, while its specific examples make it appropriate for those who teach these fields in developing or emerging countries. New to this edition, in addition to minor revisions of almost all chapters:• Updated data about infectious and non-infectious diseases• An expanded discussion of genetic epidemiology• A new chapter, based on recent research of the authors, on how to build a coherent system of Public Health by using the insights provided by this volume.

Epidemiology and Biostatistics: An Introduction to Clinical Research

This is a concise introduction to epidemiology and biostatistics written specifically for medical students and first-time learners of clinical research methods. It presents the core concepts of epidemiology and of biostatistics and illustrates them with extensive examples from the clinical literature. It is the only book on the market written to speak directly to medical students and first-time biomedical researchers by using language and examples that are easy to understand. This newly updated second edition is extensively rewritten to provide the clearest explanations and examples. There is also a sister-text, a 150-problem workbook of practice problems that can be purchased alongside this textbook. The author continues to provide a text that is attractively fast-paced and concise for use in condensed courses, such as those taught in medical school. The book is an excellent review for the epidemiology section of the United States Medical Licensing Examination Part I which all medical students must take at the end of the second year.

Epidemiology and Biostatistics: Practice Problem Workbook

This workbook is designed to teach the major fundamental concepts in Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and clinical research design alongside the textbook "Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2nd Edition". It is written in concise and organized fashion with many examples to illustrate the concepts deriving from a collection of written materials created to teach Epidemiology and Biostatistics to medical students. The major differences from related titles include a “story” based approach toward teaching the material, relative brevity while maintaining focus on key concepts, and taking the perspective of first-time learners (avoiding and/or clearly defining jargon, using clear common-sense language). It features a variety of questions: long, short, and multiple choice questions. The workbook is made to provide students with the tools necessary to form their own informed conclusions from the clinical research literature.