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Cooperatives and the World of Work
by Bruno Roelants Hyungsik Eum Simel Esim Sonja Novkovic Waltteri KatajamäkiAs the world of work and jobs is more uncertain than ever because of various trends impacting it, including the rise of robotics and the gig economy, Cooperatives and the World of Work furthers the debate on the future of work, sustainable development, and the social and solidarity economy of which cooperatives are a fundamental component. Throughout the book, the authors, who are experts in their respective fields, do not limit themselves to praising the advantages of the cooperative model. Rather, they challenge the narrow understanding of cooperatives as a mere business model and raise debate on the more fundamental role that cooperatives play in responding to social changes and in changing society itself. The book is unique in tracing the historical connection between cooperatives and the world of work since the end of the First World War and the recent shifts and restructuring in enterprise and the workplace. It presents a redefinition of the very concept of work, focusing on organizational innovation. This book is published in recognition of 100 years of the International Labour Organization, and gathers together research from leading experts who were brought together at an event co-hosted by the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA) and the International Labour Organization (ILO).
Coordinating User Interfaces for Consistency (Interactive Technologies)
by Jakob NielsenIn the years since Jakob Nielsen's classic collection on interface consistency first appeared, much has changed, and much has stayed the same. On the one hand, there's been exponential growth in the opportunities for following or disregarding the principles of interface consistency-more computers, more applications, more users, and of course the vast expanse of the Web. On the other, there are the principles themselves, as persistent and as valuable as ever. In these contributed chapters, you'll find details on many methods for seeking and enforcing consistency, along with bottom-line analyses of its benefits and some warnings about its possible dangers. Most of what you'll learn applies equally to hardware and software development, and all of it holds real benefits for both your organization and your users.Begins with a new preface by the collection's distinguished editorDetails a variety of methods for attaining interface consistency, including central control, user definitions, exemplary applications, shared code, and model analysisPresents a cost-benefits analysis of organizational efforts to promote and achieve consistencyExamines and appraises the dimensions of consistency-consistency within an application, across a family of applications, and beyondMakes the case for some unexpected benefits of interface consistency while helping you avoid the risks it can sometimes entailConsiders the consistency of interface elements other than screen designIncludes case studies of major corporations that have instituted programs to ensure the consistency of their products
Coordination, Cooperation, and Control: The Evolution of Economic and Political Power
by Randall G. HolcombeThere are two ways people coordinate their actions: through cooperation, exercised by economic power, and through control, exercised by political power. When economic and political power are held by the same people, the result is stagnation; when those who hold economic power are not the same people who hold political power, the result is progress. This book presents the ways in which economic power and political power can be separated, and how they can remain so, by analyzing the nature of power and the differences between economic and political power. The book then discusses the history of economic and political power, including hunter-gatherer societies, agrarian societies, and modern commercial and industrial societies. This background lends insight into why political and economic power were typically held by the same people, and why recently those without political power have been able to acquire economic power. Incentives play a key role in understanding how those two types of power can become separated, and why there is always a tendency for them to recombine. But ideas also play a crucial role, including the influence of the Enlightenment, on the progress that has occurred in the last several hundred years.
Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems VI: COIN 2010 International Workshops, COIN@AAMAS 2010, Toronto, Canada, May 2010, COIN@MALLOW 2010, Lyon, France, August 2010, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #6541)
by Marina De Vos Nicoletta Fornara Jeremy V. Pitt George VourosThis book constitutes the thoroughly reviewed joint postprocessings of two international workshops on Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Agent Systems, COIN@AAMAS 2010, held in Toronto, Canada in May 2010 and COIN@MALLOW 2010, held in Lyon, France in August 2010. The 20 revised full papers presented went through several rounds of reviewing and revision and were carefully selected for presentations. The papers are organized in topical sections on normative systems design and modeling; social aspects; and norms at runtime: learning and enforcing.
Coordination, Organizations, Instiutions, and Norms in Agent System VII: COIN 2011 International Workshops, COIN@AAMAS, Taipei, Taiwan, May 2011, COIN@WI-IAT, Lyon, France, August 2011, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #7254)
by Stephen Cranefield M. Birna Van Riemsdijk Javier Vazquez-Salceda Pablo NoriegaThis book constitutes the thoroughly reviewed joint post-conference proceedings of two international workshops on Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Agent Systems, COIN@AAMAS 2011, held in Taipei, Taiwan in May 2011 and COIN@WI-IAT 2011, held in Lyon, France in August 2011. The 12 revised full papers presented were carefully selected for presentations. The papers are organized in topical sections on agent coordination, norm-aware agent reasoning, as well as norm creation and enforcement.
Cop in the Hood: My Year Policing Baltimore's Eastern District
by Peter MoskosWhen Harvard-trained sociologist Peter Moskos left the classroom to become a cop in Baltimore's Eastern District, he was thrust deep into police culture and the ways of the street--the nerve-rattling patrols, the thriving drug corners, and a world of poverty and violence that outsiders never see. In Cop in the Hood, Moskos reveals the truths he learned on the midnight shift. Through Moskos's eyes, we see police academy graduates unprepared for the realities of the street, success measured by number of arrests, and the ultimate failure of the war on drugs. In addition to telling an explosive insider's story of what it is really like to be a police officer, he makes a passionate argument for drug legalization as the only realistic way to end drug violence--and let cops once again protect and serve. In a new afterword, Moskos describes the many benefits of foot patrol--or, as he calls it, "policing green."
Cop in the Hood: My Year Policing Baltimore's Eastern District (PDF)
by Peter MoskosWhen Harvard-trained sociologist Peter Moskos left the classroom to become a cop in Baltimore's Eastern District, he was thrust deep into police culture and the ways of the street--the nerve-rattling patrols, the thriving drug corners, and a world of poverty and violence that outsiders never see. In Cop in the Hood, Moskos reveals the truths he learned on the midnight shift. Through Moskos's eyes, we see police academy graduates unprepared for the realities of the street, success measured by number of arrests, and the ultimate failure of the war on drugs. In addition to telling an explosive insider's story of what it is really like to be a police officer, he makes a passionate argument for drug legalization as the only realistic way to end drug violence--and let cops once again protect and serve. In a new afterword, Moskos describes the many benefits of foot patrol--or, as he calls it, "policing green."
Cope with Change at Work: Teach Yourself Ebook (Teach Yourself)
by Sue StockdaleIn these turbulent economic times it seems that change is now, ironically, the only constant. If you have found that your job has changed (or been lost) in ways that you cannot control, then this is the book for you. Whether it's your manager, your job, your employment status, your working style, or your industry that's changing, this book is full of practical tips. And it's not written just for managers either - this book is written for people who are going through change, rather than those who are trying to implement it.
Copenhagenize: The Definitive Guide to Global Bicycle Urbanism
by Mikael Colville-AndersenThe bicycle enjoyed a starring role in urban history over a century ago, but now it is back, stronger than ever. It is the single most important tool for improving our cities. Designing around it is the most efficient way to make our cities life-sized—to scale cities for humans. It is time to cement the bicycle firmly in the urban narrative in US and global cities. Enter urban designer Mikael Colville-Andersen. He has worked for dozens of global cities on bicycle planning, strategy, infrastructure design, and communication. He is known around the world for his colorful personality and enthusiasm for the role of bike in urban design. In Copenhagenize, he shows cities how to effectively and profitably re-establish the bicycle as a respected, accepted, and feasible form of transportation. Building on his popular blog of the same name, Copenhagenize offers vivid project descriptions, engaging stories, and best practices, alongside beautiful and informative visuals to show how to make the bicycle an easy, preferred part of everyday urban life. Copenhagenize will serve as inspiration for everyone working to get the bicycle back into our cities. It will give planners and designers the ammunition to push back against the Automobile Age and convince the skeptics of the value of the life-sized city. This is not a guide on how to become Copenhagen, but how to learn from the successes and failures (yes, failures) of Copenhagen and other cities around the world that are striving to become more livable. We need to act in order to save our cities—and us—from ourselves. Copenhagenize shows the path forward.
Coping: A Philosophical Guide
by Luc BovensCoping and Philosophy is a collection of philosophical essays on how we deal with life’s challenges. We hope for better times, but what is hope and is it a good thing to hope? How do we look back and make sense of our lives in the face of death? What is the nature of love and how do we deal with its hardships? What makes for a genuine apology and is there too much or too little apologizing in this world? Can we effect changes in ourselves to adapt to our circumstances? And how can we sense of all the counsel that people have: be grateful, don’t cry over spilled milk, eat well, … This volume is a perfect companion text for courses such as Philosophy of Life, The Meaning of Life, or for a moral psychology component in an Ethics course. The material is written for readers who are new to philosophy and progresses in short blog-style sections. It draws on literature, music, podcasts, and news items. Each chapter has a set of questions for discussion or essay writing and suggestions for material to explore the topic further.
Coping and Pulling Through: Action Processes in Vulnerable Situations (Routledge Revivals)
by Vivianne ChâtelOriginally published in 2004. Exclusion is a popular area of sociological research, with much analysis pointing towards survival practices and inclusion mechanisms as ways to cope with and confront exclusion. However, the question of what it means to act and how it is possible to do so from a vulnerable situation has yet to be properly addressed. This resourceful volume takes on this challenge, examining how to react and the measures to employ in instances of material and symbolic deprivation. It analyzes whether alliances can be formed and their potential benefit, and discusses which supports are available despite structural inequality and no opportunity for reciprocation. Drawing together illustrative case studies from across Europe, the contributors consider in depth how a community or individual can take support from a spoiled identity and transform both it and the physical situation. This illuminating volume also includes discussions of living without support, security of living conditions and dignity, claims for citizenship, collective action, continuity and survival. It proposes an innovative and groundbreaking theory for 'weak' action.
Coping and Pulling Through: Action Processes in Vulnerable Situations (Routledge Revivals)
by Vivianne ChâtelOriginally published in 2004. Exclusion is a popular area of sociological research, with much analysis pointing towards survival practices and inclusion mechanisms as ways to cope with and confront exclusion. However, the question of what it means to act and how it is possible to do so from a vulnerable situation has yet to be properly addressed. This resourceful volume takes on this challenge, examining how to react and the measures to employ in instances of material and symbolic deprivation. It analyzes whether alliances can be formed and their potential benefit, and discusses which supports are available despite structural inequality and no opportunity for reciprocation. Drawing together illustrative case studies from across Europe, the contributors consider in depth how a community or individual can take support from a spoiled identity and transform both it and the physical situation. This illuminating volume also includes discussions of living without support, security of living conditions and dignity, claims for citizenship, collective action, continuity and survival. It proposes an innovative and groundbreaking theory for 'weak' action.
Coping and Suicide amongst the Lads: Expectations of Masculinity in Post-Traditional Ireland (Global Masculinities)
by F. GarciaFor every female suicide in Ireland, there are five male suicides. This book is based on fieldwork done in and around Cork, Ireland between 2008 and 2012 among some forty young lads, aged 18-34. This anthropological approach aims to help explain why some groups in a specific society or community are more prone to commit suicide than others. In addition to suicide, this book focuses extensively on related issues such as alcohol, drug abuse, and other self-destructive behaviors prominent within Irish lad culture. This includes peer pressures and loyalties, chauvinistic jargon, homophobic bullying, humor, and the culture of mocking so as to grasp the cultural expectations of this particular form of masculinity. The everyday workings of gender segregation and gender-appropriateness is examined in detail by informants while addressing the underlying question whether increased gender equality—which includes men—could lessen young men's vulnerability to self-destructive behaviors and suicide in Ireland.
Coping Rituals in Fearful Times: An Unexplored Resource for Healing Trauma
by Jeltje Gordon-LennoxThis collection of articles reveals ritual to be a unique and powerful asset in healing trauma and broken relationships. Each contribution offers insights on how, in the face of uncertainty, threat and dislocation, human beings feel compelled to 'do something’, usually with or for others, to alleviate their anxiety, fears and sense of powerlessness. The editor and authors demonstrate how the imaginative processes at the heart of ritualmaking contribute to self- and group regulation by healing and mitigating the negative impact of trauma on individuals, collective groups, and even global systems. The authors are a group of remarkable scholars, researchers and practitioners who represent a diverse range of disciplines and subfields, including archaeology, Chinese studies, digital culture, ecological science, philosophy, psychology, psychotherapy, the politics of memory and the preservation of cultural heritage in wartime, ritual anthropology, social research, physics, research on traumatic stress, and peace studies. Students and researchers across the social and behavioural sciences will find this volume useful.
Coping with Adversity: Regional Economic Resilience and Public Policy
by Harold Wolman Howard Wial Travis St. Clair Edward HillCoping with Adversity addresses the question of why some metropolitan-area regional economies are resilient in the face of economic shocks and chronic distress while others are not. It is particularly concerned with what public policies make a difference in whether a region is resilient. The authors employ a wide range of techniques to examine the experience of all metropolitan area economies from 1978–2014. They then look closely at six American metropolitan areas to determine what strategies were employed, which of these contributed to regional economic resilience, and which did not. Charlotte, North Carolina, Seattle, Washington, and Grand Forks, North Dakota, are cases of economic resilience, while Cleveland, Ohio, Hartford, Connecticut, and Detroit, Michigan, are cases of economic nonresilience. The six case studies include hard data on employment, production, and demographics, as well as material on public policies and actions. The authors conclude that there is little that can done in the short term to counter economic shocks; most regions simply rebound naturally after a relatively short period of time. However, they do find that many regions have successfully emerged from periods of prolonged economic distress and that there are policies that can be applied to help them do so. Coping with Adversity will be important reading for all those concerned with local and regional economic development, including public officials, urban planners, and economic developers.
Coping with Changing Environments: Social Dimensions of Endangered Ecosystems in the Developing World (Routledge Revivals)
by Beate Lohnert and Helmut GeistFirst published in 1999. A collection of empirical research and theoretical reflection on the modelling of environmental change from a social perspective. The focus is on the endangered ecosystems in the developing world and examples are given from Asia, Africa and Latin America. After Regions at Risk (Kaspersons et al, 1995 UNO University Press) it is the second compilation that focuses on regional empirical evidence with regard to Global Environmental Change. On a national and European level, it gives an overview of regional studies coming from the first German Priority Programme on the Social Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. The introductory and concluding parts of the book reflect the strictly interdisciplinary approach of the research programme and form a step towards the understanding of human driving forces and responses to Global Change rooted in regional transformation processes. The book offers a source of information and theoretical guidelines for the newly evolving scientific community of Global Change Research; including teachers, politicians and anyone involved in social and environmental policy and planning.
Coping with Changing Environments: Social Dimensions of Endangered Ecosystems in the Developing World (Routledge Revivals)
by Beate Lohnert Helmut GeistFirst published in 1999. A collection of empirical research and theoretical reflection on the modelling of environmental change from a social perspective. The focus is on the endangered ecosystems in the developing world and examples are given from Asia, Africa and Latin America. After Regions at Risk (Kaspersons et al, 1995 UNO University Press) it is the second compilation that focuses on regional empirical evidence with regard to Global Environmental Change. On a national and European level, it gives an overview of regional studies coming from the first German Priority Programme on the Social Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. The introductory and concluding parts of the book reflect the strictly interdisciplinary approach of the research programme and form a step towards the understanding of human driving forces and responses to Global Change rooted in regional transformation processes. The book offers a source of information and theoretical guidelines for the newly evolving scientific community of Global Change Research; including teachers, politicians and anyone involved in social and environmental policy and planning.
Coping with Chronic Stress (Springer Series on Stress and Coping)
by Benjamin H. GottliebMuch of what we know about the subject of coping is based on human behavior and cognition during times of crisis and transition. Yet the alarms and m~or upheavals of life comprise only a portion of those experiences that call for adaptive efforts. There remains a vast array of life situations and conditions that pose continuing hardship and threat and do not promise resolution. These chronic stressors issue in part from persistently difficult life circumstances, roles, and burdens, and in part from the conversion of traumatic events into persisting adjustment challenges. Indeed, there is growing recognition of the fact that many traumatic experiences leave a long-lasting emotional residue. Whether or not coping with chronic problems differs in form, emphasis, or func tion from the ways people handle acute life events and transitions is one of the central issues taken up in these pages. This volume explores the varied circumstances and experiences that give rise to chronic stress, as well as the ways in which individuals adapt to and accommodate them. It addresses a number of substantive and methodological questions that have been largely overlooked or sidelined in previous inquiries on the stress and coping process.
Coping with Climate Variability
by Colleen Vogel Karen o'BrienThis title was first published in 2003. Recent food shortages in Southern Africa, induced by rainfall variability but compounded by problems of governance and rising food prices, have resulted in massive relief efforts. A recent scientific innovation - supplying farmers with seasonal climate forecasts - has been touted as a way to increase preparedness for such situations. This book examines how climate forecasts are used by the agricultural community in Southern Africa. Based on a workshop funded by the World Bank, it covers a broad set of issues related to the use of seasonal forecasts, including factors that constrain users' capacities to respond. Case studies presented in the book explore how forecasts can potentially increase production and food security among a population highly dependent on agriculture and vulnerable to climate variability. The book reflects on how the production, delivery and uptake of seasonal forecasts might be improved, as well as the limitations to their usefulness, and it should catalyse future thinking and research in this field.
Coping with Climate Variability
by Colleen Vogel Karen o'BrienThis title was first published in 2003. Recent food shortages in Southern Africa, induced by rainfall variability but compounded by problems of governance and rising food prices, have resulted in massive relief efforts. A recent scientific innovation - supplying farmers with seasonal climate forecasts - has been touted as a way to increase preparedness for such situations. This book examines how climate forecasts are used by the agricultural community in Southern Africa. Based on a workshop funded by the World Bank, it covers a broad set of issues related to the use of seasonal forecasts, including factors that constrain users' capacities to respond. Case studies presented in the book explore how forecasts can potentially increase production and food security among a population highly dependent on agriculture and vulnerable to climate variability. The book reflects on how the production, delivery and uptake of seasonal forecasts might be improved, as well as the limitations to their usefulness, and it should catalyse future thinking and research in this field.
Coping with Computers in the Cockpit (Routledge Revivals)
by Sidney Dekker Erik HollnagelFirst published in 1999, this volume examined how increasing cockpit automation in commercial fleets across the world has had a profound impact on the cognitive work that is carried out on the flight deck. Pilots have largely been transformed into supervisory controllers, managing a suite of human and automated resources. Operational and training requirements have changed, and the potential for human error and system breakdown has shifted. This compelling book critically examines how airlines, regulators, educators and manufacturers cope with these and other consequences of advanced aircraft automation.
Coping with Computers in the Cockpit (Routledge Revivals)
by Sidney Dekker and Erik HollnagelFirst published in 1999, this volume examined how increasing cockpit automation in commercial fleets across the world has had a profound impact on the cognitive work that is carried out on the flight deck. Pilots have largely been transformed into supervisory controllers, managing a suite of human and automated resources. Operational and training requirements have changed, and the potential for human error and system breakdown has shifted. This compelling book critically examines how airlines, regulators, educators and manufacturers cope with these and other consequences of advanced aircraft automation.
Coping with Defeat: Sunni Islam, Roman Catholicism, and the Modern State
by Jonathan LaurenceThe surprising similarities in the rise and fall of the Sunni Islamic and Roman Catholic empires in the face of the modern stateCoping with Defeat presents a historical panorama of the Islamic and Catholic political-religious empires and exposes striking parallels in their relationship with the modern state. Drawing on interviews, site visits, and archival research in Turkey, North Africa, and Western Europe, Jonathan Laurence demonstrates how, over hundreds of years, both Sunni and Catholic authorities experienced three major shocks and displacements—religious reformation, the rise of the nation-state, and mass migration. As a result, Catholic institutions eventually accepted the state’s political jurisdiction and embraced transnational spiritual leadership as their central mission. Laurence reveals an analogous process unfolding across the Sunni Muslim world in the twenty-first century.Identifying institutional patterns before and after political collapse, Laurence shows how centralized religious communities relinquish power at different rates and times. Whereas early Christianity and Islam were characterized by missionary expansion, religious institutions forged in the modern era are primarily defensive in nature. They respond to the simple but overlooked imperative to adapt to political defeat while fighting off ideological challenges to their spiritual authority. Among Laurence’s findings is that the disestablishment of Islam—the doing away with Islamic affairs ministries in the Muslim world—would harm, not help with, reconciliation to the rule of law.Examining upheavals in geography, politics, and demography, Coping with Defeat considers how centralized religions make peace with the loss of prestige.
Coping with Demographic Change: A Comparative View On Education And Local Government In Germany And Poland (European Studies of Population #19)
by Reinhold Sackmann Walter Bartl Bernadette Jonda Katarzyna Kopycka Christian RademacherWith many OECD countries experiencing a decline in their populations, this book offers a theoretical model of coping with demographic change and examines different strategies that societies have used to come to terms with demographic change. In particular, it details the different ways that Germany and Poland have tried to cope with this challenge and reveals three conflicting strategies: expansion, reduction, and phasing out.Coverage includes:· How and why demographic change was used in Poland to expand the education system· The variance of linkage between demographic change and growth rates in different fields of education in a German Bundesland· Modes of reflexivity and personnel policy in German and Polish municipalities· Effects of demographic change and forms of coping on fiscal capacity and unemployment rates in German municipalitiesCoping with Demographic Change examines how and why societies cope with these detrimental effects. It conceptualizes the challenges a society faces as a result of demographic change and focuses on the processes by which actors, organizations and nation-states try to cope with this new situation.
Coping with Homelessness: Issues to be Tackled and Best Practices in Europe (Routledge Revivals)
by Dragana AvramovFirst published in 1999. The phenomenon of homelessness is not new, but it has only recently been perceived as a social problem in European Member States. Even in the early 1990s little was known about the paths in and out of homelessness. This volume presents the papers arising from EUROHOME: Emergency and Transitory Housing for Homeless people: Needs and Best Practices. This project enabled a review of the state of knowledge in the field, an analysis of recent trends and a discussion of the prospects for improvement in the prevention of homelessness and the public response to housing in Europe. EUROHOME, and this collection, thus bring together experts in the study of: *