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Bio-Inspired Technologies for the Modern World: Emerging Trends and Applications
by T. Pullaiah R. Ramakrishna ReddyNature gives us ample opportunity to understand and observe her secrets, and scientists and inventors can and do study the characteristics of things in nature to come up with amazing and astonishing technologies and products invented as a result.This new volume provides a sampling of technological issues that have been tackled with the help of biologically inspired engineering, by such things in nature as bionic plants, the lotus leaf, insects and beetles, geckos, bats, spiders, and butterflies. It considers bio-inspired technologies that have been applied in water purification, for business lessons, in healthcare and medicine, and more.This unique volume is an inspiring resource for professionals, researchers, scholars, engineers, and businessmen and businesswomen interested in the latest developments by studying the wonders of natural science.
Bio-Inspired Technologies for the Modern World: Emerging Trends and Applications
by T. Pullaiah R. Ramakrishna ReddyNature gives us ample opportunity to understand and observe her secrets, and scientists and inventors can and do study the characteristics of things in nature to come up with amazing and astonishing technologies and products invented as a result.This new volume provides a sampling of technological issues that have been tackled with the help of biologically inspired engineering, by such things in nature as bionic plants, the lotus leaf, insects and beetles, geckos, bats, spiders, and butterflies. It considers bio-inspired technologies that have been applied in water purification, for business lessons, in healthcare and medicine, and more.This unique volume is an inspiring resource for professionals, researchers, scholars, engineers, and businessmen and businesswomen interested in the latest developments by studying the wonders of natural science.
Bio-Inspired Wettability Surfaces: Developments in Micro- and Nanostructures
by Zheng Yongmei Cheng Qunfeng Hou Yongping Yuan ChenThrough natural evolvement in thousands of years, biosurfaces have become highly adaptable to display their biological functions perfectly. Interestingly, they have developed micro-/nanostructures with gradient features to achieve smart wetting controls, such as ultra-hydrophobic water repellency in lotus leaf, directional water collection in wette
The Bio-inspired X-Structure/Mechanism Approach for Exploring Nonlinear Benefits in Engineering: Part I-Nonlinear Stiffness and Nonlinear Damping
by Xingjian JingThis book presents a unique approach to the design and analysis of beneficial nonlinearity, which can take an important and critical role in engineering systems and thus cannot be simply ignored in structural design, dynamic response analysis, and parameter selection. A key issue in the area is thus systematically addressed about how to analyze and design potential nonlinearities introduced to or inherent in a system, which is a must-do task in many practical applications involving vibration control, energy harvesting, sensor systems and robots, etc. This book, therefore, presents an up-to-date summary on the most recent development of a cutting-edge method for nonlinearity manipulation and employment developed in recent several years, known as the X-shaped structure or mechanism approach. The method is inspired from animal leg/limb skeletons and can provide passive low-cost high-efficiency adjustable and beneficial nonlinear stiffness (high static and ultra-low dynamic), nonlinear damping (dependent on resonant frequency and vibration excitation amplitude), and nonlinear inertia (low static and high dynamic) individually or simultaneously. The X-shaped structure or mechanism is a generic structure or mechanism representing a class of beneficial geometric nonlinearity with realizable and flexible linkage mechanism or structural design of different variants or forms (quadrilateral, diamond, polygon, K/Z/S/V/A/W-shape, or others) which all share similar geometric nonlinearity and thus similar nonlinear stiffness/damping properties, flexible in design, and easy to implement. This book systematically introduces the research background, motivation, essential bio-inspired ideas, advantages of this novel method, beneficial nonlinear properties in stiffness, damping and inertia, associated theory for analysis and design of nonlinear dynamics, potential applications and case studies, most of which have been developed ever since 2010. This is Part I of this book series, and the results in this book focus on beneficial nonlinear stiffness and damping characteristics of the fundamental X-shaped structure/mechanism and its variants, and provide an in-depth understanding of potential nonlinear properties that can be achieved through passive structural/mechanism designs via this class of X-structures or mechanisms.
The Bio-inspired X-Structure/Mechanism Approach for Exploring Nonlinear Benefits in Engineering: Part II-Nonlinear Inertia and Multi-direction Vibration Isolation
by Xingjian JingThis book presents a unique approach to the design and analysis of beneficial nonlinearity, which can take an important and critical role in engineering systems and thus cannot be simply ignored in structural design, dynamic response analysis, and parameter selection. A key issue in the area is thus systematically addressed about how to analyze and design potential nonlinearities introduced to or inherent in a system of under study, which is a must-do task in many practical applications involving vibration control, energy harvesting, sensor systems and robots, etc. This book, therefore, presents an up-to-date summary on the most recent development of a cutting-edge method for nonlinearity manipulation and employment developed in recent several years, named as the X-shaped structure or mechanism approach. The method is inspired from animal leg/limb skeletons and can provide passive low-cost high-efficiency adjustable and beneficial nonlinear stiffness (high static and ultra-low dynamic), nonlinear damping (dependent on resonant frequency and vibration excitation amplitude) and nonlinear inertia (low static and high dynamic) individually or simultaneously. The X-shaped structure or mechanism is a generic structure or mechanism representing a class of beneficial geometric nonlinearity with realizable and flexible linkage mechanism or structural design of different variants or forms (quadrilateral, diamond, polygon, K/Z/S/V-shape, or others) which all share similar geometric nonlinearity and thus similar nonlinear stiffness/damping properties, flexible in design, and easy to implement. This book systematically reviews the research background, motivation, essential bio-inspired ideas, advantages of this novel method, beneficial nonlinear properties in stiffness, damping and inertia, and potential applications, which have been developed ever since 2010. This book reveals important nonlinear properties and dynamic characteristics of nonlinear inertia that can be provided through the X-structure/mechanism and also presents advantageous features of X-structure/mechanism methods in multi-direction vibration control.
Bio-management of Postharvest Diseases and Mycotoxigenic Fungi (World Food Preservation Center Book Series)
by Neeta Sharma and Avantina S. BhandariThere is an ever-increasing demand for more food but one of the stumbling blocks to achieving this goal is quality and quantity losses due to various pests and pathogens and the mycotoxins synthesized by these harmful biotic entities. Thus far, strategies employed to manage these post-harvest diseases and mycotoxins decontamination include established physical, cultural, and chemical methods. Recently, the application of chemicals to reduce decay and deterioration caused by various pathogens has been impeded as these hazardous chemicals contaminate the environment, enter the food chain, and destroy beneficial microorganisms and pests by aiming at non-target microorganisms. In light of this, the usage of eco-friendly and non-polluting alternatives to chemical pesticides is the call of the hour. Bio-management of Postharvest Diseases and Mycotoxigenic Fungi deals with the current state and future prospects of using various bio-management techniques that are natural, eco-friendly, and environmentally safe. It aims to increase awareness of their potential as well as sensitizing readers to the various aspects of biologicals in pest control. Key Features: Highlights classical versus new techniques adopted to manage postharvest diseases Discusses novel approaches in managing fungal spoilage and mycotoxin decontamination Provides readers with a 360-degree perspective of the pre- and post-harvest quality mycotoxin decontamination research being conducted Details proposals of new ideas to ensure a food secure and pesticide-free world This book disseminates notable and diversified scientific work carried out by leading experts in their own field. Written by qualified scientists in each of their respective disciplines, it can serve as a current and comprehensive treatise on the emerging field of bio-management of postharvest diseases and mycotoxin decontamination by products that are "generally regarded as safe."
Bio-management of Postharvest Diseases and Mycotoxigenic Fungi (World Food Preservation Center Book Series)
by Neeta Sharma Avantina S. BhandariThere is an ever-increasing demand for more food but one of the stumbling blocks to achieving this goal is quality and quantity losses due to various pests and pathogens and the mycotoxins synthesized by these harmful biotic entities. Thus far, strategies employed to manage these post-harvest diseases and mycotoxins decontamination include established physical, cultural, and chemical methods. Recently, the application of chemicals to reduce decay and deterioration caused by various pathogens has been impeded as these hazardous chemicals contaminate the environment, enter the food chain, and destroy beneficial microorganisms and pests by aiming at non-target microorganisms. In light of this, the usage of eco-friendly and non-polluting alternatives to chemical pesticides is the call of the hour. Bio-management of Postharvest Diseases and Mycotoxigenic Fungi deals with the current state and future prospects of using various bio-management techniques that are natural, eco-friendly, and environmentally safe. It aims to increase awareness of their potential as well as sensitizing readers to the various aspects of biologicals in pest control. Key Features: Highlights classical versus new techniques adopted to manage postharvest diseases Discusses novel approaches in managing fungal spoilage and mycotoxin decontamination Provides readers with a 360-degree perspective of the pre- and post-harvest quality mycotoxin decontamination research being conducted Details proposals of new ideas to ensure a food secure and pesticide-free world This book disseminates notable and diversified scientific work carried out by leading experts in their own field. Written by qualified scientists in each of their respective disciplines, it can serve as a current and comprehensive treatise on the emerging field of bio-management of postharvest diseases and mycotoxin decontamination by products that are "generally regarded as safe."
Bio-manufactured Nanomaterials: Perspectives and Promotion
by Kaushik PalThis book is based on the principles, limitations, challenges, improvements and applications of nanotechnology in medical science as described in the literature. It highlights various parameters affecting the synthesis of bio-nanomaterials and exclusive techniques utilized for characterizing the nanostructures for their potential use in biomedical and environmental applications. Moreover, biodegradable synthesis of nanomaterials is regarded as an important tool to reduce the destructive effects associated with the traditional methods of synthesis for nanostructures commonly utilized in laboratory and industry and as well as academic scale of innovative research foundation.
Bio-Materials and Prototyping Applications in Medicine
by Paulo Jorge Bártolo Bopaya BidandaRapid prototyping is used to design and develop medical devices and instrumentation. This book details research in rapid prototyping of bio-materials for medical applications. It provides a wide variety of examples of medical applications using rapid prototyping, including tissue engineering, dental applications, and bone replacement. Coverage also discusses the emergence of computer aided design in the development of prosthetic devices.
Bio-Materials and Prototyping Applications in Medicine
by Paulo Jorge Bártolo Bopaya BidandaRapid prototyping is used to design and develop medical devices and instrumentation. This book details research in rapid prototyping of bio-materials for medical applications. It provides a wide variety of examples of medical applications using rapid prototyping, including tissue engineering, dental applications, and bone replacement. Coverage also discusses the emergence of computer aided design in the development of prosthetic devices.
Bio-mechanisms of Swimming and Flying
by N. Kato J. Ayers H. MorikawaTens of thousands of different animal species live on this planet, having survived for millions of years through adaptation and evolution, which has given them a vast variety of structures and functions. Biomechanical studies of animals swimming and flying can aid understanding of the mechanisms that enable them to move effectively and efficiently in fluids . Based on such understandings and analyses, we can aim to develop environmentally friendly machines that emulate these natu ral movements. The Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 agreed major treaties on biological diversity, addressing the comb ined issues of environmental protection and fair and equitable economic development. With regard to coastal environments, increasing biological diversity has begun to play an important role in reestablishing stable and sustainable ecosystems. This approach has begun to influence research into the behavior of aquatic species, as an understanding of the history of an individual aquatic species is indispensable in constructing an environmental assessment mod el that includes the physical, chemical, and biological effects of that species . From an engineering viewpoint, studying nature's biological diversity is an opportunity to reconsider mechanical systems that were systematically constructed in the wake of the Industrial Revolution. We have been accumulating knowledge of the sys tems inherent in biological creatures and using that knowledge to create new, envi ronmentally friendly technologies.
Bio-mechanisms of Swimming and Flying: Fluid Dynamics, Biomimetic Robots, and Sports Science
by Naomi Kato Shinji KamimuraThis book covers a wide range of animals from flagellated microorganisms to marine mammals. It follows "Bio-mechanisms of Animals in Swimming and Flying" published in 2004 including 11 chapters. This time, the book includes 31 chapters on the latest researches into natural autonomous systems and locomotion in both flying and swimming organisms. The area of sports science such as analysis and simulation of human swimming is newly added. The computational frameworks for the modeling, simulation and optimization of animals in swimming and flying demonstrate an important role in the progress of interdisciplinary work in the fields of biology and engineering.
Bio-Medical CMOS ICs (Integrated Circuits and Systems)
by Hoi-Jun Yoo and Chris HoofThis book is based on a graduate course entitled, Ubiquitous Healthcare Circuits and Systems, that was given by one of the editors at his university. It includes an introduction and overview to the field of biomedical ICs and provides information on the current trends in research. The material focuses on the design of biomedical ICs rather than focusing on how to use prepared ICs.
Bio-MEMS: Technologies and Applications
by Wanjun Wang Steven A. SoperMicroelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are evolving into highly integrated technologies for a variety of application areas. Add the biological dimension to the mix and a host of new problems and issues arise that require a broad understanding of aspects from basic, materials, and medical sciences in addition to engineering. Collecting the efforts of
Bio-Mimetic Swimmers in Incompressible Fluids: Modeling, Well-Posedness, and Controllability (Advances in Mathematical Fluid Mechanics)
by Alexander KhapalovThis monograph presents an original, concise mathematical theory for bio-mimetic swimmers in the framework of a coupled system of PDEs and ODEs. The authoritative research pioneered by the author serves as the basis for the method adopted here. This unique methodology consists of an original modelling approach, well-posedness results for the proposed models for swimmers, and a controllability theory that studies the steering potential of the proposed swimmers. A combination of this sort does not currently exist in the literature, making this an indispensable resource. Structured in five parts, the author establishes the main modeling approach in Part One. Part Two then presents the well-posedness results for these models. Parts Three through Five serve to develop a controllability theory for the swimmers, which are conceived of as artificial mechanical devices that imitate the swimming motion of fish, eels, frogs, and other aquatic creatures in nature. Several illustrative examples are provided in the last portion that serve as potential research topics. Bio-Mimetic Swimmers in Incompressible Fluids will appeal to graduate students and researchers studying fluid dynamics and control theory, as well as engineers interested in these areas.
Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composite Materials
by Visakh P. M. Oguz Bayraktar Gopalakrishnan MenonPresents new and innovative bio-based monomers to replace traditional petrochemical-based building blocks Featuring contributions from top experts in the field, this book discusses new developments in the area of bio monomers and green polymeric composite materials. It covers bio monomers, green polymeric composites, composites from renewable resources, bio-sourced polymers, green composites, biodegradation, processing methods, green polymeric gels, and green polymeric membranes. Each chapter in Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composites Materials presents the most recent research and technological ideas in a comprehensive style. It examines bio monomers for green polymer and the processing methods for the bio nanocomposites. It covers the preparation, characterization, and applications of bio-polymeric materials based blends, as well as the applications of biopolymeric gels in medical biotechnology. The book also explores the properties and applications of gelatins, pectins, and carrageenans gels. Additionally, it offers a plethora of information on green polymeric membranes; the bio-degradation of green polymeric composites materials; applications of green polymeric composites materials; hydrogels used for biomedical applications; and the use of natural aerogels as thermal insulations. Introduces readers to the innovative, new bio-based monomers that are taking the place of traditional petrochemical-based building blocks Covers green polymers, green composites, bio-sourced polymers, bio nanocomposites, biodegradable polymers, green polymer gels, and membranes Features input from leading researchers immersed in the area of study Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composites Materials is suitable for academics, researchers, scientists, engineers and advanced students in the field of bio monomers and green polymeric composites materials.
Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composite Materials
by P. M. Visakh Oguz Bayraktar Gopalakrishnan MenonPresents new and innovative bio-based monomers to replace traditional petrochemical-based building blocks Featuring contributions from top experts in the field, this book discusses new developments in the area of bio monomers and green polymeric composite materials. It covers bio monomers, green polymeric composites, composites from renewable resources, bio-sourced polymers, green composites, biodegradation, processing methods, green polymeric gels, and green polymeric membranes. Each chapter in Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composites Materials presents the most recent research and technological ideas in a comprehensive style. It examines bio monomers for green polymer and the processing methods for the bio nanocomposites. It covers the preparation, characterization, and applications of bio-polymeric materials based blends, as well as the applications of biopolymeric gels in medical biotechnology. The book also explores the properties and applications of gelatins, pectins, and carrageenans gels. Additionally, it offers a plethora of information on green polymeric membranes; the bio-degradation of green polymeric composites materials; applications of green polymeric composites materials; hydrogels used for biomedical applications; and the use of natural aerogels as thermal insulations. Introduces readers to the innovative, new bio-based monomers that are taking the place of traditional petrochemical-based building blocks Covers green polymers, green composites, bio-sourced polymers, bio nanocomposites, biodegradable polymers, green polymer gels, and membranes Features input from leading researchers immersed in the area of study Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composites Materials is suitable for academics, researchers, scientists, engineers and advanced students in the field of bio monomers and green polymeric composites materials.
Bio-Nano Filtration in Industrial Effluent Treatment: Advanced and Innovative Approaches (Wastewater Treatment and Research)
by Maulin P. ShahThe ever-increasing number of pollutants discharged into the environment drives the search for new treatment technologies or the modification of the existing ones. In this sense, innovation in bio-nano filtration systems seems very promising and, therefore, a book on the current advances and innovations on this topic is highly appropriate. Bio-nano filtration is a relatively new emerging technology applied to the treatment of wastewater and other toxic compounds. In the last two decades, this technology has begun to emerge as an economically viable process to treat the great variety of recalcitrant pollutants discharged into the environment. Thus, it is speculated that the US biofiltration market will reach over $100 million by 2020. This book aims to present how innovation in bio-nano filtration can provide effective solutions to overcome the serious problem of water pollution worldwide. The removal of contaminants will be the result of the combined effects of biological oxidation, adsorption, and filtration processes. Features: Describes the microbial ecology of bio-nano filtration. Describes the modelling of bio-nano filtration. Describes the design of bio-nanofillers.
Bio-Nano Filtration in Industrial Effluent Treatment: Advanced and Innovative Approaches (Wastewater Treatment and Research)
by Maulin P. ShahThe ever-increasing number of pollutants discharged into the environment drives the search for new treatment technologies or the modification of the existing ones. In this sense, innovation in bio-nano filtration systems seems very promising and, therefore, a book on the current advances and innovations on this topic is highly appropriate. Bio-nano filtration is a relatively new emerging technology applied to the treatment of wastewater and other toxic compounds. In the last two decades, this technology has begun to emerge as an economically viable process to treat the great variety of recalcitrant pollutants discharged into the environment. Thus, it is speculated that the US biofiltration market will reach over $100 million by 2020. This book aims to present how innovation in bio-nano filtration can provide effective solutions to overcome the serious problem of water pollution worldwide. The removal of contaminants will be the result of the combined effects of biological oxidation, adsorption, and filtration processes. Features: Describes the microbial ecology of bio-nano filtration. Describes the modelling of bio-nano filtration. Describes the design of bio-nanofillers.
Bio-Nano Interface: Applications in Food, Healthcare and Sustainability
by Manoranjan Arakha Arun Kumar Pradhan Suman JhaThis book discusses the unique interactions of nanoparticles with various biomolecules under different environmental conditions. It describes the consequences of these interactions on other biological aspects like flora and fauna of the niche, cell proliferation, etc. The book provides information about the novel and eco-friendly nanoparticle synthesis methods, such as continuous synthesis of nanoparticles using microbial cells. Additionally, the book discusses nanoparticles' potential impact in different areas of biological sciences like food, medicine, agriculture, and the environment. Due to their advanced physicochemical properties, nanoparticles have revolutionized biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences. Inside the biological milieu, nanoparticles interact with different moieties to adopt stable shape, size, and surface functionalities and form nano-biomolecular complexes. The interaction pattern at the interface form complexes determines the fate of interacting biomolecules and nanoparticles inside the biological system. Understanding the interaction pattern at the nano-bio interface is crucial for the safe use of nanoparticles in natural sciences. This book rightly addresses all questions about the interaction and the ensuing structure and function of these nano-biomolecular complexes. This book caters to students and researchers in the area of biotechnology, microbiology, and pharmaceutical sciences.
Bio-Nano Interfaces: Perspectives, Properties, and Applications
by Wolfgang ParakIn recent decades, bio-nano interfaces have become a popular topic of research. The interface between biology (e.g., cells, proteins) and man-made materials (e.g., surfaces of labware, medical devices/implants, etc., that are exposed to the biological matter) has always been important, way before the terms of nanotechnology and nanoscience were coined. Nanotechnology brought new techniques into play, with which such interfaces can be investigated with an additional viewpoint. This book is a collection of articles spanning two decades that shows how the newer publications have evolved from the older ones. This allows the reader to see the development in the field not only technically but also conceptually. The book is, in particular, suitable for the researchers and general readers who are looking for inspiration on how ideas develop over decades.
Bio-Nano Interfaces: Perspectives, Properties, and Applications
by Wolfgang J. ParakIn recent decades, bio-nano interfaces have become a popular topic of research. The interface between biology (e.g., cells, proteins) and man-made materials (e.g., surfaces of labware, medical devices/implants, etc., that are exposed to the biological matter) has always been important, way before the terms of nanotechnology and nanoscience were coined. Nanotechnology brought new techniques into play, with which such interfaces can be investigated with an additional viewpoint. This book is a collection of articles spanning two decades that shows how the newer publications have evolved from the older ones. This allows the reader to see the development in the field not only technically but also conceptually. The book is, in particular, suitable for the researchers and general readers who are looking for inspiration on how ideas develop over decades.
Bio-Nanomaterials: Designing Materials Inspired by Nature
by Wolfgang Pompe Gerhard Rödel Hans-Jürgen Weiss Michael MertigWritten by authors from different fields to reflect the interdisciplinary nature of the topic, this book guides the reader through new nano-materials processing inspired by nature. Structured around general principles, each selection and explanation is motivated by particular biological case studies. This provides the background for elucidating the particular principle in a second section. In the third part, examples for applying the principle to materials processing are given, while in a fourth subsection each chapter is supplemented by a selection of relevant experimental and theoretical techniques.
Bio-Nanomaterials: Designing Materials Inspired by Nature
by Wolfgang Pompe Gerhard Rödel Hans-Jürgen Weiss Michael MertigWritten by authors from different fields to reflect the interdisciplinary nature of the topic, this book guides the reader through new nano-materials processing inspired by nature. Structured around general principles, each selection and explanation is motivated by particular biological case studies. This provides the background for elucidating the particular principle in a second section. In the third part, examples for applying the principle to materials processing are given, while in a fourth subsection each chapter is supplemented by a selection of relevant experimental and theoretical techniques.
Bio-Nanomedicine for Cancer Therapy (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1295)
by Flavia Fontana Hélder A. SantosThe book covers the latest developments in biologically-inspired and derived nanomedicine for cancer therapy. The purpose of the book is to illustrate the significance of naturally-mimicking systems for enhancing the dose delivered to the tumor, to improve stability, and prolong the circulation time. Moreover, readers are presented with advanced materials such as adjuvants for immunostimulation in cancer vaccines. The book also provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of academic research. This is an ideal book for students, researchers, and professors working in nanotechnology, cancer, targeted drug delivery, controlled drug release, materials science, and biomaterials as well as companies developing cancer immunotherapy.