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Aromatic and Medicinal Plants of Drylands and Deserts: Ecology, Ethnobiology, and Potential Uses (Exploring Medicinal Plants)

The description and analysis of the Mexican and other countries desertic plants from the point of view of their use in traditional medicine and their potential use in integrative medicine is the overall theme of this book. Aromatic and Medicinal Plants of Drylands and Deserts: Ecology, Ethnobiology and Potential Uses describes the historic use of drylands plants, botanical and geological classification, also describes the endemic plants used in traditional medicine, going through the most relevant aspects of biomedicine and integrative medicine. The chemical and bioactive compounds from desertic medicinal and aromatic plants and the analytic techniques to determine chemical and bioactive compounds from the medicinal and aromatic plants are reviewed. Ethnobiology is detailed in the present book as well as the importance of the integrative medicine for the ancient and actual cultures. The book represents an effort to keep the ethnobiological knowledge of communities for the use of traditional desertic plants with the actual analytical techniques to unveil the chemical molecules responsible of the biological or biomedical applications. Features: • Describes the endemic plants used in traditional medicine • Includes the chemical and bioactive compounds from desertic medicinal plants • Addresses the analytic techniques to determine chemical and bioactive compounds • Represents an effort to keep the ethnobiological knowledge of communities To execute this book, there are collaborations by authors from different institutions in northern Mexico, which is where the arid and semi-arid ecosystems of the country are found. Although the subject of medicinal plants has been treated from different angles, this book offers a holistic and comprehensive vision of these important organisms of the Mexican desert, thus resulting in an updated work for specialized readers and for those who are beginning in this exciting theme.

Aromatic C-nitroso Compounds

This book is designed to collect and review the research covering main directions in investigations of aromatic nitroso compounds in last decades, and to present both, the academic aspects of this chemistry, as well as the open field of its applicability. The book is divided in five chapters. The basic structural properties of the nitroso aromatic molecules are described in the first chapter. The second chapter is an overview of the methods of preparations of aromatic nitroso and polynitroso compounds, including classical synthetic methods and some new preparative approaches. The third part deals with the physico-chemical properties of nitroso aromates and azodioxides, its structure, crystallography, quantum chemical calculations, spectroscopy, typical reactions, and especially it is focused on the dimerizations in the solid-state. In the fourth chapter is represented organometallic chemistry of nitroso aromatic molecules and its applications in catalysis. The last part of the book deals with the behavior of this class of compounds in the biological systems, reactions with biomolecules and the use in toxicology.

Aromatic C(sp2)−H Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions: Heterocycles Synthesis

This comprehensive text covers the research and development trends in the growing field of aromatic C–H dehydrogenative coupling reactions, leading to different types of heterocycles. The author provides answers to how these coupling reactions occur, what kinds of heterocycles are synthesized, and what their advantages are. The palladium-, rhodium-, iridium-, copper-, cobalt-, ruthenium-, and ferric-catalyzed aromatic C(sp2)–H dehydrogenative cross-coupling reactions are described in detail. A useful reference source for researchers and graduates in the field of heterocyclic chemistry and transition-metal-catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling reactions. Features: Comprehensive volume on the synthesis of benzo-heterocycles via aromatic C(sp2)–H bond activation. Heterocycles are of paramount importance to medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Provides a comprehensive literature survey on the construction of heterocycles. Reaction procedures and mechanistic explanations are included, which will appeal to those in fine chemicals and pharmaceutical companies.

Aromatic C(sp2)−H Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions: Heterocycles Synthesis

This comprehensive text covers the research and development trends in the growing field of aromatic C–H dehydrogenative coupling reactions, leading to different types of heterocycles. The author provides answers to how these coupling reactions occur, what kinds of heterocycles are synthesized, and what their advantages are. The palladium-, rhodium-, iridium-, copper-, cobalt-, ruthenium-, and ferric-catalyzed aromatic C(sp2)–H dehydrogenative cross-coupling reactions are described in detail. A useful reference source for researchers and graduates in the field of heterocyclic chemistry and transition-metal-catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling reactions. Features: Comprehensive volume on the synthesis of benzo-heterocycles via aromatic C(sp2)–H bond activation. Heterocycles are of paramount importance to medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Provides a comprehensive literature survey on the construction of heterocycles. Reaction procedures and mechanistic explanations are included, which will appeal to those in fine chemicals and pharmaceutical companies.

Aromatic Hydroxyketones: Vol.1: Hydroxybenzophenones Vol.2: Hydroxyacetophenones I Vol.3: Hydroxyacetophenones II Vol.4: Hydroxypropiophenones, Hydroxyisobutyrophenones, Hydroxypivalophenones and Derivatives

In four volumes, Aromatic Hydroxyketones provides detailed information on the physical properties and syntheses of 6,000 hydroxyketones. Each entry includes basic identification information, including the Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number, molecule name, molecular formula, and molecular weight. This resource provides a powerful tool for the synthesis of intermediates of specialty polymers, pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals.

Aromatic Hydroxyketones: Aromatic Hydroxyketones from Butanone (C4) to Dotriacontanone (C32)

An important resource for the synthesis of intermediates of specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Aromatic Hydroxyketones from Butanone to Dotriacontanone provides the reader with exhaustive information covering structure, preparation, physicochemical characteristics, as well as a related bibliography. The handbook is presented in dictionary style, with a logical classification of the ketones, making the information easily available for consultation. The book is aimed at those working in research, development and production applications in various industries (chemistry, pharmacy, cosmetics, paints and perfumes).

Aromatic Plants: Basic and Applied Aspects (World Crops: Production, Utilization and Description #7)

The use of aromatic plants has been practised since ancient times as is evidenced by records of Chinese, Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Greek and Roman origin; recent findings in Pakistan prove that it goes as far back as 5000 years. Accordingly, the importance and value ascribed to them were always high. Either as a medicine, a foodstuff, a seasoning, a cosmetic or an element of religious rituals the aromatic plant was indispensable. It is not to be forgotten that desire tor the riches of India - spices among which - and the struggle to monopolize the trade of the latter con­ tributed to the opening of new sea routes, discovering of continents and altering the picture of the known world. With the advent of modern civilization, characterized by scientific and technological development which dIverted estimation and consumption towards artificial products, aromatic plants experienced a temporary de­ cline of use retaining, however, theIr importance In sectors such as the culinary art and cosmetics industry.

Aromatic Thiols and Their Derivatives

This book is devoted to the synthetic and physical chemistry of aromatic thiols and their closest derivatives, sulfides, sulfoxides, sulfones, including those substituted by various functional groups such as acyl and thioacyl, alkoxide, ester, hydroxyl and halogens. In some cases, for comparison, selenium and oxygen analogues are also detailed. The main focus of the book is on synthetic methods, both traditional and new, based on the use of transition metals as catalysts, as well as the reactivity of the compounds obtained. Its addition to the influence of conformational and electronic factors on spectral (NMR, IR, UV, NQR) and electrochemical characteristics of the compounds is presented. Finally, the book describes the application of aromatic thiols and their derivatives as drug precursors, high-tech materials, building blocks for organic synthesis, analytical reagents and additives for oils and fuels. It is a useful handbook for all those interested in organosulfur chemistry.

Aromatica: Principles and Profiles

The first of two volumes, this is a comprehensive clinical text on the principles behind the clinical use of essential oils. It builds an important foundation for essential oil therapy and includes profiles of the most important 30 essential oils used in practice. This detailed and practical database of clinical experience of essential oil therapeutics takes a truly holistic approach, focussing on the psychological, the physiological and the energetic or Chinese medical aspects. Skilfully blending the evidence of scientific research with that of clinical practice, the book builds a comprehensive therapeutic profile for each oil it presents to the reader. Based on the different administration methods used and the absorption pathways activated, it clearly differentiates the psychological, physiological and topical uses of these essential oils. An extensive Materia Medica section is included. Reliable clinical reference material is offered for all complementary therapists, including aromatherapists, medical herbalists, Chinese Medicine practitioners, energy medicine therapists and massage therapists.

Aromatica: Principles and Profiles (PDF)

The first of two volumes, this is a comprehensive clinical text on the principles behind the clinical use of essential oils. It builds an important foundation for essential oil therapy and includes profiles of the most important 30 essential oils used in practice. This detailed and practical database of clinical experience of essential oil therapeutics takes a truly holistic approach, focussing on the psychological, the physiological and the energetic or Chinese medical aspects. Skilfully blending the evidence of scientific research with that of clinical practice, the book builds a comprehensive therapeutic profile for each oil it presents to the reader. Based on the different administration methods used and the absorption pathways activated, it clearly differentiates the psychological, physiological and topical uses of these essential oils. An extensive Materia Medica section is included. Reliable clinical reference material is offered for all complementary therapists, including aromatherapists, medical herbalists, Chinese Medicine practitioners, energy medicine therapists and massage therapists.

Aromatica Volume 2: A Clinical Guide to Essential Oil Therapeutics. Applications and Profiles

The second volume in the Aromatica series builds on the fundamentals found in Volume 1: Principles and Profiles. This comprehensive clinical text delves further into the different profiles of essential oils and the proper applications for physiological and psychological functions as well as energetic and Chinese Medicines.Packed with charts depicting different functions and methods of administration, and an extensive catalogue of 40 new essential oil profiles, this is an indispensable guide for all complementary medicine practitioners.

Aromatica Volume 2: A Clinical Guide to Essential Oil Therapeutics. Applications and Profiles

The second volume in the Aromatica series builds on the fundamentals found in Volume 1: Principles and Profiles. This comprehensive clinical text delves further into the different profiles of essential oils and the proper applications for physiological and psychological functions as well as energetic and Chinese Medicines.Packed with charts depicting different functions and methods of administration, and an extensive catalogue of 40 new essential oil profiles, this is an indispensable guide for all complementary medicine practitioners.

Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Concepts and Applications

Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity A comprehensive review of the science of aromaticity, as well as its evolution, from benzene to atomic clusters In Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Concepts and Applications, a team of accomplished chemists delivers a comprehensive exploration of the evolution and critical aspects of aromaticity. The book examines the new global criteria used to evaluate aromaticity, including the Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) index and the electronic indices based on electronic properties. Additional discussions of inorganic aromatic compounds developed in this century, which give rise to new concepts like multifold aromaticity, are included. Three-dimensional aromaticity found in fullerenes and nanotubes, Möbius aromaticity present in some annulenes, and excited state aromaticity are explored as well. This volume explores the geometrical, electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of aromatic and antiaromatic compounds and their reactivity properties. It also provides: A thorough historical overview of aromaticity, as well as simple electronic and structural models Comprehensive explorations of organic and inorganic aromatic compounds, concepts of stability and reactivity, and geometric, energetic, magnetic, and electronic criteria of descriptors of aromaticity Practical discussions of heteroaromaticity, as well as Möbius aromaticity and excited state aromaticity In-depth examinations of sigma, pi, delta, and phi aromaticity Perfect for graduate students, researchers, and academics interested in aromaticity, organometallic chemistry, and computational chemistry, Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Concepts and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals and researchers working in organic, inorganic, and physical chemistry.

Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Concepts and Applications

Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity A comprehensive review of the science of aromaticity, as well as its evolution, from benzene to atomic clusters In Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Concepts and Applications, a team of accomplished chemists delivers a comprehensive exploration of the evolution and critical aspects of aromaticity. The book examines the new global criteria used to evaluate aromaticity, including the Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) index and the electronic indices based on electronic properties. Additional discussions of inorganic aromatic compounds developed in this century, which give rise to new concepts like multifold aromaticity, are included. Three-dimensional aromaticity found in fullerenes and nanotubes, Möbius aromaticity present in some annulenes, and excited state aromaticity are explored as well. This volume explores the geometrical, electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of aromatic and antiaromatic compounds and their reactivity properties. It also provides: A thorough historical overview of aromaticity, as well as simple electronic and structural models Comprehensive explorations of organic and inorganic aromatic compounds, concepts of stability and reactivity, and geometric, energetic, magnetic, and electronic criteria of descriptors of aromaticity Practical discussions of heteroaromaticity, as well as Möbius aromaticity and excited state aromaticity In-depth examinations of sigma, pi, delta, and phi aromaticity Perfect for graduate students, researchers, and academics interested in aromaticity, organometallic chemistry, and computational chemistry, Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Concepts and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals and researchers working in organic, inorganic, and physical chemistry.

Aromaticity in Heterocyclic Compounds (Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry #19)

Aromaticity is a notion that appeared in the mid-nineteenth century to differentiate between unsaturated hydrocarbons and formally unsaturated benzene [1–3]. At the end of the nineteenth century it seemed that cyclicity was a necessary condition for differentiation between the two, but at the beginning of the twentieth century it turned out that the above assumption was not correct because cyclooctatetraene exhibited typical properties known for polyenes [4]. The essential property of b- zene-like compounds, often identified with aromatic compounds, was low react- ity. Hence thermodynamic stability was defined as resonance energy [5, 6] and was the first quantitative measure of aromaticity. Many theoretical approaches were proposed later to estimate this quantity, and now the criterion is often considered to be the most fundamental [7]. Almost at the same time, magnetic susceptibility was used to describe aromaticity [8, 9]. Consequently, many concepts based on mag- tism were developed, probably the most effective in assessment of aromaticity being nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) [10] or Fowler’s maps of ring currents [11]. The criterion served Schleyer as a basis for a definition of aromat- ity: “Compounds which exhibit significantly exalted diamagnetic susceptibility are aromatic. Cyclic delocalisation may also result in bond length equalization, abn- mal chemical shifts and magnetic anisotropies, as well as chemical and physical properties which reflect energetic stabilisation”[12].

Around Africa On My Bicycle

In a world first, almost incredibly, Riaan Manser rode a bicycle right around the continent of Africa. It took him two years, two months and fifteen days. He rode 36 500 kilometres through 34 different countries. In Around Africa on my Bicycle, Manser tells the story of this epic journey. It is a story of blood, sweat, toil and tears. It is a story of triumph and occassional disaster. Of nights out under the stars, of searing heat and rain, of endless miles of Africa and of pressing on and never surrendering whatever the odds. Mostly however it is the story of one man's courage and determination to escape the mundane and see the continent he loves and feels so much a part of. It is a story of the human warmth he encounters, and occasionally human wrath and hostility as he crosses troubled countries and borders.

Around and Beyond the Square of Opposition (Studies in Universal Logic)

The theory of oppositions based on Aristotelian foundations of logic has been pictured in a striking square diagram which can be understood and applied in many different ways having repercussions in various fields: epistemology, linguistics, mathematics, sociology, physics. The square can also be generalized in other two-dimensional or multi-dimensional objects extending in breadth and depth the original Aristotelian theory. The square of opposition from its origin in antiquity to the present day continues to exert a profound impact on the development of deductive logic. Since 10 years there is a new growing interest for the square due to recent discoveries and challenging interpretations. This book presents a collection of previously unpublished papers by high level specialists on the square from all over the world.

Around Burnside (Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete. 3. Folge / A Series of Modern Surveys in Mathematics #20)

Perhaps it is not inappropriate for me to begin with the comment that this book has been an interesting challenge to the translator. It is most unusual, in a text of this type, in that the style is racy, with many literary allusions and witticisms: not the easiest to translate, but a source of inspiration to continue through material that could daunt by its combinatorial complexity. Moreover, there have been many changes to the text during the translating period, reflecting the ferment that the subject of the restricted Burnside problem is passing through at present. I concur with Professor Kostrikin's "Note in Proof', where he describes the book as fortunate. I would put it slightly differently: its appearance has surely been partly instrumental in inspiring much endeavour, including such things as the paper of A. I. Adian and A. A. Razborov producing the first published recursive upper bound for the order of the universal finite group B(d,p) of prime exponent (the English version contains a different treatment of this result, due to E. I. Zel'manov); M. R. Vaughan-Lee's new approach to the subject; and finally, the crowning achievement of Zel'manov in establishing RBP for all prime-power exponents, thereby (via the classification theorem for finite simple groups and Hall-Higman) settling it for all exponents. The book is encyclopaedic in its coverage of facts and problems on RBP, and will continue to have an important influence in the area.

Around Classification Theory of Models (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #1182)

Around Glare: A New Aircraft Material in Context

During September 24-26, 2001, the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering of the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands organised the Glare - the New Material for Aircraft Conference, an international conference on the relationship between design, material choice and application of aircraft materials with respect to new developments in industry. Eminent representatives from the aircraft manufacturing world, including manufacturers, airlines, airports, universities, governments and aviation authorities, were present at this conference to meet and exchange ideas - see the group photo on the next two pages. The fact that the conference was held just two weeks after ‘September 11, 2001’ put things in a rather unique perspective. The aim of the conference was to illustrate the many unique applications of the Glare family of fibre metal laminates and to provide for the exchange and distribution of information regarding this material in order to stimulate their acceptance and promote further application. The introduction of fibre metal laminates into the commercial aviation market took about 20 years’ time. Introducing new technologies should not be taken lightly, however; the aircraft industry is by nature rather conservative and innovations must therefore be proven – a paradox actually – in all possible ways before they can be introduced in real aircraft structures. Not only do technical aspects play a role in this respect; historical, cultural, economical and political issues are equally important.

Around Iceland on Inspiration

South Africa’s best-known adventurer Riaan Manser takes on his toughest – and coldest - challenge ever, to kayak around Iceland accompanied by Dan Skinstad, who suffers from mild cerebral palsy.Confronted by icy seas, raging winter storms and logistical nightmares, the two adventurers overcome daunting obstacles, including coming to terms with how to work together as a team.Around Iceland on Inspiration is a story about courage, friendship, determination and inspiration. It captures the true spirit of adventure and the stark beauty of Iceland. Around Iceland on Inspiration is Riaan’s story behind the controversial TV series aired in 2012 and is set to become another best-seller.

Around India in 80 Trains: One of the Independent's Top 10 Books about India

'Crackles and sparks with life like an exploding box of Diwali fireworks' -William Dalrymple'One can only envy Monisha Rajesh as she embarks on this epic journey' -Tim ParksWhen she was a child, Monisha Rajesh's family uprooted to Madras in the hope of making India their home, but soon returned to England with a bitter taste in their mouths. Two decades on, Monisha turns to a map of the Indian Railways and takes a page out of Jules Verne's classic tale, embarking on an adventure around India in 80 trains, covering 40,000km - the circumference of the Earth.Her journey takes her on toy trains, luxury trains, Mumbai's infamous commuter trains and even a hospital on wheels. Along the way she meets a kaleidoscope of characters and discovers why the railways are considered the lifeline that keeps the country's heart beating. Most of all, she hopes that these 80 train journeys will lift the veil on a country that has become a stranger to her.

Around Madagascar On My Kayak

In the last five years Riaan Manser has re-written the definition of tenacity and become the epitome of determination. Riaan rose to prominence when he became the first person to cycle around the entire perimeter of Africa. For over two years, he padalled a mammoth 37,000kms through 34 countries; some of which rank as the most dangerous places on Earth. It was a feat that earned him the title Adventurer of the Year 2006 and made his resulting book, Around Africa on my Bicycle, a best-seller. In July 2009 Riaan again set another world first when he became the first person to circumnavigate the world's fourth largest island of Madagascar by kayak; another expedition achieved alone and unaided. This incredible journey, 5000km in eleven months, was considerably more demanding, both physically and mentally. Daily, Riaan had to conquer extreme loneliness while ploughing through treacherous conditions such as cyclones, pounding surf and an unrelenting sun that, combined with up to ten hours in salt water, was literally pickling his body. The perseverance, of course, brought memorable close encounters with Madagascar's marine life - humpback whales breaching metres away from his kayak, giant leatherback turtles gliding alongside him and even having his boat rammed by sharks. Riaan travelled around Madagascar during a period of the country's political turmoil, which gave him unrivalled insight into the exotic island's psyche and even earned him two nights in prison on suspicion of carrying out mercenary activities. Around Madagascar in my Kayak is packed with engaging stories and beautiful photographs and is set to become another best-seller.

Around Proust

A study in obsession, Marcel Proust's A la recherche du temps perdu is seemingly a self-sufficient universe of remarkable internal consistency and yet is full of complex, gargantuan digressions. Richard Goodkin follows the dual spirit of the novel through highly suggestive readings of the work in its interactions with music, psychoanalysis, philosophy, and cinema, and such literary genres as epic, lyric poetry, and tragedy. In exploring this fascinating intertextual network, Goodkin reveals some of Proust's less obvious creative sources and considers his influence on later art forms. The artistic and intellectual entities examined in relation to Proust's novel are extremely diverse, coming from periods ranging from antiquity (Homer, Zeno of Elea) to the 1950s (Hitchcock) and belonging to the cultures of the Greek, French, German, and English-speaking worlds. In spite of this variety of form and perspective, all of these analyses share a common methodology, that of "digressive" reading. They explore Proust's novel not only in light of such famous passages as those of the madeleine and the good-night kiss, but also on the basis of seemingly small details that ultimately take us, like the novel itself, in unexpected directions.

Around Proust (PDF)

A study in obsession, Marcel Proust's A la recherche du temps perdu is seemingly a self-sufficient universe of remarkable internal consistency and yet is full of complex, gargantuan digressions. Richard Goodkin follows the dual spirit of the novel through highly suggestive readings of the work in its interactions with music, psychoanalysis, philosophy, and cinema, and such literary genres as epic, lyric poetry, and tragedy. In exploring this fascinating intertextual network, Goodkin reveals some of Proust's less obvious creative sources and considers his influence on later art forms. The artistic and intellectual entities examined in relation to Proust's novel are extremely diverse, coming from periods ranging from antiquity (Homer, Zeno of Elea) to the 1950s (Hitchcock) and belonging to the cultures of the Greek, French, German, and English-speaking worlds. In spite of this variety of form and perspective, all of these analyses share a common methodology, that of "digressive" reading. They explore Proust's novel not only in light of such famous passages as those of the madeleine and the good-night kiss, but also on the basis of seemingly small details that ultimately take us, like the novel itself, in unexpected directions.