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Nano-electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Fundamentals to Field Applications
Global warming switches our reliance from fossil fuels to green, sustainable renewable energy sources. Because of its promising nature, high-efficiency nano-electrocatalysts have sparked interest in renewable energy. Hydrogen fuel cell/polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) vehicles are the most environmentally conscious electromobility vehicles, with a high energy density and quick refuelling technology, prompting the auto industry to launch a variety of PEM fuel cell vehicles around the world. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) primary research interests include fuel cells and metal-air batteries. The sluggish kinetic reaction of ORR, which is responsible for the rate-limiting reaction at the PEM fuel cell cathodic system, further decreases energy efficiency. Optimising ORR for market expansion with cost-effective and efficient nano-electrocatalysts, on the other hand, remains a challenge.The book covers fundamental ORR reaction kinetics theories, tools, and techniques. It also explains the nano electrocatalysts for ORR made of noble, non-noble, and nanocarbon materials. Finally, the book explores the applications of PEM fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
Nanobiotechnology: Applications of Nanomaterials in Biotechnology, Medicine and Healthcare
by Kalyan Gayen Tridib Kumar Bhowmick Sunil K. MaityThis book covers topics related to drug delivery, biomaterials, drug design, formulation development, nanoscience, and nanotechnology. It describes the fundamental concepts in nanotechnology and their different applications in biotechnology to solve engineering challenges and generate new areas of technological development. Nanobiotechnology: Applications of Nanomaterials in Biotechnology, Medicine, and Healthcare covers vast application areas that include medical science, material science, pharmaceutical science, and environmental science. Section 1 presents recent research updates on the different nanomaterials, which are promising in different medical and biotechnological applications. Applications of nanomaterials as bone replacement orthopedic implants have revolutionized the treatment of orthopedic surgery. Nanostructured polymeric materials have gained immense research attention as therapeutic carriers for the precise delivery of drugs at targeted sites. Nanocellulose is recognized as a promising green nanomaterial due to its renewability and abundance in nature. Scientific topics on the most recent scientific and technological advances and applications of different nanostructured materials are presented in this section. Section 2 focuses on the novel synthesis methods that are used extensively and are promising for large-scale production of inorganic and nanostructured materials. Section 3 covers the applications of nanotools in the treatment of different diseases, including cancers and genetic diseases. The increasing use of nanotechnology will bring changes in the manufacturing processes of nanomaterials. The applications of nanomaterials in the field of medical imaging and molecular detection are presented in section 4. This book will be useful for students, researchers, scientists, academicians, and industrial manufacturers to understand the importance and applicability of nanomaterials in the field of biotechnology and medical science.
Nanobiotechnology: Applications of Nanomaterials in Biotechnology, Medicine and Healthcare
This book covers topics related to drug delivery, biomaterials, drug design, formulation development, nanoscience, and nanotechnology. It describes the fundamental concepts in nanotechnology and their different applications in biotechnology to solve engineering challenges and generate new areas of technological development. Nanobiotechnology: Applications of Nanomaterials in Biotechnology, Medicine, and Healthcare covers vast application areas that include medical science, material science, pharmaceutical science, and environmental science. Section 1 presents recent research updates on the different nanomaterials, which are promising in different medical and biotechnological applications. Applications of nanomaterials as bone replacement orthopedic implants have revolutionized the treatment of orthopedic surgery. Nanostructured polymeric materials have gained immense research attention as therapeutic carriers for the precise delivery of drugs at targeted sites. Nanocellulose is recognized as a promising green nanomaterial due to its renewability and abundance in nature. Scientific topics on the most recent scientific and technological advances and applications of different nanostructured materials are presented in this section. Section 2 focuses on the novel synthesis methods that are used extensively and are promising for large-scale production of inorganic and nanostructured materials. Section 3 covers the applications of nanotools in the treatment of different diseases, including cancers and genetic diseases. The increasing use of nanotechnology will bring changes in the manufacturing processes of nanomaterials. The applications of nanomaterials in the field of medical imaging and molecular detection are presented in section 4. This book will be useful for students, researchers, scientists, academicians, and industrial manufacturers to understand the importance and applicability of nanomaterials in the field of biotechnology and medical science.
Nanocomposite and Nanocrystalline Materials and Coatings: Microstructure, Properties and Applications (Advanced Structured Materials #214)
by Alexander D. Pogrebnjak Yang Bing Martin SahulThis book is a collection of reports (reviewed) selected from several sections of the IEEE Nanomaterials: Application and Properties-2023 conference. The book is devoted to the study of films, coatings, and materials obtained by various methods of preparation and deposition, for example, magnetron sputtering of targets, vacuum arc deposition , electron-plasma processing, sintering of composites, plasma jet deposition, and other methods for obtaining nanomaterials. The chapters and reports describe superhard coatings, spark, and plasma alloying of materials (metals, semiconductors, polymers, ceramics).
Nanoelectrocatalysts for Energy and Water Treatment (Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World #74)
by Eric Lichtfouse Kumar Raju Katlego Makgopa Kwena D. ModibaneNanomaterials have recently garnered significant attention and practical importance for heterogeneous electrocatalysis. This book presents recent developments in the design, synthesis, and characterisation of nanostructured electrocatalytic materials, with a focus on applications to energy and wastewater treatment. Electrocatalytic nanomaterials can enhance process efficiency and sustainability, thus providing innovative solutions for a wide array of areas such as sustainable energy production, conversion, and wastewater treatment. Readers will gain insights into the latest breakthroughs in electrocatalysis and the activity of nanomaterials in energy conversion applications, e.g., fuel cells, hydrogen production, water splitting, and electro/photocatalytic water splitting, as well as for wastewater treatment. The book explores the development of advanced electrocatalysts, particularly hybrid materials.
Nanoelectrochemistry
by Michael V. Mirkin Shigeru AmemiyaNanoscale electrochemistry has revolutionized electrochemical research and technologies and has made broad impacts in other fields, including nanotechnology and nanoscience, biology, and materials chemistry. Nanoelectrochemistry examines well-established concepts and principles and provides an updated overview of the field and its applications.This
Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery and Neurological Diseases Management (Smart Nanomaterials Technology)
by Nadeem Akhtar Azamal Husen Vagish Dwibedi Santosh Kumar RathThis book gives a complete overview of current developments in the nano drug delivery technology in the management of neurological disorders and brain diseases. The book is divided into three main sub-sections: A) Fundamental study on nanomaterials, nanocarriers, and nanoformulation-based drug delivery in neurological diseases management, B) Nano drug delivery therapy - a novel approach towards common neurological disorders and C) Novel nano delivery strategies in targeted neurological diseases management. This collective work presents diverse nano-based drug delivery technologies that are high-throughput, reliable, pioneering, and applicable to researchers of different countries despite their socio-economic conditions. It hopefully encourages researchers, innovators and policymaker to adapt nanomaterial-based drug delivery vehicles technologies using diverse nano-based formulation techniques as targeted therapy for treating and managing neurological disorders.
Nanoparticles in Plant Biotic Stress Management
by Jen-Tsung Chen Masudulla KhanThis book provides new insight and a better understanding of nanotechnology in mitigating crop biotic stresses.It covers crop diseases and different nano-based management strategies used to manage pathogens and plant-parasitic nematodes damaging crops. Nanoparticles have the potential to revolutionize crop yield and can control plant biotic stress. Nanotechnology in plant pathology is a new frontier among various nanotechnological applications. Nanotechnology applications include the development of nano-based pesticides and nanoformulations of chemicals for crop improvement by reducing biotic stress. Different nanomaterials like ZnONPs, SiO2NPs, CuONPs, AgNPs, and TiO2NPs have been examined for their impacts on plant growth and biotic stress management. This book deals with the advanced use of nanotechnology in managing the biotic stress of crops and improving crop production. It covers these issues and many more. Each chapter focus on one particular topic. Incorporate chapters provide detailed information on nanotechnology and may help in future research. This book will be useful for researchers, professors, and postgraduate and undergraduate students, especially concerning agriculture and plant pathology.
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology for Smart Prevention, Diagnostics and Therapeutics: Fundamentals to Applications
by Arun Thirumurugan Shanmuga Sundar Dhanabalan Kamaraj Sathish-Kumar Muthuchamy Maruthupandy Mercedes Guadalupe Lopez PerezThe book presents the fundamentals of nanomaterials, discusses the direct applications of nanomaterials to the biomedical sector, and explores the potential therapeutic applications of nanotheranostics. This book focuses on the fundamental features of various nanomaterials that are related to the development of biomedical technologies. These fundamental qualities are broken up into three parts: prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutics. When it comes to infectious diseases, prevention is of the utmost importance. Highly advanced nanomaterials including silver, titanium, graphene-based filters, and copper nanoparticles are used to fight infectious illnesses. Once the symptoms have been recognized in the patients, through the use of effective and straightforward nanodiagnostic techniques, the diseases can be accurately localized in either a qualitative or quantitative manner. Nanodiagnostics tools currently dominate the field of biomedical diagnostics because of their high degree of accuracy, low requirement for samples and reagents, user-friendliness, portability, and capacity to perform point-of-care (POC) applications. Nanomaterials are widely used in imaging due to many factors, including: their signal generation and amplification abilities; the ongoing development of reliant new imaging techniques, such as photoacoustic imaging and Raman imaging; their targeting potential, due to the possibility of functionalizing their surface with cancer-targeting moieties; their multimodality, since some nanomaterials can generate signals for more than one imaging technique; and their affordability. Modern therapeutics explores the various nanotechnological advances to cure the site-specific cancer treatment most prominently. The book explores the fundamentals of nanomaterials and discloses their direct application to the biomedical field. Finally, the book discusses future therapeutic applications of nanotheranostics. Audience The book will be read by scientists, researchers, and post-graduate students in the biomedical-related engineering field, nanoscience and nanotechnology, materials science, and bionanotechnology.
Nanotechnology Based Strategies for Combating Antimicrobial Resistance
by Mohmmad Younus Wani Irshad Ahmad Wani Akhilesh RaiThis book provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in nanotechnology as an alternative strategy for addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Examining nanotechnology-based methods such as nanoencapsulation, drug delivery, and conjugation, the text highlights their successful application in treating microbial infections with reduced resistance and off-target toxicity. The introductory section outlines AMR and explores diverse mechanisms of microbial resistance, emphasizing the potential of nanotechnology to surmount these challenges. Subsequent chapters investigate the role of specific nanomaterials—metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, functionalized quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, bimetallic nanoparticles, nanocomposites, carbon nanomaterials, and polymer-based nanomaterials—in overcoming antimicrobial resistance. Several chapters focus on the efficacy of nanoemulsions as an antimicrobial delivery method, underscoring their inherent antimicrobial properties, capacity to enhance drug solubility, stability, bioavailability, and targeting potential at the organ and cellular levels. The concluding section provides a detailed review of liposomes, dendrimers-based nanoparticles, and micelles as drug delivery vehicles in the context of combating pathogens resistant to antimicrobials.
Nanotechnology for Environmental Management
by Mahendra Rai Jayanta Kumar Biswas"Nanotechnology for Environmental Management" is your gateway to the latest advancements in environmental science and technology. Edited by leading international scientists, this book delves into the diverse approaches and applications of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies, offering insights into their potential for environmental remediation, energy management, and sustainable development. Each chapter showcases cutting-edge innovations, making this book an essential reference for students, researchers, scientists, technicians, and professionals in environmental management and regulation. Explore the promises and challenges of nanotechnology in addressing environmental issues, and gain valuable perspectives on the future of sustainable development. With its thorough examination of state-of-the-art nanotechnological solutions, "Nanotechnology for Environmental Management" is your indispensable guide to navigating the complexities of environmental science and technology. "Nanotechnology for Environmental Management" is your gateway to the latest advancements in environmental science and technology. Edited by leading international scientists, this book delves into the diverse approaches and applications of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies.
Narcoball: Love, Death and Football in Escobar's Colombia
by David ArrowsmithPablo Escobar had one obsession. Not drugs, not money, not power... football.Narcoball uncovers the incredible story of Colombian football during the early 1990s - shaped by drug lords, rivalries, and ambition. It uncovers a football empire backed by cartels - where victory was a currency of its own, and defeat, a matter of life and death.This is a different story of Pablo Escobar and his rivals. A tale of clandestine deals that reshaped Medellin's football clubs, where fortunes were won and lost. It unveils the extraordinary bonds that Escobar forged with football's luminaries and why his influence reached unprecedented heights, leading to the astonishing 5-0 victory over Argentina in Buenos Aires, the murder of referees, and the ruthless coercion of officials culminating in the killing of Andrés Escobar - the Colombian defender who paid the ultimate price for an own goal in the 1994 World Cup. It is also an examination of a people's relationship with both the sport and the nefarious leaders that brought both pride and terror to their communities.Set against the U.S War on Drugs, international threats, and government clampdowns, this is a gripping exploration of Colombian club football under Escobar's rise and fall.
Narrating a New Mobility Landscape in the Modern American Road Story, 1893–1921: Ambivalence and Aspiration (Studies in Mobilities, Literature, and Culture)
by Andrew VogelThis book examines travel narratives as a medium used by the American public to imagine and negotiate new ways to live in, move through, and share national space. Setting an array of archival material, including congressional deliberations, into analytical conversation with road stories by Walt Whitman, Paul Laurence Dunbar, Upton Sinclair, Emily Post, Zitkala-Ša, Henry Ford and many others, this book reframes our understanding of the origins of American automobility. The evidence gathered here sheds light on the processes by which the defining social infrastructure of the twentieth century came to be enacted, and also exposes the fraught debates and abiding misgivings that continue to roil infrastructure planning today. The insights captured in this study purposefully deepen our attention to questions of land use and collective responsibility at a moment when the ecological and social-justice consequences of American automobility must be thoroughly re-evaluated so that more conscientious mobility futures may be developed.
Narrative des Unendlichen: Erzählungen über das Unbestimmte von Parmenides bis Popper (Edition Kulturwissenschaft #266)
by Stephan MührDas Unendliche überlastet unsere Einbildungskraft: Wir können es denken, aber wir vermögen es nicht, seine Ausmaße zu erfassen. Wie ist in der europäischen Kulturgeschichte mit dieser Inkommensurabilität des Unendlichen umgegangen worden? Stephan Mühr behandelt das Phänomen nicht als essentiell-gegebenes, mathematisches Problem. Stattdessen erörtert er die jeweiligen Semantisierungen als Narrative, denn diese übertragen die ontologische Indifferenz des Unendlichen paradoxerweise in konkrete Darstellungen. An Fallbeispielen von Parmenides bis Popper wird somit deutlich, wie etwas erzählt wird, das nicht bestimmt werden kann.
Narrative Play Therapy: Theory and Practice
by David Le Vay Kate Kirk Alison Webster Ann-Marie John Carol Platteuw Sharon PearceBeginning with detailed accounts of the theory and history that has shaped the approach, this book provides necessary background knowledge for the successful application of Narrative Play Therapy. It looks at different client circumstances, and demonstrates how the approach can be used in practice to support each client group therapeutically.
Narratives of Wellbeing
by John Taylor Timothy Willem Jones Tarryn Phillips Natalie AraújoThis book critically interrogates ‘wellbeing’, a concept that is exploding in popularity across the globe. The collection of essays asks not only how wellbeing can be defined and measured, but what is created and excluded in the process of striving for and articulating wellbeing. The editors propose a narrative framework as a novel and insightful lens through which to analyse wellbeing and understand how the “good life” is sought, experienced and talked about. With case studies from around the world, the contributions explore the tensions and overlaps between various scripts about what it means to live well—historically, socially, culturally, economically, and spiritually. The collection brings together a rich array of disciplinary perspectives, including: sociology, politics, anthropology, history, indigenous studies, religious studies, development studies, paediatric medicine, and gender and sexuality studies. The diversity of chapters make the book accessible and appealing, not only to scholars and students of wellbeing in the health and social science disciplines, but also to a broader public readership intrigued by the rise and impact of a buzzword.
NASA Formal Methods: 16th International Symposium, NFM 2024, Moffett Field, CA, USA, June 4–6, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14627)
by Nathaniel Benz Divya Gopinath Nija ShiThis LNCS 14627 conference volume constitutes the proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on NASA Formal Methods, NFM 2024, held in Moffett Field, CA, USA in June 2024. The 20 full papers together with 6 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 68 submissions. The conference focuses on the on formal techniques for software and system assurance for applications in space, aviation, robotics, and other NASA-relevant safety-critical systems.
Natalia Ginzburg's Global Legacies (Italian and Italian American Studies)
by Saskia Elizabeth Ziolkowski Stiliana Milkova RoussevaOffering comparative and interdisciplinary approaches to Natalia Ginzburg, this volume situates Ginzburg’s works within major critical discourses to articulate innovative readings and mobilize further lines of inquiry. The first section, “World Literature and World Making,” uses translation practices, world literature, and transnational studies to theorize the growing popularity of Ginzburg. The second section, “Female Bodies, Voices, and Gazes,” draws on gender and queer studies, speech act theory, intersectional feminism, and media studies to begin to address gaps in Ginzburg scholarship. The last section, “Identity, Topography, and Forms,” approaches Ginzburg through the lenses of trauma studies, topography, novel and essay studies, and Jewish identity. Natalia Ginzburg’s Global Legacies both makes available in English important Italian research and builds on significant international discourses. In bridging Italian and Anglophone scholarship, the volume engages students and scholars of Comparative and Italian literature, world literature, and women’s writing, as well as general readers of Ginzburg.
The National Security Constitution in the Twenty-First Century
by Harold Hongju KohA deeply researched, fully updated edition of The National Security Constitution that explores the growing imbalance of institutional powers in American foreign affairs and national security policy Since the beginning of the American Republic, a package of norms has evolved in the U.S. Constitution to protect the operation of checks and balances in national security policy. This “National Security Constitution” promotes shared powers and balanced institutional participation in foreign policymaking. Today it is under attack from a competing claim of executive unilateralism generated by recurrent patterns of presidential activism, congressional passivity, and judicial tolerance. This dynamic has pushed presidents of both parties to press the limits of law in foreign affairs. In his award-winning National Security Constitution (1990), Harold Hongju Koh traced the evolution of this constitutional struggle across America’s history. This new book, based on the earlier volume but with roughly 70 percent new material, brings the story to the present, placing recent events into constitutional perspective. Reviewing the presidencies of the twenty-first century, he explains why modern national security threats have given presidents of both parties incentives to monopolize foreign policy decision-making, Congress incentives to defer, and the courts reasons to rubber-stamp. Koh suggests both a workable strategy and crucial prescriptions to restore the balance of our constitutional order in addressing modern global crises.
National Security Law, Procedure and Practice
by Robert Ward David BlundellA comprehensive, detailed and updated account of UK national security law in all its aspects, National Security Law, Procedure and Practice is the only book to collate and explain all the elements of law, both substantive and procedural, and the practical issues which may arise in national security litigation. The specialised nature of the subject makes this book a vital text, not only for those seeking an overview of national security law, but also for experienced practitioners instructed to act in proceedings in which national security issues may arise. The intense media and public scrutiny which accompanies many national security cases makes this book of interest to a wider audience seeking to understand the legal context of such cases. This new edition draws on the professional experience of a team of expert contributors and covers all recent legislation, case law and guidance. It provides a detailed explanation of the National Security Act 2023, which repeals and replaces the existing law relating to state threats. The new Act introduces significant new offences and executive powers, including the power to impose state threat prevention and investigation measures ('STPIMs'), and creates a new scheme for the registration of foreign political influence activities. The second edition also includes analysis of the landmark Supreme Court decision in Shamima Begum, which re-evaluates the respective roles of the government and the courts in national security matters and has ramifications throughout the work; a comprehensive explanation of the National Security and Investment Act 2021; a fully revised chapter on sanctions law; and an updated explanation of the continued impact of EU law on UK national security law. This second edition of National Security Law, Procedure and Practice will be an invaluable resource for judges, policymakers, legislators, oversight bodies, academic experts and students in a variety of legal fields.
National Security Through the Lens of the ‘Five Eyes’ Nations: Analyzing Domestic and Homeland Considerations for Intersectoral Collaboration
by John Michael WeaverThis book analyzes the ‘Five Eyes’ nations’ concerns and policies relating to national security threats through an interdisciplinary theoretical engagement with the Political, Information, Security and Economic (PISE) Model. Through the analysis of secondary data sources such as scholarly and government reports, policy documents, press releases and interviews, the author analyzes the five case studies—Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UK, and the USA—to determine how and why nations use the PISE variables to shape favorable homeland security outcomes, to determine what the points of homeland intersectoral collaboration are among the ‘Five Eyes’ nations. In so doing, Weaver determines that although the ‘Five Eyes’ countries have concerns about homeland security and each, individually, identifies threats and hazards, they do also employ collaborative measures to build resilience and increase efforts to prepare for anticipated security breaches.
National Theatre Connections 2024: 10 Plays for Young Performers (Plays for Young People)
by Luke Barnes Titas Halder Mojisola Adebayo Sian Owen Josh Azouz Abi Zakarian Alexis Zegerman Charlie Josephine Elgan Rhys Yasmeen KhanNational Theatre Connections 2024 draws together ten new plays for young people to perform, from some of the UK's most exciting and popular playwrights. These are plays for a generation of theatre-makers who want to ask questions, challenge assertions and test the boundaries, and for those who love to invent and imagine a world of possibilities.The plays offer young performers an engaging and diverse range of material to perform, read or study. Touching on themes like trans-rights, the mental health crisis, colonial history, disability activism, and climate change, the collection provides topical, pressing subject matter for students to explore in their performance.This 2024 anthology represents the full set of ten plays offered by the National Theatre 2024 Festival (eight brand-new plays, and two returning favourites), as well as comprehensive workshop notes that give insights and inspiration for building characters, running rehearsals and staging a production.
National Theatre Connections 2024: 10 Plays for Young Performers (Plays for Young People)
by Luke Barnes Titas Halder Mojisola Adebayo Sian Owen Josh Azouz Abi Zakarian Alexis Zegerman Charlie Josephine Elgan Rhys Yasmeen KhanNational Theatre Connections 2024 draws together ten new plays for young people to perform, from some of the UK's most exciting and popular playwrights. These are plays for a generation of theatre-makers who want to ask questions, challenge assertions and test the boundaries, and for those who love to invent and imagine a world of possibilities.The plays offer young performers an engaging and diverse range of material to perform, read or study. Touching on themes like trans-rights, the mental health crisis, colonial history, disability activism, and climate change, the collection provides topical, pressing subject matter for students to explore in their performance.This 2024 anthology represents the full set of ten plays offered by the National Theatre 2024 Festival (eight brand-new plays, and two returning favourites), as well as comprehensive workshop notes that give insights and inspiration for building characters, running rehearsals and staging a production.
Nationalerziehung: Nationalpädagogische Ansätze in Preußen vom Generallandschulreglement bis zur Reichsgründung (1763-1871)
by Andreas MarxAndreas Marx liefert mit diesem Buch einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Geschichte der Nationalerziehung. Die Analyse ist der historischen Bildungsforschung zuzuordnen und legt zugleich Ergebnisse für die historische Forschung der Sozialen Arbeit dar. Historischer Patriotismus und Nationalismus sowie politische und kulturelle Identität werden hierbei im Kontext von Erziehungs- und Bildungstheorien betrachtet. Im Zentrum steht die wissenschaftliche Rekonstruktion historisch-pädagogischer Diskurse um Nationalerziehung zwischen 1763 und 1871 anhand von zehn Modellen. Die aus dem Forschungsinteresse formulierten Fragestellungen unterteilen sich in Sprache und Sprachbilder, Menschenbilder, die „soziale Frage“, Nation und Staat, Religion, staatsbürgerliche Erziehung und Geschlechterfragen. Es wird der Annahme gefolgt, dass das Wissen über historische Nationalerziehung auch Beiträge für die gegenwärtige politische Bildung leistet; etwa in Bezug auf gesellschaftspolitische Spannungsfelder vor dem Hintergrund deutscher Gesellschaftspolitik und auf eine weltpolitische Perspektive. Im Ergebnis treten somit einmalige Zusammen- und Gegenüberstellungen von Impulsen historischer Nationalerziehung hervor, welche einen erweiterten Blick auf aktuelle Diskurse ermöglichen.
Nations, States and Empires
by John A. HallThis book traces the interactions between nations, states and empires in the making of the modern world. It is commonly assumed that nation states succeeded and replaced empires, relegating empires to the past: Hall argues that this is not the case. Empires have continued alongside nation states, shadowing them and overseeing them in the industrial era. The two world wars were imperial wars, rather than wars between nation states. Even after rapid decolonization in the 1950s and 1960s, empires persisted in the USA and the USSR. Furthermore, empires are not finished: the USA retains enormous power whilst Russia and China increasingly show imperial dispositions. Furthermore, empires and nation states do not exist in separate compartments— rather, they often overlap. Consider the USA—at once highly nationalist and the greatest empire in the history of the world. This highly original book will be essential reading for students and scholars in sociology and politics and for anyone interested in the political forces that have shaped, and continue to shape, the modern world.