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A Background to Engineering Design: (pdf)

Backhauling / Fronthauling for Future Wireless Systems

The recent widespread use of mobile Internet together with the advent of numerous smart applications has led to the explosive growth of the mobile data traffic in the last few years. This momentum of mobile traffic will continue due to the emerging needs of connecting people, machines, and applications through mobile infrastructure. As a result, the current and projected dramatic growth of mobile data traffic necessitates the development of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communications technology. As a result, there is significant interest in the development of innovative backhaul and fronthaul solutions for ultra-dense heterogeneous networks. This book brings together mobile stakeholders from academia and industry to identify and promote technical challenges and recent results related to smart backhaul/fronthaul research for future communication system such as 5G. Moreover, it presents a comprehensive analysis on different types of backhaul/fronthaul technology and topology. It considers already available topology for backhauling/fronthauling and explains all fundamental requirements for deploying future smart and efficient backhauling/fronthauling infrastructure from an architectural, technical and business point of view and presents real life applications and use cases. Expanding on standardization activities, this book consists of multiple channels on specific research topics. The chapters are logically organized as the authors approach the subject from overview to specifics and from a lower to higher layer direction.

Backhauling / Fronthauling for Future Wireless Systems

The recent widespread use of mobile Internet together with the advent of numerous smart applications has led to the explosive growth of the mobile data traffic in the last few years. This momentum of mobile traffic will continue due to the emerging needs of connecting people, machines, and applications through mobile infrastructure. As a result, the current and projected dramatic growth of mobile data traffic necessitates the development of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communications technology. As a result, there is significant interest in the development of innovative backhaul and fronthaul solutions for ultra-dense heterogeneous networks. This book brings together mobile stakeholders from academia and industry to identify and promote technical challenges and recent results related to smart backhaul/fronthaul research for future communication system such as 5G. Moreover, it presents a comprehensive analysis on different types of backhaul/fronthaul technology and topology. It considers already available topology for backhauling/fronthauling and explains all fundamental requirements for deploying future smart and efficient backhauling/fronthauling infrastructure from an architectural, technical and business point of view and presents real life applications and use cases. Expanding on standardization activities, this book consists of multiple channels on specific research topics. The chapters are logically organized as the authors approach the subject from overview to specifics and from a lower to higher layer direction.

Backroom Boys: The Secret Return of the British Boffin

A brilliant, beautiful account of how British boffins triumphed across the decades in creating everything from computer games to Martian landers.The book contains chapters on the Beagle II, Elite - the 80s computer game, the Blue Streak missile, Concorde, mobile phone technology and the Human Genome Project, among others.Britain is the only country in the world to have cancelled its space programme just as it put its first rocket into orbit. Starting with this forgotten episode, 'Backroom Boys' tells the bittersweet story of how one country lost its industrial tradition and got back something else. Sad, inspiring, funny and ultimately triumphant, it follows the technologists whose work kept Concorde flying, created the computer game, conquered the mobile-phone business, saved the human genome for the human race - and who now are sending the Beagle 2 probe to burrow in the cinnamon sands of Mars. 'Backroom Boys' is a vivid love-letter to quiet men in pullovers, to those whose imaginings take shape not in words but in mild steel and carbon fibre and lines of code. Above all, it is a celebration of big dreams achieved with slender means.

Backscattering and RF Sensing for Future Wireless Communication

Discover what lies ahead in wireless communication networks with this insightful and forward-thinking book written by experts in the field Backscattering and RF Sensing for Future Wireless Communication delivers a concise and insightful picture of emerging and future trends in increasing the efficiency and performance of wireless communication networks. The book shows how the immense challenge of frequency saturation could be met via the deployment of intelligent planar electromagnetic structures. It provides an in-depth coverage of the fundamental physics behind these structures and assesses the enhancement of the performance of a communication network in challenging environments, like densely populated urban centers. The distinguished editors have included resources from a variety of leading voices in the field who discuss topics like the engineering of metasurfaces at a large scale, the electromagnetic analysis of planar metasurfaces, and low-cost and reliable backscatter communication. All of the included works focus on the facilitation of the development of intelligent systems designed to enhance communication network performance. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the evolution of wireless communication networks over the last thirty years, including the imminent saturation of the frequency spectrum An exploration of state-of-the-art techniques that next-generation wireless networks will likely incorporate, including software-controlled frameworks involving artificial intelligence An examination of the scattering of electromagnetic waves by metasurfaces, including how wave propagation differs from traditional bulk materials A treatment of the evolution of artificial intelligence in wireless communications Perfect for researchers in wireless communications, electromagnetics, and urban planning, Backscattering and RF Sensing for Future Wireless Communication will also earn a place in the libraries of government policy makers, technologists, and telecom industry stakeholders who wish to get a head start on understanding the technologies that will enable tomorrow's wireless communications.

Backscattering and RF Sensing for Future Wireless Communication

Discover what lies ahead in wireless communication networks with this insightful and forward-thinking book written by experts in the field Backscattering and RF Sensing for Future Wireless Communication delivers a concise and insightful picture of emerging and future trends in increasing the efficiency and performance of wireless communication networks. The book shows how the immense challenge of frequency saturation could be met via the deployment of intelligent planar electromagnetic structures. It provides an in-depth coverage of the fundamental physics behind these structures and assesses the enhancement of the performance of a communication network in challenging environments, like densely populated urban centers. The distinguished editors have included resources from a variety of leading voices in the field who discuss topics like the engineering of metasurfaces at a large scale, the electromagnetic analysis of planar metasurfaces, and low-cost and reliable backscatter communication. All of the included works focus on the facilitation of the development of intelligent systems designed to enhance communication network performance. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the evolution of wireless communication networks over the last thirty years, including the imminent saturation of the frequency spectrum An exploration of state-of-the-art techniques that next-generation wireless networks will likely incorporate, including software-controlled frameworks involving artificial intelligence An examination of the scattering of electromagnetic waves by metasurfaces, including how wave propagation differs from traditional bulk materials A treatment of the evolution of artificial intelligence in wireless communications Perfect for researchers in wireless communications, electromagnetics, and urban planning, Backscattering and RF Sensing for Future Wireless Communication will also earn a place in the libraries of government policy makers, technologists, and telecom industry stakeholders who wish to get a head start on understanding the technologies that will enable tomorrow's wireless communications.

Backup und Recovery in Datenbanksystemen: Verfahren, Klassifikation, Implementierung und Bewertung (Teubner Texte zur Informatik #33)

Rapide steigende Datenmengen sind das aktuelle Problem der heutigen Informationsverarbeitung. Dies betrifft besonders den Bereich der Datenbanken. Daraus ergeben sich zahlreiche Probleme sowohl für den Betrieb von Datenbanksystemen als auch insbesondere für deren Administration. Dieses Buch gibt einen Überblick über den state of the art in Forschung und Technik bezüglich Sicherungs- und Wiederherstellungsmechanismen in Datenbanksystemen (Backup und Recovery). Vorgestellt werden Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten existierender Verfahren und neue Ansätze für den effizienten Schutz vor Datenverlust.

The Backyard Cow: An Introductory Guide to Keeping a Productive Family Cow

A friendly, accessible guide to every aspect of raising, keeping, caring for, and enjoying a family cow, with a focus on providing milk and other dairy products.

The Backyard Goat: An Introductory Guide to Keeping and Enjoying Pet Goats, from Feeding and Housing to Making Your Own Cheese

A beginner&’s guide for those who want to keep goats as pets or to produce milk, cheese, and fiber.

The Backyard Homestead: Produce all the food you need on just a quarter acre! (Backyard Homestead)

On just a quarter-acre of land, you can produce fresh, organic food for a family of four — year-round!

The Backyard Homestead Guide to Raising Farm Animals: Choose the Best Breeds for Small-Space Farming, Produce Your Own Grass-Fed Meat, Gather Fresh Eggs, Collect Fresh Milk, Make Your Own Cheese, Keep Chickens, Turkeys, Ducks, Rabbits, Goats, Sheep, Pigs, Cattle, & Bees (Backyard Homestead)

Enjoy a weekend breakfast featuring eggs, bacon, and honey from your own chickens, pigs, and bees, or a holiday meal with your own heritage-breed turkey as the main attraction. Gail Damerow covers everything you need to successfully raise your own farm animals, from selecting the right breeds to producing delicious fresh milk, cheese, honey, eggs, and meat. Even with just a small plot of land, you can become more self-sufficient, save money, and enjoy healthy, delicious animal products. Also available in this series: The Backyard Homestead, The Backyard Homestead Book of Building Projects, The Backyard Homestead Seasonal Planner, and The Backyard Homestead Book of Kitchen Know-How.

The Backyard Homestead Seasonal Planner: What to Do & When to Do It in the Garden, Orchard, Barn, Pasture & Equipment Shed (Backyard Homestead)

This practical workbook offers a detailed calendar of what to do when on a small farm or homestead — from pruning apple trees to brooding chicks — and shows how to organize each season&’s tasks efficiently and effectively.

Backyard Homesteading All-in-One For Dummies

Live a more sustainable lifestyle Historically referred to as a government program for revitalizing undesirable living areas, "homesteading" today has come to mean the pursuit of a self-sufficient lifestyle. Homesteading can include everything from keeping bees, growing vegetables, and composting to installing solar panels, creating a rain barrel, and canning your own food,—plus much more. Backyard Homesteading All-in-One For Dummies has a little bit of everything for the homesteader in all of us. It walks you through the basics of creating your own sustainable homestead and offers expert tips and tricks for making it as easy and successful as possible. Raise chickens Keep bees Compost Can and preserve This book gives you everything you need to embark on your own homesteading adventure.

Backyard Homesteading All-in-One For Dummies

Live a more sustainable lifestyle Historically referred to as a government program for revitalizing undesirable living areas, "homesteading" today has come to mean the pursuit of a self-sufficient lifestyle. Homesteading can include everything from keeping bees, growing vegetables, and composting to installing solar panels, creating a rain barrel, and canning your own food,—plus much more. Backyard Homesteading All-in-One For Dummies has a little bit of everything for the homesteader in all of us. It walks you through the basics of creating your own sustainable homestead and offers expert tips and tricks for making it as easy and successful as possible. Raise chickens Keep bees Compost Can and preserve This book gives you everything you need to embark on your own homesteading adventure.

The Backyard Sheep: An Introductory Guide to Keeping Productive Pet Sheep

Raise a flock of sheep in your backyard. Even with a limited amount of space, you can enjoy homegrown fleece and fresh milk, as well as the endearing company of these family-friendly animals. Sue Weaver provides all the instructions you need for selecting a breed; housing and feeding; harvesting fleece; and milking. With simple recipes for making cheese and yogurt, and tips on processing fleece for wool, you&’ll enjoy the varied and numerous rewards of keeping sheep.

Bacteria in Agrobiology: Crop Ecosystems

The future of agriculture strongly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. An ecologically and economically sustainable strategy is the application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining worldwide importance.Bacteria in Agrobiology: Crop Ecosystems describes the beneficial role of plant growth promoting bacteria with special emphasis on oil yielding crops, cereals, fruits and vegetables. Chapters present studies on various aspects of bacteria-plant interactions, soil-borne and seed-borne diseases associated with food crops such as rice, sesame, peanuts, and horticultural crops. Further reviews describe technologies to produce inoculants, the biocontrol of post harvest pathogens as a suitable alternative to agrochemicals, and the restoration of degraded soils.

Bacteria in Agrobiology: Crop Productivity

The future of agriculture greatly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. The application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), represents an ecologically and economically sustainable strategy. The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining importance worldwide.Bacteria in Agrobiology: Crop Productivity focus on the role of beneficial bacteria in crop growth, increased nutrient uptake and mobilization, and defense against phytopathogens. Diverse group of agricultural crops and medicinal plants are described as well as PGPR-mediated bioremediation leading to food security.

Bacteria in Agrobiology: Disease Management

The future of agriculture greatly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. The application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), represents an ecologically and economically sustainable strategy. The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining importance worldwide."Bacteria in Agrobiology: Disease Management" discusses various aspects of biological control and disease suppression using bacteria. Topics covered include: fluorescent pseudomonads; siderophore-producing PGPR; pseudomonas inoculants; bacillus-based biocontrol agents; bacterial control of root and tuber crop diseases; fungal pathogens of cereals; soil-borne fungal pathogens; peronosporomycete phytopathogens; and plant parasitic nematodes.

Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Growth Responses

The future of agriculture strongly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. An ecologically and economically sustainable strategy is the application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining worldwide importance.“Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Growth Responses” describes the application of various bacteria in plant growth promotion and protection, including symbiotic, free living, rhizospheric, endophytic, methylotrophic, diazotrophic and filamentous species.

Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Nutrient Management

The future of agriculture strongly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. An ecologically and economically sustainable strategy is the application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining worldwide importance.“Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Nutrient Management” focus on the management of plant nutrient to support plant growth and development. The topics treated in this book include mechanisms of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, zinc and phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, sulfur oxidizing bacteria, ACC deaminase, siderophores, phytohormones, quorum-sensing, biofilms, antibiotics, volatiles, denitrification and integrated nutrient management.

Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Probiotics

The future of agriculture strongly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. An ecologically and economically sustainable strategy is the application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining worldwide importance. "Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Probiotics" discusses the current trends and future prospects of beneficial microorganisms acting as Probiotics. Topics include the application for the aboveground fitness of plants, in mountain ecosystems, in tropical and Mediterranean forests, and in muga sericulture. Further aspects are Arabidopsis as a model system for the diversity and complexity of plant responses, plant parasitic nematodes, nitrogen fixation and phosphorus nutrition.

Bacteria in Agrobiology: Stress Management

The future of agriculture strongly depends on our ability to enhance productivity without sacrificing long-term production potential. An ecologically and economically sustainable strategy is the application of microorganisms, such as the diverse bacterial species of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). The use of these bio-resources for the enhancement of crop productivity is gaining worldwide importance."Bacteria in Agrobiology: Stress Management" covers the major aspects on PGPR in amelioration of both abiotic and biotic stresses. PGPR mediated in priming of plant defense reactions, nutrient availability and management in saline and cold environment, hormonal signaling, ACC deaminase and its role in ethylene regulation under harsh conditions are suitably described.

Bacteria-Metal Interactions

This book provides a detailed description and analysis of the reduction and metabolism of metals and metalloids by sulfate reducing bacteria. The molecular mechanisms of bacterial resistance to copper are examined as well as extracellular electron transfer and bacterial metal oxide respiration. Furthermore, in this book enrichment, isolation, and physiology of magnetotactic bacteria are discussed. The interactions of bacteria with metals in natural environments and their role in metal cycling have been studied for decades. Advances in studies of bacteria-metal interactions identified numerous important aspects of these interactions, such as bioremediation of metal-contaminated environments, the role of metals in redox reactions and other cellular functions, as well as the role of metals in toxicity and infection.Microbiologists, environmental scientists, and students interested in microbe interactions with metals and their effect on the environment and their application in biotechnology will be interested in the topics discussed in the book.

Bacterial Adaptation to Co-resistance

The proposed book aims to understand the mechanism of survival of microorganisms in response to chemical stress in various ecological niches that suffer direct human intervention, more so the agricultural, domestic and hospital settings. Microbicides (e.g. disinfectants, antiseptics, fungicides, algaecides, insecticides and pesticides) are used rampantly to control undesirable microbes. Insecticides and pesticides are routinely used in agriculture which directly affect the microbial population in farms, orchards and fields. Health care environments are always stressed with disinfectants and antibiotics. It is always probable that microbicide-stressed microorganisms are in a dynamic state, displaced from one niche to the other. Some soil and water borne bacteria or their resistance determinants are also getting prominence in hospital settings after suffering selective pressure from agricides. In order to reveal the survival strategies of microbicidal-resistant microbes, it is of prime importance to know the mode of action of these complete range of microbicides (agricides to antibiotics). The present book intends to address these issues. There will be several chapters dealing with tolerance and cross resistance in microbes and bacteria in particular, dwelling in various niches. Till date, there is no consensus among scientists in theorizing molecular mechanisms to explain bacterial tolerance and their cross resistance to agricides and antibiotics.

Bacterial Biopolymers

Bacterial biopolymers are a competitive new area of research with potential applications in agriculture, petroleum exploration, and use as biodegradable plastics. This new volume provides comprehensive coverage of bacterial biopolymers. The book elucidates the main classes of bacterial biopolymers—polysaccharides and polyesters or polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)—along with their definition, classification, detection, extraction, characterization, fermentation process, structure and properties, applications and uses, functions, and more. The volume covers Detection, extraction, and characterization of bacterial biopolymers Molecular identification of bacterial isolates The fermentation process Structure and properties of PHAs Biochemical characterization of the PHA-producing bacterial strains In vitro biodegradation study of PHA film by soil microorganisms PHAs for enhancing the stability of colloidal silver nanoparticles (SNP) This volume is an important source of information on the concerned bacteria, the biochemical characteristics of biopolymers, and their potential use.