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Mangroves and Halophytes: Restoration and Utilisation (Tasks for Vegetation Science #43)
by Helmut Lieth Brigitte Herzog Maxímo García SucreFocusing on Venezuela and Mexico, this edited volume from the International Society of Halophyte Utilisation (ISHU) explores the environmental issues facing South and Central America's coastal ecosystems, and discusses the uses of mangrove species and other halophytes in addressing issues of both coastal pollution and upland soil salinisation. The book presents a series of case studies and examines the economic potential of mangrove restoration and halophyte production.
Mangroves: Biodiversity, Livelihoods and Conservation
by Sudhir Chandra Das Pullaiah Thammineni Elizabeth C. AshtonThis contributory volume is a comprehensive collection on the mangrove forest eco-system and its ecology, the resources and potentials of mangroves, conservation efforts, mangrove eco-system services and threats to conservation. The book is an all-inclusive compilation on the status, conservation and future of mangroves. Mangroves are a unique ecosystem providing several ecosystem services. They are formed in the inter-tidal areas of large rivers and coastal islands. Mangroves thrives due to constant interaction with the terrestrial and marine ecosystem. These are the species dynamics, varying tidal amplitudes, plant succession, changing floral pattern of the channels of the estuary, the varying sediment transportation. There was 20% decline in mangrove forest area in the last 25 years due mainly to conversion and coastal development. Lengthy recovery periods required for the degraded mangrove forests. Hence there is an urgent need to take stock of the updated information on these mangroves at global level. It is of immense value to scientific community involved in teaching, research and extension activities related to mangrove conservation.
Manifold Learning: Model Reduction in Engineering (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by David Ryckelynck Fabien Casenave Nissrine AkkariThis Open Access book reviews recent theoretical and numerical developments in nonlinear model order reduction in continuum mechanics, being addressed to Master and PhD students, as well as to researchers, lecturers and instructors. The aim of the authors is to provide tools for a better understanding and implement reduced order models by using: physics-based models, synthetic data forecast by these models, experimental data and deep learning algorithms. The book involves a survey of key methods of model order reduction applied to model-based engineering and digital twining, by learning linear or nonlinear latent spaces.Projection-based reduced order models are the projection of mechanical equations on a latent space that have been learnt from both synthetic data and experimental data. Various descriptions and representations of structured data for model reduction are presented in the applications and survey chapters. Image-based digital twins are developed in a reduced setting. Reduced order models of as-manufactured components predict the mechanical effects of shape variations. A similar workflow is extended to multiphysics or coupled problems, with high dimensional input fields. Practical techniques are proposed for data augmentation and also for hyper-reduction, which is a key point to speed up projection-based model order reduction of finite element models.The book gives access to python libraries available on gitlab.com, which have been developed as part of the research program [FUI-25] MORDICUS funded by the French government. Similarly to deep learning for computer vision, deep learning for model order reduction circumvents the need to design parametric problems prior reducing models. Such an approach is highly relevant for image-base modelling or multiphysics modelling.
Manifolds and Modular Forms (Aspects of Mathematics #20)
by Friedrich Hirzebruch Thomas Berger Rainer JungThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to the theory of elliptic genera due to Ochanine, Landweber, Stong, and others. The theory describes a new cobordism invariant for manifolds in terms of modular forms. The book evolved from notes of a course given at the University of Bonn. After providing some background material elliptic genera are constructed, including the classical genera signature and the index of the Dirac operator as special cases. Various properties of elliptic genera are discussed, especially their behaviour in fibre bundles and rigidity for group actions. For stably almost complex manifolds the theory is extended to elliptic genera of higher level. The text is in most parts self-contained. The results are illustrated by explicit examples and by comparison with well-known theorems. The relevant aspects of the theory of modular forms are derived in a seperate appendix, providing also a useful reference for mathematicians working in this field.
Manipulating Anisotropic Transport and Superconductivity by Focused Ion Beam Microstructuring (Springer Theses)
by Maja D. BachmannThis thesis presents pioneering work in the relatively new field of focused ion beam (FIB) sculpting of single crystals to produce bespoke devices and enable the investigation of physics that cannot be studied in bulk samples. It begins with a comprehensive and didactic account of how to achieve this sculpting, revealing the ‘tricks of the trade’ of state-of-the-art FIB microstructuring. In subsequent chapters, the author presents ground-breaking results obtained from microstructures of the delafossite oxide metal PdCoO2 and the heavy fermion superconductor CeIrIn5. In these elegant, forefront experiments, a new form of directional ballistic transport in the ultra-pure delafossites is described and explained. Furthermore, a new way to spatially modulate superconductivity induced by strain is demonstrated with electrical transport measurements that agree well with predictions based on thermoelastic finite element simulations.
Manipulating Quantum Coherence in Solid State Systems (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry #244)
by Michael E. Flatté Ionel TifreaThis book features the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute "Manipulating Quantum Coherence in Solid State Systems", held in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, August 2005, which presented a fundamental introduction to solid-state approaches to achieving quantum computation. This proceedings volume describes the properties of quantum coherence in semiconductor spin-based systems and the behavior of quantum coherence in superconducting systems.
Manipulation and Control of Jets in Crossflow (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences #439)
by Ann R. Karagozian Luca Cortelezzi Alfredo SoldatiFundamental Non-Reactive Jets in Crossflow and Other Jet Systems; Background on Modeling, Dynamical Systems, and Control; Reactive Jets in Crossflow and Multiphase Jets; Controlled Jets in Crossflow and Control via Jet Systems;
Manipulation of Multiphase Materials for Touch-less Nanobiotechnology: A Pyrofluidic Platform (Springer Theses)
by Sara CoppolaThe thesis presents an original and smart way to manipulate liquid and polymeric materials using a “pyro-fluidic platform” which exploits the pyro-electric effect activated onto a ferroelectric crystal. It describes a great variety of functionalities of the pyro-electrohydrodynamic platform, such as droplet self-assembling and dispensing, for manipulating multiphase liquids at the micro- and nanoscale. The thesis demonstrates the feasibility of non-contact self-assembling of liquids in plane (1D) using a micro engineered crystal, improving the dispensing capability and the smart transfer of material between two different planes (2D) and controlling and fabricating three-dimensional structures (3D).The thesis present the fabrication of highly integrated and automated ‘lab-on-a-chip’ systems based on microfluidics. The pyro-platform presented herein offers the great advantage of enabling the actuation of liquids in contact with a polar dielectric crystal through an electrode-less configuration. The simplicity and flexibility of the method for fabricating 3D polymer microstructures shows the great potential of the pyro-platform functionalities, exploitable in many fields, from optics to biosensing. In particular, this thesis reports the fabrication of optically active elements, such as nanodroplets, microlenses and microstructures, which have many potential applications in photonics.The capability for manipulating the samples of interest in a touch-less modality is very attractive for biological and chemical assays. Besides controlling cell growth and fate, smart micro-elements could deliver optical stimuli from and to cells monitoring their growth in real time, opening interesting perspectives for the realization of optically active scaffolds made of nanoengineered functional elements, thus paving the way to fascinating Optogenesis Studies.
Manipulation of Near Field Propagation and Far Field Radiation of Surface Plasmon Polariton (Springer Theses)
by Lin LiThis book mainly focuses on the study of steering electromagnetic fields in near-field and far-field contexts involving plasmonic structures. It also offers a new approach to achieving full control of optical polarizations and potentially boosting the development in photonic information processing. A new in-plane phase modulation method is proposed and described, by means of which a series of optical beams were realized with nanostructures in metal surfaces, such as a plasmonic Airy beam, broad band focusing beam, and demultiplexing, collimated beam, as well as an optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam. Further, the book presents a plasmonic polarization generator, which can reconfigure an input polarization to all kinds of states simultaneously.
Manipulation of Sound Properties by Acoustic Metasurface and Metastructure (Springer Theses)
by Jiajun ZhaoThis thesis focuses on the manipulation of sound properties by artificial materials. It elaborates on the fundamental design of acoustic metasurfaces and metastructures as the extension of metamaterials, and their functionality in the manipulation of sound properties. A broad and comprehensive guideline of designing acoustic metasurfaces and metastructures is also provided. Based on the proposed subwavelength metasurfaces and the metastructures with a simplified layout, multiple potential applications are demonstrated. This thesis will appeal to acoustic engineers and researchers who are interested in designing acoustic artificial structures.
Manipulation of Surface Waves through Metasurfaces (Springer Theses)
by Mario Junior MencagliThis book presents innovative ideas and technical contributions in the area of metasurfaces and antenna technologies. On the one hand, it presents an effective method to analyze metasurfaces constituted by metallic texture with certain geometries. It shows how this method can be applied to the design of metasurface (MTS) antennas for deep space communications and other planar microwave devices. On the other hand, the book reports on a general methodology developed for analyzing flat devices realized by using modulated MTSs, which opens new design possibilities for a large number of microwave devices based on the manipulation of SWs. Finally, a novel approach of reconfigurability, which is based on a class of checkerboard MTS, is explored. All in all, this book covers important insights and significant results on the emerging topic of metasurfaces, from theoretical and computational aspects to experiments.
Manipulation von Abgaswerten: Technische, gesundheitliche, rechtliche und politische Hintergründe des Abgasskandals
by Kai BorgeestDieses kleine Buch stellt Hintergründe zum Abgasskandal dar, z. B. welche Schadstoffe kritisch sind, wie Motorsteuergeräte, Abgasrückführung und Abgasnachbehandlung funktionieren, mit welchen Fahrzyklen getestet wird, wie Manipulationen auf dem Prüfstand möglich sind und politischen Umfeld dies lange Zeit unbemerkt mit unterschiedlichen Konsequenzen in der EU und den USA geschehen konnte. Es werden Maßnahmen vorgestellt, mit denen Fahrzeuge auch real gesetzliche Grenzwerte einhalten können und wie Manipulationen zukünftig rechtlich und politisch verhindert werden können. Dem Leser werden durch Literaturhinweise zusätzliche Details erschlossen.
Manipulation von Abgaswerten: Technische, gesundheitliche, rechtliche und politische Hintergründe des Abgasskandals
by Kai BorgeestDieses kleine Buch stellt Hintergründe zum Abgasskandal dar, z. B. welche Schadstoffe kritisch sind, wie Motorsteuergeräte, Abgasrückführung und Abgasnachbehandlung funktionieren, wie Manipulationen auf dem Prüfstand möglich sind, mit welchen Fahrzyklen getestet wird und in welchem rechtlichen und politischen Umfeld dies lange Zeit unbemerkt mit unterschiedlichen Konsequenzen in der EU und den USA geschehen konnte. Es werden Maßnahmen vorgestellt, mit denen Fahrzeuge auch real gesetzliche Grenzwerte einhalten können und wie Manipulationen zukünftig rechtlich und politisch verhindert werden können. Dem Leser werden durch Literaturhinweise zusätzliche Details erschlossen.
Manipulation von Abgaswerten: Technische, gesundheitliche, rechtliche und politische Hintergründe des Abgasskandals
by Kai BorgeestDieses kleine Buch stellt Hintergründe zum Abgasskandal dar, z. B. welche Schadstoffe kritisch sind, wie Motorsteuergeräte, Abgasrückführung und Abgasnachbehandlung funktionieren, wie Manipulationen auf dem Prüfstand möglich sind, mit welchen Fahrzyklen getestet wird und in welchem rechtlichen und politischen Umfeld dies lange Zeit unbemerkt mit unterschiedlichen Konsequenzen in der EU und den USA geschehen konnte. Es werden Maßnahmen vorgestellt, mit denen Fahrzeuge auch real gesetzliche Grenzwerte einhalten können und wie Manipulationen zukünftig rechtlich und politisch verhindert werden können. Dem Leser werden durch Literaturhinweise zusätzliche Details erschlossen.
Manipulatorpraxis: Manuell geführte Handhabungssysteme
by Stefan Hesse Heinz Schmidt Uwe SchmidtDas Buch behandelt mechanisierte und teilautomatisierte Geräte zur Handhabung, insbesondere für das Heben und Manipulieren von Lasten, wie es im betrieblichen Produktionsalltag und beim Umschlag von Gütern vorkommt. Diese Geräte zählen zu den Manipulatoren. Es werden im Buch jene Geräte ausführlich besprochen, die in der Industrie (Automobilbau, Maschinenbau, Chemie, Pharmazie, Lebensmittelindustrie, Elektrotechnik, Handwerk u. a.) eingesetzt werden. Das Buch ist eine ausführliche und an der Praxis orientierte Hilfe, mit der sich Praktiker in der Fertigungs- und Transporttechnik in das Gebiet der industriellen Manipulatortechnik einarbeiten können.
Man–Machine–Environment System Engineering: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on MMESE (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #456)
by Shengzhao Long Balbir S. DhillonThese proceedings showcase the best papers selected from more than 500 submissions, introducing readers to the top research topics and the latest developmental trends in the theory and application of Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering (MMESE). This research topic was first established in China by Professor Shengzhao Long in 1981, with direct support from one of the greatest modern Chinese scientists, Xuesen Qian. In a letter to Shengzhao Long from October 22nd, 1993, Xuesen Qian wrote: “You have created a very important modern science and technology in China!” MMESE primarily focuses on the relationship between Man, Machine and Environment, studying the optimum combination of related Man-Machine-Environment systems. In this paradigm, “Man” refers to working people as the subject at the workplace (e.g. operators, decision-makers); “Machine” is the general name for any object controlled by Man (including tools, machinery, computers, systems and technologies), and “Environment” describes the specific working conditions under which Man and Machine interact (e.g. temperature, noise, vibration, hazardous gases etc.). In turn, the three goals of optimization are to ensure safety, efficiency and economy in this context. These proceedings present interdisciplinary studies on the concepts and methods of physiology, psychology, system engineering, computer science, environmental science, management, education, and other related disciplines. They offer a valuable resource for all researchers and professionals whose work involves interdisciplinary areas touching on MMESE subjects.
Man–Machine–Environment System Engineering: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on MMESE (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #576)
by Shengzhao Long Balbir S. DhillonThese proceedings showcase the best papers selected from more than 500 submissions, and introduce readers to the latest research topics and developmental trends in the theory and application of MMESE. The integrated research topic Man–Machine–Environment System Engineering (MMESE) was first established in China by Professor Shengzhao Long in 1981, with direct support from one of the greatest modern Chinese scientists, Xuesen Qian. In a letter to Long from October 22nd, 1993, Qian wrote: “You have created a very important modern science and technology in China!”MMESE studies the optimum combination of man–machine–environment systems. In this system, “man” refers to the people in the workplace (e.g. operators, decision-makers); “machine” is the general name for any object controlled by man (including tools, machinery, computers, systems and technologies), and “environment” describes the specific working conditions under which man and machine interact (e.g. temperature, noise, vibration, hazardous gases, etc.). The three main goals of optimizing man–machine–environment systems are to ensure safety, efficiency and economy.These proceedings present interdisciplinary studies on concepts and methods from physiology, psychology, system engineering, computer science, environmental science, management, education, and other related disciplines. They offer a valuable resource for all researchers and professionals whose work involves interdisciplinary areas touching on MMESE subjects.
Manned Spacecraft Technologies (Space Science and Technologies)
by Hong YangThis book offers essential information on China’s human spacecraft technologies, reviewing their evolution from theoretical and engineering perspectives. It discusses topics such as the design of manned spaceships, cargo spacecraft, space laboratories, space stations and manned lunar and Mars detection spacecraft. It also addresses various key technologies, e.g. for manned rendezvous, docking and reentry.The book is chiefly intended for researchers, graduate students and professionals in the fields of aerospace engineering, control, electronics & electrical engineering, and related areas.
Manned Spaceflight Log II—2006–2012 (Springer Praxis Books #158)
by David J. Shayler Michael D. Shayler“Manned Spaceflight Log” discusses over 40 recent spaceflights from September 2006 through September 2012, a time of great change in human spaceflight history. Following on from “Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log 1961-2006,” the authors continue the story until the end of September 2012, with new chapters detailing the development and accomplishments of human spaceflight, expanded tables and additional photographs, many in color, throughout. The book opens with a new foreword by Colonel Alfred M. Worden, USAF Retired, NASA Astronaut and CMP of Apollo 15, which reflects on the changing history of human spaceflight and the prospects for future operations. The first chapter explains how human spaceflight has approached the different challenges of exploring space and provided the hardware to meet those challenges. This chapter also describes the various attempts to reach orbital flight and the often confusing distinction between ballistic, sub-orbital, and so-called ‘astro-flights’ of the X-15 rocket research aircraft program. Chapter 2 recalls key historic moments and missions across five decades of human spaceflight. Each decade has provided useful lessons for the next and a foundation for future achievement. The new mission entries are collected in the third section in chronological order. A review of the next steps in human spaceflight, including plans to occupy the International Space Station well into the 2020s and the growth of the Chinese manned space program including a large space station and planned base on the Moon, is discussed in Chapter 4. The tables provide a complete up-to-date overview of human spaceflight operations and experience from April 1961 to September 2012 and a selected chronology of important milestones from those years. Completing the book is a comprehensive bibliography that lists all the major Springer-Praxis human spaceflight titles and other important works that provide the reader with a resource to continue further research.
Manoeuvring: At Close Quarters Under Power
by Bill JohnsonThis is a unique, practical, hands-on guide to boat manoeuvring.Manoeuvring a yacht under engine at close quarters in a marine of closeto other (expensive!) boats can be a daunting prospect for theinexperienced skipper - but it has to be done in order to take yourboat off a pontoon to go sailing, and to berth her after a day on thewater. Throw in fast flowing tides, and wind which might blow from thebow or beam or stern, and the exercise becomes even more of a lottery -even for the experienced boat handler.Here at last is a well organised visual guide to coping in everypossible combination of wind and tide. Laid out in a very clearfashion, with one manoeuvre per page and in a handy wiro format, thisis the ideal teach yourself guide, and the perfect on-board aidememoire. It will be a godsend to every nervous helmsman, and a goodtalking point for crew!
Manoeuvring: At Close Quarters Under Power
by Bill JohnsonThis is a unique, practical, hands-on guide to boat manoeuvring.Manoeuvring a yacht under engine at close quarters in a marine of closeto other (expensive!) boats can be a daunting prospect for theinexperienced skipper - but it has to be done in order to take yourboat off a pontoon to go sailing, and to berth her after a day on thewater. Throw in fast flowing tides, and wind which might blow from thebow or beam or stern, and the exercise becomes even more of a lottery -even for the experienced boat handler.Here at last is a well organised visual guide to coping in everypossible combination of wind and tide. Laid out in a very clearfashion, with one manoeuvre per page and in a handy wiro format, thisis the ideal teach yourself guide, and the perfect on-board aidememoire. It will be a godsend to every nervous helmsman, and a goodtalking point for crew!
Manprint: An Approach to Systems Integration
by H.R. BooherPERSPECTIVE This book is important to everyone concerned with the design and development of people-oriented systems. The Manpower and Personnel Integration (MANPRINT) program is a major military system procurement initiative adopted by the Army to focus on the needs and capabilities of the soldier. This program is unique in that it integrates six areas of user concerns which include human factors engineering, manpower, personnel, training, health hazards, and system safety throughout the development cycle of Army materiel. Even though MAN PRINT was developed for Army systems, the philosophy and techniques used in this program extend well beyond military systems used by soldiers. It can be applied to all products and systems used by people such as automobiles, airplanes, boats, control rooms, automated manufacturing, telecommunications, computers, and medical equipment. Interestingly, the impetus for MAN PRINT came from the senior managers who buy these systems. During the early and mid-1980s, two Army generals, M. R. Thurman and R. M. Elton, who served successively as the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, were instrumental in fostering MANPRINT development. By the end of the 1980s, this program was integrated throughout the standard procurement system of the Army. The formal statement of acquisition policy is contained in Army Regulation 602-2.
Mantle Plumes
by Yu P. OrovetskiiSeveral aspects of interpretation of geophysical data applied to the study of tectonics, geodynamics, metamorphism and magmatism are discussed. Deep-level geophysical data has revealed a new class of physical inhomogeneities in the lithosphere of various regions of diverse ages around the world.
Mantle Plumes
by Yu P. OrovetskiiSeveral aspects of interpretation of geophysical data applied to the study of tectonics, geodynamics, metamorphism and magmatism are discussed. Deep-level geophysical data has revealed a new class of physical inhomogeneities in the lithosphere of various regions of diverse ages around the world.
A Manual for Agribusiness Value Chain Analysis in Developing Countries
by Dr Benjamin Dent Professor Ray CollinsValue Chain Analysis (VCA) diagnoses the current state of a value chain and makes recommendations to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. Applying VCA in developing countries is very often subject to limited time and funding. This manual shows how VCA principles can be applied under such circumstances. It explains how to undertake an affordable VCA that still generates valid data and so produces recommendations that will have impact. The manual has four parts: Part 1: Our Approach to Value Chain Thinking - sets out the principles and practice of taking a value chain approach. Part 2: Conducting Value Chain Analysis - covers planning a VCA, conducting consumer research, interviewing, analysing, creating recommendations and reporting. Part 3: Case Studies - illustrates successful VCAs with case studies e.g. Ghanaian pineapples and Kenyan indigenous chicken. Part 4: Further Reading and Biographies The practical style and content will make this manual accessible to a wide audience: NGO practitioners; government policymakers and extension officers; private sector managers and consultants; and academics for teaching and researching.