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Fundamental Numerical Methods for Electrical Engineering (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #18)

Stormy development of electronic computation techniques (computer systems and software), observed during the last decades, has made possible automation of data processing in many important human activity areas, such as science, technology, economics and labor organization. In a broadly understood technology area, this developmentledtoseparationofspecializedformsofusingcomputersforthedesign and manufacturing processes, that is: – computer-aided design (CAD) – computer-aided manufacture (CAM) In order to show the role of computer in the rst of the two applications m- tioned above, let us consider basic stages of the design process for a standard piece of electronic system, or equipment: – formulation of requirements concerning user properties (characteristics, para- ters) of the designed equipment, – elaboration of the initial, possibly general electric structure, – determination of mathematical model of the system on the basis of the adopted electric structure, – determination of basic responses (frequency- or time-domain) of the system, on the base of previously established mathematical model, – repeated modi cation of the adopted diagram (changing its structure or element values) in case, when it does not satisfy the adopted requirements, – preparation of design and technological documentation, – manufacturing of model (prototype) series, according to the prepared docum- tation, – testing the prototype under the aspect of its electric properties, mechanical du- bility and sensitivity to environment conditions, – modi cation of prototype documentation, if necessary, and handing over the documentation to series production. The most important stages of the process under discussion are illustrated in Fig. I. 1. xi xii Introduction Fig. I.

Fundamental of Mathematical Tools for Thermal Modeling of Solar Thermal and Photo-voltaic Systems-Part-I

The textbook book discusses the basics required to understand various application of solar energy. It covers basic mathematical tools required to analyze any solar thermal (ST), photo-voltaic (PV), and photo-voltaic thermal (PVT) system. The book provides a platform for undergraduate, postgraduate, researchers, and entrepreneurs to optimize the basic parameters for best performance of any system based on solar energy. The book includes about 500 examples that the reader can use to better understand the subject.

Fundamental of Transport Phenomena and Metallurgical Process Modeling

This textbook presents the fundamental of transport phenomena and metallurgical process modeling in easy-to-understand format. It covers all the important and basic concepts, derivations and numerical problems for the undergraduate and graduate engineering students. It includes topics such as fluid dynamics, mass and momentum balances, mass transfer, basic concepts of models and applications. This textbook can also be used as a reference book by engineers, professionals and research scientists to gain better understanding on mass and heat balances. Given the contents, this textbook will be highly useful for the core course of transport phenomena in metallurgical processes for graduate and advanced graduate students in various engineering disciplines. This textbook will also serve as a refresher course for advanced graduate students who are engaged in research related to transport phenomena and metallurgical processes.

Fundamental Physics of Amorphous Semiconductors: Proceedings of the Kyoto Summer Institute Kyoto, Japan, September 8—11, 1980 (Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences #25)

The Kyoto Summer Institute 1980 (KSI '80), devoted to "Fundamental Physics of Amorphous Semiconductors", was held at Research Institute for Fundamental Physics (RIFP), Kyoto University, from 8-11 September, 1980. The KSI '80 was the successor of the preceding Institutes which were held in July 1978 on "Particle Physics and Accelerator Projects" and in September 1979 on "Physics of Low-Dimensional Systems". The KSI '80 was attended by 200 participants, of which 36 were from abroad: Canada, France, Korea, Poland, U.K., U.S.A, U.S.S.R., and the Federal Republic of Germany. The KSI '80 was organized by RIFP and directed by the Amorphous Semicon­ ductor group in Japan. A few years ago, we started to organize an interna­ tional meeting on amorphous semiconductors' as a satell ite meeting of the International Conference on "Physics of Semiconductors" held on September 1-5, 1980 in Kyoto. We later decided to hold the meeting in the form of the Kyoto Summer Institute. The Kyoto Summer Institute is aimed to be something between a school and a conference. Accordingly, the object of the KSI '80 was to provide a series of invited lectures and informal seminars on fundamental physics of amorphous semiconductors. No contributed paper was accepted, but seminars were open.

Fundamental Polymer Science (Graduate Texts in Physics)

This successor to the popular textbook, “Polymer Physics” (Springer, 1999), is the result of a quarter-century of teaching experience as well as critical comments from specialists in the various sub-fields, resulting in better explanations and more complete coverage of key topics. With a new chapter on polymer synthesis, the perspective has been broadened significantly to encompass polymer science rather than “just” polymer physics. Polysaccharides and proteins are included in essentially all chapters, while polyelectrolytes are new to the second edition. Cheap computing power has greatly expanded the role of simulation and modeling in the past two decades, which is reflected in many of the chapters. Additional problems and carefully prepared graphics aid in understanding. Two principles are key to the textbook’s appeal: 1) Students learn that, independent of the origin of the polymer, synthetic or native, the same general laws apply, and 2) students should benefit from the book without an extensive knowledge of mathematics. Taking the reader from the basics to an advanced level of understanding, the text meets the needs of a wide range of students in chemistry, physics, materials science, biotechnology, and civil engineering, and is suitable for both masters- and doctoral-level students. Praise for the previous edition: ...an excellent book, well written, authoritative, clear and concise, and copiously illustrated with appropriate line drawings, graphs and tables. - Polymer International ...an extremely useful book. It is a pleasure to recommend it to physical chemists and materials scientists, as well as physicists interested in the properties of polymeric materials. - Polymer News This valuable book is ideal for those who wish to get a brief background in polymer science as well as for those who seek a further grounding in the subject. - Colloid Polymer Science The solutions to the exercises are given in the final chapter, making it a well thought-out teaching text. - Polymer Science

Fundamental Principles for the Illumination of a Picture Gallery: Together with their Application to the Illumination of the Municipal Museum at the Hague

Fundamental Principles of Environmental Physics

This book is an interdisciplinary and accessible guide to environmental physics. It allows readers to gain a more complete understanding of physical process and their interaction with ecological ones underpin important environmental issues.The book covers a wide range of topics within environmental physics, including:• natural and anthropogenic canopies, including forests, urban or wavy terrains;• the fundamentals of heat transfer;• atmospheric flow dynamics;• global carbon budget;• climate change; and• the relevance of biochar as a global carbon sink.Including solved exercises, numerous illustrations and tables, as well as an entire chapter focused on applications, book is of interest to researchers, students and industrial engineers alike.

Fundamental Principles of Nuclear Engineering

This book highlights a comprehensive and detailed introduction to the fundamental principles related to nuclear engineering. As one of the most popular choices of future energy, nuclear energy is of increasing demand globally. Due to the complexity of nuclear engineering, its research and development as well as safe operation of its facility requires a wide scope of knowledge, ranging from basic disciplines such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, and thermodynamics to applied subjects such as reactor theory and radiation protection. The book covers all necessary knowledge in an illustrative and readable style, with a sufficient amount of examples and exercises. It is an easy-to-read textbook for graduate students in nuclear engineering and a valuable handbook for nuclear facility operators, maintenance personnel and technical staff.

Fundamental Principles of Optical Lithography: The Science of Microfabrication

The fabrication of an integrated circuit requires a variety of physical and chemical processes to be performed on a semiconductor substrate. In general, these processes fall into three categories: film deposition, patterning, and semiconductor doping. Films of both conductors and insulators are used to connect and isolate transistors and their components. By creating structures of these various components millions of transistors can be built and wired together to form the complex circuitry of modern microelectronic devices. Fundamental to all of these processes is lithography, ie, the formation of three-dimensional relief images on the substrate for subsequent transfer of the pattern to the substrate. This book presents a complete theoretical and practical treatment of the topic of lithography for both students and researchers. It comprises ten detailed chapters plus three appendices with problems provided at the end of each chapter. Additional Information: Visiting http://www.lithoguru.com/textbook/index.html enhances the reader's understanding as the website supplies information on how you can download a free laboratory manual, Optical Lithography Modelling with MATLAB®, to accompany the textbook. You can also contact the author and find help for instructors.

Fundamental Principles of Optical Lithography: The Science of Microfabrication

The fabrication of an integrated circuit requires a variety of physical and chemical processes to be performed on a semiconductor substrate. In general, these processes fall into three categories: film deposition, patterning, and semiconductor doping. Films of both conductors and insulators are used to connect and isolate transistors and their components. By creating structures of these various components millions of transistors can be built and wired together to form the complex circuitry of modern microelectronic devices. Fundamental to all of these processes is lithography, ie, the formation of three-dimensional relief images on the substrate for subsequent transfer of the pattern to the substrate. This book presents a complete theoretical and practical treatment of the topic of lithography for both students and researchers. It comprises ten detailed chapters plus three appendices with problems provided at the end of each chapter. Additional Information: Visiting http://www.lithoguru.com/textbook/index.html enhances the reader's understanding as the website supplies information on how you can download a free laboratory manual, Optical Lithography Modelling with MATLAB®, to accompany the textbook. You can also contact the author and find help for instructors.

Fundamental Principles of Polymeric Materials

New edition brings classic text up to date with the latest science, techniques, and applications With its balanced presentation of polymer chemistry, physics, and engineering applications, the Third Edition of this classic text continues to instill readers with a solid understanding of the core concepts underlying polymeric materials. Both students and instructors have praised the text for its clear explanations and logical organization. It begins with molecular-level considerations and then progressively builds the reader's knowledge with discussions of bulk properties, mechanical behavior, and processing methods. Following a brief introduction, Fundamental Principles of Polymeric Materials is divided into four parts: Part 1: Polymer Fundamentals Part 2: Polymer Synthesis Part 3: Polymer Properties Part 4: Polymer Processing and Performance Thoroughly Updated and Revised Readers familiar with the previous edition of this text will find that the organization and style have been updated with new material to help them grasp key concepts and discover the latest science, techniques, and applications. For example, there are new introductory sections on organic functional groups focusing on the structures found in condensation polymerizations. The text also features new techniques for polymer analysis, processing, and microencapsulation as well as emerging techniques such as atom transfer radical polymerization. At the end of each chapter are problems—including many that are new to this edition—to test the reader's grasp of core concepts as they advance through the text. There are also references leading to the primary literature for further investigation of individual topics. A classic in its field, this text enables students in chemistry, chemical engineering, materials science, and mechanical engineering to fully grasp and apply the fundamentals of polymeric materials, preparing them for more advanced coursework.

Fundamental Principles of Polymeric Materials

New edition brings classic text up to date with the latest science, techniques, and applications With its balanced presentation of polymer chemistry, physics, and engineering applications, the Third Edition of this classic text continues to instill readers with a solid understanding of the core concepts underlying polymeric materials. Both students and instructors have praised the text for its clear explanations and logical organization. It begins with molecular-level considerations and then progressively builds the reader's knowledge with discussions of bulk properties, mechanical behavior, and processing methods. Following a brief introduction, Fundamental Principles of Polymeric Materials is divided into four parts: Part 1: Polymer Fundamentals Part 2: Polymer Synthesis Part 3: Polymer Properties Part 4: Polymer Processing and Performance Thoroughly Updated and Revised Readers familiar with the previous edition of this text will find that the organization and style have been updated with new material to help them grasp key concepts and discover the latest science, techniques, and applications. For example, there are new introductory sections on organic functional groups focusing on the structures found in condensation polymerizations. The text also features new techniques for polymer analysis, processing, and microencapsulation as well as emerging techniques such as atom transfer radical polymerization. At the end of each chapter are problems—including many that are new to this edition—to test the reader's grasp of core concepts as they advance through the text. There are also references leading to the primary literature for further investigation of individual topics. A classic in its field, this text enables students in chemistry, chemical engineering, materials science, and mechanical engineering to fully grasp and apply the fundamentals of polymeric materials, preparing them for more advanced coursework.

Fundamental Principles of Radar

The important and fascinating topics of radar enjoy an extensive audience in industry and government but deserve more attention in undergraduate education to better prepare graduating engineers to meet the demands of modern mankind. Radar is not only one of the major applications of electronics and electromagnetic communications, but it is also a mature scientific discipline with significant theoretical and mathematical foundations that warrant an intellectual and educational challenge. Fundamental Principles of Radar is a textbook providing a first exposure to radar principles. It provides a broad concept underlying the basic principle of operations of most existing radar systems and maintains a good balance of mathematical rigor to convince readers without losing interest. The book provides an extensive exposition of the techniques currently being used for radar system design, analysis, and evaluation. It presents a comprehensive set of radar principles, including all features of modern radar applications, with their underlying derivations using simple mathematics. Coverage is limited to the main concepts of radar in order to present them in a systematic and organized fashion. Topics are treated not as abstruse and esoteric to the point of incomprehensibility, but the very complex and rich technology of radar is distilled into its fundamentals. The author’s emphasis is on clarity without sacrificing rigor and completeness, thus making the book broad enough to satisfy a variety of backgrounds and interests. Thorough documentation provides an unusual degree of completeness for a textbook at this level, with interesting and sometimes thought-provoking content to make the subject even more appealing. Key Features: Covers a wide range of topics in radar systems Includes examples and exercises to reinforce the concepts presented and explain their applications Provides self-contained chapters useful for readers seeking selective topics Provides broad concepts underlying the basic principles of operations of most types of radars in use today Includes documentation to lead to further reading of interesting concepts and applications

Fundamental Principles of Radar

The important and fascinating topics of radar enjoy an extensive audience in industry and government but deserve more attention in undergraduate education to better prepare graduating engineers to meet the demands of modern mankind. Radar is not only one of the major applications of electronics and electromagnetic communications, but it is also a mature scientific discipline with significant theoretical and mathematical foundations that warrant an intellectual and educational challenge. Fundamental Principles of Radar is a textbook providing a first exposure to radar principles. It provides a broad concept underlying the basic principle of operations of most existing radar systems and maintains a good balance of mathematical rigor to convince readers without losing interest. The book provides an extensive exposition of the techniques currently being used for radar system design, analysis, and evaluation. It presents a comprehensive set of radar principles, including all features of modern radar applications, with their underlying derivations using simple mathematics. Coverage is limited to the main concepts of radar in order to present them in a systematic and organized fashion. Topics are treated not as abstruse and esoteric to the point of incomprehensibility, but the very complex and rich technology of radar is distilled into its fundamentals. The author’s emphasis is on clarity without sacrificing rigor and completeness, thus making the book broad enough to satisfy a variety of backgrounds and interests. Thorough documentation provides an unusual degree of completeness for a textbook at this level, with interesting and sometimes thought-provoking content to make the subject even more appealing. Key Features: Covers a wide range of topics in radar systems Includes examples and exercises to reinforce the concepts presented and explain their applications Provides self-contained chapters useful for readers seeking selective topics Provides broad concepts underlying the basic principles of operations of most types of radars in use today Includes documentation to lead to further reading of interesting concepts and applications

Fundamental Problematic Issues in Turbulence (Trends in Mathematics)

A collection of contributions on a variety of mathematical, physical and engineering subjects related to turbulence. Topics include mathematical issues, control and related problems, observational aspects, two- and quasi-two-dimensional flows, basic aspects of turbulence modeling, statistical issues and passive scalars.

Fundamental Properties of Semiconductor Nanowires

This book covers virtually all aspects of semiconductor nanowires, from growth to related applications, in detail. First, it addresses nanowires’ growth mechanism, one of the most important topics at the forefront of nanowire research. The focus then shifts to surface functionalization: nanowires have a high surface-to-volume ratio and thus are well-suited to surface modification, which effectively functionalizes them. The book also discusses the latest advances in the study of impurity doping, a crucial process in nanowires. In addition, considerable attention is paid to characterization techniques such as nanoscale and in situ methods, which are indispensable for understanding the novel properties of nanowires. Theoretical calculations are also essential to understanding nanowires’ characteristics, particularly those that derive directly from their special nature as one-dimensional nanoscale structures. In closing, the book considers future applications of nanowire structures in devices such as FETs and lasers.

Fundamental Research in Electrical Engineering: The Selected Papers of The First International Conference on Fundamental Research in Electrical Engineering (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #480)

This volume presents the selected papers of the First International Conference on Fundamental Research in Electrical Engineering, held at Khwarazmi University, Tehran, Iran in July, 2017. The selected papers cover the whole spectrum of the main four fields of Electrical Engineering (Electronic, Telecommunications, Control, and Power Engineering).

Fundamental Research on Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete

Today research on creep and shrinkage of concrete is diversified to such a degree that specialists working in different areas sometimes find it difficult to understand one-another. Materials scientists are mainly interested in processes on a microstructural level but they do not necessarily understand the relevance of time dependent deformation in structural design. On the other hand engineers who apply simplified model laws in non-elastic structural analysis are not always in the position to judge the limitations implied in their approach. It is generally realized that further development can be stimulated by a more effective exchange of results and ideas among the different groups involved. In an attempt to bridge this obvious gap in September 1980 there was a Conference organized at Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne. The papers presented at this meeting covered the wide range starting with microstructural aspects and mechanisms and including constitutive modelling and structural creep analysis. These contributions together with summaries of two panel discussions are being published in this volume. All serious of the meeting have been introduced by invited lectures. These papers will be published in a special volume "Creep and Moisture Effects in Concrete". This special volume is rather to be a general survey of the different areas covered while the present conference proceedings provide a unique selection of research papers. Nowadays time-dependent deformation of concrete can be taken into consideration realistically by computerized structural analysis.

Fundamental Research on Nanomanufacturing (Reports of China’s Basic Research)

This book explores new principles and methods of nanomanufacturing based on physical/chemical effects through interdisciplinary research and reveals surface/interface effects and scale effects in processing, forming, modification, and cross-scale manufacturing at nanoscale and nanoscale precision. It is a summary of a major research project in the field of engineering and materials science of China, the “Fundamental Research of Nanomanufacturing”. It clarifies the evolution mechanism of material structure, establishes the accurate characterization and measurement method of nanomanufacturing process, develops some original nanomanufacturing processes and equipment, and provides theoretical basis for realizing the consistent batch process of nanomanufacturing. It reports a series of research breakthroughs in principles and methods of nano-precision manufacturing, nanoscale structure fabrication as well as efficient and multiscale fabrication of large area nanostructures.

The Fundamental Role of Teletraffic in the Evolution of Telecommunications Networks: Proceedings of the 14th International Teletraffic Congress - ITC 14, Antibes Juan-les-Pins, France, 6-10 June, 1994

The International Teletraffic Congress (ITC) is a recognized international organization taking part in the work of the International Telecommunications Union. The congress traditionally deals with the development of teletraffic theory and its applications to the design, planning and operation of telecommunication systems, networks and services. The contents of ITC 14 illustrate the important role of teletraffic in the current period of rapid evolution of telecommunication networks. A large number of papers address the teletraffic issues behind developments in broadband communications and ATM technology. The extension of possiblities for user mobility and personal communications together with the generalization of common channnel signalling and the provision of new intelligent network services are further extremely significant developments whose teletraffic implications are explored in a number of contributions. ITC 14 also addresses traditional teletraffic subjects, proposing enhancements to traffic engineering practices for existing circuit and packet switched telecommunications networks and making valuable original contributions to the fundamental mathematical tools on which teletraffic theory is based. The contents of these Proceedings accurately reflect the extremely wide scope of the ITC, extending from basic mathematical theory to day-to-day traffic engineering practices, and constitute the state of the art in 1994 of one of the fundamental telecommunications sciences.

Fundamental Spacecraft Dynamics and Control

An extensive text reference includes around an asteroid – a new and important topic Covers the most updated contents in spacecraft dynamics and control, both in theory and application Introduces the application to motion around asteroids – a new and important topic Written by a very experienced researcher in this area

Fundamental Spacecraft Dynamics and Control

An extensive text reference includes around an asteroid – a new and important topic Covers the most updated contents in spacecraft dynamics and control, both in theory and application Introduces the application to motion around asteroids – a new and important topic Written by a very experienced researcher in this area

Fundamental Structural Analysis

Significant changes have occurred in the approach to structural analysis over the last twenty years. These changes have been brought about by a more general understanding of the nature of the problem and the develop­ ment of the digital computer. Almost all s~ructural engineering offices throughout the world would now have access to some form of digital computer, ranging from hand-held programmable calculators through to the largest machines available. Powerful microcomputers are also widely available and many engineers and students have personal computers as a general aid to their work. Problems in structural analysis have now been formulated in such a way that the solution is available through the use of the computer, largely by what is known as matrix methods of structural analysis. It is interesting to note that such methods do not put forward new theories in structural analysis, rather they are a restatement of classical theory in a manner that can be directly related to the computer. This book begins with the premise that most structural analysis will be done on a computer. This is not to say that a fundamental understanding of structural behaviour is not presented or that only computer-based tech­ niques are given. Indeed, the reverse is true. Understanding structural behaviour is an underlying theme and many solution techniques suitable for hand computation, such as moment distribution, are retained. The most widely used method of computer-based structural analysis is the matrix stiffness method.

Fundamental Structural Analysis

A guide to both classical and matrix methods of structural analysis which attempts to assist the reader to understand efficient computer solutions, but also emphasizes the importance of understanding the principles behind these methods and of recognizing when a classical method is more appropriate.

Fundamental Studies of Shock-Driven Hydrodynamic Instabilities (Springer Theses)

This book illustrates the latest progress on the hydrodynamic instabilities induced by a shock wave, particularly RM (Richtmyer–Meshkov) instability. The hydrodynamic instabilities play crucial roles in various industrial and scientific fields, such as inertial confinement fusion, supersonic combustion, supernova explosion, etc. This book experimentally and theoretically explores the shock-driven instabilities of complex gas-gas and gas-liquid interfaces. The main difficulty in performing an experimental study on RM instability, especially in a shock-tube circumstance, lies in creating an idealized initial interface because the RM instability is extremely sensitive to the initial condition. This book introduces new experimental methods to generate shape-controllable two-dimensional gaseous interfaces, thickness-controllable gas layers, and water droplets embedded with a vapour bubble in the shock-tube experiments. It covers the latest experiments and theories on the shock-driven hydrodynamic instabilities of multi-mode, multi-layer, and multi-phase interfaces. It explores the effects of the mode-competition, interface-coupling, and phase-transition on interface evolution, respectively. This book establishes a universal nonlinear theory to predict the RM instability of a shocked multi-mode interface based on spectrum analysis. This book quantifies the effects of interface-coupling and reverberating waves on the hydrodynamic instabilities of a shocked multi-layer interface. This book provides the experimental studies of the interaction of a shock wave and a multi-phase droplet and proposes a modified Rayleigh-Plesset equation to predict the vapour bubble collapse inside a droplet.