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Free Piston Stirling Engines (Lecture Notes in Engineering #12)

DEFINITION AND NOMENCLATURE A Stirling engine is a mechanical device which operates on a closed regenerative thermodynamic cycle with cyclic compression and expansion of the working fluid at different temperature levels. The flow of working fluid is controlled only by the internal volume changes, there are no valves and, overall, there is a net conversion of heat to work or vice-versa. This generalized definition embraces a large family of machines with different functions; characteristics and configurations. It includes both rotary and reciprocating systems utilizing mechanisms of varying complexity. It covers machines capable of operating as a prime mover or power system converting heat supplied at high tempera­ ture to output work and waste heat at a lower temperature. It also covers work-consuming machines used as refrigerating systems and heat pumps abstracting heat from a low temperature source and delivering this plus the heat equivalent of the work consumed to a higher tem­ perature. Finally it covers work-consuming devices used as pressure­ generators compressing a fluid from a low pressure to a higher pres­ sure. Very similar machines exist which operate on an open regen­ erative cycle where the flow of working fluid is controlled by valves. For convenience these may be called Ericsson engines but unfortunate­ ly the distinction is not widely established and regenerative machines of both types are frequently called 'Stirling engines'.

Free-Radical Retrograde-Precipitation Polymerization (FRRPP): Novel Concept, Processes, Materials, and Energy Aspects

Providing insight on the free-radical retrograde-precipitation polymerization process, this volume examines the phenomenological aspects in comparison to other materials, such as nanoscale confinement behavior and nucleated hot spots.

Free-Range Chicken Gardens: How to Create a Beautiful, Chicken-Friendly Yard

In Free-Range Chicken Garden, Jessie Bloom explains how to have both a happy flock and a beautiful garden, leveraging the soil-building and weed-managing talents of these feathered gardening assistants.

Free Space Laser Communication with Ambient Light Compensation

This book addresses 5G network capacity requirements with a new architecture for 5G Optical Backhaul Network. The author first describes the challenges for 5G backhaul network requirements and then the details of an Optical Backhaul Network for 5G. The author describes an architecture, in which small cells deploy as a cluster (i.e., 3-5 small cells in one cluster), where one small cell works as an aggregation point using an optical transceiver to backhaul the aggregated traffic to the nearest optical network unit, before it then goes to the core network. This book also illustrates the optical link budget analysis that can be used to determine the availability and the performances of the optical backhaul link in different deployment scenarios and different weather conditions. Provides a single-source reference to the basics of free space laser communication with ambient light compensation;Offers timely information, blending theory and practice;Written to be accessible to readers with varying backgrounds, including numerous illustrations;Provides hands-on experience through practical examples, which can be put to work to deploy and optimize cellular networks.

Free-Space Laser Communications: Principles and Advances (Optical and Fiber Communications Reports #2)

This is a comprehensive tutorial on the emerging technology of free-space laser communications (FSLC). The book offers an all-inclusive source of information on the basics of FSLC, and a review of state-of-the-art technologies. Coverage includes atmospheric effects for laser propagation and FSLC systems performance and design. Free-Space Laser Communications is a valuable resource for engineers, scientists and students interested in laser communication systems designed for the atmospheric optical channel.

Free Space Optical Communication (Optical Networks)

This book provides an in-depth understanding of free space optical (FSO) communication with a particular emphasis on optical beam propagation through atmospheric turbulence. The book is structured in such a way that it provides a basic framework for the beginners and also gives a concise description from a designer’s perspective. The book provides an exposure to FSO technology, fundamental limitations, design methodologies, system trade-offs, acquisition, tracking and pointing (ATP) techniques and link-feasibility analysis. The contents of this book will be of interest to professionals and researchers alike. The book may also be used as a textbook for engineering coursework and professional training.

Free-Space Optics: Propagation and Communication

Free space optics is a telecommunications technique which is already being used for everyday exchange of information and has many advantages over other techniques (bandwidth, low cost, mobility of the equipment, security, etc.); within the next decade, it is likely to become an integral and essential part of data-processing architectures and telecommunications. A history of wireless optical telecommunications is given, together with a recapitulation of the application of the principles of electromagnetism to free-space optics. Coverage is also given to the transmitters and receivers of optical beams, whih are the basis of any optical communication system. These devices were responsible for the first truly significant advances in the performance of these systems. Special attention is given to the problems associated with the propagation of photons, both in the presence and absence of obstacles, since these are key issues in gaining an understanding of future telecommunication systems based on wireless optics. Finally, the authors considwer standards, as well as safety and confidentiality issues.

Free Surface Flows (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences #391)

The book covers selected problems in free surface flows. The topics range from linear and nonlinear gravity and capillary waves, thin film dynamics, equilibrium shape, stability, and dynamics of capillary surfaces to thermal Marangoni effects in several geometries. The fluid dynamical problems are supplemented by a review Eulerian based computational methods.

Free Surface Flows and Transport Processes: 36th International School of Hydraulics (GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences)

This book contains the written, thoroughly reviewed versions of both invited lectures and regular presentations given at the 36th International School of Hydraulics, held at Jachranka in Poland on May 23–26, 2017. The contributions cover recent findings in the areas of mathematical modeling as well as experimental investigations related to free surface flows and pollution, sediment and heat transport processes in rivers. Better understanding of environmental flows requires cognition of physical, chemical and biological attributes of flowing water and therefore hydraulic research becomes strongly interdisciplinary field of science. The authors also realize that fundamental knowledge of environmental hydraulics problems is absolutely essential for planning and design of systems to manage water resources. Nowadays the readers face a rapid development of hydraulic research due to a boom in the computer sciences and measurement techniques and this is what this book is about. Eminent world leading experts in this field and young researchers from sixteen countries from all over the world contributed to this book.

Freedom 7: The Historic Flight of Alan B. Shepard, Jr. (Springer Praxis Books)

Inevitably, there are times in a nation’s history when its hopes, fears and confidence in its own destiny appear to hinge on the fate of a single person. One of these pivotal moments occurred on the early morning of May 5, 1961, when a 37-year-old test pilot squeezed himself into the confines of the tiny Mercury spacecraft that he had named Freedom 7. On that historic day, U.S. Navy Commander Alan Shepard carried with him the hopes, prayers, and anxieties of a nation as his Redstone rocket blasted free of the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, hurling him upwards on a 15-minute suborbital flight that also propelled the United States into the bold new frontier of human space exploration.This book tells the enthralling story of that pioeering flight as recalled by many of the participants in the Freedom 7 story, including Shepard himself, with anecdotal details and tales never before revealed in print.Although beaten into space just three weeks earlier by the Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, Alan Shepard’s history-making mission aboard Freedom 7 nevertheless provided America’s first tentative step into space that would one day see its Apollo astronauts – including Alan Shepard – walk on the Moon.

Freedom and Evolution: Hierarchy in Nature, Society and Science

The book begins with familiar designs found all around and inside us (such as the ‘trees’ of river basins, human lungs, blood and city traffic). It then shows how all flow systems are driven by power from natural engines everywhere, and how they are endlessly shaped because of freedom. Finally, Professor Bejan explains how people, like everything else that moves on earth, are driven by power derived from our “engines” that consume fuel and food, and that our movement dissipates the power completely and changes constantly for greater access, economies of scale, efficiency, innovation and life. Written for wide audiences of all ages, including readers interested in science, patterns in nature, similarity and non-uniformity, history and the future, and those just interested in having fun with ideas, the book shows how many “design change” concepts acquire a solid scientific footing and how they exist with the evolution of nature, society, technology and science.

Freefall: the explosive thriller (Pendulum Series 2) (Pendulum #2)

ONE RULE. TRUST NO-ONE.Adam Hamdy's debut PENDULUM was called 'one of the best thrillers of the year' by JAMES PATTERSON. This pulse-racing read is perfect for fans of Lee Child and Simon Kernick.'SO TENSE, YOU WILL BE BITING YOUR NAILS LONG BEFORE THE FINAL CHAPTER.' The Sun'FREEFALL IS A RELENTLESS, ADRENALINE-CHARGED THRILLER THAT GRIPS FROM THE FIRST PAGE' Daily Express---JOHN WALLACE IS A TARGETHiding off-grid after exposing the shadowy Pendulum conspiracy, Wallace is horrified to discover he is still marked for death.THERE ARE ONLY TWO PEOPLE HE CAN TRUSTDI Patrick Bailey is still reeling from the murder investigation that nearly cost him his life. FBI Agent Christine Ash is hunting a serial killer with a link to an unfinished caseHE MUST FIND THE TRUTHThe death of a London journalist triggers an investigation that brings them back together, hurling them into the path of an unknown enemy.BEFORE THE KILLER FINDS HIMHunted across the world, they are plunged into a nightmare deadlier than they could have ever imagined.---WHAT READERS ARE SAYING ABOUT FREEFALL:'This is a full on action packed, high octane adventure.' Goodreads Reviewer, 5 stars ' I was absolutely gripped' Goodreads Reviewer, 5 stars 'Edge of the seater thriller that keeps the action coming thick and fast' Goodreads Reviewer, 5 stars

Freeform Optics for LED Packages and Applications

A practical introduction to state-of-the-art freeform optics design for LED packages and applications By affording designers the freedom to create complex, aspherical optical surfaces with minimal or no aberrations, freeform design transcends the constraints imposed by hundreds of years of optics design and fabrication. Combining unprecedented design freedom with precise light irradiation control, freeform optics design is also revolutionizing the design and manufacture of high quality LED lighting. The first and only book of its kind, Freeform Optics for LED Packages and Applications helps put readers at the forefront of the freeform optics revolution. Designed to function as both an authoritative review of the current state of the industry and a practical introduction to advanced optical design for LED lighting, this book makes learning and mastering freeform optics skills simpler and easier than ever before with: Real-world examples and case studies systematically describing an array of algorithms and designs—from new freeform algorithms to design methods to advanced optical designs Coding for all freeform optics algorithms covered—makes it easier and more convenient to start developing points of freeform optics and construct lenses or reflectors, right away Case studies of a range of products, including designs for a freeform optics LED bulb, an LED spotlight, LED street lights, an LED BLU, and many more Freeform Optics for LED Packages and Applications is must-reading for optical design engineers and LED researchers, as well as advanced-level students with an interest in LED lighting. It is also an indispensable working resource design practitioners within the LED lighting industry.

Freeform Optics for LED Packages and Applications

A practical introduction to state-of-the-art freeform optics design for LED packages and applications By affording designers the freedom to create complex, aspherical optical surfaces with minimal or no aberrations, freeform design transcends the constraints imposed by hundreds of years of optics design and fabrication. Combining unprecedented design freedom with precise light irradiation control, freeform optics design is also revolutionizing the design and manufacture of high quality LED lighting. The first and only book of its kind, Freeform Optics for LED Packages and Applications helps put readers at the forefront of the freeform optics revolution. Designed to function as both an authoritative review of the current state of the industry and a practical introduction to advanced optical design for LED lighting, this book makes learning and mastering freeform optics skills simpler and easier than ever before with: Real-world examples and case studies systematically describing an array of algorithms and designs—from new freeform algorithms to design methods to advanced optical designs Coding for all freeform optics algorithms covered—makes it easier and more convenient to start developing points of freeform optics and construct lenses or reflectors, right away Case studies of a range of products, including designs for a freeform optics LED bulb, an LED spotlight, LED street lights, an LED BLU, and many more Freeform Optics for LED Packages and Applications is must-reading for optical design engineers and LED researchers, as well as advanced-level students with an interest in LED lighting. It is also an indispensable working resource design practitioners within the LED lighting industry.

Freeform Tools in CAD Systems: A Comparison

Freer Trade, Sustainability, and the Primary Production Sector in the Southern EU: Unraveling the Evidence from Greece (Economy & Environment #16)

Freer Trade, Sustainability, and the Primary Production Sector in the Southern European Union is the first full-scale academic work to cap­ ture the primary production sector policy aspects of trade liberaliza­ tion and sustainability with a detailed focus on a typical southern EU country, Greece. Many efforts were pooled together in making this book. In May 1996 the Department of Economics of the University of Crete organ­ ized an international conference on European Agriculture in the light of the recent WTO agreement and the need for sustainable develop­ ment. The conference was sponsored by the European Commission (DG XII, contract no ENV4-CT-96-6514), the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC, contract no L320263049), the Hellenic Ministries for Agriculture and for the Environment, and the University of Crete. While summarizing the conclusions of the conference, sev­ eral speakers felt that the issues relating to the Southern EU would de­ serve separate coverage. The conference directors judged that cover­ age of the issues for a single Southern EU country might have an ad­ vantage, regarding detail, over a cross country analysis which would certainly be welcome at a later stage. Responding to this call, the University of Crete generously reallo­ cated all of its infra-structural costs covered by DG XII, ESRC, and the other sponsors above, in the form of a new grant to host a follow-up conference aiming to explore the issues for Greece.

Freeway Traffic Modelling and Control (Advances in Industrial Control)

This monograph provides an extended overview of modelling and control approaches for freeway traffic systems, moving from the early methods to the most recent scientific results and field implementations. The concepts of green traffic systems and smart mobility are addressed in the book, since a modern freeway traffic management system should be designed to be sustainable. Future perspectives on freeway traffic control are also analysed and discussed with reference to the most recent technological advancements The most widespread modelling and control techniques for freeway traffic systems are treated with mathematical rigour, but also discussed with reference to their performance assessment and to the expected impact of their practical usage in real traffic systems. In order to make the book accessible to readers of different backgrounds, some fundamental aspects of traffic theory as well as some basic control concepts, useful for better understanding the addressed topics, are provided in the book. This monograph can be used as a textbook for courses on transport engineering, traffic management and control. It is also addressed to experts working in traffic monitoring and control areas and to researchers, technicians and practitioners of both transportation and control engineering. The authors’ systematic vision of traffic modelling and control methods developed over decades makes the book a valuable survey resource for freeway traffic managers, freeway stakeholders and transportation public authorities with professional interests in freeway traffic systems.Advances in Industrial Control reports and encourages the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.

Freeze Drying of Food Products: Fundamentals, Processes and Applications

FREEZE DRYING OF FOOD PRODUCTS An accessible guide to safely dehydrating food Freeze drying, or lyophilization, is a method for dehydrating food or other substances through the use of pressure instead of heat. This allows for the preservation and storage of high-value food products without altering their essential properties or causing a reduction in quality or value. For these reasons, freeze drying is the most reliable method for preserving and distributing high-quality products. Freeze Drying of Food Products provides a concise, accessible overview of freeze-drying techniques and their modern applications. Beginning with the basic principles and processes of freeze drying, it incorporates specific discussion of freeze-drying different categories of food products, before moving to an analysis of recent developments in freeze-drying technology. The result is a key publication in the fight to extend the shelf-life of food products and expand the distribution of high-quality freeze-dried foods. Freeze Drying of Food Products readers will also find: An editorial team with a wide range of pertinent research experienceDetailed discussion of different freeze-drying processes such as vacuum drying, atmospheric drying, and spray dryingCommercial applications of freeze-dried food products Freeze Drying of Food Products is ideal for researchers and industry professionals involved in food production, food distribution, or food biotechnology, as well as students studying these and other related fields.

Freeze Drying of Food Products: Fundamentals, Processes and Applications

FREEZE DRYING OF FOOD PRODUCTS An accessible guide to safely dehydrating food Freeze drying, or lyophilization, is a method for dehydrating food or other substances through the use of pressure instead of heat. This allows for the preservation and storage of high-value food products without altering their essential properties or causing a reduction in quality or value. For these reasons, freeze drying is the most reliable method for preserving and distributing high-quality products. Freeze Drying of Food Products provides a concise, accessible overview of freeze-drying techniques and their modern applications. Beginning with the basic principles and processes of freeze drying, it incorporates specific discussion of freeze-drying different categories of food products, before moving to an analysis of recent developments in freeze-drying technology. The result is a key publication in the fight to extend the shelf-life of food products and expand the distribution of high-quality freeze-dried foods. Freeze Drying of Food Products readers will also find: An editorial team with a wide range of pertinent research experienceDetailed discussion of different freeze-drying processes such as vacuum drying, atmospheric drying, and spray dryingCommercial applications of freeze-dried food products Freeze Drying of Food Products is ideal for researchers and industry professionals involved in food production, food distribution, or food biotechnology, as well as students studying these and other related fields.

Freeze Drying of Pharmaceutical Products (Advances in Drying Science and Technology)

Freeze Drying of Pharmaceutical Products provides an overview of the most recent and cutting-edge developments and technologies in the field, focusing on formulation developments and process monitoring and considering new technologies for process development. This book contains case studies from freeze dryer manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies for readers in industry and academia. It was contributed to by lyophilization experts to create a detailed analysis of the subject matter, organically presenting recent advancements in freeze-drying research and technology. It discusses formulation design, process optimization and control, new PAT-monitoring tools, multivariate image analysis, process scale-down and development using small-scale freeze-dryers, use of CFD for equipment design, and development of continuous processes. This book is for industry professionals, including chemical engineers and pharmaceutical scientists.

Freeze Drying of Pharmaceutical Products (Advances in Drying Science and Technology)

Freeze Drying of Pharmaceutical Products provides an overview of the most recent and cutting-edge developments and technologies in the field, focusing on formulation developments and process monitoring and considering new technologies for process development. This book contains case studies from freeze dryer manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies for readers in industry and academia. It was contributed to by lyophilization experts to create a detailed analysis of the subject matter, organically presenting recent advancements in freeze-drying research and technology. It discusses formulation design, process optimization and control, new PAT-monitoring tools, multivariate image analysis, process scale-down and development using small-scale freeze-dryers, use of CFD for equipment design, and development of continuous processes. This book is for industry professionals, including chemical engineers and pharmaceutical scientists.

Freezing Colloids: Applications in Materials Science, Life Science, Earth Science, Food Science, and Engineering (Engineering Materials and Processes)

This book presents a comprehensive overview of the freezing of colloidal suspensions and explores cutting-edge research in the field. It is the first book to deal with this phenomenon from a multidisciplinary perspective, and examines the various occurrences, their technological uses, the fundamental phenomena, and the different modeling approaches. Its chapters integrate input from fields as diverse as materials science, physics, biology, mathematics, geophysics, and food science, and therefore provide an excellent point of departure for anyone interested in the topic. The main content is supplemented by a wealth of figures and illustrations to elucidate the concepts presented, and includes a final chapter providing advice for those starting out in the field. As such, the book provides an invaluable resource for materials scientists, physicists, biologists, and mathematicians, and will also benefit food engineers, civil engineers, and materials processing professionals.

Freezing Effects on Food Quality

This work presents a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge regarding the influence of freezing, frozen storage and thawing of specific food-stuffs. It delineates how freezing processes alter the colour, appearance, palatability, nutritional value, intrinsic chemical reactions, microbiological safety and consumer acceptance of foods. The fundamental concepts upon which food-freezing technologies are based, are reviewed.

Freezing Effects on Food Quality

This work presents a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge regarding the influence of freezing, frozen storage and thawing of specific food-stuffs. It delineates how freezing processes alter the colour, appearance, palatability, nutritional value, intrinsic chemical reactions, microbiological safety and consumer acceptance of foods. The fundamental concepts upon which food-freezing technologies are based, are reviewed.

Freies Skizzieren ohne und nach Modell für Maschinenbauer: Ein Lehr- und Aufgabenbuch für den Unterricht

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.