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Dyslexia Advocate! Second Edition: How to Advocate for a Child with Dyslexia within the Public Education System

This updated edition of this bestselling, straightforward guide provides the essential information for parents and advocates to understand US law and get the right educational entitlements for a dyslexic child.Using case studies and examples, this book demonstrates clearly how to apply the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) to the unique requirements of a dyslexic child. It offers simple, intelligible help for parents on how to coordinate successfully with their child's school and achieve the right services and support for their dyslexic child; up to and beyond getting an effective Individual Education Plan (IEP).Dyslexia Advocate! is an invaluable tool for parents trying to negotiate a complex legal system to get the best outcome for their child. With brand new chapters on the structure of special education services in the US and current state laws, this guide is fundamental to understanding and advocating for your dyslexic child.

Dynamics of Mobile Systems with Controlled Configuration

The book discusses the dynamics and control of motion for mobile robots and other systems capable of moving in various environments by modifying their configurations. It is intended for researchers and engineers in theoretical and applied mechanics, robotics, control theory, and biomechanics. Additionally, graduate and post-graduate students studying these disciplines will find it a useful resource.

Dynamical Behaviors of Fractional-Order Complex Dynamical Networks

This book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the field of fractional-order complex dynamical networks. Recently, the dynamical behaviors (e.g., passivity, finite-time passivity, synchronization, and finite-time synchronization, etc.) for fractional-order complex networks (FOCNs) have attracted considerable research attention in a wide range of fields, and a variety of valuable results have been reported. In particular, passivity has been extensively used to address the synchronization of FOCNs.

Dynamic Image Analysis of Granular Materials: Particle Granulometry for Geotechnical, Material, and Geological Applications (Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering)

This book explores the effectiveness of Dynamic Image Analysis (DIA) in granulometry studies of sand, and presents criteria for soil characterization using DIA, including test parameters, specimen size, efficacy in gap-graded soils, and its limitations. DIA is a modern experimental technique used to analyze and classify particulate materials based on their size, shape, and other morphological properties. This method employs a high-frame-rate camera to capture images of individual sand particles, which have been transported and separated using various techniques. DIA generates both particle size and shape information by analyzing thousands to millions of particles, providing a quantitative statistical description of grain size and shape distribution within the specimen. The manuscript also offers a comprehensive examination of 2D and 3D particle size and shape descriptors. It demonstrates that there is no correlation between size and shape parameters in many sands and that shape descriptors can be reduced to four independent parameters representing sand granulometry at different scales. Additionally, the use of DIA in exploring the depositional history of two complex calcareous sands is presented. The manuscript presents the properties of 30 representative sands, including size and shape parameters, and fits them to statistical distributions. The investigated soils encompass both natural and machine-sorted materials, particles with regular and irregular shapes, as well as siliceous and calcareous sands. Physical granulometry of sand particles is compared using 2D, 3D DIA, and micro-computed tomography (μCT). The work demonstrates that DIA offers significant advantages in terms of efficiency for 3D shape analysis while providing an adequate representation of particle sizes and shapes of most sands. Finally, the manuscript integrates classical geotechnical engineering with computer vision and artificial intelligence. Size and shape descriptors are utilized for sand classification through machine learning models. This work represents a crucial step toward the automatic machine classification of soils, potentially enabling on-site classification using smartphones equipped with high-resolution cameras.

Dynamic Embodiment® of the Sun Salutation: Pathways to Balancing the Chakras and the Neuroendocrine System

Dynamic Embodiment of the Sun Salutation®: Pathways to Balancing the Chakras and the Neuroendocrine System guides you to do the Sun Salutation with more ease by integrating awareness of glandular and chakral embodiment cues and neuro-developmental movement. Everything in this book can be applied to your personal practice and overall health, or to teaching others. It offers a soft, organic yet powerful approach to being in the poses and transitioning between them. What you will learn is effective and surprising. There is tangible mystery in accessing this ability, which we all have, to embody the endocrine system and the related energy fields.By working with the endocrine system and their correlations with the chakras we are grounding the subtle within the physical body. Learn about the dynamic combination of the specific electrical and systemic circulatory nature of the neuroendocrine system. Discover how the anatomical placement of the glands and the spatial tensions (or tensegrity) surrounding them are the natural bridge to activating the energy needed for a fulfilling life.One access route to these dynamic stimuli is through Body Mind Centering's developmental approach, conveyed through the lens of Dynamic Embodiment by BMC® Master teacher Dr Martha Eddy. This approach includes an understanding of careful skeletal positioning, brain-activating movement and hormonal balancing as well as integrating broader social somatic contexts such as the impact of lifestyle, cultural and intergenerational influences. In an age when, most likely, at least one person you know is struggling with thyroid, adrenal, or reproductive glandular imbalance, this book will provide information on the physical, emotional and spiritual impact of attuning with the glands and early childhood development imprints while practising the Sun Salutation. It includes clues for what to do when yoga or endocrine work brings on chaos - from trauma triggers, kundalini overwhelm, to basic life confusion. It gives you the tools to help ground yourself and others, and to take centered action in a dynamic world.

Dungeons & Dragons: Spelljammer: Memory's Wake

Set sail for the stars in this official Dungeons & Dragons novel set in the worlds of Spelljammer: Adventures in Space!In the colossal void of Shatterspace, besieged by bloodthirsty marauders and brimming with monstrous aberrations, the only constant is power: The deft will escape the slow. The clever will outwit the naïve. The strong will take from the weak.Axia wishes she could be grateful to have spent her life—or what little she remembers of it—on an asteroid so far from anything of interest that even the greediest spacers see fit to pass it by. Her days may not be as exciting as the swashbuckling stories of her favorite books or as dramatic as the pasts she’s imagined for herself, but they’re as safe as Shatterspace can manage. So why does something inside her long for the stars every time she sees a spacefaring spelljammer vessel?When Axia survives a sudden assassination attempt, she is cornered by Kori and Nia, a pair of pirates who offer her two options: flee with them to Wildspace, where they can keep her hidden among their crew, or die. It’s an easy choice with death at her doorstep. But even in the vastness of the Astral Sea, Axia quickly realizes that her new friends haven’t been entirely honest about their motivations.It turns out, Axia is the spitting image of Blacktongue, the long-disappeared captain of one of the deadliest pirate crews in Shatterspace. And Kori and Nia have a plan to claim the mysterious treasure that the pirate queen vanished while pursuing. To survive, Axia will have to fill Blacktongue’s bloodstained boots and embark on a more perilous and thrilling adventure than any she’s dared to dream.

Dungeon Runners: Hero Trial

DSGE Models for Real Business Cycle and New Keynesian Macroeconomics: Theoretical Methods and Numerical Solutions with DYNARE (Springer Texts in Business and Economics)

This textbook introduces graduate and upper undergraduate students to Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. As DSGE models become integral in advanced coursework, this book serves as an invaluable guide, explaining the complexities with a methodological red thread across its five chapters. Starting with the stochastic dynamic models of the Real Business Cycle (RBC) and progressing through the field of New Keynesian Macroeconomics (NKE), it employs DSGE models to shed light on the dynamic nature of economic systems.The book presents the Blanchard-Kahn methodology for theoretical solutions, discussing its usefulness and limitations as models evolve in complexity. The book goes on to explain the shift from analytical to numerical solutions, showcasing the DYNARE software and providing coding insights. Unique to this volume is a chapter on difference equations, equipping students with essential mathematical tools, and a concluding exploration of a medium-sized NewKeynesian Economics model.This book will equip students to navigate the theoretical complexities of the topic and to independently replicate and comprehend the presented results. It bridges the gap between classical and Keynesian paradigms, reviving the debate in today's "RBC vs NKE" landscape. It will enable students to master the essence of macroeconomic theories and methodologies, paving the way for their scholarly pursuits.

Dry Eye Disease: A Practical Guide

Due to the growing population of dry eye patients, there has been much study of dry eye disease. Following the full reports of the International Dry Eye Workshops of 2007 and 2017 (DEWS I and II), as well as the recent Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) trial, there is a growing body of consensus and evidence-based literature on the treatment of dry eye. Dry Eye Disease: A Practical Guide synthesizes all these scientific sources into a comprehensive, yet, user-friendly clinical reference. From epidemiology and pathogenesis, to disease subgroups, diagnostics, and management, Drs. Francis Mah and Michelle Rhee with their team of over 35 renowned contributors have distilled all the latest information on dry eye disease into an easily digestible guide. Featuring diverse case scenarios pulled from clinical practice, Dry Eye Disease engages the reader and encourages critical thinking to apply current understanding of dry eye disease to the office and operating room. All aspects of this complex disease are discussed, including the relationship between dry eye and surgical outcomes and contact lens wear. Some topics include: The latest biomarker diagnostics Meibomian gland dysfunction therapeutic technologies The role of integrative medicine Advances in therapeutic contact lenses Ophthalmologists and optometrists of all specialties and skill levels will find Dry Eye Disease: A Practical Guide a comprehensive yet practical clinical guide for treating the growing population of dry eye patients.

Dry Eye Disease: A Practical Guide

Due to the growing population of dry eye patients, there has been much study of dry eye disease. Following the full reports of the International Dry Eye Workshops of 2007 and 2017 (DEWS I and II), as well as the recent Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) trial, there is a growing body of consensus and evidence-based literature on the treatment of dry eye. Dry Eye Disease: A Practical Guide synthesizes all these scientific sources into a comprehensive, yet, user-friendly clinical reference. From epidemiology and pathogenesis, to disease subgroups, diagnostics, and management, Drs. Francis Mah and Michelle Rhee with their team of over 35 renowned contributors have distilled all the latest information on dry eye disease into an easily digestible guide. Featuring diverse case scenarios pulled from clinical practice, Dry Eye Disease engages the reader and encourages critical thinking to apply current understanding of dry eye disease to the office and operating room. All aspects of this complex disease are discussed, including the relationship between dry eye and surgical outcomes and contact lens wear. Some topics include: The latest biomarker diagnostics Meibomian gland dysfunction therapeutic technologies The role of integrative medicine Advances in therapeutic contact lenses Ophthalmologists and optometrists of all specialties and skill levels will find Dry Eye Disease: A Practical Guide a comprehensive yet practical clinical guide for treating the growing population of dry eye patients.

The Drummond Affair: Murder and Mystery in Provence

'A serious reinvestigation full of revealing background information that sheds additional light on what was then and now remains a shocking crime' Paul French, author of Midnight in Peking 'This riveting, eye-opening investigation of a 70-year-old murder mystery reads like a whodunit ... A true crime must-read' Dean Jobb, author of The Case of the Murderous Dr. Cream 'As much social history as it is gripping true crime' Jeremy Craddock, author of The Jigsaw Murders 'A meticulously researched re-examination' Caitlin Davies, author of Private Inquiries: The Secret History of Female Sleuths 1950s France. A British establishment figure. A shocking crime. A miscarriage of justice. The search for truth. In 1952, in a peaceful corner of Provence, a farmer's son stumbled upon a terrible scene. Three bodies: a husband and wife shot dead, their ten-year-old daughter savagely beaten to death. They were all British. So begins one of the most notorious murder cases in French history. Sir Jack Drummond was a senior advisor to the British government, a household name who was respected and admired. His fame made the case a cause celebre in France and resulted in the swift conviction of a local farmer, but questions about Drummond's life and death remain unanswered. In this bold new investigation, Stephanie Matthews and Daniel Smith strip away the prejudice and propaganda to reveal a grave miscarriage of justice. A light is shone on Drummond's secret life in the shadows of the Cold War, painting a portrait of an enigmatic man who may not have been the innocent holidaymaker he appeared to be, and recasting one of the twentieth century's most notorious murders in a fascinating and important new light.

Drum Circles for Specific Population Groups: An Introduction to Drum Circles for Therapeutic and Educational Outcomes

Twenty leading practitioners share their knowledge to offer a lively, accessible and considerate introduction to confidently leading drum circles. This book offers structured advice and practical activities for you to dive in and use with a variety of groups, from children to corporate employees! This is an essential guide for both anyone thinking about starting to lead drum circles, and for experienced practitioners looking to expand their knowledge on working with different groups.

Drug Delivery Systems using Quantum Computing

The first book of its kind to show the potential of quantum computing in drug delivery. Drug delivery systems (DDS) are defined as methods by which drugs are delivered to desired tissues, organs, cells, and subcellular organs for drug release and absorption through a variety of drug carriers. By controlling the precise level and/or location of a given drug in the body, side effects are reduced, doses are lowered, and new therapies are possible. Nevertheless, there are still significant obstacles to delivering certain medications to particular cells. Drug delivery methods change pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and drug release patterns to enhance product efficacy and safety, as well as patient convenience and compliance. Computational approaches in drug development enable quick screening of a vast chemical library and identification of possible binders by using modeling, simulation, and visualization tools. Quantum computing (QC) is a fundamentally new computing paradigm based on quantum mechanics rules that enables certain computations to be conducted significantly more rapidly and effectively than regular computing, and hence this has huge promise for the pharmaceutical sector. Significant advances in computational simulation are making it easier to comprehend the process of drug delivery. This book explores an important biophysical component of DDSs, and how computer modeling may help with the logical design of DDSs with enhanced and optimized characteristics. The book concentrates on computational research for various important types of nanocarriers, including dendrimers and dendrons, polymers, peptides, nucleic acids, lipids, carbon-based DDSs, and gold nanoparticles. Audience Researchers and industry scientists working in clinical research and disease management; pharmacists, formulation and pharmaceutical scientists working in R&D; computer science engineers applying deep learning and quantum computing in healthcare.

The Drowned City: A compulsive historical mystery set in Jacobean Bristol (Daniel Pursglove)

**Longlisted for the CWA Historical Dagger Award**'A gripping thriller' THE TIMES | 'Dark and enthralling' ANDREW TAYLOR | 'Devilishly good' DAILY MAIL'I couldn't put it down' ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐'A story of disaster, espionage, murder and a deep-seated conspiracy... it's nothing short of genius' ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐Revenge runs deep in this captivating historical thriller for fans of C.J. Sansom and Laura Shepherd-Robinson. 1606. England stands divided in the wake of the failed Gunpowder Plot. As a devastating tidal wave sweeps the Bristol Channel, rumours of new treachery reach the King. In Newgate prison, Daniel Pursglove receives an unexpected - and dangerous - offer. Charles FitzAlan, close confidant of King James, will grant his freedom - if Daniel can infiltrate the underground Catholic network in Bristol and unmask the one conspirator still at large. Where better to hide a traitor than in the chaos of a drowned city? Daniel goes to Bristol to investigate, but soon finds himself at the heart of a dark Jesuit conspiracy - and in pursuit of a killer.PRAISE FOR DANIEL PURSGLOVE BOOK 1'Colourful and compelling' SUNDAY TIMES'Goes right to the heart of the Jacobean court' TRACY BORMAN'Spies, thieves, murderers and King James I? Brilliant' CONN IGGULDEN'The intrigues of Jacobean court politics simmer beneath the surface in this gripping and masterful crime novel' KATHERINE CLEMENTS'Shadows and menace lurk round almost every corner... Brilliant writing and more importantly, riveting reading' SIMON SCARROW'Beautifully written with a dark heart, Maitland knows how to pull you deep into the early Jacobean period' RHIANNON WARD

Dropped Object Prevention on Offshore Facilities and Installations: Guidance for Safety Professionals and Practitioners (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)

The prevention of dropped objects is an important component of safeguarding personnel, property and the maritime environment. This concise book has been developed to provide safety professionals and practitioners with specific guidance and criteria on the development, implementation and management of dropped object prevention programs which corresponds to a growing industry-wide development to mitigate and eliminate the hazards imposed by dropped objects. This book relates to the Class requirements for an onboard dropped object prevention program to be implemented on offshore assets, and provides the design requirements for equipment primary securing, secondary retention methods and securing for specific equipment, etc. This book is intended for use by offshore installation Owners, Operators, and Companies whose intention is to prepare for, and ultimately apply for optional Class notations highlighting the installation’s compliance with dropped object safety management. For the benefit of context, the book uses the provisions which relate specifically to the DOPP and DOPP+ notations.

Drop Shot: A gripping thriller from the #1 bestselling creator of hit Netflix show Fool Me Once (Myron Bolitar #No. 2)

Following on from DEAL BREAKER, this is the excellent, gripping second Myron Bolitar novel from the SUNDAY TIMES bestselling author of SIX YEARS.The young woman was shot dead in cold blood, dropped outside the stadium, in front of a stand selling Moët for $7.50 a glass. Once her tennis career had skyrocketed. Now, at the height of the US Open, the headlines were being made by another young player from the wrong side of the tracks.When Myron Bolitar investigates the killing he uncovers a connection between the two players and a six-year-old murder at an exclusive club. Suddenly Myron is in over his head. And with a dirty US senator, a jealous mother and the mob all drawn into the case, he finds himself playing the most dangerous game of all...

Driving Quality Management and Sustainability in VUCA Environments: 4th International Conference on Quality Innovation and Sustainability (ICQIS), Setubal, Portugal, May 22-23, 2023 (Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics)

This proceedings volume provides in-depth research in the fields of quality innovation, sustainability, and operations management. It features contributions from the 4th International Conference on Quality Innovation and Sustainability (ICQIS) that explore how research in quality and innovation boost sustainability and includes solutions to complex industrial problems presented by researchers, professionals, and managers in the field. It also examines the drivers of quality management and sustainability in VUCA environments, with a special focus on supply chain management and innovation. Featuring real business cases on quality and sustainability, this book is useful for researchers, scholars, students, and academics interested in quality management, supply chain management, circular economy, and sustainability.

Driving Forensic Innovation in the 21st Century: Crossing the Valley of Death

This contributed volume offers a comprehensive and multifaceted understanding of the current forensic innovation, landscape, enablers, road blockers, and barriers to implementation. It also presents all aspects that need consideration to cross the valley of death between an idea and its successful implementation. It uniquely merges the technical and scientific aspects of some of the innovations that have been implemented across forensic science within the National and International landscape and with i) the necessary considerations to take into account on the road to success, such as business planning, data privacy, and legal and regulatory aspects, ii) the end-users perspective and iii) the industry perspective. Case studies illustrate "what success looks like" by discussing forensic innovations that have made it to the market and have subsequently impacted positively on criminal investigations. This book acts as a platform to facilitate the dialogue between key stakeholders in driving innovation namely academia, industry, and end-users as well as indicating a roadmap to facilitate practical developments, whilst serving as a revolutionary springboard to initiate an innovation-transforming paradigm shift. This volume is a valuable contribution to the field and is of great interest to graduates and researchers engaged in forensic science, forensic service providers and manufacturers as well as policymakers.

Dreams in Chinese Fiction: Spiritism, Aestheticism, and Nationalism (Routledge Focus on Literature)

This book considers the contemporary political formula of the “Chinese Dream” in the light of the treatment of dreams in Chinese literary history since antiquity. Sinic literary and philosophical texts document an extensive spectrum of dream possibilities: starting with Zhuangzi’s eminent butterfly dream, an early example of the inversion of the dreamer’s reality, through to confusing visions of the spiritual realm. In classical dramas, novels, and ghost stories, dreams see the earthly realm enter into conflict with higher realms of existence. They indulge the dreamer’s quest for sensual pleasures, but then spiritual beings relentlessly harvest the dreamers’ life energy. Dreams promise spiritual enlightenment – only to abandon the dreamer in a state of utter confusion. In the early twentieth century, traditional dream knowledge is abandoned in favour or Freudian episodes of sexual repression. In this context, the collective national dream emerges as an unexpected vehicle of the pained individual’s hope for national rejuvenation.

Dreams in Chinese Fiction: Spiritism, Aestheticism, and Nationalism (Routledge Focus on Literature)

This book considers the contemporary political formula of the “Chinese Dream” in the light of the treatment of dreams in Chinese literary history since antiquity. Sinic literary and philosophical texts document an extensive spectrum of dream possibilities: starting with Zhuangzi’s eminent butterfly dream, an early example of the inversion of the dreamer’s reality, through to confusing visions of the spiritual realm. In classical dramas, novels, and ghost stories, dreams see the earthly realm enter into conflict with higher realms of existence. They indulge the dreamer’s quest for sensual pleasures, but then spiritual beings relentlessly harvest the dreamers’ life energy. Dreams promise spiritual enlightenment – only to abandon the dreamer in a state of utter confusion. In the early twentieth century, traditional dream knowledge is abandoned in favour or Freudian episodes of sexual repression. In this context, the collective national dream emerges as an unexpected vehicle of the pained individual’s hope for national rejuvenation.

Dreaming the New Woman: An Oral History of Missionary Schoolgirls in Republican China (Oxford Oral History Series)

Based on extensive oral history interviews, Dreaming the New Woman uncovers the experiences of girls who attended missionary middle schools in Republican China in the first half of the twentieth century. Chinese missionary schoolgirls were often labelled "foreign puppets" or seen as passive recipients of a western-style education. By focusing on the pupils' own perspectives and drawing on seventy-five oral history interviews conducted with missionary school alumnae, alongside student writings, missionary reports, and newspaper sources, this fascinating book provides fresh insights into what it meant to be Chinese, female, and Christian during the first half of China's turbulent twentieth century. The oral history interviews show how missionary schoolgirls weathered periods of anti-Christian hostility, experimented with new gender roles at school, experienced the Second Sino-Japanese War in Shanghai, and applied Christianity to the Communist cause after 1949. Jennifer Bond reveals how pupils used their schools as a laboratory, blending different ideas from Christianity, nationalism, Communism, and feminism to forge new notions of Chinese womanhood. Girls skillfully combined Christian aspects of missionary education such as the rhetoric of "service" with discussion of women's roles in nation building to widen their sphere of operation in society. The daily practices and lifestyles within the hybrid cultural environment of missionary schools fostered new identities that influenced the girls' aspirations and later careers. A fluency in English, western social graces, and membership in Christian churches admitted them as members of a new western-educated Chinese elite that emerged in the Republican era.

Dreaming the New Woman: An Oral History of Missionary Schoolgirls in Republican China (Oxford Oral History Series)

Based on extensive oral history interviews, Dreaming the New Woman uncovers the experiences of girls who attended missionary middle schools in Republican China in the first half of the twentieth century. Chinese missionary schoolgirls were often labelled "foreign puppets" or seen as passive recipients of a western-style education. By focusing on the pupils' own perspectives and drawing on seventy-five oral history interviews conducted with missionary school alumnae, alongside student writings, missionary reports, and newspaper sources, this fascinating book provides fresh insights into what it meant to be Chinese, female, and Christian during the first half of China's turbulent twentieth century. The oral history interviews show how missionary schoolgirls weathered periods of anti-Christian hostility, experimented with new gender roles at school, experienced the Second Sino-Japanese War in Shanghai, and applied Christianity to the Communist cause after 1949. Jennifer Bond reveals how pupils used their schools as a laboratory, blending different ideas from Christianity, nationalism, Communism, and feminism to forge new notions of Chinese womanhood. Girls skillfully combined Christian aspects of missionary education such as the rhetoric of "service" with discussion of women's roles in nation building to widen their sphere of operation in society. The daily practices and lifestyles within the hybrid cultural environment of missionary schools fostered new identities that influenced the girls' aspirations and later careers. A fluency in English, western social graces, and membership in Christian churches admitted them as members of a new western-educated Chinese elite that emerged in the Republican era.

Dreadful

Drawing Lots: From Egalitarianism to Democracy in Ancient Greece

For the first time, this volume by two leading historians offers a comprehensive study of drawing lots as a central institution of ancient Greek society. Drawing lots expressed an egalitarian mindset that guided selection, procedure, and distribution by lot and was eventually introduced for polis governance, a Greek innovation that appears to be of increasing relevance today. The authors explore the egalitarian, "horizonal," mindset expressed in using the lot instead of a top-down vision of authority and sovereignty. Drawing lots presupposed equality among participants deserving equal "portions" and was used for distributing land, inheritance, booty, sacrificial meat, selecting individuals, setting turns, mixing and reorganizing groups, and divining the will of the gods. Lot-oracles were used for divination; otherwise, the gods guarded the justice of the procedure but only rarely determined the outcome. It was a self-evident method broadly and ubiquitously applied. Drawing lots would crystallize community boundaries and emphasize its sovereignty. The book further investigates the transposition of the drawing of lots to the governance of the polis. The implied egalitarianism of the lot often conflicted with top-down perceptions of society and the values of inequality, status, and merit. Drawing lots was introduced into oligarchies and democracies at an uneven pace and scale. Its wide use in the democracy of classical Athens was an exceptional case, eye-catching both in antiquity and today. The book concludes with a discussion about the meaning of the Greek examples for drawing lots today and the increasing interest in using random selection in politics as a possibility for modern democracies around the world. The appendix surveys the Greek vocabulary of lottery practices.

Drawing Lots: From Egalitarianism to Democracy in Ancient Greece

For the first time, this volume by two leading historians offers a comprehensive study of drawing lots as a central institution of ancient Greek society. Drawing lots expressed an egalitarian mindset that guided selection, procedure, and distribution by lot and was eventually introduced for polis governance, a Greek innovation that appears to be of increasing relevance today. The authors explore the egalitarian, "horizonal," mindset expressed in using the lot instead of a top-down vision of authority and sovereignty. Drawing lots presupposed equality among participants deserving equal "portions" and was used for distributing land, inheritance, booty, sacrificial meat, selecting individuals, setting turns, mixing and reorganizing groups, and divining the will of the gods. Lot-oracles were used for divination; otherwise, the gods guarded the justice of the procedure but only rarely determined the outcome. It was a self-evident method broadly and ubiquitously applied. Drawing lots would crystallize community boundaries and emphasize its sovereignty. The book further investigates the transposition of the drawing of lots to the governance of the polis. The implied egalitarianism of the lot often conflicted with top-down perceptions of society and the values of inequality, status, and merit. Drawing lots was introduced into oligarchies and democracies at an uneven pace and scale. Its wide use in the democracy of classical Athens was an exceptional case, eye-catching both in antiquity and today. The book concludes with a discussion about the meaning of the Greek examples for drawing lots today and the increasing interest in using random selection in politics as a possibility for modern democracies around the world. The appendix surveys the Greek vocabulary of lottery practices.