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Gas Insulated Transmission Lines (Wiley - IEEE)

Gas-insulated transmission lines (GIL) is an established high voltage technology used when environmental or structural considerations restrict the use of overhead transmission lines. With an overview on the technical, economical and environmental impact and power system implications of GIL, this guide provides a complete understanding of its physical design, features and advantages. The author illustrates how to evaluate when GIL would be the best solution during the planning sequence and how to apply GIL in the electricity power network. Other key features include: operation and maintenance requirements with information on repair processes, duration, and different monitoring systems enabling the achievement of reliable and safe operation; a wide variety of realized applications from across the world over the past 35 years, illustrating typical fields of application through descriptions of real projects that the author has worked on; and future application possibilities in a smart transmission network, used for solving power transmission problems. This is an essential reference for engineers involved in planning and executing bulk power transmission projects overground, in tunnels or buried. It offers a concise summary of all areas of the subject and is the perfect aid for utility power engineers, consulting engineers and manufacturers worldwide.

Gas Insulated Transmission Lines (Wiley - IEEE)

Gas-insulated transmission lines (GIL) is an established high voltage technology used when environmental or structural considerations restrict the use of overhead transmission lines. With an overview on the technical, economical and environmental impact and power system implications of GIL, this guide provides a complete understanding of its physical design, features and advantages. The author illustrates how to evaluate when GIL would be the best solution during the planning sequence and how to apply GIL in the electricity power network. Other key features include: operation and maintenance requirements with information on repair processes, duration, and different monitoring systems enabling the achievement of reliable and safe operation; a wide variety of realized applications from across the world over the past 35 years, illustrating typical fields of application through descriptions of real projects that the author has worked on; and future application possibilities in a smart transmission network, used for solving power transmission problems. This is an essential reference for engineers involved in planning and executing bulk power transmission projects overground, in tunnels or buried. It offers a concise summary of all areas of the subject and is the perfect aid for utility power engineers, consulting engineers and manufacturers worldwide.

Gas Lasers (Optical Science and Engineering)

Lasers with a gaseous active medium offer high flexibility, wide tunability, and advantages in cost, beam quality, and power scalability. Gas lasers have tended to become overshadowed by the recent popularity and proliferation of semiconductor lasers. As a result of this shift in focus, details on modern developments in gas lasers are difficult to find. In addition, different types of gas lasers have unique properties that are not well-described in other references. Collecting expert contributions from authorities dealing with specific types of lasers, Gas Lasers examines the fundamentals, current research, and applications of this important class of laser.It is important to understand all types of lasers, from solid-state to gaseous, before making a decision for any application. This book fills in the gaps by discussing the definition and properties of gaseous media along with its fluid dynamics, electric excitation circuits, and optical resonators. From this foundation, the discussion launches into the basic physics, characteristics, applications, and current research efforts for specific types of gas lasers: CO lasers, CO2 lasers, HF/DF lasers, excimer lasers, iodine lasers, and metal vapor lasers. The final chapter discusses miscellaneous lasers not covered in the previous chapters.Collecting hard-to-find material into a single, convenient source, Gas Lasers offers an encyclopedic survey that helps you approach new applications with a more complete inventory of laser options.

Gas Lasers (Optical Science and Engineering)

Lasers with a gaseous active medium offer high flexibility, wide tunability, and advantages in cost, beam quality, and power scalability. Gas lasers have tended to become overshadowed by the recent popularity and proliferation of semiconductor lasers. As a result of this shift in focus, details on modern developments in gas lasers are difficult to find. In addition, different types of gas lasers have unique properties that are not well-described in other references. Collecting expert contributions from authorities dealing with specific types of lasers, Gas Lasers examines the fundamentals, current research, and applications of this important class of laser.It is important to understand all types of lasers, from solid-state to gaseous, before making a decision for any application. This book fills in the gaps by discussing the definition and properties of gaseous media along with its fluid dynamics, electric excitation circuits, and optical resonators. From this foundation, the discussion launches into the basic physics, characteristics, applications, and current research efforts for specific types of gas lasers: CO lasers, CO2 lasers, HF/DF lasers, excimer lasers, iodine lasers, and metal vapor lasers. The final chapter discusses miscellaneous lasers not covered in the previous chapters.Collecting hard-to-find material into a single, convenient source, Gas Lasers offers an encyclopedic survey that helps you approach new applications with a more complete inventory of laser options.

Gas-Lubricated Bearings of Gyroscopes: Course Held at the Department for General Mechanics, September – October 1970 (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences #43)

Gas Measurement Technology in Theory and Practice: Measuring Instruments, Sensors, Applications

The book describes the physical properties of gases and describes the different measuring methods and sensor principles for the analysis of gas mixtures. The use of gas sensors in different applications is shown by means of practical examples. These applications of the metrological detection of gases originate from many fields of engineering, in particular energy technology, food technology, process engineering, biotechnology, safety engineering, medical technology and environmental technology.This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Gasmesstechnik in Theorie und Praxis by Gerhard Wiegleb, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2017. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.

Gas Mixtures: Preparation and Control

Gas Mixtures provides practical suggestions and calculations for producing multicomponent test gas atmospheres. General topics addressed include sorbent evaluation, methods development, dosimeter testing, instrument calibration, atmospheric simulation, and gas analysis. Learn the tricks of the trade for producing gas mixtures over a wide range of concentrations using even the most difficult-to-handle materials. Gas Mixtures is a must for industrial hygienists, air pollution control specialists, analytical chemists, and others working in such areas as health and safety, air pollution, air cleaning, and respirator and carbon research.

Gas Mixtures: Preparation and Control

Gas Mixtures provides practical suggestions and calculations for producing multicomponent test gas atmospheres. General topics addressed include sorbent evaluation, methods development, dosimeter testing, instrument calibration, atmospheric simulation, and gas analysis. Learn the tricks of the trade for producing gas mixtures over a wide range of concentrations using even the most difficult-to-handle materials. Gas Mixtures is a must for industrial hygienists, air pollution control specialists, analytical chemists, and others working in such areas as health and safety, air pollution, air cleaning, and respirator and carbon research.

Gas Phase Nanoparticle Synthesis

Gas-Phase Pyrolytic Reactions: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Kinetics

Offers a physical organic chemistry and mechanistic perspective of the chemistry of thermal processes in the gas phase The book looks at all aspects of the chemical processing technique called gas-phase pyrolysis, including its methodology and reactors, synthesis, reaction mechanisms, structure, kinetics, and applications. It discusses combinations of pyrolytic reactors with physiochemical techniques, routes for and reactions for the synthesis of organic compounds, and the control of reaction rates. Gas-Phase Pyrolytic Reactions: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Kinetics starts with in-depth chapter coverage of static pyrolysis, dynamic flow pyrolysis, and analytical pyrolysis. It then examines synthesis and applications, including flash vacuum pyrolysis in organic synthesis, elimination of HX, elimination of CO and CO2, pyrolysis of Meldrum’s acid derivatives, and elimination of N2. A chapter on reaction mechanism comes next and includes coverage of retero-ene reaction and reactive intermediates. Following that are sections covering: structure/reactivity correlation, functional group & structural frame interconversions; gas-phase pyrolysis of hydrazones and phosphorus Ylides; and more. Deals with a growing area of chemistry and engineering interest that fits under the practices of green and sustainable chemistry Addresses several important aspects: methodology and reactors, synthesis, reaction mechanisms, structure, kinetics, and applications Reviews general methods of pyrolysis techniques Sets out the fundamentals and advantages of gas-phase pyrolysis in a way that illustrates its wide potential applications Gas-Phase Pyrolytic Reactions: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Kinetics will appeal to organic chemists, physical organic chemists, chemical engineers and anyone interested in green/sustainable chemistry, chemical synthesis, or process chemistry.

Gas-Phase Pyrolytic Reactions: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Kinetics

Offers a physical organic chemistry and mechanistic perspective of the chemistry of thermal processes in the gas phase The book looks at all aspects of the chemical processing technique called gas-phase pyrolysis, including its methodology and reactors, synthesis, reaction mechanisms, structure, kinetics, and applications. It discusses combinations of pyrolytic reactors with physiochemical techniques, routes for and reactions for the synthesis of organic compounds, and the control of reaction rates. Gas-Phase Pyrolytic Reactions: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Kinetics starts with in-depth chapter coverage of static pyrolysis, dynamic flow pyrolysis, and analytical pyrolysis. It then examines synthesis and applications, including flash vacuum pyrolysis in organic synthesis, elimination of HX, elimination of CO and CO2, pyrolysis of Meldrum’s acid derivatives, and elimination of N2. A chapter on reaction mechanism comes next and includes coverage of retero-ene reaction and reactive intermediates. Following that are sections covering: structure/reactivity correlation, functional group & structural frame interconversions; gas-phase pyrolysis of hydrazones and phosphorus Ylides; and more. Deals with a growing area of chemistry and engineering interest that fits under the practices of green and sustainable chemistry Addresses several important aspects: methodology and reactors, synthesis, reaction mechanisms, structure, kinetics, and applications Reviews general methods of pyrolysis techniques Sets out the fundamentals and advantages of gas-phase pyrolysis in a way that illustrates its wide potential applications Gas-Phase Pyrolytic Reactions: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Kinetics will appeal to organic chemists, physical organic chemists, chemical engineers and anyone interested in green/sustainable chemistry, chemical synthesis, or process chemistry.

Gas-Phase Synthesis of Nanoparticles

The first overview of this topic begins with some historical aspects and a survey of the principles of the gas aggregation method. The second part covers modifications of this method resulting in different specialized techniques, while the third discusses the post-growth treatment that can be applied to the nanoparticles. The whole is rounded off by a review of future perspectives and the challenges facing the scientific and industrial communities. An excellent resource for anyone working with the synthesis of nanoparticles, both in academia and industry.

Gas-Phase Synthesis of Nanoparticles

The first overview of this topic begins with some historical aspects and a survey of the principles of the gas aggregation method. The second part covers modifications of this method resulting in different specialized techniques, while the third discusses the post-growth treatment that can be applied to the nanoparticles. The whole is rounded off by a review of future perspectives and the challenges facing the scientific and industrial communities. An excellent resource for anyone working with the synthesis of nanoparticles, both in academia and industry.

Gas Pipeline Hydraulics

In your day-to-day planning, design, operation, and optimization of pipelines, wading through complex formulas and theories is not the way to get the job done. Gas Pipeline Hydraulics acts as a quick-reference guide to formulas, codes, and standards encountered in the gas industry. Based on the author's 30 years of experience in manufacturing and t

Gas Sensing Fundamentals (Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors #15)

This volume, which addresses various basic sensor principles, covers micro gravimetric sensors, semiconducting and nano tube sensors, calorimetric sensors and optical sensors. Furthermore, the authors discuss recent developments in the related sensitive layers including new properties of nano structured metal oxide layers. They provide in-depth insights into the unique chemistry and signal generation of copper oxide in percolating sensors and present a variety of applications of functional polymers made possible by proper imprinting.Highlights of the subjects covered include:• requirements for high-temperature sensors• carbon nano tube sensors• new sensing model for nanostructured In2O3• bio mimetic approach for semiconductor sensor-based systems• optical readout for inorganic and organic semiconductor sensors• concept of virtual multisensors to improve specificity and selectivity• calorimetric sensors for hydrogen peroxide detection• percolation effect-based sensors to implement dosimeters• imprinted polymer layers for bulk and surface acoustic wave sensors

Gas Sensors: Manufacturing, Materials, and Technologies (Emerging Materials and Technologies)

This book covers the whole range of gas sensing aspects starting from basics, synthesis, processing, characterization, and application developments. All sub-topics within the domain of gas sensors such as active materials, novel nanomaterials, working mechanisms, fabrication techniques, computational approach, and development of microsensors, and latest advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT) in gas sensors, and nanogenerators, are explained as well. Related manufacturing sections and proposed direction of future research are also reviewed. Features: Covers detailed state-of-the-art specific chemiresistive sensing materials. Presents novel nanomaterial platforms and concepts for resistive gas sensing. Reviews pertinent aspects of smart sensors and IoT sensing. Explains nanotechnology-enabled experimental findings, and future directions of smart gas sensing technology. Explores implication of latest advancements such as IoT in gas sensors, and nanogenerators. This book is aimed at academic researchers and professionals in sensors and actuators, nanotechnology, and materials science.

Gas Sensors: Manufacturing, Materials, and Technologies (Emerging Materials and Technologies)

This book covers the whole range of gas sensing aspects starting from basics, synthesis, processing, characterization, and application developments. All sub-topics within the domain of gas sensors such as active materials, novel nanomaterials, working mechanisms, fabrication techniques, computational approach, and development of microsensors, and latest advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT) in gas sensors, and nanogenerators, are explained as well. Related manufacturing sections and proposed direction of future research are also reviewed. Features: Covers detailed state-of-the-art specific chemiresistive sensing materials. Presents novel nanomaterial platforms and concepts for resistive gas sensing. Reviews pertinent aspects of smart sensors and IoT sensing. Explains nanotechnology-enabled experimental findings, and future directions of smart gas sensing technology. Explores implication of latest advancements such as IoT in gas sensors, and nanogenerators. This book is aimed at academic researchers and professionals in sensors and actuators, nanotechnology, and materials science.

Gas Sensors: Principles, Operation and Developments

There were two reasons that induced me to plan and to organize this book, the first was the lack of a text entirely devoted to the subject of gas sensors, notwithstanding some books devoted to the various kind of chemical sensors have recently been published. The second reason was the need of introducing the basic topics of gas detection mechanisms to a growing number of researchers active in research and development laboratories of industries and uni versities. The field of chemical sensors is indeed in fast and consistent growth, as it is proved by the increased number of participants to the congresses that were recently held on this subject, namely the Third Meeting on Chemical Sensors (September 24 - 26, 1990, Cleveland), Transducers' 91 (June 24 - 27, 1991, S. Francisco) and EUROSENSORS V (September 30 - October 3, 1991, Rome). Therefore, this book is mainly intended as a reference text for researchers with a MS degree in physics, chemistry and electrical engineering; it reports the last progresses in the R. & D. and in the technology of gas sensors. I choose to deal specifically with the topic of gas sensors because these devices show a very large number of applications in the domestic and industrial field and they are characterized by a great effort of research and development.

Gas Separation Membranes: Polymeric and Inorganic

This book describes the tremendous progress that has been made in the development of gas separation membranes based both on inorganic and polymeric materials. Materials discussed include polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon based materials, zeolites, as well as other materials, and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) in which the above novel materials are incorporated. This broad survey of gas membranes covers material, theory, modeling, preparation, characterization (for example, by AFM, IR, XRD, ESR, Positron annihilation spectroscopy), tailoring of membranes, membrane module and system design, and applications. The book is concluded with some perspectives about the future direction of the field.

Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Growth and Properties of Phosphorus Containing III-V Heterostructures (Springer Series in Materials Science #26)

The first book to present a unified treatment of hybrid source MBE and metalorganic MBE. Since metalorganic MBE permits selective area growth, the latest information on its application to the INP/GaInAs(P) system is presented. This system has been highlighted because it is one of rising importance, vital to optical communications systems, and has great potential for future ultra-highspeed electronics. The use of such analytical methods as high resolution x-ray diffraction, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, several photoluminescence methods, and the use of active devices for materials evaluation is shown in detail.

Gas Transport in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SpringerBriefs in Energy)

This book provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary research and emerging measurement technologies associated with gas transport in solid oxide fuel cells. Within these pages, an introduction to the concept of gas diffusion in solid oxide fuel cells is presented. This book also discusses the history and underlying fundamental mechanisms of gas diffusion in solid oxide fuel cells, general theoretical mathematical models for gas diffusion, and traditional and advanced techniques for gas diffusivity measurement.

Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Power Plants

This book covers the design, analysis, and optimization of the cleanest, most efficient fossil fuel-fired electric power generation technology at present and in the foreseeable future. The book contains a wealth of first principles-based calculation methods comprising key formulae, charts, rules of thumb, and other tools developed by the author over the course of 25+ years spent in the power generation industry. It is focused exclusively on actual power plant systems and actual field and/or rating data providing a comprehensive picture of the gas turbine combined cycle technology from performance and cost perspectives. Material presented in this book is applicable for research and development studies in academia and government/industry laboratories, as well as practical, day-to-day problems encountered in the industry (including OEMs, consulting engineers and plant operators).

Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Power Plants

This book covers the design, analysis, and optimization of the cleanest, most efficient fossil fuel-fired electric power generation technology at present and in the foreseeable future. The book contains a wealth of first principles-based calculation methods comprising key formulae, charts, rules of thumb, and other tools developed by the author over the course of 25+ years spent in the power generation industry. It is focused exclusively on actual power plant systems and actual field and/or rating data providing a comprehensive picture of the gas turbine combined cycle technology from performance and cost perspectives. Material presented in this book is applicable for research and development studies in academia and government/industry laboratories, as well as practical, day-to-day problems encountered in the industry (including OEMs, consulting engineers and plant operators).

Gas Turbine Combustion: Alternative Fuels and Emissions, Third Edition

Reflecting the developments in gas turbine combustion technology that have occurred in the last decade, Gas Turbine Combustion: Alternative Fuels and Emissions, Third Edition provides an up-to-date design manual and research reference on the design, manufacture, and operation of gas turbine combustors in applications ranging from aeronautical to po

Gas Turbine Design, Components and System Design Integration

This book written by a world-renowned expert with more than forty years of active gas turbine R&D experience comprehensively treats the design of gas turbine components and their integration into a complete system. Unlike many currently available gas turbine handbooks that provide the reader with an overview without in-depth treatment of the subject, the current book is concentrated on a detailed aero-thermodynamics, design and off-deign performance aspects of individual components as well as the system integration and its dynamic operation.This new book provides practicing gas turbine designers and young engineers working in the industry with design material that the manufacturers would keep proprietary. The book is also intended to provide instructors of turbomachinery courses around the world with a powerful tool to assign gas turbine components as project and individual modules that are integrated into a complete system. Quoting many statements by the gas turbine industry professionals, the young engineers graduated from the turbomachinery courses offered by the author, had the competency of engineers equivalent to three to four years of industrial experience.